CN114759602B - Power distribution network acceptance assessment method considering photovoltaic extreme scenes - Google Patents
Power distribution network acceptance assessment method considering photovoltaic extreme scenes Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power distribution network acceptance assessment method considering a photovoltaic extreme scene, which comprises the following steps of: taking extreme scenes of distributed photovoltaics into consideration, establishing a planning model taking grid-connected nodes and capacity of a photovoltaic access distribution network as decision variables, wherein an objective function of the planning model is the maximized capacity and voltage safety margin of a photovoltaic total assembly machine; processing the objective function, and decomposing the objective function into a sub-problem and a main problem; solving a double-layer optimization model of the main problem and the sub-problem by adopting a Benders decomposition method, thereby obtaining the maximum photovoltaic receiving capacity of the power distribution network considering the photovoltaic extreme scene; the invention aims to solve the problem that insufficient consideration of photovoltaic extreme scenes is caused in the traditional power distribution network acceptance capacity assessment method, and the maximum acceptance capacity of the power distribution network is assessed more accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power distribution network evaluation, and particularly relates to a power distribution network acceptance evaluation method considering photovoltaic extreme scenes.
Background
The distributed photovoltaic output in the power distribution network has uncertainty, and in order to evaluate the photovoltaic acceptance of the power distribution network, extreme scenes of the photovoltaic output need to be considered. In the existing power distribution network acceptance assessment method, only uncertainty of a configuration mode is often considered, extreme cases of photovoltaic output are less considered, in fact, photovoltaic is greatly affected by environment, stronger uncertainty exists, and extreme scenes are easily ignored by deterministic photovoltaic output, so that safe and stable operation of a power distribution network is affected.
At present, mathematical optimization evaluation methods for the photovoltaic acceptance of the power distribution network mainly comprise an analysis method, an intelligent optimization method, a random scene simulation method and the like; the analytic method has the advantages that the calculation speed is high, the result is relatively accurate, but a refined power distribution network and a photovoltaic model are required to be constructed, and the unified model of different photovoltaic configuration modes is difficult to characterize, so that the evaluation result is optimistic; the intelligent optimization method is simple in thought, but the analysis result still corresponds to the optimal photovoltaic matching mode, and the evaluation result is optimistic; the random scene simulation method can better describe the uncertainty of the photovoltaic by generating a large number of scenes which can actually happen, and the evaluation result is accurate.
When the photovoltaic acceptance of the power distribution network is evaluated, the occurrence probability of the extreme scene of the photovoltaic is smaller, but the influence is larger; therefore, based on the problems, in order to compensate for the problem that the conventional power distribution network acceptance ability assessment method is insufficient in consideration of the photovoltaic extreme scene, the invention provides a power distribution network acceptance ability assessment method considering the photovoltaic extreme scene.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention respectively constructs a main problem with the photovoltaic access capacity as a target and a sub problem with the voltage safety margin as a target, adopts a Benders decomposition method to solve the main problem and the sub problem, and provides a power distribution network acceptance assessment method considering the photovoltaic extreme scene.
The invention solves the technical problems by adopting the following technical scheme:
the power distribution network acceptance assessment method considering the photovoltaic extreme scene comprises the following steps:
taking extreme scenes of distributed photovoltaics into consideration, establishing a planning model taking grid-connected nodes and capacity of a photovoltaic access distribution network as decision variables, wherein an objective function of the planning model is the maximized capacity and voltage safety margin of a photovoltaic total assembly machine:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for photovoltaic installation total capacity, μ i A variable of 0-1, a value of 1 indicates that the node i is connected with the photovoltaic, a value of 0 indicates that the node i is not connected with the photovoltaic, C pv，i Photovoltaic installed capacity for node i; lambda (lambda) U For voltage safetyFull margin, u is the square of the node voltage amplitude, maxu is the maximum of all node voltage amplitude squares, +.>Square the maximum allowed node voltage magnitude;
processing the objective function, and decomposing the objective function into a sub-problem and a main problem; the sub-problems are: through the input photovoltaic output interval, searching for the photovoltaic and extreme scene which makes the voltage lifting of the power distribution network most obvious, namely, the voltage safety margin is minimum:
in the sub-problem, the photovoltaic installation position and installation capacity of the main problem are known amounts, P pv，i For unknown quantity, constraint conditions comprise constraint conditions of LinDistFlow flow constraint, operation safety constraint and photovoltaic output, solving a sub-problem to obtain an optimal solution, and adding an optimal cutting set to a main problem, wherein the following formula is as follows:
z λ ≥-βλ U (8)
wherein z is λ Is an auxiliary variable;
the main problems are as follows: and solving a photovoltaic configuration scheme which enables the capacity of the total assembly machine to be maximum by utilizing a photovoltaic output extreme scene obtained by solving the sub-problem, and converting the objective function into a minimization problem:
constraint conditions of the minimization problem comprise photovoltaic configuration constraint, linDistFlow flow constraint and operation safety constraint;
and solving a double-layer optimization model of the main problem and the sub-problem by adopting a Benders decomposition method, thereby obtaining the photovoltaic maximum admittance capacity of the power distribution network considering the photovoltaic extreme scene.
Further, the method for solving the double-layer optimization model of the main problem and the sub-problem by adopting the Benders decomposition method comprises the following steps:
s1 initializing an upper bound UB= +++ of the objective function the lower bound LB = - ≡, randomly selecting a power value in a photovoltaic output interval, solving a main problem, and obtaining a decision variable u i And C pv，i Is set to an initial value of (1); wherein:
LB＝F(u i ，C pv，i ) (11)
s2, solving the obtained u i And C pv，i Substituting the known quantity into the sub-problem to solve so as to obtain a photovoltaic output scene with minimum voltage safety marginUpdating the upper bound of the objective function;
s3, adding an optimal cutting set into the main problem to serve as a constraint condition, and meanwhile obtaining P by the sub-problem pv Substituting the main problem, solving the main problem to obtain a new optimal solution u i And C pv，i Updating the lower bound of the objective function;
s4, judging whether UB-LB is smaller than or equal to delta or not, if not, repeating the steps S2-S3; and if so, stopping iteration to obtain the maximum photovoltaic admission capacity of the power distribution network considering the photovoltaic extreme scene.
Furthermore, the sub-problem is a linear programming problem, and can be solved by adopting a Cplex solver to obtain a photovoltaic output extreme scene with minimum voltage safety marginAnd simultaneously passed back to the main problem as a known variable.
Further, the photovoltaic configuration constraints include capacity constraints and installation summary point constraints, as shown in the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,upper limit of roof available area for node i, < ->Photovoltaic capacity per unit area, +.>Is the maximum number of access nodes.
Further, the linearized branch power flow LinDistFlow constraint is as follows:
wherein P is ij And Q ij Active power and reactive power respectively flowing from node i to node j, P j And Q j Active power and reactive power of node j respectively, R ij And X ij The resistances and reactances of lines i-j, F (j) and Z (j) are the parent and child node sets of node j, respectively, u i And u j The squares of the voltage modulus at node i and node j, respectively.
Further, the operation safety constraint comprises a voltage and current safety operation constraint:
in U min And U max Lower and upper limits respectively defined for safe operation of the voltage, I ij，max For the maximum current carrying capacity of line i-j,approximate +.>u root Is the square of the voltage modulus of the root node. .
Further, the constraint condition of the photovoltaic output is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,and pv Pthe lower limit and the upper limit of the output of the unit photovoltaic installed capacity are respectively, P pv，i And Q pv，i Photovoltaic active power for node i, +.>The power factor angle representing the minimum power factor of the photovoltaic.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention aims to solve the problem that insufficient consideration of photovoltaic extreme scenes is caused in the traditional power distribution network acceptance capacity assessment method, and the maximum acceptance capacity of the power distribution network is assessed more accurately.
Drawings
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but it should be understood that these drawings are designed for the purpose of illustration only and thus are not limiting the scope of the present invention. Moreover, unless specifically indicated otherwise, the drawings are intended to conceptually illustrate the structural configurations described herein and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the admitting capability of a power distribution network considering a photovoltaic extreme scene according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
First, it should be noted that the following detailed description of the specific structure, characteristics, advantages, and the like of the present invention will be given by way of example, however, all descriptions are merely illustrative, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way. Furthermore, any single feature described or implied in the embodiments mentioned herein, or any single feature shown or implied in the figures, may nevertheless be continued in any combination or pruning between these features (or equivalents thereof) to obtain still further embodiments of the invention that may not be directly mentioned herein.
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the power distribution network acceptance assessment method considering the photovoltaic extreme scene provided in the embodiment includes the following steps:
taking extreme scenes of distributed photovoltaics into consideration, establishing a planning model taking grid-connected nodes and capacity of a photovoltaic access distribution network as decision variables, wherein an objective function of the planning model is the maximized capacity and voltage safety margin of a photovoltaic total assembly machine:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for photovoltaic installation total capacity, μ i A variable of 0-1, a value of 1 indicates that the node i is connected with the photovoltaic, a value of 0 indicates that the node i is not connected with the photovoltaic, C pv，i Photovoltaic installed capacity for node i; lambda (lambda) U For the voltage safety margin, u is the square of the node voltage amplitude, maxu is the maximum of all node voltage amplitude squares,,, a->The two maximization objective functions are converted into a minimization single objective function for the square of the maximum allowable node voltage amplitude, and the minimization single objective function is shown as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,total active power for feeder load. α and β are coefficients of an objective function, respectively, and α+β=1, α, β is greater than or equal to 0, and smaller α and larger β mean higher requirements for voltage safety margin of the polar scene, whereas lower requirements for voltage safety margin are indicated, and α=β=0.5 is desirable to avoid too conservative or too optimistic evaluation results.
Processing the objective function, and decomposing the objective function into a sub-problem and a main problem; the sub-problems are: through the input photovoltaic output interval, searching for the photovoltaic and extreme scene which makes the voltage lifting of the power distribution network most obvious, namely, the voltage safety margin is minimum:
in the sub-problem, the photovoltaic installation position and installation capacity of the main problem are known amounts, P pv，i For unknown quantity, constraint conditions comprise constraint conditions of LinDistFlow flow constraint, operation safety constraint and photovoltaic output, solving a sub-problem to obtain an optimal solution, and adding an optimal cutting set to a main problem, wherein the following formula is as follows:
z λ ≥-βλ U (8)
wherein z is λ Is an auxiliary variable;
the main problems are as follows: and solving a photovoltaic configuration scheme which enables the capacity of the total assembly machine to be maximum by utilizing a photovoltaic output extreme scene obtained by solving the sub-problem, and converting the objective function into a minimization problem:
the constraint conditions of the minimization problem comprise photovoltaic configuration constraint, linDistFlow flow constraint and operation safety constraint,extreme scene of photovoltaic output obtained by solving sub-problemsAs a known quantity, photovoltaic access location u i And installed capacity C pv，i As a decision variable, solving a main problem;
and solving a double-layer optimization model of the main problem and the sub-problem by adopting a Benders decomposition method, thereby obtaining the photovoltaic maximum admittance capacity of the power distribution network considering the photovoltaic extreme scene.
Specifically, the method for solving the double-layer optimization model of the main problem and the sub-problem by adopting the Benders decomposition method comprises the following steps:
s1 initializing an upper bound UB= +++ of the objective function the lower bound LB = - ≡, randomly selecting a power value in a photovoltaic output interval, solving a main problem, and obtaining a decision variable u i And C pv，i Is set to an initial value of (1); wherein:
LB＝F(u i ,C pv，i ) (11)
s2, solving the obtained u i And C pv，i Substituting the known quantity into the sub-problem to solve so as to obtain a photovoltaic output scene with minimum voltage safety marginUpdating the upper bound of the objective function;
s3, adding an optimal cutting set into the main problem to serve as a constraint condition, and meanwhile obtaining P by the sub-problem pv Substituting the main problem, solving the main problem to obtain a new optimal solution u i And C pv，i Updating the lower bound of the objective function;
s4, judging whether UB-LB is smaller than or equal to delta or not, if not, repeating the steps S2-S3; and if so, stopping iteration to obtain the maximum photovoltaic admission capacity of the power distribution network considering the photovoltaic extreme scene.
It should be noted thatHowever, the sub-problem is a linear programming problem, and can be solved by adopting a Cplex solver to obtain a photovoltaic output extreme scene with minimum voltage safety marginAnd simultaneously passed back to the main problem as a known variable.
Correspondingly, the photovoltaic configuration constraint comprises a capacity constraint and an installation summary point constraint, and the photovoltaic configuration constraint is shown in the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,upper limit of roof available area for node i, < ->Photovoltaic capacity per unit area, +.>Is the maximum number of access nodes.
The linearized branch power flow LinDistFlow constraint is as follows:
wherein P is ij And Q ij Active power and reactive power respectively flowing from node i to node j, P j And Q j Active power and reactive power of node j respectively, R ij And X ij The resistances and reactances of lines i-j, F (j) and Z (j) are the parent and child node sets of node j, respectively, u i And u j The squares of the voltage modulus at node i and node j, respectively.
The operation safety constraint comprises voltage and current safety operation constraint:
in U min And U max Lower and upper limits respectively defined for safe operation of the voltage, I ij，max For the maximum current carrying capacity of line i-j,approximate +.>u root Is the square of the voltage modulus of the root node. .
The constraint conditions of the photovoltaic output are as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,and pv Pthe lower limit and the upper limit of the output of the unit photovoltaic installed capacity are respectively, P pv，i And Q pv，i Photovoltaic active power for node i, +.>The power factor angle representing the minimum power factor of the photovoltaic.
The foregoing examples illustrate the invention in detail, but are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The power distribution network acceptance assessment method considering the photovoltaic extreme scene is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
taking extreme scenes of distributed photovoltaics into consideration, establishing a planning model taking grid-connected nodes and capacity of a photovoltaic access distribution network as decision variables, wherein an objective function of the planning model is the maximized capacity and voltage safety margin of a photovoltaic total assembly machine:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for photovoltaic installation total capacity, μ i A variable of 0-1, a value of 1 indicates that the node i is connected with the photovoltaic, a value of 0 indicates that the node i is not connected with the photovoltaic, C pv，i Photovoltaic installed capacity for node i; lambda (lambda) U For the voltage safety margin, u is the square of the node voltage amplitude, maxu is the maximum of all node voltage amplitude squares,/->Square the maximum allowed node voltage magnitude;
processing the objective function, and decomposing the objective function into a sub-problem and a main problem; the sub-problems are: through the input photovoltaic output interval, searching for the photovoltaic and extreme scene which makes the voltage lifting of the power distribution network most obvious, namely, the voltage safety margin is minimum:
in the sub-problem, the photovoltaic installation position and installation capacity of the main problem are known amounts, P pv，i For unknown quantity, constraint conditions comprise constraint conditions of LinDistFlow flow constraint, operation safety constraint and photovoltaic output, solving a sub-problem to obtain an optimal solution, and adding an optimal cutting set to a main problem, wherein the following formula is as follows:
z λ ≥-βλ U (8)
wherein z is λ Is taken as an auxiliaryA helper variable;
the main problems are as follows: and solving a photovoltaic configuration scheme which enables the capacity of the total assembly machine to be maximum by utilizing a photovoltaic output extreme scene obtained by solving the sub-problem, and converting the objective function into a minimization problem:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the total active power of the feeder load is; alpha and beta are coefficients of an objective function respectively, alpha+beta=1, alpha, beta is larger than or equal to 0, smaller alpha and larger beta represent higher requirements on voltage safety margin of an extreme scene, and conversely represent lower requirements on voltage safety margin:
constraint conditions of the minimization problem comprise photovoltaic configuration constraint, linDistFlow flow constraint and operation safety constraint;
and solving a double-layer optimization model of the main problem and the sub-problem by adopting a Benders decomposition method, thereby obtaining the photovoltaic maximum admittance capacity of the power distribution network considering the photovoltaic extreme scene.
2. The method for evaluating the acceptance capacity of a power distribution network taking into account photovoltaic extreme scenes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for solving the double-layer optimization model of the main problem and the sub-problem by adopting the Benders decomposition method comprises the following steps:
s1 initializing an upper bound UB= +++ of the objective function the lower bound LB = - ≡, randomly selecting a power value in a photovoltaic output interval, solving a main problem, and obtaining a decision variable u i And C pv，i Is set to an initial value of (1); wherein:
LB＝F(u i ，C pv，i ) (11)
S2、solving the obtained u i And C pv，i Substituting the known quantity into the sub-problem to solve so as to obtain a photovoltaic output scene with minimum voltage safety marginUpdating the upper bound of the objective function;
s3, adding an optimal cutting set into the main problem to serve as a constraint condition, and meanwhile obtaining P by the sub-problem pv Substituting the main problem, solving the main problem to obtain a new optimal solution u i And C pv，i Updating the lower bound of the objective function;
s4, judging whether UB-LB is smaller than or equal to delta or not, if not, repeating the steps S2-S3; and if so, stopping iteration to obtain the maximum photovoltaic admission capacity of the power distribution network considering the photovoltaic extreme scene.
3. The method for evaluating the acceptance capacity of a power distribution network taking into account photovoltaic extreme scenes according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the sub-problem is a linear programming problem, and can be solved by adopting a Cplex solver to obtain a photovoltaic output extreme scene with minimum voltage safety marginAnd simultaneously passed back to the main problem as a known variable.
4. The method for evaluating the acceptance capacity of a power distribution network taking into account photovoltaic extreme scenes according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the photovoltaic configuration constraints include capacity constraints and installation summary point constraints, as shown in the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,upper limit of roof available area for node i, < ->Photovoltaic capacity per unit area, +.>Is the maximum number of access nodes.
5. The method for evaluating the acceptance capacity of a power distribution network taking into account photovoltaic extreme scenes according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the LinDistFlow flow constraint is:
wherein P is ij And Q ij Active power and reactive power respectively flowing from node i to node j, P j And Q j Active power and reactive power of node j respectively, R ij And X ij The resistances and reactances of lines i-j, F (j) and Z (j) are the parent and child node sets of node j, respectively, u i And u j The squares of the voltage modulus at node i and node j, respectively.
6. The method for evaluating the acceptance capacity of a power distribution network taking into account photovoltaic extreme scenes according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the operation safety constraint comprises voltage and current safety operation constraint:
in U min And U max Lower and upper limits respectively defined for safe operation of the voltage, I ij，max For the maximum current carrying capacity of line i-j,approximate +.>u root Is the square of the voltage modulus of the root node.
7. The method for evaluating the acceptance capacity of a power distribution network taking into account photovoltaic extreme scenes according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the constraint conditions of the photovoltaic output are as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,and->The lower limit and the upper limit of the output of the unit photovoltaic installed capacity are respectively, P pv，i And Q pv，i Photovoltaic active power for node i, +.>The power factor angle representing the minimum power factor of the photovoltaic.
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