CN114754686A - Optical scanning holographic measuring method for thickness of turbine blade coating - Google Patents
Optical scanning holographic measuring method for thickness of turbine blade coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN114754686A CN114754686A CN202210295805.8A CN202210295805A CN114754686A CN 114754686 A CN114754686 A CN 114754686A CN 202210295805 A CN202210295805 A CN 202210295805A CN 114754686 A CN114754686 A CN 114754686A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
Abstract
The application belongs to the field of cooling design of turbine blades, and relates to a light scanning holographic measuring method for the thickness of a coating of a turbine blade, wherein when the thickness of the coating of the blade is measured, the blade sprayed with the coating is firstly installed on a light scanning device through a light scanning technology, the blade is comprehensively scanned through the light scanning device, three-dimensional parameters are recorded, and a first model is formed; carry out the coating spraying after taking off this kind of blade, the blade after the spraying coating is installed on light scanning device again and is carried out comprehensive scanning, records three dimensional parameter, forms the second model, carries out contrastive analysis through leading-in first model and second model to same software and obtains the three dimensional model of coating, just also can accurately obtain the thickness of each position of coating fast. The method has the advantages of being convenient to operate, high in measurement accuracy, capable of effectively avoiding the problem that the thermal barrier coating is damaged in the measurement process, capable of achieving full-automatic measurement and capable of guaranteeing the quality stability and consistency of the thermal barrier coating.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of cooling design of turbine blades, and particularly relates to a light scanning holographic measuring method for the thickness of a coating of a turbine blade.
Background
The thermal barrier coating is an important technology for thermal protection of the guide vane of the high-pressure turbine, and the thickness of the thermal barrier coating directly influences the heat insulation effect of the thermal barrier coating and the temperature bearing capacity of the high-pressure guide vane. The uniformity, quality stability and consistency of the thickness of the thermal barrier coating are guaranteed in production and manufacturing, and one of key factors for guaranteeing the turbine cooling blade to achieve the design target is guaranteed.
The prior method for detecting the thickness of the thermal barrier coating of the turbine blade mainly comprises an eddy current detection technology based on ultrasound and two methods for measuring the thickness of the thermal barrier coating of the anatomical blade by an electron microscope. The eddy current detection technology has low measurement precision, is easy to leave traces on the surface of the coating and has poor measurement consistency; electron microscopy measurements of the thickness of the thermal barrier coating are time consuming and can cause damage to the blade.
The existing thermal barrier coating thickness measuring method mainly comprises an eddy current detection technology based on ultrasound and a method for measuring the thermal barrier coating thickness of an anatomical blade through an electron microscope, and the technology has the following main defects:
1. the eddy current detection technology needs manual operation, the stability and consistency of the measurement result are poor, and the measurement time is long;
2. when the eddy current detection technology is used, contact exists between a measuring tool and a measured thermal barrier coating, scratches can be left on the surface of the thermal barrier coating, and the coating is damaged;
3. the coating thickness data measured by the eddy current detection technology is greatly different from the actual thickness of the coating at the large curvature part of the turbine blade, and the measurement result cannot reflect the actual thickness of the thermal barrier coating;
4. the eddy current detection technology has low measurement precision, is difficult to detect the bottom layer part of the coating with the commonly used double-layer structure and can be influenced by the metal substrate material;
5. the blade is required to be dissected to cause damage to the blade when the thickness of the thermal barrier coating is measured by using an electron microscope;
6. the time consumed for measuring the thickness of the thermal barrier coating by using an electron microscope is long, the engineering requirements are difficult to meet, and the measurement of the thickness of the coating at the position of the specified section is difficult to realize the measurement of the thickness of the all-round coating.
Therefore, how to improve the measurement precision of the thickness of the coating of the turbine blade and realize omnibearing measurement is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a light scanning holographic measuring method for the thickness of a turbine blade coating, and the method is used for solving the problems that the turbine blade in the prior art is poor in measuring precision and difficult to realize all-dimensional measurement.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows: an optical scanning holographic measuring method for thickness of a turbine blade coating comprises the following steps: establishing an optical scanning device, and installing a blade on the optical scanning device; measuring the appearance of a blade which is not sprayed with a coating in a production process by using an optical scanning device, obtaining three-dimensional parameters of the blade, and sending the three-dimensional parameters to post-processing software to form a first model; spraying the blade, measuring the shape of the coated blade by using the optical scanning device again, acquiring three-dimensional parameters of the blade, and sending the three-dimensional parameters to post-processing software to form a second model; importing the first model and the second model into the same software for further processing, and carrying out comparative analysis on the first model and the second model to obtain a coating three-dimensional model; and acquiring the thickness of the coating at each position of the three-dimensional model of the coating.
Preferably, the first model and the second model are imported into UG for processing.
Preferably, the optical scanning device includes a structured light projector, a camera imaging system, a blade mounting mechanism, a projector mounting mechanism, an imaging system mounting mechanism, a projector moving mechanism, an imaging system moving mechanism, and a main controller; blade installation mechanism is used for the installation and adjusts the volume of awaiting measuring blade, projector installation mechanism is used for the installation and adjusts the structured light projector, imaging system installation mechanism is used for the installation and adjusts camera imaging mechanism, projector moving mechanism links to each other with projector installation mechanism and projector moving mechanism is used for driving projector installation mechanism and encircles the blade and move, imaging system moving mechanism links to each other with imaging system installation mechanism and imaging system moving mechanism is used for driving imaging system installation mechanism and removes, main control unit is used for controlling the work of structured light projector, camera imaging system, blade installation mechanism, projector moving mechanism, imaging system moving mechanism.
Preferably, the control method of the optical scanning device is: registering initial positions and initial angles of a structured light projector and a camera imaging system in a main controller; the optical scanning device is in test operation, the structured light projector transmits the light speed to an area of the blade and then transmits the image to the camera imaging system to form a group of images and transmit the images to the main controller; controlling a projector moving mechanism to drive a structured light projector to move to the next position, driving a camera imaging system to move to the next position by an imaging system moving mechanism, enabling the structured light projector and the camera imaging system to work and scan an image at the other position of the blade, and simultaneously transmitting position information, angle information and image information to a main controller; repeating the steps until all the positions of the blade are scanned by the structured light projector and the camera imaging system, and transmitting the position information, the angle information and the model information of the corresponding blade which move each time to the main controller; and the main controller controls the structured light projector, the blade model and the camera imaging system to automatically scan the blades which are not sprayed with the coatings and the blades sprayed with the coatings in the same model according to the position information and the angle system.
According to the optical scanning holographic measuring method for the thickness of the coating of the turbine blade, when the thickness of the coating of the blade is measured, the blade sprayed with the coating is firstly installed on an optical scanning device through an optical scanning technology, the blade is comprehensively scanned through the optical scanning device, three-dimensional parameters are recorded, and a first model is formed; the blade is taken down and then coated, the blade after coating is sprayed is installed on the optical scanning device again to be scanned comprehensively, three-dimensional parameters are recorded, a second model is formed, the first model and the second model are led into the same software to be contrasted and analyzed to obtain a three-dimensional coating model, and the thickness of each position of the coating can be accurately and rapidly obtained. The method has the advantages of convenient operation and high measurement precision, can effectively avoid the problem that the thermal barrier coating is damaged in the measurement process, can realize full-automatic measurement, and ensures the quality stability and consistency of the thermal barrier coating.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions provided by the present application, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly understood that the drawings described below are only illustrative of some embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the optical scanning for measuring the thickness of a turbine blade coating according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic overall flow chart of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional model of an uncoated bucket according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional model of a blade with a coating according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a three-dimensional model of a coating according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
A turbine blade coating thickness optical scanning holographic measuring method is disclosed, as shown in figure 1, a turbine blade is measured by using an optical scanning technology, which has been widely applied in engineering as an advanced measuring technology, in the linear structured light measuring method, the light speed emitted by a laser is diffused to a straight line through a special prism, so that a light plane is projected and is intersected with the surface of a measured object to generate a bright line. The sight line of the camera is intersected with the light plane at the light bar on the measured object, and the conversion relation between the image plane of the camera and the laser light plane is obtained through calibration, so that the spatial position of the point on the image plane corresponding to the laser light plane point can be determined. The first-order intermittent gap of the deviation degree of the object surface light strip can reflect the concave-convex degree and the physical gap of the object surface. The method has short scanning time on the surface of the object and large amount of acquired information. Therefore, the method is adopted to carry out three-dimensional scanning on the object, and three-dimensional information of the surface of the object is obtained.
As shown in fig. 2, the method specifically includes the following steps:
step S100, establishing an optical scanning device, and installing a blade on the optical scanning device;
the optical scanning device comprises a structured light projector, a camera imaging system, a blade mounting mechanism, a projector mounting mechanism, an imaging system mounting mechanism, a projector moving mechanism, an imaging system moving mechanism and a main controller; the blade mounting mechanism is used for mounting the blade to be measured and can adjust the blade at certain angles; the projector mounting mechanism is used for mounting the structured light projector and adjusting the angle of the structured light projector; the imaging system installation mechanism is used for installing the camera imaging mechanism and can adjust the angle of the imaging system installation mechanism; the projector moving mechanism is connected with the projector mounting mechanism and used for driving the projector mounting mechanism to move around the blade, the imaging system moving mechanism is connected with the imaging system mounting mechanism and used for driving the imaging system mounting mechanism to move, and the main controller is used for controlling the work of the structured light projector, the camera imaging system, the blade mounting mechanism, the projector moving mechanism and the imaging system moving mechanism.
When the blade or the coating on the blade is scanned, the blade is positioned through the structural blade mounting mechanism, the relative positions of the blade, the structured light projector and the camera imaging system can be accurately determined, then the structured light projector capable of comprehensively scanning the blade, each position node required to reach of the camera imaging system and the corresponding angle are planned, after the planning is completed, each mechanism is driven to act through a trial operation mode, the position and angle information of the blade of the corresponding model is recorded, and thus the blade and the spraying blade which are not sprayed with the coating and have the same model can be accurately and automatically scanned in a full-scale mode.
As a specific embodiment, the method further includes a control method of the optical scanning device, specifically:
registering initial positions and initial angles of the structured light projector and the camera imaging system in the main controller;
the optical scanning device is in test operation, the structured light projector transmits the light speed to an area of the blade and then transmits the image to the camera imaging system to form a group of images and transmit the images to the main controller;
controlling a projector moving mechanism to drive a structured light projector to move to the next position, driving a camera imaging system to move to the next position by an imaging system moving mechanism, enabling the structured light projector and the camera imaging system to work and scan an image at the other position of the blade, and simultaneously transmitting position information, angle information and image information to a main controller;
repeating the steps until all the positions of the blade are scanned by the structured light projector and the camera imaging system, and transmitting the position information, the angle information and the model information of the corresponding blade which move each time to the main controller;
and the main controller controls the structured light projector, the blade model and the camera imaging system to automatically scan the blades which are not sprayed with the coatings and the blades sprayed with the coatings in the same model according to the position information and the angle system.
After the trial operation is finished, the main controller already determines and stores all position nodes and corresponding angles of the structured light projector and the camera imaging system, and when actual scanning is carried out, the model is determined firstly, then the corresponding numerical value file is found according to the model, the numerical value file contains position information and angle information, and after the structured light projector, the camera transmission system and the blade are accurately positioned, the main controller can carry out automatic and accurate scanning. Is convenient to use.
Preferably, the main controller can be further connected with a display device, an input device and the like, so that a worker can observe the operation condition of the optical scanning device in real time through the display device, and the operation, the stop and the like of the optical scanning device are performed through the input device, and the operation is simple and convenient to implement.
As shown in fig. 3, step S200, measuring the blade morphology of the coating layer not sprayed in the production process by using an optical scanning device, obtaining three-dimensional parameters of the blade, and sending the three-dimensional parameters to post-processing software to form a first model;
and in the optical scanning process, the scanning is performed step by step according to the preset node information, the method is simple and convenient, and the post-processing software can process the parameter information and form a model.
As shown in fig. 4, in step S300, spraying is performed on the blade, the optical scanning device is used again to measure the appearance of the blade with the coating, so as to obtain three-dimensional parameters of the blade, and the three-dimensional parameters are sent to the post-processing software, so as to form a second model;
and after the blade which is not sprayed with the coating is scanned, the blade is taken down for spraying, and after the spraying is finished, the blade is installed, so that the scanning of the blade which is not sprayed with the coating and the blade which is sprayed with the coating is realized.
As shown in fig. 5, step S400, importing the first model and the second model into the same software for further processing, and performing comparative analysis on the first model and the second model to obtain a three-dimensional coating model;
the first model and the second model can be introduced into UG for processing, and can also be introduced into other three-dimensional software, the three-dimensional parameters of the thermal barrier coating can be obtained by further analyzing the three-dimensional model of the coating, and the coating thickness uniformity, the coating quality consistency and the stability of different areas can be deeply researched.
And S500, acquiring the thickness of the coating at each position of the three-dimensional coating model.
According to the comparison between the thickness result of the finished optical scanning measurement and the thickness result of metallographic dissection measurement, the thickness and the trend of the coating measured by using the optical scanning method are consistent with those of the metallographic measurement result at the same part of the blade, the accuracy rate reaches more than 90%, and the measurement precision of the method reaches micron level.
When the thickness of a coating of a blade is measured, the blade sprayed with the coating is firstly installed on an optical scanning device through an optical scanning technology, the blade is comprehensively scanned through the optical scanning device, three-dimensional parameters are recorded, and a first model is formed; the blade is taken down and then coated, the blade after coating is sprayed is installed on the optical scanning device again to be scanned comprehensively, three-dimensional parameters are recorded, a second model is formed, the first model and the second model are led into the same software to be contrasted and analyzed to obtain a three-dimensional coating model, and the thickness of each position of the coating can be accurately and rapidly obtained. By adopting the full-disk scanning and data comparison method, the operation is convenient, the measurement precision of the thickness of the thermal barrier coating of the turbine blade is higher, and the holographic measurement of the thickness of the thermal barrier coating of the turbine blade can be realized by the optical scanning technology; in the measuring process, the measuring instrument is not in contact with the measured coating, so that the problem that the thermal barrier coating is damaged in the measuring process can be effectively avoided; and the optical scanning technology can realize full-automatic measurement mode measurement, manual operation is not needed in the measurement process, the stability and consistency of measured data can be effectively improved, the quality stability and consistency of the produced thermal barrier coating are further ensured, the heat insulation capability of the thermal barrier coating is improved, the temperature of a base body of the turbine blade is reduced, and the cost brought by replacement is reduced.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (2)
1. An optical scanning holographic measuring method for the thickness of a coating of a turbine blade is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing an optical scanning device, and installing a blade on the optical scanning device;
measuring the appearance of a blade which is not sprayed with a coating in a production process by using an optical scanning device, acquiring three-dimensional parameters of the blade, and sending the three-dimensional parameters to post-processing software to form a first model;
spraying the blade, measuring the shape of the coated blade by using the optical scanning device again, acquiring three-dimensional parameters of the blade, and sending the three-dimensional parameters to post-processing software to form a second model;
importing the first model and the second model into the same software for further processing, and carrying out comparative analysis on the first model and the second model to obtain a coating three-dimensional model;
obtaining the thickness of the coating at each position of the three-dimensional coating model;
the optical scanning device comprises a structured light projector, a camera imaging system, a blade mounting mechanism, a projector mounting mechanism, an imaging system mounting mechanism, a projector moving mechanism, an imaging system moving mechanism and a main controller; the device comprises a blade mounting mechanism, an imaging system mounting mechanism, a projector moving mechanism, an imaging system mounting mechanism, a main controller and a camera mounting mechanism, wherein the blade mounting mechanism is used for mounting and adjusting a blade to be measured, the projector mounting mechanism is used for mounting and adjusting a structured light projector, the imaging system mounting mechanism is used for mounting and adjusting a camera imaging mechanism, the projector moving mechanism is connected with the projector mounting mechanism and used for driving the projector mounting mechanism to move around the blade, the imaging system moving mechanism is connected with the imaging system mounting mechanism and used for driving the imaging system mounting mechanism to move, and the main controller is used for controlling the structured light projector, the camera imaging system, the blade mounting mechanism, the projector moving mechanism and the imaging system moving mechanism to work;
the control method of the optical scanning device comprises the following steps:
registering initial positions and initial angles of the structured light projector and the camera imaging system in the main controller;
the optical scanning device is in test operation, the structured light projector transmits the light speed to an area of the blade and then transmits the image to the camera imaging system to form a group of images and transmit the images to the main controller;
controlling a projector moving mechanism to drive a structured light projector to move to the next position, driving a camera imaging system to move to the next position by an imaging system moving mechanism, enabling the structured light projector and the camera imaging system to work and scan an image at the other position of the blade, and simultaneously transmitting position information, angle information and image information to a main controller;
repeating the steps until all the positions of the blade are scanned by the structured light projector and the camera imaging system, and transmitting the position information, the angle information and the model information of the corresponding blade which move each time to the main controller;
and the main controller controls the structured light projector, the blade model and the camera imaging system to automatically scan the blades which are not sprayed with the coatings and the blades sprayed with the coatings in the same model according to the position information and the angle system.
2. The turbine blade coating thickness optical scanning holographic measurement method of claim 1, wherein: and importing the first model and the second model into UG for processing.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115774036A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-03-10 | 西南科技大学 | Method, system and device for detecting sand inclusion rate of blade surface |
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