CN114753961A - Multi-directional bistable wave energy converter - Google Patents
Multi-directional bistable wave energy converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN114753961A CN114753961A CN202210271707.0A CN202210271707A CN114753961A CN 114753961 A CN114753961 A CN 114753961A CN 202210271707 A CN202210271707 A CN 202210271707A CN 114753961 A CN114753961 A CN 114753961A
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- wave energy
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
- F03B13/20—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" wherein both members, i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
Abstract
The invention discloses a multidirectional bistable wave energy converter, which comprises a left raft body, a right raft body and a hinge body between the left raft body and the right raft body, wherein the hinge structures on the two sides of the hinge body are arranged in a cross shape, so that the raft body on one side can move longitudinally relative to the hinge body, and the hinge body on the other side can move yawing relative to the hinge body; the center positions of the two sides of the articulated body and the center positions of the articulated ends of the two rafts are symmetrically provided with longitudinally telescopic bistable devices, and the articulated ends of the two rafts are respectively provided with a hydraulic power generation system. Bistable devices have the following advantages: the elastic force forms an elliptical potential energy well on the pitching and yawing phase planes, so that the pitching and yawing of the two raft bodies tend to be opposite, and the wave energy capturing efficiency is improved; the equivalent natural frequency of the transducer can be effectively reduced, and the wave energy capturing efficiency of the transducer in a low-frequency region is improved. The jumping characteristic between the two wells can effectively widen the wave energy conversion frequency band of the transducer, improve the conversion efficiency, increase the generating capacity and simultaneously improve the adaptability of the transducer under complex sea conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of renewable energy sources of ocean engineering, and relates to a multi-directional bistable wave energy converter.
Background
Vast oceans contain abundant energy sources, and wave energy is one of the most common forms. Compared with renewable clean energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and the like, the wave energy has the characteristic of high energy density. However, in the process of actually developing and utilizing wave energy, the reasons of low conversion efficiency, high installation and maintenance cost, poor universality and the like of the wave energy device exist, so that the large-scale production and application in practice are not realized at present.
There are many concepts of wave energy conversion, and among the wave energy conversion devices proposed so far, the articulated floating body wave energy converter has a high wave energy conversion efficiency and has a feature of not relying on a fixed constraint structure, which is widely adopted in the utilization of wave energy. Although articulated buoyant body wave energy conversion devices have great potential for use in ocean technology, they have not been developed on an industrial scale due to the slow progress of wave energy conversion technology and the harsh ocean conditions. The existing wave energy conversion device mostly converts wave energy into mechanical energy moving in a single degree of freedom direction such as a pitching or heaving direction, the wave energy absorption is limited, the wave energy conversion efficiency is reduced, meanwhile, the most important problem of the linear wave energy converter is that the wave energy capturing efficiency is not high, the device needs to have better wave energy conversion efficiency when wave excitation and the wave energy device resonate, the wave energy conversion efficiency is obviously reduced when the wave excitation frequency deviates from the resonance frequency, and the effective wave energy conversion frequency band is very narrow. In a nonlinear system, an additional nonlinear negative stiffness mechanism based on the idea of reducing the stiffness of the system is the most studied. The spring negative stiffness mechanism is mostly realized by the form of auxiliary spring compression, however, when the length of the compression spring is large, the instability phenomenon is easy to occur after the load is applied, and the adjustment is difficult under the actual complex and variable sea conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a multidirectional bistable wave energy converter with high conversion efficiency, flexible structure and strong adaptability.
The invention provides a multidirectional bistable wave energy converter, which comprises a left raft body, a right raft body and a hinge body between the left raft body and the right raft body, wherein the hinge structures on two sides of the hinge body are arranged in a cross shape, so that the raft body on one side can move longitudinally relative to the hinge body, and the hinge body on the other side can move forwards relative to the hinge body; bistable devices which can be longitudinally stretched and contracted are symmetrically arranged between the central positions of the two sides of the articulated body and the central positions of the articulated ends of the two raft bodies; the hinged end of two raft bodies is provided with hydraulic power generation system respectively, and hydraulic power generation system is including pole pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic motor and generator, and the piston rod of having the pole pneumatic cylinder is articulated with the hinged body, and the concertina movement of piston rod promotes hydraulic oil and makes hydraulic motor drive generator work electricity generation.
In an embodiment of above-mentioned technical scheme, raft body and articulated body are the hollow cylinder of constant diameter, and the length of raft body is greater than the length of articulated body, and the both ends of raft body and articulated body all have the end plate, and the nearly articulated end of raft body inner chamber is provided with the baffle.
In one embodiment of the above technical solution, two horizontal ear plates are symmetrically arranged on the end plate at one side of the hinge body, and two vertical ear plates are symmetrically arranged on the end plate at the other side of the hinge body, and are respectively located on the vertical center plane and the horizontal center plane of the corresponding end plate.
In an embodiment of above-mentioned technical scheme, be provided with on the end plate of the raft body with the corresponding both ears board of articulated body corresponding side end plate, when the raft body was assembled with the articulated body, it was articulated through the round pin axle after horizontal otic placode and vertical otic placode inserted respectively between the corresponding both ears board.
In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the bistable device includes two tension springs, two lead screws and two nut seats disposed thereon, the outer ends of the two lead screws are provided with a hanging ring at the center, and two ends of each tension spring are respectively connected with the hanging ring.
In an embodiment of the above technical scheme, bistable device with when raft body and hinge body assemble, extension spring and lead screw are located the axial direction central point of raft body and hinge body and put, and the nut seat on a lead screw is located raft body inner chamber, is connected with the inboard fixed block of the end plate of raft body through the fastener, and the nut seat on another lead screw is located the inner chamber of hinge body, is connected with the inboard fixed block of hinge body end plate through the fastener, and corresponding end plate is passed respectively at the both ends of extension spring.
In an embodiment of the above technical scheme, a hydraulic cylinder that is symmetrical about the bistable device front and back is arranged between the partition plate and the articulated body of one raft body, and a hydraulic cylinder that is symmetrical about the bistable device up and down is arranged between the other raft body and the articulated body.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the whole transducer is positioned on a still water surface, no relative motion exists between the raft bodies, the tension springs in the two bistable devices are in an initial stretching state, and the bistable devices are in an unstable equilibrium state. When the whole energy conversion device is subjected to wave action, the left raft body and the right raft body generate longitudinal and yawing motions, the two raft bodies and the hinged bodies move around the hinged pin shafts between the left raft body and the right raft body, and the tension spring and a piston rod of a hydraulic power generation system hydraulic cylinder are driven to move through a nut seat of the bistable device, so that the whole energy converter deviates from an unstable balance point; under the action of the bistable device, the rotation of the whole energy converter has the bistable motion characteristic, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder reciprocates in the cylinder sleeve to push hydraulic oil to enter a hydraulic system, so that the hydraulic motor drives the generator to generate electricity, and wave energy is converted into electric energy. Specifically, the potential energy curve of the bistable device of the present invention has a bistable characteristic, i.e., there are two potential energy wells. When the tension spring of the bistable device is in a stretching state, the tension spring is in the balance position of the whole energy conversion device, and the bistable device is in an unstable balance point. When the floating body rotates under the action of waves, the stretching amount of the tension spring is gradually reduced, when the floating body rotates by a specific angle, the tension spring is restored to the initial length from the stretching state, and at the moment, the bistable device is at a stable balance point. In the above process, the upper stable device exhibits a negative stiffness characteristic to the system due to the tensile state of the tension spring. As the hinge body continues to rotate, the tension spring continues to be compressed causing the bi-stable device to again exhibit positive stiffness characteristics. In a word, after the bistable device is additionally arranged on the energy conversion device, under the action of certain wave excitation, the elastic force of the bistable device can form an elliptical potential energy well on the phase plane of pitching motion and yawing, the long shaft of the hinge joint raft body is close to the modal direction of the pitching motion and the yawing motion of the hinge joint raft body, thereby amplifying the hinging motion of the raft body, simultaneously, the longitudinal motion and the yawing motion of the two rafts tend to be opposite, the phase control function is realized, the wave energy capturing efficiency is improved, on the other hand, the bistable device provides negative rigidity for the motions of the rafts and the hinged body, can effectively reduce the equivalent natural frequency of the energy conversion device, improve the wave energy capturing efficiency of the energy conversion device in a low-frequency region, meanwhile, due to the jumping characteristic between the two wells of the bistable device, the wave energy conversion frequency band of the energy conversion device can be effectively widened, the conversion efficiency is improved, the generated energy is increased, and the adaptability of the energy conversion device under complex sea conditions is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1 (without showing the hydraulic power generation system between the right raft and the articulation).
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 3 (the hydraulic power generation system on the right side is not shown).
Fig. 5 is a force function graph of the bistable device of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a graph illustrating potential energy of the bistable device of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a graph comparing wave energy capture width of the present embodiment with that of a conventional raft wave energy conversion device.
Detailed Description
As can be seen from fig. 1 to 4, the multi-directional bistable wave energy converter disclosed in the present embodiment comprises a left raft body 1, a hinge body 2, a right raft body 3, a horizontal ear plate 4, a vertical ear plate 5, a bistable device 6 and a hydraulic system 7.
Two horizontal otic placodes 4 about the right side end plate outside symmetry of articulated body 2 sets up, and two vertical otic placodes 5 around the left side end plate outside symmetry sets up, and they are located vertical central plane and the horizontal central plane of corresponding end plate respectively, are the cross and arrange.
Set up on the end plate of left raft body 1 and articulate 2 vertical double-ear plates 11 that the vertical otic placode in left side is corresponding, set up on the end plate of right raft body 3 and articulate 2 horizontal double-ear plates 31 that the horizontal otic placode in right side is corresponding.
When two raft bodies and the articulated body are assembled, the horizontal ear plates and the vertical ear plates on the articulated body are respectively inserted between the corresponding double ear plates on the corresponding raft bodies and then are rotatably articulated through the pin shafts. In the initial state, the two raft bodies and the hinge body are arranged coaxially to the central line.
The bistable device 6 comprises a tension spring 61, a screw rod 62 and a nut seat 63 arranged on the tension spring, wherein the screw rod 62 is provided with two screw rods, the center positions of the outer ends of the two screw rods are provided with hanging rings, and the two ends of the tension spring 61 are respectively connected with the hanging rings at the outer ends of the screw rod 62.
The bistable device 6 has a left set and a right set, which are respectively connected between the left raft body and the articulated body and between the right raft body and the articulated body. In an initial state, the tension springs of the two bistable devices are positioned on the axial central lines of the two raft bodies and the hinge body, two ends of the two tension springs 61 respectively penetrate through the end plate of the hinge body 2 and the end plate of the corresponding side raft body, the screw rod 62 and the nut seat 63 on the screw rod are respectively positioned in the inner cavities of the raft bodies and the hinge body, the end plates of the raft bodies and the hinge body are provided with fixed blocks GDK for connecting the nut seats, and the nut seat 63 and the fixed blocks GDK are fixed through screws so that the screw rod 62 can axially move relative to the nut seat 63.
The hydraulic power generation system 7 is provided with a left raft body and a right raft body which are connected between the left raft body and the hinge body and between the right raft body and the hinge body, each set of hydraulic power generation system comprises a hydraulic cylinder 71, an oil pipe 72 and a power generation box 73, the pipeline, equipment configuration and hydraulic control principle of the power generation box refer to the scheme disclosed in a floating platform (CN 107444575A) capable of generating power by utilizing wave energy, and a hydraulic motor and a power generator driven by the hydraulic motor are arranged in the power generation box.
Two hydraulic cylinders 71 of the left hydraulic power generation system 7 are symmetrically arranged on the vertical axial center plane of the screw rod 62 of the bistable device 6. Two hydraulic cylinders of the right hydraulic power generation system 7 are arranged on the horizontal axial center plane of the screw rod of the bistable device in a bilateral symmetry manner.
The hydraulic cylinder 71 and the generator box 73 are respectively fixed on the partition GB in the two rafts, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 71 is rotatably hinged with the double-lug plate on the end plate of the hinged body 2 through a pin shaft. Namely, two end plates of the articulated body 2 are respectively provided with a piston rod which is connected with a hydraulic cylinder by two equidirectional double ear plates which are arranged in a cross shape with the articulated ear plates of the raft body.
When the whole transduction device is positioned on a still water surface, no relative motion exists between the raft bodies, the tension springs in the two bistable devices are in an initial stretching state, the bistable devices are in an unstable equilibrium state, and at the moment, the relationships among potential energy, force and displacement of the bistable devices are shown in figures 5 and 6.
When the whole transduction device is acted by waves, the left raft body and the right raft body move longitudinally and bow, the two raft bodies and the hinge body move around each hinge pin between the left raft body and the right raft body and the hinge body drives the tension spring and the piston rod of the hydraulic power generation system hydraulic cylinder to move through the nut seat of the bistable device, so that the whole transduction device deviates from an unstable balance point; under the action of the bistable device, the rotation of the whole energy conversion device has the bistable motion characteristic, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder reciprocates in the cylinder sleeve to push hydraulic oil to enter a hydraulic system, so that the hydraulic motor drives the generator to generate electricity, and wave energy is converted into electric energy.
Fig. 7 is a comparison of the wave energy capture width ratio of raft wave energy converters with and without the bistable device of the invention, where the x-axis represents the wave frequency ω*The y-axis represents the width of wave energy capture
As can be seen from fig. 7, the peak value of the wave energy capture width ratio of the present transducer device is significantly increased by introducing the bistable device, and the wave frequency band of the wave energy capture is expanded toward the low frequency region. Waves in the sea are mainly low-frequency waves with the period concentrated in 5-9 s, can adapt to the marine environment, and meanwhile, after the bistable device is additionally arranged, the capture energy is improved by about 60%.
As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the potential energy curve of the bistable device has a bistable characteristic, i.e. there are two potential energy wells. When the tension spring of the bistable device is in a stretching state, the tension spring is in the balance position of the whole energy conversion device, and the bistable device is in an unstable balance point. When the floating body rotates under the action of waves, the stretching amount of the tension spring is gradually reduced, when the floating body rotates by a specific angle, the tension spring is restored to the initial length from the stretching state, and at the moment, the bistable device is at a stable balance point. In the above process, the upper steady-state device exhibits a negative stiffness characteristic to the system due to the tension state of the tension spring. As the hinge body continues to rotate, the tension spring continues to be compressed causing the bi-stable device to again exhibit positive stiffness characteristics. In a word, after the bistable device is additionally arranged, under the action of certain wave excitation, the elastic force of the bistable device can form an elliptical potential energy well on the phase plane of pitching motion and yawing, the long axis of the hinge joint raft body is close to the modal direction of the longitudinal and yawing motions of the hinge joint raft body, thereby amplifying the hinging motion of the raft body, simultaneously, the longitudinal motion and the yawing motion of the two rafts tend to be opposite, the phase control function is realized, the wave energy capturing efficiency is improved, on the other hand, the bistable device provides negative rigidity for the motions of the rafts and the hinged body, can effectively reduce the equivalent natural frequency of the energy conversion device, improve the wave energy capturing efficiency of the energy conversion device in a low-frequency region, meanwhile, due to the jumping characteristic between the two wells of the bistable device, the wave energy conversion frequency band of the energy conversion device can be effectively widened, the conversion efficiency is improved, the generated energy is increased, and the adaptability of the energy conversion device under complex sea conditions is improved.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-directional bistable wave energy converter, characterized by:
the raft comprises a left raft body, a right raft body and a hinge body between the left raft body and the right raft body, wherein the hinge structures on two sides of the hinge body are arranged in a cross shape, so that the raft body on one side can move in a pitching mode relative to the hinge body, and the hinge body on the other side can move in a yawing mode relative to the hinge body;
bistable devices which can be longitudinally stretched and contracted are symmetrically arranged between the central positions of the two sides of the articulated body and the central positions of the articulated ends of the two raft bodies;
the hinged end of two raft bodies is provided with hydraulic power generation system respectively, and hydraulic power generation system is including pole hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic motor and generator, and the piston rod of having the pole hydraulic cylinder is articulated with the hinged body, and the concertina movement of piston rod promotes hydraulic oil and makes hydraulic motor drive generator work electricity generation.
2. A multi-directional bistable wave energy converter as recited in claim 1, wherein: the raft body and the hinge body are hollow cylinders with equal diameters, the length of the raft body is greater than that of the hinge body, end plates are arranged at two ends of the raft body and the hinge body, and a partition plate is arranged at the position, close to the hinge end, of an inner cavity of the raft body.
3. A multidirectional bistable wave energy converter according to claim 2, wherein: the hinge body is characterized in that an upper horizontal lug plate and a lower horizontal lug plate are symmetrically arranged on an end plate on one side of the hinge body, and a front vertical lug plate and a rear vertical lug plate are symmetrically arranged on an end plate on the other side of the hinge body and are respectively positioned on a vertical central plane and a horizontal central plane of a corresponding end plate.
4. A multidirectional bistable wave energy converter according to claim 3, wherein: be provided with on the end plate of the raft body with the corresponding two otic placodes of articulated body corresponding side end plate, when the raft body was assembled with the articulated body, it was articulated through the round pin axle after horizontal otic placode and vertical otic placode inserted respectively between the corresponding two otic placodes.
5. A multidirectional bistable wave energy converter according to claim 4, wherein: the bistable device comprises tension springs, a screw rod and a nut seat arranged on the screw rod, the number of the screw rods is two, hanging rings are arranged at the central positions of the outer ends of the two screw rods, and the two ends of each tension spring are respectively connected with the hanging rings.
6. A multidirectional bistable wave energy converter according to claim 5, wherein: the bistable device with when raft body and articulated body assemble, extension spring and lead screw are located the axial direction central point of raft body and articulated body and put, and the nut seat on a lead screw is located raft body inner chamber, is connected through the fastener and the inboard fixed block of the end plate of raft body, and the nut seat on another lead screw is located the inner chamber of articulated body, is connected through the fastener and the inboard fixed block of articulated body end plate, and corresponding end plate is passed respectively at the both ends of extension spring.
7. A multidirectional bistable wave energy converter according to claim 6, wherein: and hydraulic cylinders which are symmetrical front and back about the bistable device are arranged between the partition plate of one raft body and the articulated body, and hydraulic cylinders which are symmetrical up and down about the bistable device are arranged between the other raft body and the articulated body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210271707.0A CN114753961A (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | Multi-directional bistable wave energy converter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210271707.0A CN114753961A (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | Multi-directional bistable wave energy converter |
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| CN114753961A true CN114753961A (en) | 2022-07-15 |
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| CN202210271707.0A Pending CN114753961A (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | Multi-directional bistable wave energy converter |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN115199712A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-10-18 | 湖南大学 | Self-adjusting bistable wave energy converter |
| CN115199712B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2024-04-26 | 湖南大学 | Self-adjusting bistable wave energy converter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115199712B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2024-04-26 | 湖南大学 | Self-adjusting bistable wave energy converter |
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