CN114753953B - Centrifugal nozzle with carbon deposition self-cleaning function - Google Patents
Centrifugal nozzle with carbon deposition self-cleaning function Download PDFInfo
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- CN114753953B CN114753953B CN202210540108.4A CN202210540108A CN114753953B CN 114753953 B CN114753953 B CN 114753953B CN 202210540108 A CN202210540108 A CN 202210540108A CN 114753953 B CN114753953 B CN 114753953B
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- shell
- fuel
- backflow
- oil
- cathode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
- F02M65/007—Cleaning
- F02M65/008—Cleaning of injectors only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a centrifugal nozzle with a carbon deposition self-cleaning function, which comprises an insulating shell, an oil pipeline, a reflux device, a cathode shell and an anode shell, wherein the oil pipeline is positioned in the insulating shell, a fuel main flow channel is formed between the oil pipeline and the insulating shell, the end parts of the insulating shell and the oil pipeline are connected with one end of the cathode shell, the other end of the cathode shell is provided with a nozzle, the cathode shell is positioned in the anode shell, an air flow channel is formed between the cathode shell and the anode shell, and the anode shell is clamped on the insulating shell; one part of the backflow device extends into the fuel oil channel of the cathode shell, the other part of the backflow device is fixed in an oil channel pipeline, a fuel oil backflow channel and a fuel oil inlet are arranged on the oil channel pipeline, the fuel oil backflow channel is communicated with the backflow device, the fuel oil inlet is communicated with a fuel oil main flow channel, and the fuel oil main flow channel is also communicated with the fuel oil channel of the cathode shell. The invention utilizes the thermal effect and the electric effect of sliding arc discharge to rapidly remove carbon deposition under the condition of no disassembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nozzle structures of engines, in particular to a centrifugal nozzle with a carbon deposition self-cleaning function.
Background
With the large number of applications of heat engines and power machines, the demand of fossil fuels is increasing. Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels results in the generation of carbon deposits that continue to deposit with the use of machinery, easily causing nozzle blockage, and reducing combustion efficiency.
At present, the carbon deposit removing mode of the nozzle is mainly divided into two main types, the first type is to detach the nozzle, mechanically remove the carbon deposit, then carry out ultrasonic vibration cleaning, chemical cleaning and the like, the carbon removal mode is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the whole removing can be generally carried out before and after the overhaul period. The second type is a non-dismantling mode, carbon deposition of the nozzle is removed by ventilating the thermal machinery, the mode needs external air sources and other equipment and is provided with a special cleaning machine room, but the carbon deposition has enough time to complete deposition in the processes of external air sources and equipment of the cleaning machine room, so the cleaning is not timely; forceful blowing in this manner may also cause large carbon deposits to be unable to be cleaned or cause partial blockage.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problem of carbon deposition cleaning, the invention provides the three-dimensional sliding arc carbon deposition self-cleaning nozzle by combining the electric arc and the nozzle by utilizing the thermal effect and the electric effect of the sliding arc, and the three-dimensional sliding arc carbon deposition self-cleaning nozzle can rapidly remove the carbon deposition under the condition of non-disassembly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the application provides a centrifugal nozzle with a carbon deposition self-cleaning function, which comprises an insulating shell, an oil way pipeline, a backflow device, a cathode shell and an anode shell, wherein the oil way pipeline is positioned in the insulating shell, a fuel main flow channel is formed between the oil way pipeline and the insulating shell, the end parts of the insulating shell and the oil way pipeline are connected with one end of the cathode shell, the other end of the cathode shell is provided with a nozzle, the cathode shell is positioned in the anode shell, an air flow channel is formed between the cathode shell and the anode shell, and the anode shell is clamped on the insulating shell; one part of the backflow device extends into the fuel oil channel of the cathode shell, the other part of the backflow device is fixed in an oil channel pipeline, a fuel oil backflow channel and a fuel oil inlet are arranged on the oil channel pipeline, the fuel oil backflow channel is communicated with the backflow device, the fuel oil inlet is communicated with a fuel oil main flow channel, and the fuel oil main flow channel is also communicated with the fuel oil channel of the cathode shell.
Furthermore, the backflow device comprises a swirler, a spring fixing shell, a spring and a cover plate, wherein the swirler is located in the fuel backflow outer cover, the swirler is sleeved on the spring fixing shell, a groove cavity for accommodating the spring is formed in the end portion of the spring fixing shell, the spring is connected with one side of the cover plate, the cover plate is in contact with the inner wall of the fuel backflow outer cover when the spring is in a non-compression state, and a backflow hole communicated with the fuel backflow passage is formed in the fuel backflow outer cover.
Furthermore, the fuel oil backflow outer cover, the cathode shell and the anode shell are made of metal, and the end part of the fuel oil backflow outer cover and the cathode shell are of a gradually-reduced annular structure along the fuel oil injection direction.
Furthermore, a plurality of swirl holes are formed in the cathode shell and the anode shell.
Further, the fuel injection process of the centrifugal nozzle is as follows: the fuel enters the fuel main flow channel from the fuel inlet of the oil way pipeline, then enters the fuel channel through the swirl hole of the cathode shell, and then is sprayed out from the nozzle of the cathode shell in a swirl mode.
Furthermore, the fuel backflow process of the centrifugal nozzle is as follows: the choked fuel can be accumulated at the position of a nozzle corresponding to the fuel backflow outer cover, and when the pressure of the fuel is overlarge, the cover plate can be pushed to compress the spring, so that the backflow channel is opened; and redundant fuel oil flows through a flow passage between the fuel oil backflow outer cover and the spring fixing shell and then returns to the oil tank through the fuel oil backflow passage of the swirler and the oil pipeline.
Furthermore, the carbon removal process of the centrifugal nozzle is divided into inner ring carbon removal and outer ring carbon removal; when the inner ring is decarbonized: connecting the fuel oil backflow outer cover with the positive electrode of an external power supply, connecting the cathode shell with the negative electrode of the external power supply, and generating an annular arc at the position of the annular tip between the cathode shell and the anode shell; when the outer ring is decarbonized: the cathode shell is connected with the cathode of a power supply, the anode shell is connected with the anode of the power supply, discharge occurs between the cathode shell and the anode, high-speed air enters an airflow channel along a rotational flow hole of the anode shell to generate rotational flow so as to generate a three-dimensional sliding arc to move towards the nozzle, when the air moves to the position of the nozzle, the surface carbon deposition at the nozzle is removed by utilizing the heat effect and the electric effect of the three-dimensional sliding arc, and the discharge and the air jet flow are simultaneously carried out.
Furthermore, the centrifugal nozzle can also perform secondary ignition, and specifically comprises: when fuel is injected, the cathode shell is externally connected with a power supply cathode, the anode shell is connected with a power supply anode, and the discharge voltage between the cathode shell and the anode shell is adjusted to enable the generated three-dimensional sliding arc to move in the airflow channel to avoid contacting with the fuel; when the three-dimensional sliding arc moves to the nozzle position, the fuel spray cone is ignited.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the invention has the advantages that: the three-dimensional sliding arc is combined with the centrifugal nozzle based on the electrothermal property of the three-dimensional sliding arc, so that carbon deposition on the surface and in the nozzle can be removed under the condition that fuel oil is not injected, and the disassembly treatment is not needed; when the fuel nozzle works, three-dimensional sliding arc discharge under low voltage forms air plasma to accelerate fuel atomization; when the device is not in operation, the carbon deposit removing condition around the discharge area is good, and the carbon deposit removing can be carried out under the condition that the carbon deposit is less generated, so that the effect is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a centrifugal nozzle with carbon deposition self-cleaning function;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a centrifugal nozzle with carbon deposition self-cleaning function;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a centrifugal nozzle with carbon deposition self-cleaning function;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a fuel injection process of a centrifugal nozzle with carbon deposition self-cleaning function;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a fuel recirculation process of a centrifugal nozzle with carbon deposition self-cleaning function;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of an arc discharge process of an inner ring of a centrifugal nozzle with a carbon deposition self-cleaning function;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of an arc discharge process of an outer ring of a centrifugal nozzle with a carbon deposition self-cleaning function;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a centrifugal nozzle air flow process with carbon deposition self-cleaning function;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of the overall process of the centrifugal nozzle arc discharge carbon removal with carbon deposition self-cleaning function;
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the overall operation of a swirler with carbon deposition self-cleaning function;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of air plasma atomization of a centrifugal nozzle with a carbon deposition self-cleaning function;
the sequence numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. the fuel oil return passage comprises an oil pipeline 11, a fuel oil return passage 12, a fuel oil inlet 2, an insulating shell 3, a fuel oil return outer cover 31, a return hole 4, a swirler 5, a spring fixing shell 6, a spring 7, a cover plate 8, a cathode shell 81, a swirl hole of the cathode shell 9, an anode shell 91 and a swirl hole of the anode shell.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the application, i.e., the embodiments described are only a subset of, and not all embodiments of the application. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a centrifugal nozzle with carbon deposition self-cleaning function, which includes an oil pipeline 1, an insulating casing 2, a backflow device, a cathode casing 8, and an anode casing 9; the oil pipeline 1 is made of ceramic materials, a fuel inlet 12 and a fuel backflow passage 11 are formed in the oil pipeline 1, and the front end of the oil pipeline 1 is connected with the cathode shell 8. The insulating housing 2 is used to fix the relative positions of the cathode housing 8 and the anode housing 9 and separate the cathode and the anode to form a gas flow passage therebetween. The backflow device comprises a fuel backflow outer cover 3, a swirler 4, a spring fixing shell 5, a spring 6 and a cover plate 7, and when the flow of the centrifugal nozzle is too large, the atomization performance is sharply reduced, so that redundant fuel is guided into the oil return tank by the backflow device; the fuel oil backflow outer cover 4 is fixed in the oil pipeline 1; the swirler 4 is used for supporting the spring fixing shell and rectifying fuel to avoid the condition of uneven backflow process. The spring fixing shell 5 is used for controlling the position of the spring 6 and plays a role in limiting and supporting the spring 6. The cover plate 7 is in contact with the inner wall of the fuel backflow outer cover under normal conditions, when sufficient backflow fuel oil compresses the spring, the cover plate 7 moves at the moment, and the fuel oil can enter the backflow flow channel. The spring is responsible for the laminating of apron 7 and fuel backward flow dustcoat 3 to adjust when the fuel pressure changes and reset.
As shown in fig. 2, the centrifugal nozzle performs fuel injection, arc discharge, and fuel backflow process when the fuel flow rate is large, specifically:
step one, a fuel injection process when a nozzle works normally: the fuel enters the fuel main flow channel from the fuel inlet 12 of the oil pipeline 1, then enters the fuel channel through the swirl hole of the cathode shell, and then sprays atomized fuel from the nozzle of the cathode shell in a swirl mode, wherein the flowing process is shown in figure 4.
Step two, a reflux process when fuel oil is choked: the structure is designed for avoiding the nozzle from being blocked by overlarge fuel flow under high pressure of the centrifugal nozzle and easily generating fuel coking at high temperature of the nozzle.
The choked fuel accumulates at the nozzle position of the fuel return housing 3 and pushes the cover plate 7 to compress the spring 6 when the pressure of the fuel is too high, thereby opening the return passage. The excess fuel flows through the flow passage between the fuel return outer cover and the spring fixing shell and then returns to the fuel tank through the fuel return passage of the swirler and the oil passage pipe, as shown in fig. 5.
Step three, the whole carbon removal process after fuel oil spraying is finished: the fuel oil backflow outer cover 3, the cathode shell 8 and the anode shell 9 are all made of metal, and the discharging phase difference among the fuel oil backflow outer cover, the cathode shell and the anode shell is guaranteed so as to achieve the discharging effect. The carbon removal operation is carried out after the spraying is finished, so that the surface carbon can be removed. The whole decarbonization process comprises inner ring decarbonization and outer ring decarbonization:
inner ring carbon removal: in order to avoid residual fuel in the fuel flow channel after the fuel injection is finished and coking and deposition of the fuel between the fuel backflow outer cover 3 and the cathode shell 8 in the nozzle, the carbon inside the nozzle is removed in an arc discharge mode, the fuel backflow outer cover 3 is externally connected with a power supply anode, the cathode shell 8 is externally connected with a power supply cathode, the fuel backflow outer cover 3 and the cathode shell generate annular arcs at the annular tip positions, and the discharge process is shown in fig. 6.
Outer ring carbon removal: the cathode shell 8 is externally connected with the negative pole of a power supply, and the anode shell 9 is connected with the positive pole of the power supply. Discharging is carried out between the anode shell and the cathode shell, high-speed air enters the airflow channel along the rotational flow hole of the anode shell to generate rotational flow to blow the three-dimensional sliding arc to move towards the nozzle, when the air moves to the position of the nozzle, the carbon deposit on the surface of the nozzle is removed by utilizing the thermal effect of the three-dimensional sliding arc, and at the moment, the discharging and the air jet flow are carried out simultaneously. The air flow and the arc discharge process are shown in fig. 7 and 8. The overall process of carbon removal is shown in figure 9.
The principle of removing the carbon deposit is as follows: and removing carbon deposition on the surface of the head part of the nozzle and in the nozzle by using a three-dimensional sliding arc. The carbon deposit in the nozzle head and the nozzle pipe can be effectively removed after the fuel injection process of the gas turbine/engine is closed, the carbon deposit can be effectively removed under the condition of no disassembly, and the carbon removal effect is good; the carbon removing discharge time is short, and the due carbon removing effect can be achieved. In the whole process, when the arc discharge and the air flow process are combined, no fuel oil flows; the air always flows along the outside to the air flow passage.
If used on an aircraft engine, the centrifugal nozzle can also perform secondary ignition: the sliding arc has great energy, can pass through the electric arc that produces between the electrode when flame-out, and the electric arc has enough energy, therefore the arc discharge can ignite again, can secondary ignition in aeroengine to guarantee thrust and increase the flight envelope.
The specific operation process is that during the first step of normal discharge, the cathode shell is externally connected with the negative electrode of a power supply, the anode shell is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the discharge voltage between the cathode shell and the anode shell is adjusted to ensure that the generated three-dimensional sliding arc moves in the airflow channel to avoid contacting with fuel oil; when the three-dimensional sliding arc moves to the nozzle position, the fuel oil spray cone is ignited to achieve the purpose of ignition.
The arc discharge can ionize air to generate plasma so as to increase atomization and a fuel oil combustion process, and therefore air plasma can be formed to assist atomization and ignition. As shown in fig. 11.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A centrifugal nozzle with a carbon deposition self-cleaning function is characterized by comprising an insulating shell, an oil line pipeline, a backflow device, a cathode shell and an anode shell, wherein the oil line pipeline is positioned in the insulating shell, a fuel main flow channel is formed between the oil line pipeline and the insulating shell, the end parts of the insulating shell and the oil line pipeline are connected with one end of the cathode shell, a nozzle is arranged at the other end of the cathode shell, the cathode shell is positioned in the anode shell, an air flow channel is formed between the cathode shell and the anode shell, and the anode shell is clamped on the insulating shell; one part of the backflow device extends into the fuel oil channel of the cathode shell, the other part of the backflow device is fixed in an oil channel pipeline, a fuel oil backflow channel and a fuel oil inlet are arranged on the oil channel pipeline, the fuel oil backflow channel is communicated with the backflow device, the fuel oil inlet is communicated with a fuel oil main flow channel, and the fuel oil main flow channel is also communicated with the fuel oil channel of the cathode shell;
the backflow device comprises a swirler, a spring fixing shell, a spring and a cover plate, wherein the swirler is positioned in the fuel backflow outer cover, the swirler is sleeved on the spring fixing shell, a groove cavity for accommodating the spring is formed in the end part of the spring fixing shell, the spring is connected with one side of the cover plate, the cover plate is contacted with the inner wall of the fuel backflow outer cover when the spring is in a non-compressed state, and a backflow hole communicated with the fuel backflow passage is formed in the fuel backflow outer cover;
the fuel oil backflow outer cover and the cathode shell are made of metal, the end part of the fuel oil backflow outer cover and the cathode shell are in a gradually-reduced annular structure along the fuel oil injection direction;
the carbon removal process of the centrifugal nozzle comprises inner ring carbon removal and outer ring carbon removal; when the inner ring is decarbonized: connecting the fuel oil return outer cover with the positive electrode of an external power supply, connecting the cathode shell with the negative electrode of the external power supply, and generating annular electric arc between the cathode shell and the anode at the position of the annular tip; and when the outer ring is subjected to carbon removal: the cathode shell is connected with the cathode of a power supply, the anode shell is connected with the anode of the power supply, discharge occurs between the cathode shell and the anode, high-speed air enters an airflow channel along a rotational flow hole of the anode shell to generate rotational flow so as to generate a three-dimensional sliding arc to move towards the nozzle, when the air moves to the position of the nozzle, the surface carbon deposition at the nozzle is removed by utilizing the heat effect and the electric effect of the three-dimensional sliding arc, and the discharge and the air jet flow are simultaneously carried out.
2. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the cathode housing and the anode housing each have a plurality of swirl holes.
3. The swirler with carbon deposit self-cleaning function as recited in claim 1, wherein the fuel injection process of the swirler is as follows: the fuel enters the fuel main flow channel from the fuel inlet of the oil way pipeline, then enters the fuel channel through the swirl hole of the cathode shell, and then is sprayed out from the nozzle of the cathode shell in a swirl mode.
4. The swirler with carbon deposit self-cleaning function as recited in claim 1, wherein the fuel backflow process of the swirler is as follows: the choked fuel can be accumulated at the position of a nozzle corresponding to the fuel backflow outer cover, and when the pressure of the fuel is overlarge, the cover plate can be pushed to compress the spring, so that the backflow channel is opened; and redundant fuel oil flows through a flow passage between the fuel oil backflow outer cover and the spring fixing shell and then returns to the oil tank through the fuel oil backflow passage of the swirler and the oil pipeline.
5. The swirler of claim 3, wherein the swirler is further capable of performing a secondary ignition, and specifically comprises: when fuel is injected, the cathode shell is externally connected with a power negative electrode, the anode shell is connected with a power positive electrode, and the discharge voltage between the cathode shell and the anode shell is adjusted to enable the generated three-dimensional sliding arc to move in the airflow channel to avoid contacting with the fuel; when the three-dimensional sliding arc moves to the nozzle position, the fuel spray cone is ignited.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210540108.4A CN114753953B (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Centrifugal nozzle with carbon deposition self-cleaning function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210540108.4A CN114753953B (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Centrifugal nozzle with carbon deposition self-cleaning function |
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| CN114753953A CN114753953A (en) | 2022-07-15 |
| CN114753953B true CN114753953B (en) | 2023-03-31 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115288847B (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-06 | 山东重康机电设备有限公司 | Fuel spray nozzle cleaning equipment |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0806565A1 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1997-11-12 | Keihin Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd | Electromagnetic fuel injection valve |
| CN105240180A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-13 | 常州机电职业技术学院 | Self-cleaning oil injector |
| CN206694167U (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-12-01 | 上海工程技术大学 | The centrifuging temperature spray nozzle device of stable atomization quality |
| CN215761993U (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-02-08 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Fuel injection system and vehicle |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE524537T1 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2011-09-15 | Infineum Int Ltd | METHOD AND APPLICATION FOR PREVENTING DEPOSITS IN A FUEL INJECTOR |
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- 2022-05-18 CN CN202210540108.4A patent/CN114753953B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0806565A1 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1997-11-12 | Keihin Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd | Electromagnetic fuel injection valve |
| CN105240180A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-13 | 常州机电职业技术学院 | Self-cleaning oil injector |
| CN206694167U (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-12-01 | 上海工程技术大学 | The centrifuging temperature spray nozzle device of stable atomization quality |
| CN215761993U (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-02-08 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Fuel injection system and vehicle |
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