CN114762492A - Method for regulating and controlling ecological environment of shrimp and crab culture pond - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling ecological environment of shrimp and crab culture pond Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114762492A CN114762492A CN202210304998.9A CN202210304998A CN114762492A CN 114762492 A CN114762492 A CN 114762492A CN 202210304998 A CN202210304998 A CN 202210304998A CN 114762492 A CN114762492 A CN 114762492A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- shrimp
- crab
- pond
- algae
- culture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical class N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940126672 traditional medicines Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 16
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000001592 Amaranthus caudatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009328 Amaranthus caudatus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000192701 Microcystis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001244577 Myriophyllum spicatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003619 algicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003181 biological factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling the ecological environment of a shrimp and crab culture pond, which is characterized in that on the basis of the existing blue algae prevention and control technology, by screening a microecological preparation plant group with remarkable blue algae inhibition effect and testing the scientific use scheme and method of the microecological preparation of the shrimp and crab pond, aquatic plants which are suitable for shrimp and crab culture and have certain inhibition effect on blue algae are selected, and a culture water body bacterium phase and a biological water fertilizing strategy which are matched with the aquatic plants are provided. Through a biological prevention and control technology, a scientific microecological preparation is applied, reasonable aquatic plants are planted, the blue algae water body of the shrimp and crab culture pond is improved, the water quality of the shrimp and crab pond is stabilized, and other fish medicines are not used in the whole process, even part of traditional medicines such as chemicals and antibiotics are not used. The shrimp and crab breeding management cost optimization method has great potential, realizes reasonable drug application structure, reduces mu drug cost, increases shrimp and crab quality, improves feed utilization rate, finally improves mu benefit for fishermen, and increases income for farmers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an ecological environment regulation and control method for a shrimp and crab culture pond.
Background
In the last decade, with the continuous expansion of shrimp and crab culture scale and the gradual deterioration of culture ecological environment in our province, the problem of shrimp and crab diseases in an intensive culture mode becomes more and more serious, and huge economic loss is brought to the shrimp and crab culture industry; especially blue algae eruption in the middle and later periods of cultivation, and becomes a pain point in the whole shrimp and crab cultivation industry. The pond with the blue algae outbreak causes the problems of manpower waste, economic loss, environmental damage, food safety and the like in the culture process. The development of the industry is severely restricted, and a great deal of research is carried out on the causes, mechanisms, seasonal characteristics, prevention and control methods and the like of blue algae outbreak in shrimp and crab culture and by experts and scholars in various enterprises, so that the obvious research progress is obtained. However, the mechanism of blue-green algae outbreak in the pond is controversial so far, the blue-green algae outbreak in the shrimp and crab pond cannot be effectively controlled by the existing technical method, and particularly under the requirements of ecological culture, environmental protection and green products, the scientific, environment-friendly and efficient blue-green algae biological control method in the shrimp and crab pond is not mature. A set of safe, efficient and economic blue algae biological control technology is researched and becomes a necessary demand point in the shrimp and crab industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling the ecological environment of a shrimp and crab culture pond, which achieves the purposes of making a water body ecological system in virtuous circle and reducing blue algae generation mainly by taking measures of running water, supplementing carbon, reducing PH, supplementing bacteria and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a shrimp and crab culture pond ecological environment regulation method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a test pond mouth, and taking the shrimp and crab ponds which have generated blue algae in the past as main test objects;
s2, formulating reasonable shrimp and crab culture density: a plurality of shrimp and crab test culture ponds with different densities are arranged, the occurrence condition of blue algae in each density culture pond is recorded respectively, and the relation between the blue algae occurrence and the culture density is obtained through comparative analysis, so that the reasonable shrimp and crab culture density is determined. The stocking density of the freshwater shrimps is not more than 30 kg/mu, and the specification is 1000-; the stocking density of the crabs is within 1600 crabs per mu, and the specification is 120-150 crabs per kg; the pond storage amount in the blue algae outbreak season (6-9 months) is controlled within 70-80 kg/mu.
S3, detecting the water quality of the pond mouth: including conventional water quality factors, nutrient salt factors, etc.; wherein the conventional water quality factors comprise water temperature, pH value, water color and transparency, and the nutrient salt factors comprise ammonia salt, nitrate and phosphite; the ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.37 mg/L, the nitrite is less than or equal to 0.15 mg/L, and the phosphate is less than or equal to 0.07 mg/L, BOD and less than or equal to 7.59 mg/L.
S4, oxygenation of a culture pond: the running water oxygenation device is reasonably arranged, so that the pond water keeps flowing to a certain degree, and the oxygen content in the water is improved; the configuration of the aerator is more than or equal to 0.75 kw/mu, and the impeller aerator, the nanometer disk bottom aerator and the waterwheel aerator are combined.
S5, periodically improving the water quality of the pond mouth and cleaning bottom mud; the biological bottom of blue algae outbreak season (6-9 months) is changed for 2 times per month, and the bacillus and the photosynthetic bacteria are changed for 3 times per month.
S6, establishing an ecological breeding mode:
s6-1, constructing a biodegradation system: screening two or more than two local floras which have an inhibiting effect on blue-green algae, expanding and culturing to meet the production requirement of the shrimp and crab culture pond, mixing the floras, forming a bacterial-algae attachment area with unicellular algae in the culture pond, and degrading the blue-green algae toxin in the pond; the strain is selected to be alteromonasAlteromonasspFlavobacterium spFlavobacterium sp．Bacillus genusBacillus CohnPhotosynthetic bacteriaPhotosynthetic BacteriaAll are gram-negative bacteria.
S6-2, reasonable aquatic plant planting: two or more aquatic plants suitable for the growth of the shrimp and crab culture pond are screened, the influence on unicellular algae in the pond is small, a plant growth area is formed, and the growth of blue algae is inhibited. The water hyacinth and the myriophyllum spicatum have obvious inhibiting effect.
Further, in the step S4, the running water aerator is a microporous aerator, a waterwheel aerator, or a vane aerator.
Further, in S6, the plant growth area and the bacteria-algae attachment area are both disposed in the cultivation pond, and the vertical direction projections do not overlap.
Further, in S6, the plant growing area includes a floating plant growing area and a submerged plant growing area which are arranged at intervals; wherein, the submerged plant growth area is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, and the utilization rate of the upper water body is improved. The area of the aquatic plant is controlled within 50 percent.
Further, in S6, a bacteria-algae attachment area is arranged beside each floating plant growth area and submerged plant growth area to increase the density of microorganisms in the pond, and the density of strains with the effect of inhibiting microcystis is kept at 9.0 x 107cells/mL or more.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for regulating and controlling the ecological environment of the shrimp and crab culture pond by 'high-efficiency strains, scientific use and matching measures' is provided, and a plurality of running water oxygenation devices are reasonably matched and used, so that the oxygen content in water is improved; the sludge at the bottom of the pond is cleaned regularly, so that the influence of the acidification of the sludge on the water quality is prevented; periodically detecting and improving water quality by means of carbon supplement, PH reduction and the like. Two or more indigenous flora with inhibiting effect on blue algae are screened, a mixed bacterial culture is adopted to construct a biodegradation system, a scientific microecological preparation is applied, reasonable aquatic plant planting is carried out, the blue algae water body of the shrimp and crab culture pond is improved, the water quality of the shrimp and crab pond is stabilized, and other fish drugs are not used in the whole process, even partial traditional drugs such as chemicals, antibiotics and the like are not used. The shrimp and crab breeding management cost optimization method has great potential, realizes reasonable drug application structure, reduces mu drug cost, increases shrimp and crab quality, improves feed utilization rate, finally improves mu benefit for fishermen, and increases income for farmers.
Is provided with a plant growth area and a bacteria and algae attachment area: the plant growth area and the bacteria and algae attachment area are spatially distinguished, and projections in the vertical direction are not overlapped, so that the plant growth area and the bacteria and algae attachment area can be reasonably illuminated in the daytime, and the possibility of illumination deficiency and growth difficulty in plant growth is avoided. The plant growth area comprises a floating plant growth area and a submerged plant growth area, wherein the submerged plant growth area is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, and the space utilization rate and the illumination utilization rate of the upper water body are effectively improved. Bacterial and algae attachment areas are arranged beside the floating plant growth area and the submerged plant growth area, so that the microbial density in the pond is increased, and the degradation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a method for regulating and controlling an ecological environment of a shrimp and crab culture pond includes the following steps:
s1, selecting a test pond mouth, taking the shrimp and crab ponds which have blue algae in the past as main test objects, and taking the specific address of the pond mouth as Guo village, town and Yanxi village in the sentence-capacity city.
S2, establishing a reasonable shrimp and crab culture density: selecting 3 shrimp and crab test culture ponds with different densities, respectively recording the occurrence condition of blue algae in each density culture pond, and obtaining the relation between the occurrence condition of the blue algae and the culture density through comparison and analysis, thereby determining the reasonable shrimp and crab culture density. The stocking density of the freshwater shrimps is respectively 20 kg/mu, 30 kg/mu and 40 kg/mu, and the specification is 1000-; the stocking density of the crabs is respectively 1000/mu, 1500/mu and 2000/mu, and the specification is 120-; the pond storage amount in the blue algae outbreak season (6-9 months) is controlled within 70-80 kg/mu.
It is understood that as the demand of the shrimp and crab market increases year by year, the scale of shrimp and crab cultivation also increases year by year. The problems of high culture density, newly-added raisers' quality which cannot keep up with the increase of culture scale, lack of feeding management and water quality management experience and the like exist, so that the eutrophication phenomenon of the water body of the culture pond occurs, and the bloom of the blue algae is caused.
S3, detecting the water quality of the pond mouth: comprises conventional water quality factor, nutritive salt factor, biological factor and total organic carbon; wherein the conventional water quality factors comprise water temperature, pH value, water color and transparency, and the nutrient salt factors comprise ammonia salt, nitrate and phosphate;
TABLE 1 index of water quality at pond mouth
S4, oxygenation of a culture pond: the micropore aerator, the waterwheel aerator or the impeller aerator are reasonably matched for use, so that the water body fluidity of the culture pond is maintained, and the oxygen content in water is improved. The oxygen content of the microporous aerator is kept above 5mg/L for 0.3 kw/mu, the waterwheel type aerator is 0.25 kw/mu and the impeller type aerator is 0.25 kw/mu.
S5, cleaning sludge in the pond regularly to avoid water quality pollution caused by acidification of sludge at the bottom of the culture pond. Periodically detecting and improving the quality of the pond mouth water in S3; for example, when the PH value in the culture pond is detected to be more than 8.5, bleaching powder or 'mossback' and the like can be used, and the local part of the pond is splashed at the downwind opening in the middle of a sunny day, and fresh water is often added; when the PH value in the culture pond is detected to be lower than 6.5, quicklime water or 'black diamond' and the like can be splashed, so that the water body gradually rises to be slightly alkaline.
S6, establishing an ecological breeding mode:
s6-1, constructing a biodegradation system: screening two or more than two local floras which have the inhibiting effect on blue-green algae, expanding culture to meet the production requirement of the shrimp and crab culture pond, mixing the floras, forming a bacterial-algae attachment area with unicellular algae in the culture pond, and degrading the blue-green algae toxin in the pond. The strain is selected to be alteromonasAlteromonasspFlavobacterium spFlavobacterium sp．Bacillus genusBacillus CohnPhotosynthetic bacteriaPhotosynthetic BacteriaThe bacterial algae attachment area has a degradation rate of 67.2% to the cyanobacteria toxin.
S6-2, reasonable aquatic plant planting: two or more than two aquatic plants suitable for the growth of the shrimp and crab culture pond are screened, and the influence on unicellular algae in the pond is small, so that a plant growth area is formed. The ecological biological coupling technology for inhibiting the growth of blue algae by using the aquatic plants is an effective means for solving the eutrophication of water bodies, the mechanism is that the aquatic plants and the algae compete for nutrient substances in water, the aquatic plants generate algicide substances and microorganisms for adsorbing and degrading algal toxins by plant root systems to inhibit the growth of the algae, and the eichhornia crassipes and the spicate foxtail algae have obvious inhibition effects.
On the basis of the existing blue algae prevention and control technology, the invention mainly selects aquatic plants which are suitable for shrimp and crab culture and have certain inhibition effect on blue algae and has matched culture water body bacteria phase stabilization and biological water fertilization strategies by screening a microecological preparation plant group with obvious blue algae inhibition effect and strong blue algae toxin decomposition effect and testing the application scheme and method of shrimp and crab pond microecological preparation science. Through a biological prevention and control technology, a scientific microecological preparation is applied and reasonable aquatic plant planting is carried out, the blue algae water body of the shrimp and crab culture pond is improved, the water quality of the shrimp and crab pond is stabilized, the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and phosphate are respectively reduced by 50.2%, 67.8% and 78.5%, and the control is in a safe range. The whole process can reduce the use of other fish drugs and even can avoid the use of partial traditional drugs such as chemical drugs, antibiotics and the like. The method has great potential for optimizing the whole shrimp and crab breeding and operating cost, achieves reasonable drug application structure, reduces mu drug cost, improves the utilization rate of feed, finally improves mu benefit for fishermen and increases income for farmers.
As a further preferable embodiment of the present invention: plant growth district, fungus algae attaching area all set up in breeding the pond, and vertical direction projection is not overlapped for plant growth district and fungus algae attaching area all can obtain reasonable illumination daytime, avoid vegetation to appear illumination deficiency growth difficulty's possibility. The plant growth area comprises a floating plant growth area and a submerged plant growth area which are arranged at intervals; the submerged plant growth area is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, so that the space utilization rate of an upper water body and the illumination utilization rate of the whole culture pond are improved.
As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention: and bacterial-algae attachment areas are arranged beside the floating plant growth area and the submerged plant growth area, so that the density of microorganisms in the pond is increased, and the degradation efficiency is improved.
Various other changes and modifications to the above-described embodiments and concepts will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the above description, and all such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A shrimp and crab culture pond ecological environment regulation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a test pond mouth, and taking the shrimp and crab ponds which have generated blue algae in the past as main test objects;
s2, establishing a reasonable shrimp and crab culture density: a plurality of shrimp and crab test culture ponds with different densities are arranged, the occurrence condition of blue algae in each density culture pond is respectively recorded, and the relation between the occurrence condition of the blue algae and the culture density is obtained through comparative analysis, so that the reasonable shrimp and crab culture density is determined;
s3, detecting the water quality of the pond mouth: including conventional water quality factors, nutrient salt factors, etc.; wherein the conventional water quality factors comprise water temperature, pH value, water color and transparency, and the nutrient salt factors comprise ammonia salt, nitrite and phosphate;
s4, oxygenation of a culture pond: the running water oxygenation device is reasonably arranged, so that the pond water keeps flowing to a certain degree, and the oxygen content in the water is improved;
s5, periodically improving the water quality of the pond mouth and cleaning bottom mud;
s6, establishing an ecological breeding mode:
s6-1, constructing a biodegradation system: screening two or more than two local floras which have an inhibiting effect on blue-green algae, expanding and culturing to meet the production requirement of the shrimp and crab culture pond, mixing the floras, forming a bacterial-algae attachment area with unicellular algae in the culture pond, and degrading the blue-green algae toxin in the pond;
s6-2, reasonable aquatic plant cultivation: two or more aquatic plants suitable for the growth of the shrimp and crab culture pond are screened, the influence on unicellular algae in the pond is small, a plant growth area is formed, and the growth of blue algae is inhibited.
2. The method for regulating and controlling the ecological environment of the shrimp and crab culture pond according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the running water oxygenation device is a microporous aerator, a water wheel type aerator or a paddle aerator.
3. The method for regulating and controlling the ecological environment of the shrimp and crab culture pond according to claim 1, wherein in S6, the plant growth area and the bacteria and algae attachment area are both arranged in the culture pond, and the vertical projections do not overlap.
4. The method for regulating the ecological environment of a shrimp and crab culture pond according to claim 3, wherein in S6, the plant growing areas comprise a floating plant growing area and a submerged plant growing area which are arranged at intervals; wherein, the submerged plant growing area is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in S6, a bacterial-algae attachment zone is provided beside each of the floating plant growth zone and the submerged plant growth zone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210304998.9A CN114762492B (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Ecological environment regulation and control method for shrimp and crab culture pond |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210304998.9A CN114762492B (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Ecological environment regulation and control method for shrimp and crab culture pond |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114762492A true CN114762492A (en) | 2022-07-19 |
| CN114762492B CN114762492B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
Family
ID=82365337
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210304998.9A Active CN114762492B (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Ecological environment regulation and control method for shrimp and crab culture pond |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114762492B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104872029A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-02 | 重庆百奥帝克微生态科技有限公司 | Method for realizing ecological aquaculture by regulating water quality of high-yield aquaculture pond |
| CN105016488A (en) * | 2015-08-08 | 2015-11-04 | 黄吉森 | Method for treating blue-green algae |
| CN107176751A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-19 | 天津农学院 | A kind of emergence treating method of quick reduction Fish-water Fish Farming pond wawter bloom harm |
| CN108033568A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-15 | 郑州神草生物技术有限公司 | A kind of cyanobacteria pollution control of water method based on active microorganism technology |
| CN112625952A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-09 | 天津科技大学 | Bacillus subtilis subspecies stevensis and application thereof in inhibiting cyanobacterial bloom |
-
2022
- 2022-03-25 CN CN202210304998.9A patent/CN114762492B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104872029A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-02 | 重庆百奥帝克微生态科技有限公司 | Method for realizing ecological aquaculture by regulating water quality of high-yield aquaculture pond |
| CN105016488A (en) * | 2015-08-08 | 2015-11-04 | 黄吉森 | Method for treating blue-green algae |
| CN107176751A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-19 | 天津农学院 | A kind of emergence treating method of quick reduction Fish-water Fish Farming pond wawter bloom harm |
| CN108033568A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-15 | 郑州神草生物技术有限公司 | A kind of cyanobacteria pollution control of water method based on active microorganism technology |
| CN112625952A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-09 | 天津科技大学 | Bacillus subtilis subspecies stevensis and application thereof in inhibiting cyanobacterial bloom |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴伟;瞿建宏;王小娟;许骄阳;钱志林;: "水生植物微生物强化系统对日本沼虾养殖水体的生物净化" * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114762492B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Chuntapa et al. | Water quality control using Spirulina platensis in shrimp culture tanks | |
| CN103395890A (en) | Microbial preparation for improving freshwater aquaculture water body and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102719380B (en) | Aquatic compound microecologics and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111793575A (en) | Complex microbial inoculant and application thereof in aquaculture | |
| CN103352018A (en) | A kind of complex microorganism preparations for aquaculture water improvement and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101082028A (en) | Preparation of water-adjusting bacterium and method for restoring aquaculture environment | |
| CN105274029B (en) | A kind of Nitrobacter winogradskyi and nitrobacteria-denitrifying bacteria composite bacteria agent and production method and application | |
| CN102352316A (en) | Composite germ pulp, and production method and application thereof | |
| CN103242064B (en) | Biological fish manure for aquaculture | |
| Wang et al. | Microalgae biofilm and bacteria symbiosis in nutrient removal and carbon fixation from wastewater: a review | |
| CN104016805A (en) | Aquatic-product compound amino acid bacterial fertilizer containing triacontanol and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103211088A (en) | Preparation method of sea cucumber bait | |
| CN100467584C (en) | Composite microecological agent for aquaculture and scenery water body and its preparation method | |
| CN105600942A (en) | Method for formation of bioflocs by cyanobacterial bloom | |
| CN114891689A (en) | Microbial agent for promoting plant growth and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN103641229A (en) | Method for regulating and controlling of water quality of Litopenaeus Vannamei culture pond | |
| CN106465695B (en) | A kind of enhanced ecological base and preparation method thereof | |
| CN1820587A (en) | Pure water composite mushroom jellyfish ecotogical cultivating technology | |
| CN105110489A (en) | Water-purifying and weed-protecting biological agent for shrimp and crab culture in high-temperature period as well as preparation method and application of biological agent | |
| CN112725397A (en) | Method for producing single-cell protein by microbial fermentation | |
| CN103667109A (en) | Rhodobacter capsulatus and application thereof | |
| CN110054302A (en) | Inhibit the processing material and preparation method thereof of algal grown | |
| CN114762492B (en) | Ecological environment regulation and control method for shrimp and crab culture pond | |
| Dewi et al. | Water quality in the maintenance of oreochromis niloticus through environmentally friendly biofloc technology | |
| CN104150714B (en) | Administer sugar refinery sulfur-bearing waste with composite fungus agent and produce the method for compound bacterial fertilizer |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |