CN114754579B - Method and device for preparing carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through molten salt heated by solar energy - Google Patents

Method and device for preparing carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through molten salt heated by solar energy Download PDF

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CN114754579B
CN114754579B CN202210333549.7A CN202210333549A CN114754579B CN 114754579 B CN114754579 B CN 114754579B CN 202210333549 A CN202210333549 A CN 202210333549A CN 114754579 B CN114754579 B CN 114754579B
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molten salt
biomass
carbon
pipeline
bin
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CN114754579A (en
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杨建平
游鹏辉
褚乐遥
何弦峰
何彬
邝林珍
李海龙
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Central South University
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Central South University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/20—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for preparing a carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through solar heating molten salt, relates to the technical field of biomass carbon preparation, and aims to solve the problems that the carbon preparation technology through molten salt cannot prepare carbon continuously, the energy consumption is high, and the mass production is difficult to realize. In the pretreatment of biomass, high-temperature hot gas obtained in the pyrolysis reaction is used for ensuring a drying system, so that waste gas resources are fully utilized, and meanwhile, the pipeline safety and the pyrolysis efficiency are also ensured. In the separation operation, utilize multilayer filter screen and push pedal, the fused salt after will reacting and the biomass carbon who makes separate, such advantage is, utilizes the two physical properties under the high temperature condition to carry out effective separation, can not be interrupted the reaction of biomass carbon and the circulation of fused salt, really accomplishes continuous system carbon.

Description

Method and device for preparing carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through molten salt heated by solar energy
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass carbon material preparation, in particular to a method and a device for preparing a carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through solar heating molten salt.
Background
Agriculture is a main source for waste generation and is also a difficult point for resource utilization of waste. The biomass waste generated in human production and life comes from agriculture directly or indirectly, and the common biomass waste is mainly the biomass remaining after the death, harvesting, processing and utilization of organisms.
Carbon as a single element can form various substances with different structures and properties, and with the change of times and the progress of science, carbon materials are continuously discovered and utilized, so that the development and the application of the carbon element have infinite possibility. Carbon is a widely used material and is in great demand in many industries. Porous carbon can store hydrogen; the active carbon has an adsorption function; the carbon fiber product can be used as a heat insulation material, a mould pressing heat insulation material base material, a heat-resistant protective layer, an anti-corrosion layer base material and the like; carbon can also form carbon steel and other alloys with iron; the high specific surface area carbon is an electrochemical super capacitor electrode material with excellent performance; carbon materials are also indispensable in lithium ion batteries.
The biomass carbon has simple preparation process, rich raw material sources, various forms and easy processing, and is a multipurpose functional material appearing in recent years. The biomass carbon has rich porous structure, large specific surface area, strong adsorption capacity, stable chemical property, high mechanical strength and good conductivity. Therefore, the biomass carbon has great application potential in the fields of sewage treatment, crop planting, electrochemistry and the like.
The most widely used methods for producing carbon from biomass include direct carbonization, physical activation, chemical activation, physical-chemical activation, and hydrothermal activation. However, most of the methods are complex in operation, troublesome in steps, high in chemical reagent consumption, general in biomass carbon performance, high in impurity content and difficult to purify.
Most of the carbon materials are produced under an inert atmosphere, and the whole production process usually takes a considerable time, which undoubtedly results in a large waste of inert gas and a corresponding increase in equipment cost. The molten salt carbon preparation takes inert salt as a sealing and activating bifunctional medium, and prepares the porous carbon material in the air atmosphere, thus undoubtedly filling with advantages. However, the current technology for preparing carbon by using molten salt cannot continuously prepare carbon, consumes large energy and is difficult to realize mass production.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a method and a device for preparing a carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through solar heating molten salt, and adopts the technical scheme that the device comprises a cold molten salt pipeline, a hot molten salt pipeline, a photo-thermal mechanism, a temperature control mechanism, a heat collecting gas drying mechanism, a filtering mechanism, a mixing and propelling mechanism, a molten salt impurity removing mechanism, a rare gas cooling mechanism, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a mechanism for cleaning and separating high value-added carbon; the light and heat mechanism respectively with cold molten salt pipeline with the one end of hot molten salt pipeline is connected, cold molten salt pipeline with the other end of hot molten salt pipeline passes through mix advancing mechanism and connect, mix advancing mechanism's output is equipped with rare gas cooling mechanism, rare gas cooling mechanism below is equipped with wash separation high added value carbon mechanism, be equipped with cold fused salt storage storehouse on the cold molten salt pipeline, just still be equipped with cold molten salt pump on the cold molten salt pipeline, be equipped with hot fused salt storage storehouse on the hot molten salt pipeline, just still be equipped with the hot molten salt pump on the hot molten salt pipeline, still be equipped with the living beings conveying pipeline on the hot molten salt pipeline, the hot molten salt pump with still be equipped with between the living beings conveying pipeline temperature control mechanism, still be equipped with collection steam stoving mechanism on the cold molten salt pipeline, be equipped with on the hot molten salt pipeline filtering mechanism, filtering mechanism with be equipped with between the cold molten salt storage storehouse fused salt edulcoration mechanism.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the photo-thermal mechanism comprises a heat collecting plate and a heat collector, and a groove type paraboloid is arranged on the heat collecting plate.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the temperature control mechanism includes a thermocouple, the thermocouple is disposed between the hot-melt salt pump and the biomass conveying pipeline, the thermocouple is connected with a temperature transmitter and a temperature controller, and the PLC controller is connected with the thermocouple, the hot-melt salt pump, the temperature transmitter and the temperature controller.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the hybrid propulsion mechanism includes a screw propulsion paddle, the screw propulsion paddle is driven by a propulsion motor, and the propulsion motor is connected to the PLC controller.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the heat collecting gas drying mechanism comprises a discharging pipe, a drying bin gate, a nitrogen bottle, a biomass raw material bin, a biomass drying bin, a heat supply bin, an organic waste gas bin and a hot gas conveying pipeline, an organic gas collecting pipeline and the discharging pipe are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the mixing and propelling mechanism, the nitrogen bottle, the biomass drying bin and the biomass raw material bin are sequentially connected above the biomass conveying pipeline, the drying bin gate is arranged at the bottom of the biomass drying bin, the heat supply bin and the organic waste gas bin are wrapped on the outer side of the biomass drying bin, the heat supply bin is connected with the organic gas storage bin through the hot gas conveying pipeline, a cyclone separator is arranged below the organic gas storage bin, the top of the cyclone separator is connected with the organic gas collecting pipeline, the bottom of the cyclone separator is connected with the discharging pipe through a gas-liquid separation and return pipeline, and the cyclone separator is connected with the PLC.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the filtering mechanism comprises a plurality of layers of filtering screens, a push plate and a shaft lever, wherein the plurality of layers of filtering screens are positioned below the mixing and propelling mechanism, the lower parts of the plurality of layers of filtering screens are communicated with the cold molten salt pipeline through a funnel bin, the push plate is connected onto the plurality of layers of filtering screens in a sliding manner, the push plate is driven by a propelling motor through the shaft lever, and the propelling motor is connected with the PLC.
As a preferred technical scheme, the molten salt impurity removing mechanism comprises a pure air bin, a waste gas bin and a high-temperature separation gas-liquid film, the pure air bin and the waste gas bin are communicated with the cold molten salt pipeline, an induced draft fan and an exhaust fan are respectively arranged on the pure air bin and the waste gas bin, the high-temperature separation gas-liquid film is arranged at the outlet of a pipe orifice of the waste gas bin, and the induced draft fan and the exhaust fan are connected with the PLC.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the rare gas cooling mechanism includes a biomass carbon cooling bin, the biomass carbon cooling bin is disposed at a terminal of the mixing and propelling mechanism, and the biomass carbon cooling bin is provided with an argon gas inlet pipe and an argon gas outlet pipe.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the mechanism for cleaning and separating the high added-value carbon comprises a cleaning bin, a small-amount molten salt storage bin and a biomass carbon storage bin, the cleaning bin is arranged below the rare gas cooling mechanism, the biomass carbon storage bin and the small-amount molten salt storage bin are respectively arranged below the cleaning bin, a temporary filter screen is arranged at the lower part of the cleaning bin, the temporary filter screen is rotationally connected to the cleaning bin through a filter screen rotating shaft, the temporary filter screen is connected with a double-layer brush through a double-layer brush rotating shaft, the temporary filter screen adopts a rotatable filter screen, and the baffle is further arranged between the biomass carbon storage bin and the small-amount molten salt storage bin.
The carbon preparation processing method of the device for preparing the carbon material by pyrolyzing the biomass through the molten salt heated by solar energy comprises the following steps:
step 1, heating molten salt, storing the heated molten salt in a hot molten salt storage bin and a cold molten salt storage bin, opening a hot molten salt valve and a cold molten salt valve, opening a hot molten salt pump and a cold molten salt pump to enable the molten salt to flow, gathering light rays onto a heat collector by a heat collection plate when the molten salt flows through a parabolic trough system, and heating the molten salt to a required temperature;
step 2, earlier stage operation, namely storing the original biomass in a raw material bin, opening a gate to enter a biomass drying bin, enabling the temperature in the biomass drying bin to reach a specific temperature through a heat supply bin, and removing gases such as oxygen through a nitrogen bottle;
step 3, molten salt is mixed, biomass enters a hot molten salt pipeline after passing through a biomass drying bin and a nitrogen cylinder, the biomass flows into other parts through a biomass backflow prevention net, and then the biomass and the hot molten salt are fully mixed and react under the spiral mixing of a spiral propelling device;
step 4, separation circulation is carried out, the reacted biomass carbon and the hot melt salt are separated from the biomass carbon under the action of the spiral propulsion device and the multilayer filter screen, then the biomass carbon moves along the shaft rod in a specific direction through the push plate, so that the biomass carbon cannot accumulate at the position to block the multilayer filter screen, the obtained molten salt enters a cold melt salt pipeline, and the obtained biomass carbon is continuously conveyed to a subsequent biomass carbon cooling bin by the spiral propulsion device;
step 5, gas collection operation, namely allowing high-temperature organic gas obtained by reacting biomass with hot molten salt to sequentially pass through an organic gas collection pipeline, a cyclone separator and an organic gas storage bin for subsequent operations such as drying, and for the condition that a small amount of biomass carbon is dissolved in cold molten salt in a cold molten salt pipeline, releasing pure air in a pure air bin into the cold molten salt pipeline by a system, and after fully reacting with the biomass carbon in the cold molten salt, collecting waste gas such as carbon monoxide in a waste gas bin for facilitating the subsequent operations, so that molten salt can be recovered, and the purity of the molten salt is maintained;
and 6, performing subsequent operation, enabling the separated biomass carbon to enter a biomass carbon cooling bin, keeping the argon environment smooth by an argon inlet pipeline and an argon outlet pipeline constantly, cooling the biomass carbon to a proper temperature in inert gas, cleaning the biomass by a spraying device in a cleaning bin, separating the biomass from molten salt attached to the biomass by retracting and releasing a temporary filter screen, rotating a double-layer brush arranged on the temporary filter screen and a specific angle of a baffle, and finally storing the biomass carbon in a small amount of molten salt storage bins and biomass carbon storage bins respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can utilize high-temperature molten salt to continuously treat biomass, and can shorten the carbon preparation time and improve the carbon preparation efficiency while ensuring the carbon preparation quality. In the pretreatment of biomass, high-temperature hot gas obtained in the pyrolysis reaction is used for ensuring a drying system, so that waste gas resources are fully utilized, and meanwhile, the pipeline safety and the pyrolysis efficiency are also ensured. In the separation operation, the multi-layer filter screen and the push plate are utilized to separate the reacted molten salt from the prepared biomass carbon, so that the advantages that the molten salt and the prepared biomass carbon are effectively separated by utilizing the physical properties of the two under the high-temperature condition, the reaction of the biomass carbon and the circulation of the molten salt are not interrupted, and the continuous carbon preparation is really realized; under the action of the impurity removal mechanism, a proper amount of air is introduced into the obtained molten salt to remove a small part of carbon dissolved in the molten salt, so that the purity and the heating efficiency of the molten salt are maintained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a filter mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a molten salt circulation pipeline according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cooling mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a photothermal mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a heat collecting and drying mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a dual layer brush arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a BET plot of carbon powder obtained by treating peanut shells under different conditions in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a distribution diagram of pore sizes of carbon powders prepared from peanut shells under different conditions.
In the figure: 1. a screw propulsion paddle; 2. an organic gas collection pipeline; 3. a shaft lever; 4. gas-liquid separation and return pipeline; 5. a plurality of layers of filter screens; 6. a cold molten salt pipeline; 7. pushing the plate; 8. a hot melt salt conduit; 9. a thermocouple; 10. a biomass delivery pipeline; 11. the biomass backflow preventing net; 12. a biomass carbon cooling bin; 13. an argon outlet pipe; 14. cleaning the bin; 15. a biomass carbon storage bin; 16. a small amount of molten salt storage bin; 17. an argon inlet pipe; 18. a clean air bin; 19. a waste gas bin; 20. a cold molten salt storage bin; 21. a cold molten salt valve; 22. a cold molten salt pump; 23. a raw material bin; 24. a hot gas delivery duct; 25. an organic gas storage bin; 26. a cyclone separator; 27. a nitrogen gas cylinder; 28. a biomass drying bin; 29. a heat collecting plate; 30. a hot-melt salt storage bin; 31. a hot molten salt valve; 32. a hot-melt salt pump; 33. separating the gas-liquid film at high temperature; 34. a temporary filter screen; 35. a baffle plate; 36. a heat collector; 37. a heat supply bin; 38. an organic waste gas bin; 39. a drying bin gate; 40. a discharging pipe; 41. a temperature transmitter; 42. a temperature controller; 43. a double-layer brush; 44. a filter screen rotating shaft; 45. the double-layer brush rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the invention discloses a method and a device for preparing a carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through molten salt heated by solar energy, and adopts the technical scheme that the device comprises a cold molten salt pipeline 6, a hot molten salt pipeline 8, a photo-thermal mechanism, a temperature control mechanism, a heat collecting gas drying mechanism, a filtering mechanism, a mixing and propelling mechanism, a molten salt impurity removing mechanism, a rare gas cooling mechanism, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a mechanism for cleaning and separating high value-added carbon; the light and heat mechanism respectively with cold molten salt pipeline 6 with hot molten salt pipeline 8's one end is connected, cold molten salt pipeline 6 with hot molten salt pipeline 8's the other end passes through mix advancing mechanism and connect, mix advancing mechanism's output is equipped with rare gas cooling mechanism, rare gas cooling mechanism below is equipped with wash separation high added value carbon mechanism, be equipped with cold molten salt storage storehouse 20 on the cold molten salt pipeline 6, just still be equipped with cold molten salt pump 22 on the cold molten salt pipeline 6, be equipped with hot molten salt storage storehouse 30 on the hot molten salt pipeline 8, just still be equipped with hot molten salt pump 32 on the hot molten salt pipeline 8, still be equipped with living beings conveying pipeline 10 on the hot molten salt pipeline 8, hot molten salt pump 32 with still be equipped with between the living beings conveying pipeline 10 the temperature control mechanism, still be equipped with hot gas collection stoving mechanism on the cold molten salt pipeline 6, be equipped with on the hot molten salt pipeline 8 filtering mechanism, filtering mechanism with be equipped with between the cold molten salt storage storehouse 20 the edulcoration mechanism.
The heating mechanism utilizes solar energy to heat the fused salt, the temperature control mechanism detects and controls the temperature of the fused salt before reaction, the fused salt is ensured to reach the reaction temperature, the heat collecting gas drying mechanism utilizes the heat of organic gas generated by the reaction to dry the biomass, the mixing and pushing mechanism transports the biomass and enables the biomass to be fully mixed and contacted with the fused salt and pyrolyzed, the filtering treatment mechanism can separate the biomass carbon after reaction from the fused salt, the fused salt impurity removing mechanism can remove a small amount of biomass carbon dissolved in the cold fused salt after reaction, the purity of the fused salt is ensured to be enough to enter the next reaction cycle, the rare gas cooling mechanism can use argon gas to cool the separated biomass carbon, the cleaning and separating high value-added carbon mechanism can clean the fused salt attached to the cooled biomass carbon and store the fused salt.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the photo-thermal mechanism includes a heat collecting plate 29 and a heat collector 36, and a groove-type paraboloid is provided on the heat collecting plate 29.
The light and heat mechanism can heat the molten salt in the cold molten salt pipeline 6, the light and heat mechanism is arranged at the junction of the cold molten salt pipeline 6 and the hot molten salt pipeline 8 and comprises a heat collecting plate 29 and a heat collector 36 which are arranged outside the cold molten salt pipeline 6, and when the light and heat mechanism is used, the heat collecting plate 29 collects heat by utilizing a groove type paraboloid and efficiently heats the molten salt flowing through by utilizing the light and heat effect.
Be connected with cold molten salt behind cold molten salt pipeline 6 and store storehouse 20, cold molten salt stores storehouse 20 and can deposit cold molten salt, realize the buffer storage in the molten salt circulation, it stores storehouse 30 to connect hot molten salt behind hot molten salt pipeline 8, hot molten salt stores storehouse 30 and can deposit hot molten salt, realize the storage to hot molten salt in the molten salt circulation, continue to provide the required hot molten salt of reaction when solar energy can not use, reach the purpose of continuous pyrolysis, cold molten salt stores storehouse 20 and is connected with cold molten salt pump 22 after the storehouse, hot molten salt stores and is connected with hot molten salt pump 32 after the storehouse 30, provide power for the molten salt circulation.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the temperature control mechanism includes a thermocouple 9, the thermocouple 9 is disposed between the hot-melt salt pump 32 and the biomass conveying pipeline 10, the thermocouple 9 is connected with a temperature transmitter 41 and a temperature controller 42, and the PLC controller is connected with the thermocouple 9, the hot-melt salt pump 32, the temperature transmitter 41 and the temperature controller 42.
The temperature control mechanism can control the temperature of the molten salt entering the biomass conveying pipeline 10, is positioned in front of the biomass conveying pipeline 10 and comprises a thermocouple 9 positioned in front of the biomass conveying pipeline 10 on a hot molten salt pipeline 8, and a temperature transmitter 41 and a temperature controller 42 which are connected on the thermocouple 9, so that the temperature detection and control of the molten salt before reaction can be realized.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the hybrid propulsion mechanism includes a screw propulsion paddle 1, the screw propulsion paddle 1 is driven by a propulsion motor, and the propulsion motor is connected to the PLC controller.
Mix and advancing mechanism can transport living beings and let living beings and fused salt fully contact reaction, mix and advancing mechanism is located cold fused salt pipeline 6 and 8 juncture of hot fused salt pipeline, including the screw propulsion oar 1 that is located living beings conveying pipeline 10, the screw propulsion oar 1 can carry out the mixture of living beings and fused salt when transporting living beings, saves space, raises the efficiency.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the heat collecting gas drying mechanism comprises a feeding pipe 40, a drying bin gate 39, a nitrogen cylinder 27, a biomass raw material bin 23, a biomass drying bin 28, a heat supply bin 37, an organic waste gas bin 38 and a hot gas conveying pipeline 24, organic gas collecting pipelines 2 and the feeding pipe 40 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the mixing propulsion mechanism, the nitrogen cylinder 27, the biomass drying bin 28 and the biomass raw material bin 23 are sequentially connected above the biomass conveying pipeline 10, the drying bin gate 39 is arranged at the bottom of the biomass drying bin 28, the heat supply bin 37 and the organic waste gas bin 38 are wrapped on the outer side of the biomass drying bin 28, the heat supply bin 37 is connected with an organic gas storage bin 25 through the hot gas conveying pipeline 24, a cyclone separator 26 is arranged below the organic gas storage bin 25, the top of the cyclone separator 26 is connected with the organic gas collecting pipelines 2, the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 26 is connected with the feeding pipe 40 through a separating and falling pipeline 4, and the cyclone separator 26 is connected with the PLC controller.
The heat collecting gas drying mechanism can dry biomass in the biomass raw material bin 23 by using hot air, is positioned outside the cold molten salt pipeline 6, and comprises a blanking pipe 40 positioned between the biomass conveying pipeline 10 and the thermocouple 9 and connected with the upper part of the cold molten salt pipeline 6, a drying bin gate 39, a nitrogen bottle 27 above the drying bin, the biomass raw material bin 23, a biomass drying bin 28, a heat supply bin 37 and an organic waste gas bin 38 wrapped outside the drying bin, and a hot gas conveying pipeline 24 connected between the organic gas storage bin 25 and the heat supply bin 37, wherein the biomass raw material bin 23 can store biomass and can also be used for adding reaction raw materials from the outside of the system, the hot gas conveying pipeline 24 can convey hot gas in the organic gas storage bin 25 to the heat supply bin 37, heat air in the biomass drying bin 28 through partition wall heat exchange to achieve the purpose of drying biomass, and convey the organic gas utilizing heat energy to the organic waste gas bin 38 through a pump, and after the biomass is dried, the nitrogen bottle 27 and the drying bin gate 39 can isolate air, so that the nitrogen environment in the device can be maintained.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the filtering mechanism comprises a plurality of layers of filter screens 5, a push plate 7 and a shaft lever 3, wherein the plurality of layers of filter screens 5 are positioned below the mixing and propelling mechanism, the lower part of the plurality of layers of filter screens 5 is communicated with the cold molten salt pipeline 6 through a funnel bin, the plurality of layers of filter screens 5 are connected with the push plate 7 in a sliding manner, the push plate 7 is driven by a propelling motor through the shaft lever 3, and the propelling motor is connected with the PLC.
Filter treatment mechanism can separate the high temperature fused salt in the hot molten salt pipeline 8 and the biomass carbon who makes, and filter treatment mechanism is located outside the hot molten salt pipeline 8 of spiral propulsion oar 1 rear side, including multilayer filter screen 5, push pedal 7, the push pedal 7 that is located the filter screen surface carry out the axostylus axostyle axle 3 of specific direction motion, and the installation can be selected according to the demand to the aperture of multilayer filter screen 5, 5 lower parts of multilayer filter screen are equipped with funnel storehouse and cold molten salt pipeline 6, spiral propulsion oar 1, and when using filter treatment mechanism, the primitive substance is through the abundant reaction with the fused salt, and the high temperature fused salt that obtains and the biomass carbon mixture of making are in hot molten salt pipeline 8, and promote the mixture through spiral propulsion oar 1, when through multilayer filter screen 5, because the fused salt can flow into cold molten salt pipeline 6 from multilayer filter screen 5, and the biomass carbon who makes can be separated in hot molten salt pipeline 8 by multilayer filter screen 5, has just so reached the effect of fused salt and biomass carbon separation. The biomass carbon on the surface of the multilayer filter screen 5 is pushed away from the multilayer filter screen 5 by the push plate 7, so that the biomass carbon on the filter screen is prevented from accumulating and blocking, the efficiency of a filtering and separating link is ensured, and finally the biomass carbon separated by the spiral pushing paddle 1 is pushed to the terminal of the hot-melt salt pipeline 8.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the molten salt impurity removing mechanism comprises a pure air bin 18, a waste gas bin 19 and a high-temperature separation gas-liquid membrane 33, the pure air bin 18 and the waste gas bin 19 are communicated with the cold molten salt pipeline 6, an induced draft fan and an exhaust fan are respectively arranged on the pure air bin 18 and the waste gas bin 19, the high-temperature separation gas-liquid membrane 33 is arranged at the outlet of a pipe orifice of the waste gas bin 19, and the induced draft fan and the exhaust fan are connected with the PLC.
The structure of fused salt edulcoration mechanism can detach the little biomass carbon that dissolves in the cold fused salt pipeline 6, and fused salt edulcoration mechanism is located between filter mechanism and the cold fused salt storage storehouse 20, including being located the pure air storehouse 18 on cold fused salt pipeline 6 upper portion and the draught fan that is equipped with, being located the waste gas storehouse 19 on cold fused salt pipeline 6 upper portion and the air exhauster that is equipped with, being located the mouth of pipe department of waste gas storehouse 19 is equipped with high temperature separation gas liquid film 33, when using fused salt edulcoration system, the pure air storehouse and the draught fan that are located cold fused salt pipeline 6 upper portion input quantitative pure air and will dissolve a small amount of biomass carbon in the cold fused salt to react into gases such as carbon monoxide to cold fused salt pipeline 6, by being located the waste gas storehouse and the air exhauster on cold fused salt pipeline 6 upper portion with the pure air storehouse on cold fused salt pipeline 6 upper portion and the waste gas such as carbon monoxide that the pure air reaction of draught fan carried in cold fused salt pipeline is generated, and collect in-process waste gas can be used for other processings with the separation gas of liquid film 33 with the waste gas of fused salt.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the rare gas cooling mechanism includes a biomass carbon cooling bin 12, the biomass carbon cooling bin 12 is disposed at the end of the hybrid propulsion mechanism, and the biomass carbon cooling bin 12 is provided with an argon gas inlet pipe 17 and an argon gas outlet pipe 13.
In the rare gas cooling mechanism, an argon gas inlet pipeline 17 and an argon gas outlet pipeline 13 are sequentially arranged at the top end of a biomass carbon cooling bin 12, and the argon gas inlet pipeline 17 and the argon gas outlet pipeline 13 are both communicated with an argon tank; when the separated biomass carbon is conveyed in from the terminal of the hot-melt salt pipeline 8 by the spiral propelling paddle 1, the biomass carbon is cooled for a certain time under the rare gas environment maintained by the argon gas inlet pipeline 17 and the argon gas outlet pipeline 13 and is positioned in the biomass carbon cooling bin 12 to be operated next step.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the mechanism for cleaning and separating high added-value carbon comprises a cleaning bin 14, a small amount of molten salt storage bin 16 and a biomass carbon storage bin 15, the cleaning bin 14 is arranged below the rare gas cooling mechanism, the biomass carbon storage bin 15 and the small amount of molten salt storage bin 16 are respectively arranged below the cleaning bin 14, a temporary filter screen 34 is arranged at the lower part of the cleaning bin 14, the temporary filter screen 34 is rotatably connected to the cleaning bin 14 through a filter screen rotating shaft 44, the temporary filter screen 34 is connected to a double-layer brush 43 through a double-layer brush rotating shaft 45, the temporary filter screen 34 is a rotatable filter screen, and the baffle 35 is further arranged between the biomass carbon storage bin 15 and the small amount of molten salt storage bin 16.
The mechanism for cleaning and separating the high added-value carbon comprises a cleaning bin 14, a small-amount molten salt storage bin 16 and a biomass carbon storage bin 15, wherein a temporary filter screen 34 and a double-layer brush 43 are arranged at the lower part of the cleaning bin 14, a baffle 35 which is connected with a shaft and can rotate at a specific angle is arranged between the molten salt storage bin and the biomass carbon storage bin, when the cleaning and separating operation of the biomass carbon is carried out, the cooled biomass carbon from the cooling bin 12 is washed away by a small amount of molten salt attached to the biomass carbon in the cleaning bin 14, the small amount of molten salt is separated from the cleaned biomass carbon through the temporary filter screen 34 and the double-layer brush 43, finally the small amount of molten salt falls into the small-amount molten salt storage bin 16 when the baffle 35 inclines into the small-amount molten salt storage bin 16, and the pure biomass carbon falls into the biomass carbon storage bin 15 when the baffle 35 inclines into the biomass carbon storage bin 15, so that the effect of separation and storage is achieved.
As shown in fig. 7, when the biomass carbon passes through a certain cooling time in the biomass carbon cooling bin, enters the cleaning bin 14, and when water spraying is started in the cleaning bin 14, the temporary filter screen 34 is driven by the first motor to rotate around the filter screen rotating shaft 44 and rotate to a horizontal position in advance, so that molten salt is separated from the biomass carbon, after the certain time, the spraying device in the cleaning bin 14 stops working, then the temporary filter screen 34 rotates to a vertical position, so that the biomass carbon filtered by the temporary filter screen 34 is sent to the next part, and meanwhile, in the process that the temporary filter screen 34 rotates to the vertical position, the double-layer brush 43 similar to a clock on the temporary filter screen 34 is driven by the second motor to rotate around the double-layer brush rotating shaft 45, so as to sweep away a small amount of biomass carbon on the temporary filter screen 34, clean the filter screen, and improve the filtering efficiency; with belt cleaning device, temporary filter 34 and baffle 35 under the procedure of settlement, bind the switch, under the drive of motor, accomplish synchronous work, when belt cleaning device opens promptly, temporary filter 34 rotates to horizontal position in advance, and baffle 35 is at the drive of third motor down and stores up a small amount of molten salt storehouse 16, after belt cleaning device closed, temporary filter 34 slowly rotates to vertical position, and baffle 35 is towards storing up living beings carbon storehouse 15, in order to prevent that the water in washing storehouse 14 from flowing into storing up living beings carbon storehouse 15, only need according to above-mentioned procedure operation completion and baffle 35 set up certain radian successively and agree with washing storehouse 14 bottom can, for example, the board type is U template etc. temporary filter 34, double-deck brush 43 and baffle 35 are by three motor drive respectively.
The carbon preparation processing method of the device for preparing the carbon material by pyrolyzing the biomass through the molten salt heated by solar energy comprises the following steps:
step 1, heating molten salt, storing the heated molten salt in a hot molten salt storage bin 30 and a cold molten salt storage bin 20, opening a hot molten salt valve 31 and a cold molten salt valve 21, and opening a hot molten salt pump 32 and a cold molten salt pump 22 to enable the molten salt to flow, wherein when the molten salt flows through a parabolic trough system, light is collected on a heat collector 36 by a heat collection plate 29 to heat the molten salt to a required temperature;
step 2, earlier stage operation, namely storing the original biomass in a raw material bin 23, opening a gate to enter a biomass drying bin 28, enabling the temperature in the biomass drying bin 28 to reach a specific temperature through a heat supply bin 37, and removing gases such as oxygen through a nitrogen bottle 27;
step 3, molten salt is mixed, biomass enters a hot molten salt pipeline 8 after passing through a biomass drying bin 28 and a nitrogen cylinder 27, the biomass flows into other parts through a biomass backflow prevention net 11, and then the biomass and the hot molten salt are fully mixed and react under the spiral mixing of a spiral propelling device;
step 4, separation circulation is carried out, the reacted biomass carbon and the hot melt salt are separated from the biomass carbon under the action of the spiral propulsion device and the multilayer filter screen 5, then the biomass carbon moves along the shaft rod 3 in a specific direction through the push plate 7, so that the biomass carbon cannot accumulate at the position to block the multilayer filter screen 5, the obtained molten salt enters the cold melt salt pipeline 6, and the obtained biomass carbon is continuously conveyed into the subsequent biomass carbon cooling bin 12 through the spiral propulsion device;
step 5, gas collection operation, namely passing high-temperature organic gas obtained by reacting biomass and hot molten salt through an organic gas collection pipeline 2, a cyclone separator 26 and an organic gas storage bin 25 in sequence for subsequent operations such as drying, and for the condition that a small amount of biomass carbon is dissolved in cold molten salt in a cold molten salt pipeline 6, the system releases pure air in a pure air bin 18 into the cold molten salt pipeline 6, and after fully reacting with the biomass carbon in the cold molten salt, the obtained waste gas such as carbon monoxide is collected in a waste gas bin 19 for facilitating the subsequent operations, so that the molten salt can be recovered, and the purity of the molten salt is maintained;
and 6, performing subsequent operation, enabling the separated biomass carbon to enter a biomass carbon cooling bin 12, keeping the argon environment smooth by an argon inlet pipeline 17 and an argon outlet pipeline 13 constantly, so that the biomass carbon can be cooled to a proper temperature in inert gas, cleaning the biomass by a spraying device in a cleaning bin 14, separating the biomass from molten salt attached to the biomass by retraction and rotation of a temporary filter screen 34, rotation of a double-layer brush 43 arranged on the temporary filter screen 34 and a specific angle of a baffle 35, and finally storing the biomass carbon in a small amount of molten salt storage bins 16 and a biomass carbon storage bin 15 respectively.
The molten salt used in the biomass pyrolysis experiment mainly comprises four components of CaCl 2 ，CaCl 2 NaCl (molar ratio of Ca: na 1), na 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 (molar ratio of Na: K59 3 -Na 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 (molar ratio of Li to Na: K43.5
In the process of carbonizing biomass by molten salt, the physical morphology of the biomass is not greatly changed, the whole process is a process of changing reactants from a solid phase to a solid phase and a gas phase, and the reaction is very rapid. The following can be obtained through experiments: the variety of the molten salt has little influence on the carbon yield, and taking the peanut shell as the example of the molten salt at 850 ℃, the carbon production yield of the peanut shell in different molten salts is approximately the same, and the yield is about 19%.
Different molten salts can affect the microscopic morphology of gas generated by biomass pyrolysis and carbon powder generated, but the products are amorphous carbon simple substances. Through experiments, it can be found that in the chloride molten salt, biomass is pyrolyzed to generate yellow gas, and in the carbonate molten salt, black gas is generated. In SEM images of carbon powder prepared by pyrolyzing peanut shells, the carbon powder has abundant micro-morphology in chloride fused salt, and is not as abundant in carbonate fused salt as in chloride fused salt. The analysis results of XRD and EDX images of carbon powder generated by pyrolyzing the peanut shells show that the sample generated by pyrolyzing the peanut shells is amorphous carbon.
FIG. 8 is a BET diagram of carbon powder obtained by processing peanut shells under different conditions, from which Na is shown 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 The carbon powder prepared in the molten salt has higher specific surface area which can reach 408m 2 In CaCl,/g 2 Specific surface area in NaCl molten salt 379 m 2 In Li,/g 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 The specific surface area of the carbon powder prepared in the molten salt is relatively low and is 316 m 2 And/g, the observation of figure 9 shows that the pore size distribution of the carbon powder generated by pyrolyzing peanut shells with different molten salts is 2-5nm, and the influence of the composition of the molten salts is small.
Na 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 The heat storage fused salt has excellent heat transfer and energy storage properties, high heat transfer efficiency, high upper limit of temperature, easy temperature control, stable state, no decomposition during melting, difficult reaction with equipment, low corrosivity and excellent heat storage performance, and is suitable for the field of photo-thermal power generation.
In conclusion, na is selected 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 (molar ratio of Na: K is 59: 41) as a pyrolysis molten salt and a heat-storing molten salt of the system.
The circuit connections according to the invention are conventional means used by the person skilled in the art and can be suggested by a limited number of tests, which are common knowledge.
Components not described in detail herein are prior art.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications without inventive changes may be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Device of biomass system carbon material is pyrolyzed to solar energy heating fused salt, its characterized in that: the system comprises a cold molten salt pipeline (6), a hot molten salt pipeline (8), a photo-thermal mechanism, a temperature control mechanism, a heat collecting gas drying mechanism, a filtering mechanism, a mixing and propelling mechanism, a molten salt impurity removing mechanism, a rare gas cooling mechanism, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a mechanism for cleaning and separating high value-added carbon; light and heat mechanism respectively with cold molten salt pipeline (6) with the one end of hot molten salt pipeline (8) is connected, cold molten salt pipeline (6) with the other end of hot molten salt pipeline (8) passes through mix advancing mechanism and connect, mix advancing mechanism's output is equipped with rare gas cooling mechanism, rare gas cooling mechanism below is equipped with wash separation high added value carbon mechanism, be equipped with cold molten salt on cold molten salt pipeline (6) and store storehouse (20), just still be equipped with cold molten salt pump (22) on cold molten salt pipeline (6), be equipped with hot molten salt on hot molten salt pipeline (8) and store storehouse (30), just still be equipped with hot molten salt pump (32) on hot molten salt pipeline (8), still be equipped with on hot molten salt pipeline (8) and expect pipeline (10) living beings, hot molten salt pump (32) with still be equipped with between living beings pipeline (10) molten salt temperature control mechanism, still be equipped with collection steam stoving mechanism on cold molten salt pipeline (6), be equipped with on hot molten salt pipeline (8) and filter the mechanism with cold molten salt stores between the edulcoration pipeline (20) the edulcoration mechanism.
2. The apparatus for preparing the carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through the solar heated molten salt according to claim 1, wherein: the photo-thermal mechanism comprises a heat collecting plate (29) and a heat collector (36), and a groove type paraboloid is arranged on the heat collecting plate (29).
3. The apparatus for preparing the carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through the solar heated molten salt according to claim 1, wherein: temperature control mechanism includes thermocouple (9), establish thermocouple (9) hot melt salt pump (32) with between biomass conveying pipeline (10), be connected with temperature transmitter (41) and temperature controller (42) on thermocouple (9), the PLC controller with thermocouple (9) hot melt salt pump (32) temperature transmitter (41) with temperature controller (42) are connected.
4. The device for preparing the carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through the molten salt heated by solar energy according to claim 1, wherein: the hybrid propulsion mechanism comprises a spiral propulsion paddle (1), the spiral propulsion paddle (1) is driven by a propulsion motor, and the propulsion motor is connected with the PLC.
5. The apparatus for preparing the carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through the solar heated molten salt according to claim 1, wherein: the thermal-arrest gas stoving mechanism includes unloading pipe (40), stoving storehouse gate (39), nitrogen cylinder (27), living beings raw materials storehouse (23), living beings stoving storehouse (28), heat supply storehouse (37), organic waste gas storehouse (38) and hot gas conveying pipeline (24), mix the upper and lower both sides of propulsion mechanism be equipped with organic gas collecting duct (2) respectively and unloading pipe (40), living beings conveying pipeline (10) top has connected gradually nitrogen cylinder (27), living beings stoving storehouse (28) with living beings raw materials storehouse (23), living beings stoving storehouse (28) bottom is equipped with stoving storehouse gate (39), living beings stoving storehouse (28) outside parcel has heat supply storehouse (37) with organic waste gas storehouse (38), heat supply storehouse (37) pass through hot gas conveying pipeline (24) are connected with organic gas storage storehouse (25), organic gas storage storehouse (25) below is equipped with cyclone (26), cyclone (26) top with cyclone organic gas pipeline (2), the bottom of cyclone (26) is through separating pipe (4) and is connected with gas collecting duct (40), gas-liquid separation ware (26) are connected with the gas collection control.
6. The device for preparing the carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through the molten salt heated by solar energy according to claim 5, wherein: the filtering mechanism comprises a multilayer filter screen (5), a push plate (7) and a shaft lever (3), the multilayer filter screen (5) is located below the hybrid propulsion mechanism, the funnel bin is arranged below the multilayer filter screen (5) and communicated with the cold molten salt pipeline (6), the multilayer filter screen (5) is connected with the push plate (7) in a sliding mode, the push plate (7) is driven by the shaft lever (3) through a propulsion motor, and the propulsion motor is connected with the PLC.
7. The apparatus for preparing the carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through the solar heated molten salt according to claim 1, wherein: fused salt edulcoration mechanism includes pure air storehouse (18), waste gas storehouse (19) and high temperature separation gas liquid film (33), pure air storehouse (18) with waste gas storehouse (19) with cold fused salt pipeline (6) intercommunication, just pure air storehouse (18) with be equipped with draught fan and air exhauster on waste gas storehouse (19) respectively, the mouth of pipe play in waste gas storehouse (19) is equipped with high temperature separation gas liquid film (33), the draught fan with the air exhauster with the PLC controller is connected.
8. The apparatus for preparing the carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through the solar heated molten salt according to claim 1, wherein: rare gas cooling body includes living beings carbon cooling bin (12), living beings carbon cooling bin (12) are established mix pushing mechanism's end, be equipped with argon gas admission line (17) and argon gas pipeline (13) of giving vent to anger on living beings carbon cooling bin (12).
9. The device for preparing the carbon material by pyrolyzing biomass through the molten salt through solar heating according to claim 6, wherein: wash separation high added value carbon mechanism and include cleaning bin (14), store up a small amount of fused salt storehouse (16) and store up living beings carbon storehouse (15), cleaning bin (14) are established rare gas cooling body transfers, cleaning bin (14) below is equipped with respectively store up living beings carbon storehouse (15) with store up a small amount of fused salt storehouse (16), cleaning bin (14) lower part is equipped with temporary filtering net (34), temporary filtering net (34) rotate through filter screen rotation axis (44) and connect and be in on cleaning bin (14), temporary filtering net (34) are connected with double-deck brush (43) through double-deck brush rotation axis (45), temporary filtering net (34) adopt rotatable filter screen, store up living beings carbon storehouse (15) with store up still being equipped with baffle (35) between a small amount of fused salt storehouse (16).
10. The carbon production processing method of the device for producing the carbon material by pyrolyzing the biomass with the molten salt through solar heating according to claim 9, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, heating molten salt, storing the heated molten salt in a hot molten salt storage bin (30) and a cold molten salt storage bin (20), opening a hot molten salt valve (31) and a cold molten salt valve (21), and opening a hot molten salt pump (32) and a cold molten salt pump (22) to enable the molten salt to flow, wherein when the molten salt flows through a parabolic trough system, light is collected on a heat collector (36) by a heat collection plate (29), and the molten salt is heated to a required temperature;
step 2, earlier stage operation, namely storing the original biomass in a raw material bin (23), opening a gate to enter a biomass drying bin (28), enabling the temperature in the biomass drying bin (28) to reach a specific temperature through a heat supply bin (37), and removing oxygen gas through a nitrogen bottle (27);
step 3, molten salt is mixed, biomass enters a hot-melt salt pipeline (8) after passing through a biomass drying bin (28) and a nitrogen cylinder (27), the biomass flows into the right side of the hot-melt salt pipeline (8) through a biomass backflow prevention net (11), and then the biomass and the hot-melt salt are fully mixed and react under the spiral mixing of a spiral propelling device;
step 4, separation circulation is carried out, the reacted biomass carbon and hot melt salt are separated from the reacted biomass carbon under the action of a spiral propulsion device and a plurality of layers of filter screens (5), then the biomass carbon moves along a shaft lever (3) in a specific direction through a push plate (7), so that the biomass carbon is not accumulated at the position to block the plurality of layers of filter screens (5), the obtained molten salt enters a cold melt salt pipeline (6), and the obtained biomass carbon is continuously conveyed to a subsequent biomass carbon cooling bin (12) through the spiral propulsion device;
step 5, gas collection operation, namely allowing high-temperature organic gas obtained by reacting biomass with hot molten salt to sequentially pass through an organic gas collection pipeline (2), a cyclone separator (26) and an organic gas storage bin (25) for drying subsequent operation, and for the condition that a small amount of biomass carbon is dissolved in the cold molten salt pipeline (6), releasing pure air in a pure air bin (18) into the cold molten salt pipeline (6) by a system, fully reacting with the biomass carbon in the cold molten salt, and collecting obtained carbon monoxide waste gas in a waste gas bin (19) for facilitating subsequent operation, so that molten salt can be recovered and purity of the molten salt is maintained;
and 6, performing subsequent operation, namely enabling the separated biomass carbon to enter a biomass carbon cooling bin (12), keeping the biomass carbon smooth by an argon gas inlet pipeline (17) and an argon gas outlet pipeline (13) to maintain an argon gas environment, cooling the biomass carbon to a proper temperature in inert gas, cleaning the biomass by a spraying device in a cleaning bin (14), separating the biomass from molten salt attached to the biomass by retraction and rotation of a temporary filter screen (34), rotation of a double-layer brush (43) arranged on the temporary filter screen (34) and a specific angle of a baffle (35), and finally storing the biomass carbon in a small amount of molten salt storage bin (16) and a biomass carbon storage bin (15) respectively.
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