CN114754409A - High-efficiency combined heat and power supply system of hydrogen generator - Google Patents
High-efficiency combined heat and power supply system of hydrogen generator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114754409A CN114754409A CN202210537292.7A CN202210537292A CN114754409A CN 114754409 A CN114754409 A CN 114754409A CN 202210537292 A CN202210537292 A CN 202210537292A CN 114754409 A CN114754409 A CN 114754409A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- generator
- cooling water
- hydrogen energy
- hot water
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012536 storage buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/0005—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperation of waste heat
- F24D17/001—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperation of waste heat with accumulation of heated water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/0036—Domestic hot-water supply systems with combination of different kinds of heating means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/16—Waste heat
- F24D2200/19—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency combined heat and power system of a hydrogen energy generator, and relates to a comprehensive thermoelectric utilization system of the hydrogen energy generator. The hydrogen energy generator generates more than 50% of the converted chemical energy in the working process of the fuel cell, wherein more than 95% of the converted chemical energy needs cooling water to be taken away. The maintenance of the appropriate cooling water temperature is beneficial to the improvement of the power generation efficiency, and the heat recovery efficiency of the hydrogen energy generator can be improved by reasonably utilizing the heat of the cooling water, so that the combined heat and power system of the high-efficiency hydrogen energy generator is realized. Maintaining a higher cooling water temperature can improve chemical reaction conditions, with domestic hot water being the priority for heat recovery. Higher cooling water temperature puts higher demands on the high temperature resistance of the generator and the control response speed of heat recovery. The temperature of the cooling water is controlled to be between 60 ℃ and 70 ℃, so that the two factors can be well considered, and the high-efficiency combined heat and power supply is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for realizing high-efficiency power generation and heat recovery by combining a heat storage buffer water tank (tank) with a hydrogen energy generator cooling system. The fuel cell power of hydrogen generators is usually not large, the amount of recoverable heat is limited, and achieving an overall heat balance when there is a domestic hot water demand is not difficult. But the use of domestic hot water and the electricity generation of hydrogen energy generator have desynchrony in time, and the matching of the two is realized by arranging a buffer water tank for heat storage.
Background
The hydrogen energy generator can gradually replace the current diesel generator along with the improvement of the utilization rate of renewable energy and the development of a green hydrogen technology. Diesel generators are used as an emergency power source, and in most cases, less heat recovery is considered. The hydrogen energy generator uses hydrogen and oxygen as raw materials, hardly discharges harmful gases, is the green power generation technology with the greatest development prospect, and needs to efficiently recycle the heat of the cooling liquid in the heat energy management process.
Disclosure of Invention
The core of the hydrogen generator for realizing high-efficiency cogeneration is the relative stability of the temperature of the cooling liquid. The cooling system exchanges heat with the heat storage buffer tank and the domestic hot water tank through the heat recovery plate, and the domestic hot water recovers waste heat of the fuel cell. The water temperature in the hot water tank is maintained between 55 ℃ and 65 ℃, the hot water tank is heated to about 55 ℃ by main heat sources such as a heat pump and the like, and a 10 ℃ temperature difference is reserved for absorbing waste heat. Ideally, the heat of the hydrogen energy generator just meets the heat required by hot water, and the volume of the domestic hot water tank can be free from the influence of the hydrogen energy generator. However, the power generation of the hydrogen generator fluctuates, the heat dissipation of the hydrogen generator also responds to the fluctuation, and the consumption of hot water also fluctuates. Disadvantageously, hot water is not used, but the hydrogen generator is fully loaded to generate electricity. The volume of the domestic hot water tank is calculated according to the maximum heat dissipation capacity of the hydrogen energy generator which can be accommodated for 1 hour under the temperature difference of 10 degrees. For example, the power of the hydrogen energy generator is 100kW, the maximum heat dissipation capacity is 100kW, and the effective volume of the domestic hot water tank at the moment: v =100 × 0.86/10=8.6m3. If the total power of the generator is large, the cost of the heat storage water tank is high due to the adoption of a closed system, and an open hot water tank can be adopted. When the effective volume of the heat storage water tank (tank) is larger, the heat pump and the like can take smaller values. The volume of a common hot water pipe network and a closed expansion water tank is not small, and the volume can be fully utilized by a forced water return method. The total volume of the hot water system is the volume of a domestic hot water tank, a closed expansion water tank and a hot water pipe network. The total volume of the hot water system is not less than 0.08m3the/kW can realize the high-efficiency operation of the combined heat and power supply of the hydrogen generator. The following describes a specific implementation manner of the heat recovery system of the hydrogen energy generator with reference to fig. 1.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
1. the temperature sensor T1 controls the heat recovery primary pump in a variable frequency mode, and the temperature T1 is kept between 68 and 70 degrees.
2. The temperature sensor T2 controls the heat recovery secondary pump in a variable frequency way, and the temperature T2 is kept between 62 and 65 degrees.
3. When the temperature sensor T4 is higher than 64 ℃, the hot water return pump is started forcibly, which shows that the hot water consumption is less at the moment, but the waste heat of the hydrogen energy generator is more, and the water temperature in the domestic hot water tank can be reduced through the circulating hot water pipeline. If the temperature sensor T7 is higher than 63 ℃, the heat dissipation pump is started, heat which cannot be digested by domestic hot water is guided into the heat dissipation water tank, the heat dissipation water tank preferentially considers the air-conditioning heat storage water tank in the heating season, and then the domestic cold water tank, the fire water tank and the like are considered. These tanks are generally not small in volume and a short emergency heat dissipation does not change the tank temperature significantly. In particular, the fire water tank is not allowed to be used as a heat storage water tank, and the reason is that high-temperature water scalds people during fire fighting. This heat dissipation may not allow the temperature of the fire water tank to reach a high level.
4. When the temperature of water in the domestic water tank is lower than 54 degrees, the heat pump is started to heat domestic hot water, and when the temperature sensor T5 reaches 55 degrees, the heat pump is stopped to heat.
5. The start and stop of the hot water return pump are controlled by a temperature sensor T7 under the normal condition, the pump is started when the temperature is lower than 50 degrees, and the pump is stopped when the temperature is 52 degrees.
Claims (6)
1. And stable cooling water temperature is maintained, the heat dissipation requirement of the generator is matched through the adjustment of the cooling water circulation flow, and the power generation quantity is related to the frequency of the circulating water pump.
2. The method for determining the minimum volume of the heat storage water tank achieves the stability of the temperature of cooling water by arranging the heat storage water tank with the effective volume matched with the rated power of the generator.
3. The high generating efficiency that keeps of cogeneration during operation is the master control factor, retrieves the heat and need consider heat balance, through the balanced power consumption of heat accumulation buffer tank and with the desynchrony of heat, heat recovery is used for life hot water according to priority, and secondly air conditioner hot water, under the condition that can not heat balance after the two are retrieved, through emergent heat dissipation such as fire-fighting water pond (pipeline), cold water system.
4. The smaller hydrogen energy generator is matched with the closed heat storage buffer tank, and the open heat storage water tank is preferentially adopted when the generator power is larger.
5. The generator cooling system and the heat storage water tank adopt plate exchange indirect heat exchange to prevent the cooling system from scaling.
6. And (4) controlling the hot water return pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210537292.7A CN114754409A (en) | 2022-05-19 | 2022-05-19 | High-efficiency combined heat and power supply system of hydrogen generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210537292.7A CN114754409A (en) | 2022-05-19 | 2022-05-19 | High-efficiency combined heat and power supply system of hydrogen generator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114754409A true CN114754409A (en) | 2022-07-15 |
Family
ID=82334439
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210537292.7A Pending CN114754409A (en) | 2022-05-19 | 2022-05-19 | High-efficiency combined heat and power supply system of hydrogen generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114754409A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-05-19 CN CN202210537292.7A patent/CN114754409A/en active Pending
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