CN114759825B - Piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic suspension type composite energy acquisition and management device - Google Patents
Piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic suspension type composite energy acquisition and management device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114759825B CN114759825B CN202210426902.6A CN202210426902A CN114759825B CN 114759825 B CN114759825 B CN 114759825B CN 202210426902 A CN202210426902 A CN 202210426902A CN 114759825 B CN114759825 B CN 114759825B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 72
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium copper Chemical compound [Be].[Cu] DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic suspension type composite energy collection and management device, which belongs to the technical field of energy collection device design and comprises a device shell, a piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module and a piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module, wherein the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module is used for protecting the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module; the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module is used for respectively generating piezoelectric power generation current, friction power generation current and electromagnetic power generation current through piezoelectric power generation, friction power generation and electromagnetic power generation; the energy management module is used for rectifying the piezoelectric power generation current, the friction power generation current and the electromagnetic power generation current into direct currents respectively by utilizing a rectifier bridge, then connecting the piezoelectric power generation current, the friction power generation current and the electromagnetic power generation current in parallel, pre-storing the electric energy into a capacitor, and outputting the electric energy to an energy storage capacitor to supply power for an electronic device when the voltage between two ends of the capacitor reaches a preset voltage; the invention solves the problem of harvesting and converting vibration energy in the environment into continuous electrical energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy acquisition device design, and particularly relates to a piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic suspension type composite energy acquisition and management device.
Background
In recent years, due to potential applications of wearable electronic devices in robots, human-machine interfaces, human motion detection and the like, the wearable electronic devices have attracted extensive attention. Thus, portable, durable energy demands are increasing.
Harvesting and converting vibrational energy in the environment into electrical energy is a viable approach. While energy collectors based on friction, electromagnetic and piezoelectric effects have been proposed, they each have significant advantages and disadvantages. For example, the friction generator has large voltage, small current, the electromagnetic generator has small voltage and large current, and the piezoelectric generator has weak response to low-frequency vibration, so that a composite energy collecting device integrating the advantages and disadvantages of three generators is needed.
In addition, the electric energy generated by the power generation unit is in an alternating current form and is intermittent and cannot be directly utilized, and the collected energy needs to be managed, so that the utilization of the electric energy is maximized, and the electronic device at the rear end is adapted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic suspension type composite energy collecting and managing device provided by the invention collects vibration energy in the environment, and solves the problems of collecting the vibration energy in the environment and converting the vibration energy into continuous electric energy.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic suspension type composite energy acquisition and management device, which comprises:
a device housing for protecting the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module;
the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module is used for respectively generating piezoelectric power generation current, friction power generation current and electromagnetic power generation current through piezoelectric power generation, friction power generation and electromagnetic power generation;
the energy management module is used for rectifying the piezoelectric power generation current, the friction power generation current and the electromagnetic power generation current into direct currents respectively by utilizing the rectifier bridge, then connecting the piezoelectric power generation current, the friction power generation current and the electromagnetic power generation current in parallel, pre-storing the electric energy into the capacitor, and outputting the electric energy to the energy storage capacitor to supply power for the electronic device when the voltage at two ends of the capacitor reaches the preset voltage.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic suspension type composite energy collecting and managing device provided by the invention has the advantages that the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module and the energy management module are protected through the device shell, the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module is used for preventing falling and vibration, alternating current is obtained through piezoelectric power generation, friction power generation and electromagnetic power generation respectively, the energy management module is used for effectively pre-storing electric energy into a capacitor through methods such as cold starting, boosting and reducing voltage management, under-voltage protection and maximum power point tracking after the alternating current is rectified, the electric energy is output into a rear-end energy storage capacitor after a certain voltage is reached, the electric energy in the energy storage capacitor can be used continuously, and vibration energy in the environment is collected and converted into continuous electric energy.
Further, the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module includes:
the piezoelectric power generation sub-module is used for generating piezoelectric power generation current through piezoelectric power generation;
the friction power generation sub-module is used for generating friction power generation current through friction power generation;
and the electromagnetic power generation and generation module is used for generating electromagnetic power generation current through electromagnetic power generation.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module obtains piezoelectric power generation current, friction power generation current and electromagnetic power generation current through the piezoelectric power generation sub-module, the friction power generation sub-module and the electromagnetic power generation sub-module respectively.
Further, the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module is composed of a first magnet, a second magnet, a beryllium copper alloy plate, a first piezoelectric ceramic plate, a second piezoelectric ceramic plate, a first electrode, a second electrode, a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, a first aluminum plate, a first magnetic induction coil, a second magnetic induction coil, a third magnetic induction coil, a first polytetrafluoroethylene layer, a third magnet, a second polytetrafluoroethylene layer, a second aluminum plate, a third fixing plate and a fourth magnet;
the first magnet and the second magnet are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of one end of the beryllium copper alloy plate; one side of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece is connected with the middle part of the upper side of the beryllium copper alloy plate; the other side of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece is connected with a first electrode; one side of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece is connected with the middle part of the lower side of the beryllium copper alloy plate; the other side of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece is connected with a second electrode; the first electrode, the second electrode and the beryllium copper alloy plate are all connected with the energy management module; the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the other end of the beryllium copper alloy plate; the first aluminum plate is arranged below the second fixing plate; the first magnetic induction coil, the second magnetic induction coil and the third magnetic induction coil are all arranged below the first aluminum plate from top to bottom; the first magnetic induction coil, the second magnetic induction coil and the third magnetic induction coil are all connected with the energy management module; the first polytetrafluoroethylene layer, the third magnet and the second polytetrafluoroethylene layer are arranged inside the first magnetic induction coil, the second magnetic induction coil and the third magnetic induction coil from top to bottom; the second aluminum plate is arranged below the third magnetic induction coil; the third fixing plate is arranged below the second aluminum plate; the first aluminum plate, the second aluminum plate, the first polytetrafluoroethylene layer and the second polytetrafluoroethylene layer are all connected with the energy management module; the fourth magnet is arranged below the third fixing plate.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module is used for acquiring transient electric energy in the environment through the structure.
Further, the piezoelectric power generation sub-module is composed of a first magnet, a second magnet, a beryllium copper alloy plate, a first piezoelectric ceramic plate, a second piezoelectric ceramic plate, a first electrode, a second electrode, a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate;
the friction power generation sub-module is composed of a first aluminum plate, a first polytetrafluoroethylene layer, a second polytetrafluoroethylene layer and a second aluminum plate;
the electromagnetic power generation sub-module is composed of a first magnetic induction coil, a second magnetic induction coil, a third magnet, a third fixing plate and a fourth magnet.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the piezoelectric power generation sub-module is an energy collector with a typical cantilever beam-mass block structure, when the piezoelectric ceramic material is subjected to external force to generate mechanical strain, the center of charges in the material is deviated, so that different charges are accumulated on the upper surface and the lower surface to form a potential difference, and power generation is realized; the friction power generation sub-module consists of polytetrafluoroethylene and aluminum, and forms charge transfer in the contact friction process by utilizing the difference of the electron-gaining and losing capacities of two different materials to generate potential difference; the electromagnetic power generation submodule utilizes the characteristic that the third magnet and the fourth magnet have the same polarity and have repulsive force, and the third magnet continuously cuts the magnetic induction lines of the first magnetic induction coil, the second magnetic induction coil and the third magnetic induction coil to generate induction current.
Further, the energy management module includes:
the piezoelectric rectifier sub-module is used for rectifying piezoelectric power generation current to obtain piezoelectric direct current;
the friction rectifier sub-module is used for rectifying friction power generation current to obtain friction direct current;
the electromagnetic rectifier sub-module is used for rectifying electromagnetic power generation current to obtain electromagnetic direct current;
the electric energy management sub-module is used for receiving direct current obtained by parallelly connecting piezoelectric direct current, friction direct current and electromagnetic direct current, pre-storing electric energy into a capacitor, and outputting the electric energy to the energy storage capacitor to supply power for the electronic device after the voltage at two ends of the capacitor reaches a preset voltage.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the energy management module rectifies the acquired alternating current into direct current, effectively stores electric energy into the capacitor, and outputs the electric energy to the energy storage capacitor to supply power for the back-end electronic device after reaching a preset voltage.
Further, the piezoelectric rectifier sub-module is composed of a first rectifier and a second rectifier; the friction rectifier sub-module consists of a third rectifier and a fourth rectifier; the electromagnetic current rectifying sub-module is composed of a fifth rectifier, a sixth rectifier and a seventh rectifier;
the input end of the first rectifier is connected with the first electrode and the beryllium copper alloy plate respectively; the input end of the second rectifier is connected with the second electrode and the beryllium copper alloy plate respectively; the input end of the third rectifier is connected with the first aluminum plate and the first polytetrafluoroethylene layer respectively; the input end of the fourth rectifier is connected with the second aluminum plate and the second polytetrafluoroethylene layer respectively; the input end of the fifth rectifier is connected with two ends of the first magnetic induction coil respectively; the input end of the sixth rectifier is connected with two ends of the second magnetic induction coil respectively; the input end of the seventh rectifier is connected with two ends of the third magnetic induction coil respectively;
the first rectifier output end, the second rectifier output end, the third rectifier output end, the fourth rectifier output end, the fifth rectifier output end, the sixth rectifier output end and the seventh rectifier output end are connected in parallel and then connected with the electric energy management submodule.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the alternating currents acquired by the piezoelectric power generation sub-module, the friction power generation sub-module and the electromagnetic power generation sub-module are respectively converted into direct currents through the rectifiers, and the direct currents are connected in parallel and then input into the electric energy management sub-module for storage.
Further, the power management submodule includes an energy management chip U1 with a model BQ25570, an input strip P1, an output strip P2, a module adjustment strip P3, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, an inductance L1, an inductance L2, an energy storage capacitor CT1, an energy storage capacitor CT2, and a diode D1;
the 1 st pin and the 2 nd pin of the input row socket P1 are grounded; the 2 nd pin of the input row socket P1 is connected with the 5 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 3 rd pin of the input row socket P1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R1, one end of the capacitor C1, the 2 nd pin of the energy management chip U1 and one end of the inductor L1; the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded; the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a 20 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of the resistor R2; the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the 1 st pin of the module adjusting socket P3 and grounded; the 2 nd pin of the module adjusting socket P3 is connected with the 13 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 3 rd pin of the module adjusting socket P3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R3 and the 3 rd pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded; the 4 th pin of the module adjusting row socket P3 is connected with the 6 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 5 th pin of the module adjusting socket P3 is respectively connected with the 6 th pin, one end of the capacitor C2, one end of the capacitor C3 and the 19 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the capacitor C2 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are grounded; the 0 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is grounded; the 7 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R4 and one end of a resistor R5; the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected with the 8 th pin of the energy management chip U1, one end of the resistor R6 and one end of the resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected with a 10 th pin of the energy management chip U1 and one end of the resistor R6; the other end of the resistor R7 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R8 and the 11 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R9 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R10 and a 12 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R10 and the 9 th pin of the energy management chip U1 are grounded; the 14 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L2, one end of the capacitor C5, one end of the capacitor C6 and the 3 rd pin of the output socket P2; the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a 16 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the capacitor C5 and the other end of the capacitor C6 are grounded; the 4 th pin of the output socket P2 is grounded; the 15 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is grounded; the 2 nd pin of the output socket P2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R11, one end of an energy storage capacitor CT2, one end of a capacitor C7, one end of an energy storage capacitor CT1 and the 18 th pin of an energy management chip U1; the other end of the energy storage capacitor CT1, the other end of the capacitor C7, the other end of the energy storage capacitor CT2 and the 1 st pin of the output socket P2 are all grounded; the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the anode of the diode D1; the cathode of the diode D1 is grounded; and the 17 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is grounded.
The beneficial effects of adopting the further scheme are as follows: the electric energy management submodule is utilized to effectively pre-store electric energy into a capacitor through methods such as cold start, boost and buck management, under-voltage protection, maximum power point tracking and the like on direct current obtained through rectification, and the electric energy is output into a rear-end energy storage capacitor after reaching preset voltage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic suspension type composite energy collection and management device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of electromagnetic power generation test to generate voltage and current in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power management sub-module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph of test results of the power management sub-module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a first magnet; 2. a second magnet; 3. beryllium copper alloy plate; 4. a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 5. a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 6. a first electrode; 7. a second electrode; 8. a first fixing plate; 9. a second fixing plate; 10. a first aluminum plate; 11. a first magnetic induction coil; 12. a second magnetic induction coil; 13. a third magnetic induction coil; 14. a first polytetrafluoroethylene layer; 15. a third magnet; 16. a second polytetrafluoroethylene layer; 17. a second aluminum plate; 18. a third fixing plate; 19. and a fourth magnet.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic levitation type composite energy collection and management device, comprising:
a device housing for protecting the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module;
the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module is used for respectively generating piezoelectric power generation current, friction power generation current and electromagnetic power generation current through piezoelectric power generation, friction power generation and electromagnetic power generation;
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module includes:
the piezoelectric power generation sub-module is used for generating piezoelectric power generation current through piezoelectric power generation;
the friction power generation sub-module is used for generating friction power generation current through friction power generation;
the electromagnetic power generation and generation module is used for generating electromagnetic power generation current through electromagnetic power generation;
the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module obtains piezoelectric power generation current, friction power generation current and electromagnetic power generation current through the piezoelectric power generation sub-module, the friction power generation sub-module and the electromagnetic power generation sub-module respectively;
the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module is composed of a first magnet 1, a second magnet 2, a beryllium copper alloy plate 3, a first piezoelectric ceramic plate 4, a second piezoelectric ceramic plate 5, a first electrode 6, a second electrode 7, a first fixing plate 8, a second fixing plate 9, a first aluminum plate 10, a first magnetic induction coil 11, a second magnetic induction coil 12, a third magnetic induction coil 13, a first polytetrafluoroethylene layer 14, a third magnet 15, a second polytetrafluoroethylene layer 16, a second aluminum plate 17, a third fixing plate 18 and a fourth magnet 19;
the first magnet 1 and the second magnet 2 are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of one end of the beryllium copper alloy plate 3; one side of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece 4 is connected with the middle part of the upper side of the beryllium copper alloy plate 3; the other side of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece 4 is connected with a first electrode 6; one side of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 is connected with the middle part of the lower side of the beryllium copper alloy plate 3; the other side of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 is connected with a second electrode 7; the first electrode 6, the second electrode 7 and the beryllium copper alloy plate 3 are all connected with an energy management module; the first fixing plate 8 and the second fixing plate 9 are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the other end of the beryllium copper alloy plate 3; the first aluminum plate 10 is arranged below the second fixing plate 9; the first magnetic induction coil 11, the second magnetic induction coil 12 and the third magnetic induction coil 13 are all arranged below the first aluminum plate 10 from top to bottom; the first magnetic induction coil 11, the second magnetic induction coil 12 and the third magnetic induction coil 13 are all connected with an energy management module; the first polytetrafluoroethylene layer 14, the third magnet 15 and the second polytetrafluoroethylene layer 16 are arranged inside the first magnetic induction coil 11, the second magnetic induction coil 12 and the third magnetic induction coil 13 from top to bottom; the second aluminum plate 17 is arranged below the third magnetic induction coil 13; the third fixing plate 18 is arranged below the second aluminum plate 17; the first aluminum plate 10, the second aluminum plate 17, the first polytetrafluoroethylene layer 14 and the second polytetrafluoroethylene layer 16 are all connected with an energy management module; the fourth magnet 19 is disposed below the third fixing plate 18;
the piezoelectric power generation sub-module is composed of a first magnet 1, a second magnet 2, a beryllium copper alloy plate 3, a first piezoelectric ceramic plate 4, a second piezoelectric ceramic plate 5, a first electrode 6, a second electrode 7, a first fixing plate 8 and a second fixing plate 9;
the piezoelectric power generation sub-module is an energy collector with a typical cantilever beam-mass block structure, when the piezoelectric ceramic material is subjected to external force to generate mechanical strain, the charge center in the material is deviated, so that different charges are accumulated on the upper surface and the lower surface to form a potential difference, power generation is realized, 3.7V and 10 mu A can be respectively achieved under 2Hz, and 36V and 0.3mA can be achieved under 7 Hz;
the friction power generation sub-module is composed of a first aluminum plate 10, a first polytetrafluoroethylene layer 14, a second polytetrafluoroethylene layer 16 and a second aluminum plate 17;
the friction power generation sub-module consists of polytetrafluoroethylene and the like and aluminum, and forms charge transfer in the contact friction process by utilizing the difference of the electron-gaining and losing capacities of two different materials to generate potential difference;
the electromagnetic power generation sub-module is composed of a first magnetic induction coil 11, a second magnetic induction coil 12, a third magnetic induction coil 13, a third magnet 15, a third fixing plate 18 and a fourth magnet 19;
the first magnetic induction coil 11, the second magnetic induction coil 12 and the third magnetic induction coil 13 were individually tested, and as shown in fig. 4, the voltages generated by the three coils were superimposed to reach 2.2V at a vibration frequency of 2Hz, and the generated currents were superimposed to reach a current of 2.21 mA; the voltage generated by the three coils reaches 23.2V after superposition at the vibration frequency of 7Hz, and the generated current reaches 53mA after superposition;
the electromagnetic power generation submodule utilizes the characteristic that a third magnet and a fourth magnet have the same polarity and have repulsive force, and the third magnet continuously cuts magnetic induction lines of the first magnetic induction coil 11, the second magnetic induction coil 12 and the third magnetic induction coil 13 to generate induction current;
the energy management module is used for rectifying the piezoelectric power generation current, the friction power generation current and the electromagnetic power generation current into direct currents respectively by utilizing a rectifier bridge, then connecting the piezoelectric power generation current, the friction power generation current and the electromagnetic power generation current in parallel, pre-storing the electric energy into a capacitor, and outputting the electric energy to an energy storage capacitor to supply power for an electronic device when the voltage between two ends of the capacitor reaches a preset voltage;
the energy management module includes:
the piezoelectric rectifier sub-module is used for rectifying piezoelectric power generation current to obtain piezoelectric direct current;
the friction rectifier sub-module is used for rectifying friction power generation current to obtain friction direct current;
the electromagnetic rectifier sub-module is used for rectifying electromagnetic power generation current to obtain electromagnetic direct current;
the piezoelectric rectifier sub-module is composed of a first rectifier and a second rectifier; the friction rectifier sub-module consists of a third rectifier and a fourth rectifier; the electromagnetic current rectifying sub-module is composed of a fifth rectifier, a sixth rectifier and a seventh rectifier; rectifying the acquired electric energy in an alternating current form into direct current and storing the direct current, and reducing electric energy loss to the greatest extent through full-wave rectification;
the scheme adopts the diode of IN5817 model to automatically build the rectifier bridge, thereby avoiding electric energy loss and ensuring the rectification efficiency to be as high as 97.9%;
the input end of the first rectifier is connected with the first electrode 6 and the beryllium copper alloy plate 3 respectively; the input end of the second rectifier is respectively connected with the second electrode 7 and the beryllium copper alloy plate 3; the input end of the third rectifier is respectively connected with the first aluminum plate 10 and the first polytetrafluoroethylene layer 14; the input end of the fourth rectifier is respectively connected with the second aluminum plate 17 and the second polytetrafluoroethylene layer 16; the input ends of the fifth rectifier are respectively connected with the two ends of the first magnetic induction coil 11; the input end of the sixth rectifier is respectively connected with two ends of the second magnetic induction coil 12; the input end of the seventh rectifier is respectively connected with two ends of the third magnetic induction coil 13;
the first rectifier output end, the second rectifier output end, the third rectifier output end, the fourth rectifier output end, the fifth rectifier output end, the sixth rectifier output end and the seventh rectifier output end are connected in parallel and then connected with the electric energy management submodule; respectively converting alternating currents acquired by the friction power generation sub-module, the electromagnetic power generation sub-module and the piezoelectric power generation sub-module into direct currents through the rectifiers, connecting the direct currents in parallel, and then inputting the direct currents into the electric energy management sub-module for storage;
the electric energy management submodule is used for receiving direct current obtained by parallelly connecting piezoelectric direct current, friction direct current and electromagnetic direct current, pre-storing electric energy into a capacitor, and outputting the electric energy to the energy storage capacitor to supply power for an electronic device when the voltage at two ends of the capacitor reaches a preset voltage;
the rectified electric energy is converted into direct current, but still in a pulse form, and cannot directly supply power to an electronic device, so that a simple capacitor is selected for charging, a circuit is built and tested, about 400 commercial LED lamps can be lightened easily only by slightly shaking the watch, meanwhile, the watch is used as the electronic device, and the electric energy generated by shaking can also supply power to the watch;
although the rectifying and storing mode has certain effect, the electric energy waste is higher, the output voltage cannot be controlled, and the damage to the rear-end electronic device is easy to occur; therefore, the electric energy management submodule is utilized to effectively pre-store the electric energy into the energy storage capacitor through cold start-boost-buck management-undervoltage protection-maximum power point tracking and other methods of the direct current after front end rectification;
as shown in fig. 5, the power management submodule includes an energy management chip U1 with a model BQ25570, an input strip P1, an output strip P2, a module adjustment strip P3, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, an inductor L1, an inductor L2, an energy storage capacitor CT1, an energy storage capacitor CT2, and a diode D1;
the 1 st pin and the 2 nd pin of the input row socket P1 are grounded; the 2 nd pin of the input row socket P1 is connected with the 5 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 3 rd pin of the input row socket P1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R1, one end of the capacitor C1, the 2 nd pin of the energy management chip U1 and one end of the inductor L1; the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded; the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a 20 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of the resistor R2; the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the 1 st pin of the module adjusting socket P3 and grounded; the 2 nd pin of the module adjusting socket P3 is connected with the 13 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 3 rd pin of the module adjusting socket P3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R3 and the 3 rd pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded; the 4 th pin of the module adjusting row socket P3 is connected with the 6 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 5 th pin of the module adjusting socket P3 is respectively connected with the 6 th pin, one end of the capacitor C2, one end of the capacitor C3 and the 19 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the capacitor C2 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are grounded; the 0 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is grounded; the 7 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R4 and one end of a resistor R5; the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected with the 8 th pin of the energy management chip U1, one end of the resistor R6 and one end of the resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected with a 10 th pin of the energy management chip U1 and one end of the resistor R6; the other end of the resistor R7 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R8 and the 11 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R9 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R10 and a 12 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R10 and the 9 th pin of the energy management chip U1 are grounded; the 14 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L2, one end of the capacitor C5, one end of the capacitor C6 and the 3 rd pin of the output socket P2; the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a 16 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the capacitor C5 and the other end of the capacitor C6 are grounded; the 4 th pin of the output socket P2 is grounded; the 15 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is grounded; the 2 nd pin of the output socket P2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R11, one end of an energy storage capacitor CT2, one end of a capacitor C7, one end of an energy storage capacitor CT1 and the 18 th pin of an energy management chip U1; the other end of the energy storage capacitor CT1, the other end of the capacitor C7, the other end of the energy storage capacitor CT2 and the 1 st pin of the output socket P2 are all grounded; the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the anode of the diode D1; the cathode of the diode D1 is grounded; and the 17 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is grounded.
The electric energy management submodule is utilized to effectively pre-store electric energy into a capacitor through methods such as cold start-boost-buck management-undervoltage protection-maximum power point tracking and the like on direct current obtained through rectification, and the electric energy is output into a rear-end energy storage capacitor after a certain voltage is reached; as shown in fig. 6, the built power management circuit is tested, and capacitors with different capacities are charged under the condition of 7 Hz; when the power management circuit is started to vibrate in 0s, the power generation unit is used for charging the capacitor, vibration is stopped after 5s, at the moment, the power generation unit does not work any more, but the capacitor still keeps in a continuously charged state, and the reason is that the power management circuit is provided with the energy pre-storage capacitor, and after the power supply end stops supplying power, the capacitor still can be continuously charged by taking the hysteresis function as the capacitor, so that the rectification efficiency is as high as 74.6%.
Claims (5)
1. The piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic suspension type composite energy collecting and managing device is characterized by comprising:
a device housing for protecting the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module;
the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module is used for respectively generating piezoelectric power generation current, friction power generation current and electromagnetic power generation current through piezoelectric power generation, friction power generation and electromagnetic power generation;
the energy management module is used for rectifying the piezoelectric power generation current, the friction power generation current and the electromagnetic power generation current into direct currents respectively by utilizing a rectifier bridge, then connecting the piezoelectric power generation current, the friction power generation current and the electromagnetic power generation current in parallel, pre-storing the electric energy into a capacitor, and outputting the electric energy to an energy storage capacitor to supply power for an electronic device when the voltage between two ends of the capacitor reaches a preset voltage;
the energy management module includes:
the piezoelectric rectifier sub-module is used for rectifying piezoelectric power generation current to obtain piezoelectric direct current;
the friction rectifier sub-module is used for rectifying friction power generation current to obtain friction direct current;
the electromagnetic rectifier sub-module is used for rectifying electromagnetic power generation current to obtain electromagnetic direct current;
the electric energy management submodule is used for receiving direct current obtained by parallelly connecting piezoelectric direct current, friction direct current and electromagnetic direct current, pre-storing electric energy into a capacitor, and outputting the electric energy to the energy storage capacitor to supply power for an electronic device when the voltage at two ends of the capacitor reaches a preset voltage;
the electric energy management submodule comprises an energy management chip U1 with the model of BQ25570, an input row plug P1, an output row plug P2, a module adjusting row plug P3, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, an inductor L1, an inductor L2, an energy storage capacitor CT1, an energy storage capacitor CT2 and a diode D1;
the 1 st pin and the 2 nd pin of the input row socket P1 are grounded; the 2 nd pin of the input row socket P1 is connected with the 5 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 3 rd pin of the input row socket P1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R1, one end of the capacitor C1, the 2 nd pin of the energy management chip U1 and one end of the inductor L1; the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded; the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a 20 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of the resistor R2; the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the 1 st pin of the module adjusting socket P3 and grounded; the 2 nd pin of the module adjusting socket P3 is connected with the 13 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 3 rd pin of the module adjusting socket P3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R3 and the 3 rd pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded; the 4 th pin of the module adjusting row socket P3 is connected with the 6 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the 5 th pin of the module adjusting socket P3 is respectively connected with the 6 th pin, one end of the capacitor C2, one end of the capacitor C3 and the 19 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the capacitor C2 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are grounded; the 0 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is grounded; the 7 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R4 and one end of a resistor R5; the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected with the 8 th pin of the energy management chip U1, one end of the resistor R6 and one end of the resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected with a 10 th pin of the energy management chip U1 and one end of the resistor R6; the other end of the resistor R7 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R8 and the 11 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R9 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R10 and a 12 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R10 and the 9 th pin of the energy management chip U1 are grounded; the 14 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L2, one end of the capacitor C5, one end of the capacitor C6 and the 3 rd pin of the output socket P2; the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a 16 th pin of the energy management chip U1; the other end of the capacitor C5 and the other end of the capacitor C6 are grounded; the 4 th pin of the output socket P2 is grounded; the 15 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is grounded; the 2 nd pin of the output socket P2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R11, one end of an energy storage capacitor CT2, one end of a capacitor C7, one end of an energy storage capacitor CT1 and the 18 th pin of an energy management chip U1; the other end of the energy storage capacitor CT1, the other end of the capacitor C7, the other end of the energy storage capacitor CT2 and the 1 st pin of the output socket P2 are all grounded; the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the anode of the diode D1; the cathode of the diode D1 is grounded; and the 17 th pin of the energy management chip U1 is grounded.
2. The piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic levitation type composite energy collection and management device of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module comprises:
the piezoelectric power generation sub-module is used for generating piezoelectric power generation current through piezoelectric power generation;
the friction power generation sub-module is used for generating friction power generation current through friction power generation;
and the electromagnetic power generation and generation module is used for generating electromagnetic power generation current through electromagnetic power generation.
3. The piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic suspension type composite energy collection and management device according to claim 2, wherein the piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic power generation module is composed of a first magnet (1), a second magnet (2), a beryllium copper alloy plate (3), a first piezoelectric ceramic plate (4), a second piezoelectric ceramic plate (5), a first electrode (6), a second electrode (7), a first fixing plate (8), a second fixing plate (9), a first aluminum plate (10), a first magnetic induction coil (11), a second magnetic induction coil (12), a third magnetic induction coil (13), a first polytetrafluoroethylene layer (14), a third magnet (15), a second polytetrafluoroethylene layer (16), a second aluminum plate (17), a third fixing plate (18) and a fourth magnet (19);
the first magnet (1) and the second magnet (2) are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of one end of the beryllium copper alloy plate (3); one side of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece (4) is connected with the middle part of the upper side of the beryllium copper alloy plate (3); the other side of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece (4) is connected with a first electrode (6); one side of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece (5) is connected with the middle part of the lower side of the beryllium copper alloy plate (3); the other side of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece (5) is connected with a second electrode (7); the first electrode (6), the second electrode (7) and the beryllium copper alloy plate (3) are connected with the energy management module; the first fixing plate (8) and the second fixing plate (9) are oppositely arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the other end of the beryllium copper alloy plate (3); the first aluminum plate (10) is arranged below the second fixing plate (9); the first magnetic induction coil (11), the second magnetic induction coil (12) and the third magnetic induction coil (13) are all arranged below the first aluminum plate (10) from top to bottom; the first magnetic induction coil (11), the second magnetic induction coil (12) and the third magnetic induction coil (13) are all connected with the energy management module; the first polytetrafluoroethylene layer (14), the third magnet (15) and the second polytetrafluoroethylene layer (16) are arranged inside the first magnetic induction coil (11), the second magnetic induction coil (12) and the third magnetic induction coil (13) from top to bottom; the second aluminum plate (17) is arranged below the third magnetic induction coil (13); the third fixing plate (18) is arranged below the second aluminum plate (17); the first aluminum plate (10), the second aluminum plate (17), the first polytetrafluoroethylene layer (14) and the second polytetrafluoroethylene layer (16) are all connected with the energy management module; the fourth magnet (19) is arranged below the third fixing plate (18).
4. The piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic suspension type composite energy collection and management device according to claim 3, wherein the piezoelectric power generation sub-module is composed of a first magnet (1), a second magnet (2), a beryllium copper alloy plate (3), a first piezoelectric ceramic plate (4), a second piezoelectric ceramic plate (5), a first electrode (6), a second electrode (7), a first fixing plate (8) and a second fixing plate (9);
the friction power generation sub-module is composed of a first aluminum plate (10), a first polytetrafluoroethylene layer (14), a second polytetrafluoroethylene layer (16) and a second aluminum plate (17);
the electromagnetic power generation sub-module is composed of a first magnetic induction coil (11), a second magnetic induction coil (12), a third magnetic induction coil (13), a third magnet (15), a third fixing plate (18) and a fourth magnet (19).
5. The piezoelectric-friction-electromagnetic levitation type composite energy collection and management device of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric rectifier sub-module is composed of a first rectifier and a second rectifier; the friction rectifier sub-module consists of a third rectifier and a fourth rectifier; the electromagnetic rectifier sub-module is composed of a fifth rectifier, a sixth rectifier and a seventh rectifier;
the input end of the first rectifier is respectively connected with the first electrode (6) and the beryllium copper alloy plate (3); the input end of the second rectifier is respectively connected with the second electrode (7) and the beryllium copper alloy plate (3); the input end of the third rectifier is respectively connected with the first aluminum plate (10) and the first polytetrafluoroethylene layer (14); the input end of the fourth rectifier is respectively connected with the second aluminum plate (17) and the second polytetrafluoroethylene layer (16); the input end of the fifth rectifier is connected with two ends of the first magnetic induction coil (11) respectively; the input end of the sixth rectifier is connected with two ends of the second magnetic induction coil (12) respectively; the input end of the seventh rectifier is connected with two ends of the third magnetic induction coil (13) respectively;
the first rectifier output end, the second rectifier output end, the third rectifier output end, the fourth rectifier output end, the fifth rectifier output end, the sixth rectifier output end and the seventh rectifier output end are connected in parallel and then connected with the electric energy management submodule.
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