CN114752357A - Energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant and application thereof - Google Patents

Energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant and application thereof Download PDF

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CN114752357A
CN114752357A CN202210317682.3A CN202210317682A CN114752357A CN 114752357 A CN114752357 A CN 114752357A CN 202210317682 A CN202210317682 A CN 202210317682A CN 114752357 A CN114752357 A CN 114752357A
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refrigerant
energy
saving
mass
percent
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CN114752357B (en
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何国庚
刘菁菁
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Hubei Huahui Supportan Energy Management Co
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Hubei Huahui Supportan Energy Management Co
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/042Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10Components
    • C09K2205/12Hydrocarbons
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/40Replacement mixtures
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly refrigerant and application thereof. The energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 11 to 20 percent of ethane and 89 to 80 percent of propylene. Compared with R32 and R410a refrigerants, the energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant provided by the invention has the advantages of lower charging amount and higher refrigeration coefficient, and the energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant provided by the invention has lower exhaust temperature, is beneficial to the operation of a refrigeration compressor, and has higher reliability. The energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant has no damage to the ozone layer, has extremely low greenhouse effect and better environmental protection property, and has remarkable energy-saving and emission-reducing benefits.

Description

Energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly refrigerant and application thereof.
Background
In the field of refrigeration and air conditioning, R22 is the most widely used refrigerant, and especially R22 is almost used in the room air conditioner industry. However, since R22 destroys the ozone layer (ODP >0), belonging to Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), according to the contents of the amendments of montreal protocol, the elimination of Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) should be accelerated, and R22 also has a higher global warming potential (GWP ═ 1810). The countries represented by the united states, japan, etc. have banned the use of R22, and in china R22 has been increasingly replaced by some refrigerants that do not have a damaging effect on the ozone layer, and in particular in the room air conditioner industry, it has been substantially replaced by R32 and R410A, where R32 has a greenhouse effect of only about one third of that of R410A because it does not destroy the ozone layer, and has a great share in the replacement of R22.
Under the nominal working condition of the room air conditioner, the unit volume refrigerating capacity of R32 is 1.55 times of that of R22, namely the working volume of the R32 refrigeration compressor is only 64.5% of that of R22, and the condensing pressure of R32 is 1.62 times of that of R22, so when R32 replaces R22, the refrigeration compressor is redesigned and a new manufacturing process is planned, and the whole refrigeration system redesigns and manufactures a refrigeration heat exchanger, a refrigerant pipeline, a valve and the like to improve the pressure bearing capacity.
Although both R32 and R410A have no damaging effect on the ozone layer, they still have high GWP values (global warming potential), R410A has a GWP value of 2010 and R32 has a GWP value of 672, and they are listed as HFC-like substances in the list of the requirements for abatement in the basal galileo amendment of montreal protocol, which clearly determines the abatement progress of HFCs. China is receiving amendments of the Montreal protocol, and is accelerating to eliminate HCFCs which are related to environmental hazards and cut down HFCs refrigerants. Therefore, both R32 and R410A can only be used as transition refrigerants. Currently, however, there is a gap in the alternative to R32.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above drawbacks and needs of improvement of the prior art, the present invention provides an energy-saving and environment-friendly refrigerant and its application, which aims to develop a novel refrigerant, thereby solving the technical problems of R32 and R410A that are harmful to the environment.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy-saving and environment-friendly refrigerant, which is a binary mixture of ethane (R170) and propylene (R1270), and the sum of the mass percentage concentrations of the components in the mixed refrigerant is 100%. Specifically, the refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 11 to 20 percent of ethane and 89 to 80 percent of propylene.
Preferably, the refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 13 to 17 percent of ethane and 83 to 87 percent of propylene.
Preferably, the refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 17% of ethane and 83% of propylene.
Preferably, the refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: ethane 20% and propylene 80%.
Preferably, the refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: ethane 15% and propylene 85%.
Preferably, the refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: ethane 13% and propylene 87%.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a use of an energy-saving and environment-friendly refrigerant as a refrigerant in a household refrigeration appliance, a stationary refrigeration system or a mobile air-conditioning system. Among these, a stationary refrigeration system such as a chiller or the like.
Preferably, it is used instead of R32 refrigerant or R410A refrigerant.
In general, at least the following advantages can be obtained by the above technical solution conceived by the present invention compared to the prior art.
1. The refrigerant provided by the invention has zero ODP and a GWP value of only about 20, and has obvious environmental protection advantages;
2. the COP value of the refrigerant provided by the invention is obviously higher than the COP value of R32 and the COP value of R410A, and the refrigerant has the advantages of obvious energy conservation and emission reduction.
3. The unit volume refrigerating capacity of the refrigerant provided by the invention is very close to the unit volume refrigerating capacity of R32 and the unit volume refrigerating capacity of R410A, the refrigerant does not need to replace a refrigerating compressor, and the refrigerant can be directly applied to replace R32 and R410A without replacing too many parts or only changing part of the parts.
4. The system charging amount of the refrigerant provided by the invention is only 54% -77% of that of R32 and R410A, so that the refrigerant consumption can be greatly saved, and the insecurity of refrigerant leakage can be indirectly reduced.
5. The refrigerant provided by the invention can fill the blank in the substitution scheme of R32 and R410A refrigerants with higher GWP values, and has important significance for the development of environment-friendly refrigerants in the field of refrigeration and low temperature and the acceleration of elimination of refrigerants with high GWP values in China.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the respective embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the specific implementation of the invention, the refrigerants R170 and R1270 used are commonly used in the technical field of refrigeration and low temperature, wherein the mass percent of ethane (R170) is 11-20%, and the mass percent of propylene (R1270) is 89-80%.
The energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant can be prepared by physically mixing the two component substances according to the specified mass ratio at normal temperature.
Table 1 shows the basic parameters of the components ethane (R170) and propylene (R1270) contained in the energy saving and environment friendly refrigerant of the present invention.
Table 1: basic physical Property parameters of R170 and R1270
Parameter(s) R170 R1270
Molecular formula C2H6 C3H6
Relative molecular mass 30 42.1
Normal boiling point deg.C -88.58 -47.62
Critical pressure MPa 4.872 4.555
Critical temperature of 32.17 91.06
Critical density kg/m3 206.18 229.63
Level of security A3 A3
ODP 0 0
GWP ~20 ~20
Example 1
Taking R170 and R1270 refrigerants commonly used in the refrigerant field, and taking 20 mass percent of R170 and 80 mass percent of R1270 to fully and physically mix in a liquid phase state to obtain the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.
Example 2
Taking R170 and R1270 refrigerants commonly used in the refrigerant field, and taking 17 mass percent of R170 and 83 mass percent of R1270 to fully and physically mix in a liquid phase state to obtain a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.
Example 3
Taking R170 and R1270 refrigerants commonly used in the refrigerant field, and taking 15 percent by mass of R170 and 85 percent by mass of R1270 to fully and physically mix in a liquid phase state to obtain the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.
Example 4
Taking R170 and R1270 refrigerants commonly used in the refrigerant field, and taking 13 percent of R170 and 87 percent of R1270 in mass percent to fully and physically mix in a liquid phase state to obtain the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.
Example 5
Taking R170 and R1270 refrigerants commonly used in the refrigerant field, and taking 11 mass percent of R170 and 89 mass percent of R1270 to fully and physically mix in a liquid phase state to obtain a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.
Comparative example 1
Taking R170 and R1270 refrigerants commonly used in the refrigerant field, and taking 2 mass percent of R170 and 98 mass percent of R1270 to fully and physically mix in a liquid phase state to obtain a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.
The relevant parameter indexes of the above 5 examples are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 examples 1-5 relative to R32 and R410A loadings and their ODP and GWP values
Figure BDA0003569339880000051
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the charging amount of all the examples calculated according to the relative molecular mass is only 74.91% -77.49% of R32 and 53.69% -55.53% of R410A, so that the amount of the refrigerant can be obviously saved; the ODP value of all the examples is zero, the GWP value is about 20, only 1/33 of R32 and 1/100 of R410A have obvious environmental protection advantages.
The theoretical cycle performance parameters of the refrigerant of the above embodiment and R32 and R410A in a refrigeration system were calculated as follows, according to the international ARI standard: the evaporation temperature was 7.2 ℃, the condensation temperature was 54.4 ℃, the subcooling temperature was 46.1 ℃ and the superheating temperature was 18.3 ℃. The compression process in the theoretical cycle calculation process is isentropic compression.
The calculation is carried out by using common software REFPROP10 for refrigeration engineering, and the obtained results of the relevant parameters are shown in Table 3:
table 3: ARI working condition theoretical cycle calculation parameter
Figure BDA0003569339880000061
Wherein the evaporation pressure is 7.2 deg.C saturated liquid pressure, and the condensation pressure is 54.4 deg.C saturated liquid pressure.
The results show that:
1. the refrigeration coefficient COP of the refrigerant provided by the embodiments 1-5 of the invention is higher than that of R32, and the range is from 10.9-11.5%; the refrigeration coefficient COP of the refrigerant provided by the embodiments 1-5 of the invention is higher than that of R410A, and the range is from 13.8% to 14.4%, which shows that the refrigerant provided by the invention has remarkable energy-saving and emission-reduction benefits when replacing R32 and R410A, and the refrigeration coefficient reaches the maximum in the example 2 (the mass ratio is 17/83), and the COP of the refrigerant is reduced by increasing the proportion of R170 or reducing the proportion of R170.
2. The exhaust temperature of the refrigerant provided by the embodiment of the invention is lower than that of the R32 by more than 27 ℃, so that the operation of a refrigeration compressor is very facilitated, and the refrigeration compressor has higher reliability.
3. The critical temperature, the critical pressure, the evaporation pressure and the condensation pressure of the refrigerant provided by the embodiment of the invention are not greatly different from those of R32 and R410A (the pressure ratio is also lower than that of R32 and R410A, which is beneficial to improving the actual efficiency of the refrigeration compressor), and the feasibility of directly replacing R32 and R410A in the working condition is shown.
4. The refrigerating capacities per unit volume of the refrigerant provided by the embodiments 1 to 5 and the R410A are between 1.094 and 0.946, the maximum is not more than 110 percent, the minimum is not less than 94.6 percent, and the refrigerating capacities are both more than 93 percent, which shows that the refrigerant provided by the invention can directly replace the R410A without replacing a refrigeration compressor, the refrigerating capacity per unit volume of the refrigerant provided by the invention is increased along with the increase of the proportion of the R170, and in the case of the embodiment 5, the continuous reduction of the proportion of the R170 is not suitable for directly replacing the R410A; the refrigerating capacity per unit volume of the refrigerant and R32 provided by the embodiments 1-5 of the invention is not more than 100.8% at most and 87.2% at least, but the refrigerating capacity per unit volume of the embodiments 1-3 is more than 93% at most, which shows that most of the embodiments provided by the invention can directly replace R32 without replacing the refrigerant compressor, and the proportion of R170 is not suitable for directly replacing R32 in the case of the embodiment 3;
5. From the results in table 3, it can be seen that the refrigerant provided by the present invention has a relatively large slip temperature, from 11.019 ℃ to 15.306 ℃, at a standard atmospheric pressure, but at an operating temperature (bubble point temperature) of 7.2 ℃, the dew point temperatures corresponding to the saturated liquid pressures are all less than 18.3 ℃, at most 18.134 ℃, and at least 14.874 ℃, all meeting the requirement of the ARI standard for a superheat temperature of 18.3 ℃, and the temperature increases as the proportion of R170 increases, and in the case of example 1, continuing to increase the proportion of R170 will cause the temperature to exceed 18.3 ℃. In conclusion, the mass ratio of R170/R1270 is (20-15)/(80-85) (i.e. any mass ratio between the embodiments 1 to 3) and can directly replace R32, and the energy-saving benefit and the environmental protection benefit are remarkable; the mass ratio of R170/R1270 can directly replace R410A when the mass ratio is (20-11)/(80-89) (namely, any mass ratio between the examples 1 to 5), and has remarkable energy-saving benefit and environmental protection benefit.
6. In comparative example 1, the refrigeration capacity per unit volume of R32 is only 0.698, namely only 69.8% of R32, which is far less than 93%, and the R32 cannot be replaced at all; the relative cooling capacity per unit volume of R410A is only 0.758, i.e. 75.8% of R410A, and much less than 93%, and is completely unable to replace R410A.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The energy-saving and environment-friendly refrigerant is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 11 to 20 percent of ethane and 89 to 80 percent of propylene.
2. The energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 13 to 17 percent of ethane and 83 to 87 percent of propylene.
3. The energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: ethane 17% and propylene 83%.
4. The energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: ethane 20% and propylene 80%.
5. The energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: ethane 15% and propylene 85%.
6. The energy-saving environment-friendly refrigerant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: ethane 13% and propylene 87%.
7. Use of the energy saving and environmental friendly refrigerant according to any one of claims 1 to 6 as a refrigerant in a household refrigeration equipment, a stationary refrigeration system or a mobile air conditioning system.
8. Use according to claim 7, for replacing R32 refrigerant or R410A refrigerant.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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