CN114754923A - Wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device and method for chassis dynamometer - Google Patents

Wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device and method for chassis dynamometer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114754923A
CN114754923A CN202210415551.9A CN202210415551A CN114754923A CN 114754923 A CN114754923 A CN 114754923A CN 202210415551 A CN202210415551 A CN 202210415551A CN 114754923 A CN114754923 A CN 114754923A
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China
Prior art keywords
chassis dynamometer
speed detection
rotating speed
wireless
fault diagnosis
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Pending
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CN202210415551.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
骆蕾
陈清
叶振洲
邵建文
欧阳冰
李健
王孖豪
余崇皓
陈习
杨仁明
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Zhejiang Province Institute of Metrology
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Zhejiang Province Institute of Metrology
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Priority to CN202210415551.9A priority Critical patent/CN114754923A/en
Publication of CN114754923A publication Critical patent/CN114754923A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L25/00Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency
    • G01L25/006Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency for measuring work or mechanical power or mechanical efficiency
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L3/00Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
    • G01L3/24Devices for determining the value of power, e.g. by measuring and simultaneously multiplying the values of torque and revolutions per unit of time, by multiplying the values of tractive or propulsive force and velocity
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/007Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device and a method of a chassis dynamometer, wherein the wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device of the chassis dynamometer comprises a rotating speed detection device, an acquisition system and an upper computer; the rotating speed detection device comprises a magnetic base, a main support, a cross beam, a fastening handle, a bearing, a spring, an auxiliary support, an encoder and a speed measuring wheel; the acquisition system comprises a data acquisition module and a wireless router; the rotation speed detection device is connected with the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is connected with the wireless router, and the wireless router and the upper computer are arranged in the same wireless local area network to transmit data. The wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device of the chassis dynamometer is used for wirelessly monitoring and calibrating the rotating speed of the chassis dynamometer, can diagnose possible faults through sample training and iterative optimization, and has the characteristics of high precision, remote operation and the like.

Description

Wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device and method for chassis dynamometer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of detection speed measuring instruments and mechanical fault diagnosis, in particular to a device and a method for remotely and wirelessly detecting the rotating speed and diagnosing faults of a chassis dynamometer for detecting automobile exhaust pollutants in the working process of the chassis dynamometer.
Background
A chassis dynamometer for detecting automobile exhaust pollutants is special motor vehicle detection equipment and is mainly used for detecting the emission working condition of the automobile exhaust pollutants. The basic principle is that a roller is used for simulating a road surface, a loading device is used for simulating a loading working condition, and various performance indexes such as motor vehicle dynamic property, multi-working-condition emission indexes and fuel indexes under the condition close to the actual state are measured. The chassis dynamometer is widely applied to motor vehicle inspection and detection mechanisms at home and abroad, motor vehicle production, research and development enterprises and other units, and is one of the most important common motor vehicle inspection and detection devices at present. Due to its importance, the overload operation of chassis dynamometers has been a common phenomenon, which makes equipment maintenance and upkeep critical. The dynamometer is relatively complex in equipment, the related influence quantity is large, and equipment faults and fault reasons are difficult to find. In addition, dynamometer equipment requires high-speed operation during detection and calibration, and some mechanisms even require the drum linear velocity to be more than 120km/h during testing by using a chassis dynamometer. When the chassis dynamometer runs at a high speed, a belt and a chain of chassis dynamometer equipment have the danger of falling and flying out under the fault condition, and larger potential safety hazards exist. In extreme cases, even the components such as the dynamometer roller, the bearing and the like fall off and fly out, so that the conditions of vehicle damage and scrapping and personnel casualties are caused.
At present, the problem that the automation degree of detection and calibration of a chassis dynamometer is not high enough exists, manual operation is needed during detection, and man-machine separation cannot be achieved during detection and calibration. Moreover, when the chassis dynamometer is detected and calibrated, devices such as an equipment protection cover and the like need to be opened, so that the working risk of detection personnel is further increased. Meanwhile, toxic gas and inhalable particles which are discharged in large quantity in a detection field can cause damage to the health of detection personnel. In addition, due to the requirement of the detection efficiency of the motor vehicle detection mechanism, when the dynamometer is used for detection and calibration, total station stop line detection cannot be realized, namely, the adjacent lane is still used for vehicle inspection as usual. In the process of vehicle inspection, the vehicle speed is high, and the phenomena of swinging, slipping and even rushing out of the vehicle can be avoided, so that the safety of personnel is endangered. Therefore, a set of remotely operated chassis dynamometer state detection and diagnosis system needs to be researched, so that the accuracy and the reliability of the rotation speed measurement of the chassis dynamometer are ensured, and meanwhile, the equipment fault diagnosis and early warning are realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a device and a method for remotely and wirelessly detecting the rotating speed and diagnosing faults of a chassis dynamometer for detecting automobile exhaust pollutants in the working process of the chassis dynamometer.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
a wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device of a chassis dynamometer comprises a rotating speed detection device, an acquisition system and an upper computer.
The rotating speed detection device comprises a magnetic base, a main support, a cross beam, a fastening handle, a bearing, a spring, an auxiliary support, an encoder and a speed measuring wheel; the bottom end of the main support is connected with the magnetic base through a screw, the cross beam penetrates through the main support and is locked by a fastening handle on the main support, the tail end of the cross beam is connected with the inner ring of the bearing, the front end of the auxiliary support is connected with the outer ring of the bearing, the tail end of the auxiliary support is connected with the fixed end of the encoder, the rotating shaft of the encoder is coaxially connected with the middle shaft of the tachometer wheel, one end of the spring is connected with the cross beam, and the other end of the spring is connected with the auxiliary support.
The acquisition system comprises a data acquisition module and a wireless router.
The rotation speed detection device is connected with the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is connected with the wireless router, and the wireless router and the upper computer are arranged in the same wireless local area network to transmit data.
Furthermore, the pulse signal output port of the encoder is connected with the input/output interface of the data acquisition module through a coaxial cable.
A wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis method of a chassis dynamometer comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adsorbing a magnetic base of the rotating speed detection device on a chassis dynamometer metal table, loosening a fastening handle to enable a speed measuring wheel to be in contact with a chassis dynamometer roller, and locking the fastening handle;
step two: carrying out a typical fault test of the chassis dynamometer, and acquiring speed and acceleration signals of a chassis dynamometer roller in a typical fault state by a data acquisition module; extracting the acquired signals by adopting a variational modal decomposition signal processing method to obtain a data sample of a typical fault type of the chassis dynamometer;
step three: the upper computer establishes a chassis dynamometer fault diagnosis model based on the support vector machine; inputting the data sample into a chassis dynamometer fault diagnosis model, and optimizing the chassis dynamometer fault diagnosis model through fake training and iterative optimization;
step four: and according to the optimized fault diagnosis model, completing fault diagnosis of the chassis dynamometer by detecting the speed and acceleration signals of the drum of the chassis dynamometer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is beneficial to wirelessly monitoring and calibrating the rotating speed of the chassis dynamometer, can diagnose possible faults through sample training and iterative optimization, and has the characteristics of high precision, remote operation and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a wireless rotational speed detection and failure diagnosis apparatus of a chassis dynamometer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the detection and installation of the wireless rotational speed detection and failure diagnosis apparatus of the chassis dynamometer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a basic principle of failure diagnosis of the chassis dynamometer of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a magnetic base, a main support, a beam, a tightening handle, a bearing, a spring, a secondary support, an encoder, a speed measuring wheel, a coaxial cable, a data acquisition module, a network cable, a wireless router and an upper computer, wherein the magnetic base comprises 2, the main support, 3, the beam, 4, the tightening handle, 5, the bearing, 6, the spring, 7, the secondary support, 8, the encoder, 9, the speed measuring wheel, 10, the coaxial cable, 11, the data acquisition module, 12, the network cable, 13, the wireless router and 14; 15. a chassis dynamometer metal table, 16, a chassis dynamometer roller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the wireless rotational speed detection and fault diagnosis device for a chassis dynamometer used for detecting pollutants in exhaust gas of an automobile, provided by the invention, comprises a rotational speed detection device, an acquisition system and an upper computer 14.
The rotation speed detection device comprises a magnetic base 1, a main support 2, a beam 3, a fastening handle 4, a bearing 5, a spring 6, an auxiliary support 7, an encoder 8, a speed measuring wheel 9, wherein the bottom end of the main support 2 is connected with the magnetic base 1 through a screw, the beam 3 penetrates the main support 2 and is locked by the fastening handle 4 on the main support 2, the tail end of the beam 3 is connected with an inner ring of the bearing 5, the front end of the auxiliary support 7 is connected with an outer ring of the bearing 5, the tail end of the auxiliary support 7 is connected with the fixed end of the encoder 8, the rotating shaft of the encoder 8 is coaxially connected with the middle shaft of the speed measuring wheel 9, one end of the spring 6 is connected with the beam 3, and the other end of the spring 6 is connected with the auxiliary support 7.
The acquisition system comprises a data acquisition module and a wireless router, the rotating speed detection device is connected with an input/output interface of the data acquisition module 11 through a coaxial cable 10, the data acquisition module 11 is connected with the wireless router 13 through a network cable 12, and the wireless router 13 and the upper computer 14 are positioned in the same Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and can perform data transmission with each other. In this embodiment, the rotation speed detecting device is adsorbed on the chassis dynamometer metal table 15 by the magnetic base 1. In a free state, the cross beam 3 can drive the auxiliary bracket 7 to rotate around the position of the bearing 5 through the spring 6, so that the position of the speed measuring wheel 9 is adjusted. The tightening handle 4 can constrain the free state of the cross beam 3 and lock its position. During the measurement, the tachometer wheel 9 and the chassis dynamometer roller 16 rotate synchronously to drive the encoder 8 to rotate, so that the encoder 8 outputs a pulse signal related to the rotating speed. The spring 6 functions as a shock absorbing mechanism during measurement, the vibration of the drum 16 of the chassis dynamometer during rotation may cause the flywheel 9 to jump or slide relative to the drum 16, and the spring 6 functions as a shock absorbing mechanism to minimize the influence of the vibration of the drum 16 of the chassis dynamometer during rotation on the rotation speed detection device.
The acquisition system comprises a data acquisition module 11 and a wireless router 13. The rotation speed detection device is connected with an input/output interface of the data acquisition module 11 through the coaxial cable 10, the data acquisition module 11 is connected with the wireless router 13 through the network cable 12, and the wireless router 13 and the upper computer 14 are positioned in the same Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and can perform data transmission mutually.
In this embodiment, the pulse signal output by the encoder 8 is transmitted to the input/output interface of the data acquisition module 11 by the coaxial cable 10, and the acquisition module 11 converts the pulse signal into a digital signal related to the speed through the counter and the timer, and communicates with the upper computer 14 in the same Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) through the wireless router 12, so that the upper computer can acquire the speed of the chassis dynamometer roller 16 at the far end within the coverage range of the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN).
A wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis method of a chassis dynamometer adopts the wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device of the chassis dynamometer to carry out fault diagnosis on the chassis dynamometer by detecting the rotation speed and acceleration change of a chassis dynamometer roller 16 for detecting automobile exhaust pollutants in the working process.
As shown in fig. 3, the specific implementation method includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adsorbing a magnetic base 1 of a rotating speed detection device on a chassis dynamometer metal table 15, loosening a fastening handle 4 to enable a speed measuring wheel 9 to be in contact with a chassis dynamometer roller 16, and locking the fastening handle 4;
step two: carrying out a typical fault test of the chassis dynamometer, and acquiring speed and acceleration signals of a chassis dynamometer roller 16 in a typical fault state by a data acquisition module; extracting the acquired signals by adopting a variational modal decomposition signal processing method to obtain a data sample of a typical fault type of the chassis dynamometer;
step three: the upper computer 14 establishes a chassis dynamometer fault diagnosis model based on a support vector machine, inputs the data samples into the chassis dynamometer fault diagnosis model, and continuously enriches and perfects the chassis dynamometer fault diagnosis model through the fake training and the iterative optimization;
step four: and according to the optimized fault diagnosis model, carrying out chassis dynamometer fault diagnosis by detecting the speed and acceleration signals of the chassis dynamometer roller 16.
In this embodiment, the fault diagnosis designed by the present invention mainly includes a level 1 fault and a level 2 fault. Different levels of fault handling are different, and level 1 fault needs Preventive Maintenance (PM): maintenance work such as inspection, maintenance or replacement of part of parts is performed regularly according to a plan; level 2 failures require pre-repair maintenance (PAM): the equipment and the components thereof clearly and correctly point out the root cause of the problem and carry out damage root cause analysis. The fault diagnosis module has the main function of completing fault diagnosis according to the extracted fault characteristic parameters; the main function of the diagnosis result storage module is to store the diagnosis results of the gears of each group of the dynamometer, generate a report and judge whether a level 1 fault or a level 2 fault occurs.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (3)

1. A wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device of a chassis dynamometer is characterized in that:
comprises a rotating speed detection device, an acquisition system and an upper computer (14);
the rotating speed detection device comprises a magnetic base (1), a main support (2), a cross beam (3), a fastening handle (4), a bearing (5), a spring (6), an auxiliary support (7), an encoder (8) and a speed measuring wheel (9); the bottom end of the main support (2) is connected with the magnetic base (2), the cross beam (3) penetrates through the main support (2) and is locked by a fastening handle (4) on the main support (2), the tail end of the cross beam (3) is connected with an inner ring of a bearing (5), the front end of the auxiliary support (7) is connected with an outer ring of the bearing (5), the tail end of the auxiliary support (7) is connected with the fixed end of an encoder (8), the rotating shaft of the encoder (8) is coaxially connected with the middle shaft of a speed measuring wheel (9), one end of a spring (6) is connected with the cross beam (3), and the other end of the spring (6) is connected with the auxiliary support (7);
The acquisition system comprises a data acquisition module (11) and a wireless router (13);
the rotating speed detection device is connected with the data acquisition module (11), the data acquisition module (11) is connected with the wireless router (13), and the wireless router (13) and the upper computer (14) are arranged in the same wireless local area network to transmit data.
2. The wireless rotational speed detection and failure diagnosis apparatus of a chassis dynamometer according to claim 1, wherein:
and a pulse signal output port of the encoder (8) is connected with an input/output interface of the data acquisition module (11) through a coaxial cable (10).
3. A wireless rotational speed detection and failure diagnosis method of a chassis dynamometer, employing the wireless rotational speed detection and failure diagnosis apparatus of the chassis dynamometer of claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: adsorbing a magnetic base (1) of the rotating speed detection device on a chassis dynamometer metal table (15), loosening a fastening handle (4), enabling a tachometer wheel (9) to be in contact with a chassis dynamometer roller (16), and locking the fastening handle (4);
step two: carrying out a typical fault test of the chassis dynamometer, and acquiring a speed signal and an acceleration signal of a chassis dynamometer roller (16) by a data acquisition module (11) under a typical fault state; extracting the acquired signals by adopting a variational modal decomposition signal processing method to obtain a data sample of a typical fault type of the chassis dynamometer;
Step three: the upper computer (14) establishes a chassis dynamometer fault diagnosis model based on the support vector machine, inputs the data sample into the chassis dynamometer fault diagnosis model, and optimizes the chassis dynamometer fault diagnosis model through the pseudobook training and the iterative optimization;
step four: and according to the optimized fault diagnosis model, the fault diagnosis of the chassis dynamometer is completed by detecting the speed and acceleration signals of a chassis dynamometer roller (16).
CN202210415551.9A 2022-04-20 2022-04-20 Wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device and method for chassis dynamometer Pending CN114754923A (en)

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CN202210415551.9A CN114754923A (en) 2022-04-20 2022-04-20 Wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device and method for chassis dynamometer

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CN202210415551.9A CN114754923A (en) 2022-04-20 2022-04-20 Wireless rotating speed detection and fault diagnosis device and method for chassis dynamometer

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003344225A (en) * 2002-05-23 2003-12-03 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Vehicle control system
CN203083829U (en) * 2013-01-31 2013-07-24 林惠堂 Automobile fault diagnosis system based on tail gas discharge detection adopting simple driving mode
CN203824762U (en) * 2013-12-27 2014-09-10 深圳市安车检测股份有限公司 Drum-type chassis dynamometer gauge
CN204359538U (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-05-27 太仓吉威机械技术有限公司 A kind of high capacity waggon fault detection system
CN110954264A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-03 浙江省计量科学研究院 Wireless state monitoring and diagnosing system of chassis dynamometer for detecting automobile exhaust pollutants
CN114282579A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-05 浙大城市学院 Aviation bearing fault diagnosis method based on variational modal decomposition and residual error network

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003344225A (en) * 2002-05-23 2003-12-03 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Vehicle control system
CN203083829U (en) * 2013-01-31 2013-07-24 林惠堂 Automobile fault diagnosis system based on tail gas discharge detection adopting simple driving mode
CN203824762U (en) * 2013-12-27 2014-09-10 深圳市安车检测股份有限公司 Drum-type chassis dynamometer gauge
CN204359538U (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-05-27 太仓吉威机械技术有限公司 A kind of high capacity waggon fault detection system
CN110954264A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-03 浙江省计量科学研究院 Wireless state monitoring and diagnosing system of chassis dynamometer for detecting automobile exhaust pollutants
CN114282579A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-05 浙大城市学院 Aviation bearing fault diagnosis method based on variational modal decomposition and residual error network

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