CN110571903A

CN110571903A - vibration self-generating control integrated battery

Info

Publication number: CN110571903A
Application number: CN201910951923.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 普世平; 李志勇; 李欣然; 陈有根; 危韧勇; 黄挚雄
Original assignee: Central South University
Current assignee: Central South University
Priority date: 2019-10-09
Filing date: 2019-10-09
Publication date: 2019-12-13

Abstract

this patent has designed a vibration spontaneous electrical control integrated form battery, catches vibration energy and battery charging control function integration in an organic whole, possesses the ability of generating electricity under the vibration condition. The battery comprises four parts, namely (10) a standard battery shell, (20) a vibration energy capturing and boosting module, (30) a battery charging module and (40) a control module. Wherein, (10) design according to standard battery size, integrate (20), (30), (40) inside; (20) the device comprises a vibration energy capturing unit, a Boost voltage booster circuit and a cache capacitor; (30) the battery charging circuit comprises a Buck-Boost charging circuit, an anti-reverse/protection circuit and a battery body; (40) and the system is responsible for maximum power point tracking and charging control of energy capture. The battery has the characteristics of autonomous charging function, high efficiency of energy conversion, integration of self-power generation and battery energy storage and the like, can effectively improve the cruising ability of the battery, and solves the problems of inconvenient external charging or battery replacement and the like.

Description

Vibration self-generating control integrated battery

Technical Field

A self-generating battery relates to a vibrating micro-electromechanical energy capturing technology and a battery charging control integrated technology, and belongs to the field of battery integrated devices with self-generating functions.

Background

With the development of times and the progress of scientific technology, the capacity of batteries used in life is continuously increased and the volume is continuously reduced, but the endurance problem of the batteries is not fundamentally solved all the time nowadays, the further development of modern battery technology is hindered, the batteries are frequently replaced due to the exhaustion of the electric quantity of the batteries, and the discarded batteries cause huge pollution to the environment. Aiming at the problem of battery endurance at present, on one hand, the battery capacity needs to be continuously increased, the service life of the battery is prolonged, but the battery volume is inevitably increased, and on the other hand, the technical breakthrough of the self-generating battery is also a way for solving the problem. Under the background, self-generating batteries using energy capture technology have been rapidly developed in recent years due to their unique advantages.

the energy capture is an energy conversion mode for converting other energy (such as wind energy, solar energy and vibration mechanical energy) in the environment into electric energy, and since the mechanical vibration in the living environment is ubiquitous, has the characteristics of wide range, large influence and easy generation of noise pollution, the vibration type micro-electromechanical energy capture technology can be adopted to capture the ambient vibration energy, convert the ambient vibration energy into electric energy for storage and utilization, and increase the energy source while eliminating the noise pollution, so that the development and utilization of the vibration energy become one of the hot spots of research in various countries.

At present, the vibration type energy capture also has a technical short plate, and needs to be emphasized and broken through in future research, and the defects are mainly focused on the insufficient research and application of novel high-efficiency piezoelectric materials; there is mutual interference between the different types of vibrational energy capture; the vibration type energy capture output power is low, the energy conversion efficiency is low, and the like.

At present, although a certain technical short board exists in the vibration type energy capture technology, the solid-state battery combined with the technology can effectively solve the battery endurance problem, and has a wide application prospect. A large amount of vibration energy sources exist in daily life, such as vehicle-mounted storage batteries, handheld communication equipment, computer keyboards and the like, mechanical energy can be collected, converted and stored into a rechargeable battery, on one hand, the cyclic utilization rate of energy is improved, and meanwhile, non-pollution energy is used, so that the energy utilization is more green and environment-friendly, and good comprehensive benefits are achieved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to fully utilize the residual vibration energy source of mechanical devices during vibration and promote the development of self-generating batteries, the invention designs a vibration type self-generating battery which utilizes an external device to generate electricity by vibration and store and utilize the electricity.

The principle of vibration power generation by using a mechanical device is based on a vibration energy capture technology, and the technology mainly comprises three conversion modes of static electricity, piezoelectric electricity and permanent magnet nowadays. The electrostatic energy capture device can be combined with a micro-electro-mechanical system, but needs an additional voltage source for initialization conversion, and has larger application limit; the piezoelectric energy capture device mainly adopts piezoelectric materials, the piezoelectric materials are made to become media for energy conversion by utilizing the positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric materials, and other forms of energy in the environment are collected and converted, so that the device is stable in piezoelectric performance, strong in environmental adaptability and high in energy conversion efficiency; the technical principle of the permanent magnet energy capture device is Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, and a conductor changing magnetic flux generates electromotive force, i.e. induced voltage, which is in direct proportion to the change rate of the magnetic flux. The power generation mode of the vibration self-power-generation control integrated battery is an electromechanical energy conversion mode, and stable and reliable electric energy can be obtained while the vibration mechanical energy of a mechanical device is consumed through conversion of external vibration mechanical energy and electric energy in the rechargeable battery.

The design scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a vibration spontaneous electrical control integrated form battery, need not external power supply or other external energy input, can absorb outside mechanical device vibration mechanical energy automatically, produces and the storage electric energy, and the device electric energy conversion is strong with the storage capacity, and energy conversion efficiency is high, the stable performance.

The vibrating type self-generating and energy storing process related to the battery comprises the following steps:

the external mechanical device vibrates to generate a large amount of residual vibration energy, so that the vibration energy capturing unit connected with the external mechanical device and the vibration energy capturing unit in the boosting module capture energy to generate capturing voltage;

The output end of the vibration energy capturing unit is connected with a Boost voltage boosting circuit, the generated capturing voltage is boosted through the circuit, and the Boost voltage boosting circuit is regulated and controlled by a maximum power point tracking controller in a control module when the voltage is boosted, so that the output voltage is kept at a maximum power output corresponding value;

The output end of the Boost circuit is connected with a cache capacitor, and the generated electric energy is temporarily stored in the capacitor in a mode of charging the cache capacitor;

The buffer capacitor is connected with a Buck-Boost charging circuit in the battery charging module, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor gradually rises along with the continuous storage of the electric energy in the buffer capacitor, when the voltage of the capacitor rises to an access threshold value of the battery charging module, the module is put into operation, and the Buck-Boost charging circuit stabilizes the output voltage of the buffer capacitor to a rated value of the input voltage of the charging battery under the control of the charging controller and stores the electric energy into the battery body.

Drawings

The patent is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.

Fig. 1 is an overall structure view of a vibration self-power-generation control integrated battery.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vibration self-generating control integrated mobile phone battery.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vibration self-power-generation control integrated vehicle-mounted battery.

Detailed Description

The invention discloses a vibration self-generating control integrated battery, and introduces an internal structure, device arrangement and a power generation flow. The internal structure comprises a standard battery shell, a vibration energy capturing and boosting module, a battery charging module, a control module and the like, the overall structure among the modules is shown in figure 1, and the vibration self-generating control integrated mobile phone battery is taken as an example to introduce the specific use of the vibration self-generating battery.

The vibration self-power-generation-control integrated mobile phone battery combines the vibration self-power-generation device with the mobile phone battery, has self-power generation capacity and integrated charging control, and is structurally shown in fig. 2. The self-generating battery adopts the vibration energy capturing unit to obtain external energy, adopts the direct current Boost circuit to Boost and capture voltage, adopts the cache capacitor to store electric energy, is integrally packaged to the vibration energy capturing and boosting module, and can be electromagnetically shielded by using ferromagnetic materials and metal good conductor materials outside the self-generating battery.

When a mechanical device outside the vibration self-power-generation control integrated mobile phone battery vibrates, capture voltage is generated in the vibration energy capture unit, the capture voltage is boosted through a Boost voltage boosting circuit and is boosted to a value required by maximum power output under the regulation and control of a maximum power point tracking controller, the output electric energy is collected by a cache capacitor through a lead, when the voltage at two ends of the capacitor reaches a battery charging module access threshold value, a battery charging module is put into operation, the operation process of the Buck-Boost charging circuit is negatively fed back and regulated by a charging controller, and the output voltage of the Buck-Boost charging circuit is stabilized to a rated value of the input voltage of a rechargeable battery body.

Along with the electric energy output of the cache capacitor, the voltage at two ends of the cache capacitor is gradually reduced, and when the voltage of the capacitor is reduced to a cut-off threshold value of the battery charging module, the battery charging module is automatically disconnected from the front-end circuit, so that the working time and the running loss of the circuit are reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved. The battery charging module cutoff threshold is not equal to its access threshold, which is generally larger.

The Buck-Boost charging circuit is connected with the input end of the anti-reverse/protection circuit, the anti-reverse/protection circuit takes an anti-reverse diode and a charging locking signal system as core devices, the positive electrode of the anti-reverse/protection circuit is connected with the Buck-Boost charging circuit, the negative electrode of the anti-reverse/protection circuit is connected with the battery body, the forward flow of current in the battery charging module is ensured, the reverse output of electric energy in the battery body is prevented, the protection is provided for the vibration energy capturing and boosting module and the battery charging module, meanwhile, the anti-reverse diode is conducted when the direct current Buck-Boost charging circuit is connected, and the anti-reverse diode is cut off. The charging locking signal system detects the electric quantity of the battery body in real time, and when the electric quantity reaches the highest limit value, the charging locking signal system releases a charging locking signal to the battery charging module to prevent the battery charging module from continuously charging the battery, prevent the overcharge fault of the battery and provide protection for the battery body.

Except for the vibration self-generating control integrated mobile phone battery, the self-generating battery can be combined with a common vehicle-mounted storage battery, the acceleration and deceleration and the vertical bumping of a vehicle are taken as vibration energy sources, and the vibration self-generating control integrated vehicle-mounted storage battery is formed by combination, and the specific structure is shown in figure 3.

The beneficial effects and practical significance of the invention are as follows: this vibrating is from generating electricity battery is arranged in the continuous vibration environment of daily life, use surplus mechanical energy in the external environment as the energy source, turn into the electric energy and save mechanical energy, avoid the waste of unnecessary mechanical energy and the production of vibration noise, help the cleanness and the high-efficient of energy utilization, simultaneously this vibration is from generating electricity control integrated form battery rational utilization vibration energy on the external utensil, the device is simple, the integrated level is high, the cost is lower, no pollution and realize the high-efficient cyclic utilization of energy to the environment, it is the realization of vibrating electricity generation in the application, it has important meaning to promoting the development from generating electricity battery.

Claims

1. A vibration self-power-generation control integrated battery is characterized in that: the vibration energy capturing and boosting device comprises a standard battery shell (10), a vibration energy capturing and boosting module (20), a battery charging module (30) and a control module (40). The battery (10) is designed according to the size of a standard battery, the batteries (20), (30) and (40) are all integrated inside, and the external electrodes of the batteries are correspondingly connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery (30); the (20) converts the vibration mechanical energy in the environment into electric energy; the (30) receives the electric energy of the (20) and charges a battery; the (40) is responsible for vibration energy capture maximum power tracking control and battery charging control.

2. The (20) vibrational energy captures and steps up the module, characterized in that: the device comprises three functional units, namely (21) a vibration energy capturing unit, (22) a Boost circuit and (23) a buffer capacitor. The (21) converts the available vibration or swing mechanical energy into electric energy, the capture and conversion device can adopt one of an electrostatic type, a piezoelectric type and a permanent magnet type, and the environmental characteristics, the different requirements on the battery volume and the conversion efficiency are considered when the capture and conversion device is selected. The (22) is based on a direct current Boost circuit, is subjected to the maximum power point tracking control of the (40), and is used for solving the problems of strong randomness of vibration mechanical energy, unstable captured energy, small captured voltage value and the like of the (21); and the capacitor (23) is used for buffering the intermittent electric energy output by the capacitor (22) in a capacitor, so that fluctuation factors caused by vibration power generation are eliminated.

3. The (30) battery charging module, characterized in that: the battery charging circuit comprises three functional units, namely (31) a Buck-Boost charging circuit, (32) an anti-reverse/protection circuit and (33) a battery body. The (31) takes a direct current Buck-Boost circuit as a basic circuit, and charges the (33) under the regulation and control of the charging of the (40); the (33) generally adopts a lithium ion battery or a lithium iron phosphate battery with excellent charge and discharge performance, higher energy density, longer cycle life and lower recovery cost, the (33) provides a power supply for the (40) in the charging process, and the controller is ensured to be continuously available; the battery protection circuit is characterized in that the battery protection circuit (32) is additionally arranged between the battery protection circuit (31) and the battery protection circuit (33), a core device of the battery protection circuit is an anti-reverse diode and a charging locking signal system, the positive electrode of the anti-reverse diode is connected with the output end of the battery protection circuit (31), the negative electrode of the anti-reverse diode is connected with the positive electrode of the battery protection circuit (33), overcharging and electric energy backflow of the battery are prevented, and protection.

4. The (40) control module, characterized by: the system comprises two functional units, namely (41) a maximum power point tracking controller and (42) a charging controller. Said (41) applying a control signal to said (22) to maintain said (22) output power at a maximum value; and the voltage value comparison and judgment of the (23) and the (33) are carried out by the (42), a control signal is applied to the (31), the rated values of the input voltages of the (23) and the (33) are ensured to be consistent at any time, a stable and reliable charging power supply is provided for the battery, and the expected target of vibration type self-generating is achieved.