CN114752202B - High-flame-retardant engineering plastic particle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-flame-retardant engineering plastic particle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/267—Magnesium carbonate
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
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- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
- C08L2207/062—HDPE
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of engineering plastics, and particularly discloses high-flame-retardant engineering plastic granules and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the high flame-retardant engineering plastic particles comprises the following steps: step 1, mixing all raw materials, uniformly stirring and heating for melting to form a molten mixture; step 2, plasticizing, conveying and extruding the molten mixture, cooling and granulating to obtain high-flame-retardant engineering plastic granules; wherein the raw materials and the added parts by weight are as follows: 25-30 parts of ABS resin; 60-65 parts of PC resin; 10-15 parts of HDPE resin; 10-15 parts of an inorganic flame retardant; 1-1.5 parts of a stabilizer; 1-3 parts of triallyl isocyanurate; 0.5-2 parts of a silane coupling agent A151; 0.5-1 part of dicumyl peroxide; 2-4 parts of divinylbenzene. The high flame-retardant engineering plastic particles prepared by the invention have excellent flame-retardant property, strength property and aging resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engineering plastics, in particular to high-flame-retardant engineering plastic granules and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Since the first discovery of plastics by humans over a hundred years ago, plastics have rapidly become one of the most important materials due to their characteristics of good ductility, non-conductivity, corrosion resistance, and durability. The plastic is characterized in that the plastic is plastic and can be easily plasticized into various required shapes and sizes.
Today in our lives and works, various plastic products are used every day, from computer housings to car accessories, from children's toys to test instruments, from toothbrushes to aircraft parts, so to speak ubiquitous. Various plastic products are generally formed by reforming melted plastic particles, and raw materials purchased by factories in the production of various plastic products are generally plastic particles.
With the rapid development of social economy, the living standard of people is higher and higher, and the requirements of people on plastic products are higher and higher, especially engineering plastics, and the plastic products are gradually required to have flame retardant property so as to better meet the requirements of life and work. The current flame-retardant engineering plastic particles are generally realized by adding a flame retardant into the plastic particles.
The flame retardants are generally classified into four types, namely halogen flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, nitrogen flame retardants and inorganic flame retardants, and because the halogen flame retardants have poor environmental protection performance, the addition amount of the halogen flame retardants is gradually limited or even forbidden; the phosphorus flame retardant has the problems of poor color coordination, poor compatibility, low oxygen index, low applicability to a processing technology and the like, and can only be used by special industries; the nitrogen flame retardant has low flame retardant efficiency, is easy to foam and has a plurality of inadaptabilities, so that the application range is narrower; the inorganic flame retardant has the advantages of good environmental protection, no toxic gas emission, small smoke generation amount, high oxygen index and the like, and is the most widely used flame retardant at present. However, there is still room for improvement since the compatibility of inorganic flame retardants with organic plastic systems is still prone to problems and thus tends to have some effect on the flame retardant effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the compatibility of an inorganic flame retardant and a plastic system and enable the flame retardant effect of the plastic to be better, the application provides high-flame-retardant engineering plastic particles and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides a preparation method of high flame retardant engineering plastic granules, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of high flame-retardant engineering plastic granules comprises the following steps:
step 1, uniformly mixing ABS resin, PC resin and HDPE resin, heating to 190-200 ℃, adding an inorganic flame retardant, a stabilizer, triallyl isocyanurate and a silane coupling agent A151, then reducing the temperature of a reaction system to 175-185 ℃, adding dicumyl peroxide and divinylbenzene, and uniformly mixing to form a molten mixture;
step 2, plasticizing, conveying and extruding the molten mixture, controlling the temperature of a plasticizing section to be 210-230 ℃, controlling the temperature of a conveying and extruding section to be 170-180 ℃, cooling and granulating to obtain high-flame-retardant engineering plastic granules;
wherein the raw materials are added in the following parts by weight:
25-30 parts of ABS resin;
60-65 parts of PC resin;
10-15 parts of HDPE resin;
10-15 parts of an inorganic flame retardant;
1-1.5 parts of a stabilizer;
1-3 parts of triallyl isocyanurate;
0.5-2 parts of a silane coupling agent A151;
0.5-1 part of dicumyl peroxide;
2-4 parts of divinylbenzene.
The ABS resin, the PC resin and the HDPE resin are completely melted at 190-200 ℃, the inorganic flame retardant, the stabilizer, the triallyl isocyanurate and the silane coupling agent A151 are added at the time, the inorganic flame retardant is favorably and uniformly dispersed in a resin system, and meanwhile, the silane coupling agent A151 is also favorable for enhancing the compatibility of the inorganic flame retardant and the resin system, so that the flame retardant effect of the inorganic flame retardant is not easily influenced.
By utilizing the synergy of the ABS resin, the PC resin and the HDPE resin in a specific proportion and matching with a specific melt mixing temperature, the melting point of the HDPE resin is lower than that of the ABS resin and the PC resin, so that the fluidity of a resin system can be better adjusted, and the inorganic flame retardant, the stabilizer, the triallyl isocyanurate and the silane coupling agent A151 can be more easily and uniformly dispersed in the resin system and can play a role; meanwhile, the resin system is not easy to adhere to equipment in the melting extrusion granulation process to cause carbonization and black spots on the engineering plastic particles, and the preparation quality of the engineering plastic particles is improved better.
By utilizing the synergy of the ABS resin, the PC resin and the HDPE resin in a specific proportion and matching with the triallyl isocyanurate, the silane coupling agent A151, the dicumyl peroxide and the divinylbenzene which are added at a specific temperature, the crosslinking process of a resin system can be better controlled, better full crosslinking between different resins can be facilitated, and more stable molecular chains can be formed, so that the prepared engineering plastic particles are less prone to breaking when being influenced by illumination or ultraviolet rays, the situation of embrittlement of plastic products can be avoided, and the strength performance and the aging resistance of the engineering plastic particles can be better improved.
By adding triallyl isocyanurate and a silane coupling agent A151 at 190-200 ℃, partial crosslinking is gradually started between resins, then the temperature of a reaction system is reduced, dicumyl peroxide and divinylbenzene are added, the crosslinking degree of the resin system is favorably inhibited, the resin system is not easy to crosslink excessively from the beginning, and finally the temperature is raised, so that the resin system can be crosslinked in a plasticizing section more completely; meanwhile, the fluidity of the resin system is better controlled while the crosslinking process of the resin system is controlled, so that the powder components are better and uniformly dispersed in the system, the inorganic flame retardant can better play a flame-retardant role, the engineering plastic particles are less prone to carbonization in the preparation process while the flame retardance of the engineering plastic particles is better, and the situation that the prepared engineering plastic particles have black spots is reduced; because the reaction temperature of the dicumyl peroxide and the divinylbenzene is lower, the dicumyl peroxide and the divinylbenzene are added after the temperature is reduced, on one hand, the crosslinking process of a resin system is favorably controlled, on the other hand, the two substances are favorably better protected, and the substances are favorably used for better promoting the crosslinking of the resin system in a plasticizing section.
In conclusion, the cooperation of specific resin in a specific proportion and the action of a specific cross-linking agent at a specific temperature are matched, so that the cross-linking process of a resin system can be better controlled, the resin system can realize the purposes of slowly and partially cross-linking at the beginning and improving the activity of a molecular chain, and then the cross-linking reaction can be more completely and fully carried out during plasticization, so that the molecular chain of the resin after reaction is firmer, and the strength performance and the aging resistance of the engineering plastic granules can be better improved; meanwhile, the fluidity of the resin system is better controlled by the control cooperation of the resin with a specific proportion and the crosslinking process, so that the powder raw material is better and uniformly dispersed in the resin system to play a role, meanwhile, the carbonization condition of the engineering plastic particles is less prone to occurring in the preparation process, and the quality of the prepared engineering plastic particles is improved.
Preferably, the particle size of the inorganic flame retardant is 25 to 50nm.
By controlling the particle size of the inorganic flame retardant, the inorganic flame retardant can be uniformly dispersed in a resin system better, so that the inorganic flame retardant can exert a flame retardant effect better, and the prepared engineering plastic particles have better flame retardant property.
Preferably, the inorganic flame retardant comprises one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, anhydrous magnesium carbonate, zinc borate, ammonium metaborate, and sodium metaborate.
By adopting one or more of the substances as the inorganic flame retardant, the substances have better compatibility with the silane coupling agent A151, so that the inorganic flame retardant can be better and uniformly dispersed in a resin system, the flame retardant effect is better, and the flame retardant property of the engineering plastic particles can be better improved.
Preferably, the inorganic flame retardant is prepared by mixing aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide in a ratio of 1:2-3, and mixing uniformly.
Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide in a specific ratio are used as inorganic flame retardants, so that the fluidity of a resin system can be better adjusted to a certain extent, and the carbonization of the engineering plastic particles is less likely to occur in the preparation process; meanwhile, the fluidity of the resin system may influence the crosslinking process, thereby being beneficial to better reinforcing the engineering plastic granules to a certain extent and leading the strength performance of the engineering plastic granules to be better.
Preferably, in the step 1, when the temperature is increased to 193-195 ℃, an inorganic flame retardant, a stabilizer, triallyl isocyanurate and a silane coupling agent A151 are added; when the temperature of the reaction system is reduced to 178-180 ℃, dicumyl peroxide and divinyl benzene are added.
Preferably, in the step 2, the temperature of the plasticizing section is controlled to be 215-220 ℃, and the temperature of the conveying extrusion section is controlled to be 173-175 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 1, when the temperature is increased to 193-195 ℃, the inorganic flame retardant, the stabilizer, the triallyl isocyanurate and the silane coupling agent A151 are added; reducing the temperature of the reaction system to 178-180 ℃, and adding dicumyl peroxide and divinylbenzene; in the step 2, the temperature of the plasticizing section is controlled to be 215-220 ℃, and the temperature of the conveying extrusion section is controlled to be 173-175 ℃.
By controlling the temperature of each step, the cross-linking process and the fluidity of the resin system can be better controlled, so that the strength performance and the aging resistance of the prepared engineering plastic granules are better improved, and meanwhile, the carbonization of the engineering plastic granules is less prone to occurring in the preparation process, and the prepared engineering plastic granules are less prone to black spots.
Preferably, the stabilizer comprises one or more of phenyl salicylate, benzophenone, antioxidant 264, antioxidant 1076.
One or more of the above stabilizers is/are adopted to be beneficial to better improving the stability of the resin system in the process of preparing the engineering plastic granules, thereby being beneficial to better mutual synergistic effect of all components in the preparation process and being beneficial to better improving the aging resistance of the engineering plastic granules to a certain extent.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a high flame retardant engineering plastic pellet, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-flame-retardant engineering plastic particle is prepared by the preparation method of the high-flame-retardant engineering plastic particle.
The engineering plastic granules prepared by the preparation method are beneficial to better and uniformly dispersing the inorganic flame retardant in a resin system and better playing a flame retardant role, so that the flame retardant effect of the engineering plastic granules is better; meanwhile, the method is also beneficial to better controlling the crosslinking process of the resin system, so that the strength performance and the aging resistance of the prepared engineering plastic granules are better, and the fluidity of the resin system is also favorably adjusted, so that the prepared engineering plastic granules are less prone to carbonization and black spots.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. by adding the inorganic flame retardant, the stabilizer, the triallyl isocyanurate and the silane coupling agent A151 at 190-200 ℃, the resin system is completely melted, the inorganic flame retardant is favorably and uniformly dispersed in the resin system, and the flame retardant effect of the inorganic flame retardant is not easily influenced.
2. By utilizing the synergy of the ABS resin, the PC resin and the HDPE resin in a specific proportion and matching with the triallyl isocyanurate, the silane coupling agent A151, the dicumyl peroxide and the divinylbenzene which are added at a specific temperature, the crosslinking process of a resin system can be better controlled, and meanwhile, the fluidity of the resin system can be better controlled, so that the prepared engineering plastic particles are not easy to generate black spots while the strength performance and the aging resistance of the prepared engineering plastic particles are better.
3. By controlling the temperature of each step, the cross-linking process of the resin system can be better controlled, the fluidity of the resin system can be better controlled, the strength performance and the aging resistance of the prepared engineering plastic granules are better, and the prepared engineering plastic granules are not easy to generate black spots.
4. The high-flame-retardant engineering plastic granules prepared by the preparation method have excellent flame-retardant performance, excellent strength performance and aging resistance, good processing quality and difficult occurrence of black spots.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
The source of the raw materials for the following examples and comparative examples are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1
Example 1
The embodiment of the application discloses a preparation method of high-flame-retardant engineering plastic granules, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding 25kg of ABS resin, 60kg of PC resin and 10kg of HDPE resin into a stirring kettle, uniformly stirring at a rotating speed of 100r/min, heating to 190 ℃, adding 10kg of inorganic flame retardant, 1kg of stabilizer, 1kg of triallyl isocyanurate and 0.5kg of silane coupling agent A while stirring at a constant temperature, naturally cooling while stirring after uniformly stirring, adding 0.5kg of dicumyl peroxide and 2kg of divinylbenzene while stirring at a constant temperature when the temperature is reduced to 175 ℃, and uniformly stirring to form a molten mixture.
And 2, putting the molten mixture into a single-screw melting extruder, controlling the temperature of a melting section to be 175 ℃, the temperature of a plasticizing section to be 210 ℃, and the temperature of a conveying extrusion section to be 170 ℃, cooling the engineering plastic subjected to melting extrusion by a water tank with the water temperature of 18 ℃, and cutting the engineering plastic into granules by a granulator to obtain the high-flame-retardant engineering plastic granules.
In the present example, the inorganic flame retardant was anhydrous magnesium carbonate, and the average particle size of the anhydrous magnesium carbonate was 5 μm; the stabilizer is antioxidant 264.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that:
the dosage of the raw materials added in the step 1 is different, and the specific dosage is as follows:
30kg of ABS resin; 65kg of PC resin; 15kg of HDPE resin; 15kg of inorganic flame retardant; 1.5kg of stabilizing agent; 3kg of triallyl isocyanurate; 151 kg of silane coupling agent A; 1kg of dicumyl peroxide and 4kg of divinylbenzene.
Heating to 200 ℃ in the step 1, and adding an inorganic flame retardant, a stabilizer, triallyl isocyanurate and a silane coupling agent A151; when the temperature was reduced to 185 ℃, dicumyl peroxide was added along with divinylbenzene.
In the step 2, the temperature of the melting section is controlled to be 185 ℃, the temperature of the plasticizing section is controlled to be 230 ℃, and the temperature of the conveying extrusion section is controlled to be 180 ℃.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that:
heating to 193 ℃ in the step 1, and adding an inorganic flame retardant, a stabilizer, triallyl isocyanurate and a silane coupling agent A151; when the temperature was reduced to 178 ℃, dicumyl peroxide was added as well as divinylbenzene.
In the step 2, the temperature of the melting section is controlled to be 178 ℃, the temperature of the plasticizing section is controlled to be 215 ℃, and the temperature of the conveying and extruding section is controlled to be 173 ℃.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that:
heating to 195 ℃ in the step 1, and adding an inorganic flame retardant, a stabilizer, triallyl isocyanurate and a silane coupling agent A151; when the temperature was reduced to 180 ℃, dicumyl peroxide was added along with divinylbenzene.
In the step 2, the temperature of the melting section is controlled to be 180 ℃, the temperature of the plasticizing section is controlled to be 220 ℃, and the temperature of the conveying and extruding section is controlled to be 175 ℃.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that: the inorganic flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, wherein the weight ratio of aluminum hydroxide to magnesium hydroxide is 1:2, and the average grain diameter of the aluminum hydroxide is 25nm, and the average grain diameter of the magnesium hydroxide is 50nm.
Example 6
The difference from example 5 is that: the mass ratio of the aluminum hydroxide to the magnesium hydroxide is 1:3.
example 7
The difference from example 5 is that: the aluminum hydroxide was replaced by an equivalent amount of anhydrous magnesium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 25 nm.
Example 8
The difference from example 5 is that: the magnesium hydroxide was replaced by an equivalent amount of anhydrous magnesium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 50nm.
Example 9
The difference from example 1 is that:
the dosage of the raw materials added in the step 1 is different, and the specific dosage is as follows:
27kg of ABS resin; 63kg of PC resin; 12kg of HDPE resin; 13kg of inorganic flame retardant; 1.2kg of stabilizing agent; 2kg of triallyl isocyanurate; 151 kg of silane coupling agent A; dicumyl peroxide 0.8kg and divinylbenzene 3kg.
Wherein, the inorganic flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, and the weight ratio of aluminum hydroxide to magnesium hydroxide is 1:2.5, and the particle diameters of the magnesium hydroxide and the aluminum hydroxide are both 30nm.
Heating to 194 ℃ in the step 1, and adding an inorganic flame retardant, a stabilizer, triallyl isocyanurate and a silane coupling agent A151; when the temperature was reduced to 180 ℃, dicumyl peroxide was added along with divinylbenzene.
In the step 2, the temperature of the melting section is controlled to be 180 ℃, the temperature of the plasticizing section is controlled to be 217 ℃, and the temperature of the conveying and extruding section is controlled to be 175 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that:
in step 1, equal amount of PC resin is used to replace HDPE resin, and the specific operation of step 1 is as follows:
25kg of ABS resin, 70kg of PC resin, 10kg of inorganic flame retardant, 1kg of stabilizer, 1kg of triallyl isocyanurate, 0.5kg of silane coupling agent A, 0.5kg of dicumyl peroxide and 2kg of divinylbenzene are put into a stirring kettle, are uniformly stirred at the rotating speed of 100r/min, are heated to 190 ℃ and are uniformly stirred to form a molten mixture.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that:
the specific operation of step 1 is as follows:
25kg of ABS resin, 60kg of PC resin, 10kg of HDPE resin, 10kg of inorganic flame retardant, 1kg of stabilizer, 1kg of triallyl isocyanurate, 0.5kg of silane coupling agent A, 0.5kg of dicumyl peroxide and 2kg of divinylbenzene are put into a stirring kettle, are uniformly stirred at the rotating speed of 100r/min, are heated to 190 ℃ and are uniformly stirred to form a molten mixture.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: in step 1, equal amounts of PC resin were used instead of HDPE resin.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that: the order of addition of the crosslinking agent in step 1 was reversed. Namely, when the temperature is heated to 190 ℃, 10kg of inorganic flame retardant, 1kg of stabilizer, 0.5kg of silane coupling agent A, 0.5kg of dicumyl peroxide and 2kg of divinylbenzene are added with stirring at constant temperature, after uniform stirring, the temperature is naturally reduced with stirring, when the temperature is reduced to 175 ℃, 1kg of triallyl isocyanurate is added with stirring at constant temperature, and the mixture is uniformly stirred to form a molten mixture.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 1 is that: in the step 1, when the temperature is 185 ℃, an inorganic flame retardant, a stabilizer, triallyl isocyanurate and a silane coupling agent A151 are added; when the temperature of the reaction system is reduced to 170 ℃, adding dicumyl peroxide and divinyl benzene; in the step 2, the temperature of the plasticizing section is controlled to be 200 ℃, and the temperature of the conveying extrusion section is controlled to be 160 ℃.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 1 is that: in the step 1, when the temperature is heated to 205 ℃, an inorganic flame retardant, a stabilizer, triallyl isocyanurate and a silane coupling agent A151 are added; when the temperature of the reaction system is reduced to 190 ℃, adding dicumyl peroxide and divinyl benzene; in the step 2, the temperature of the plasticizing section is controlled to be 240 ℃, and the temperature of the conveying extrusion section is controlled to be 190 ℃.
Experiment 1
The high flame retardant plastic pellets obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were observed for the presence of black spots, and if present, the ratio (%) of the number of the high flame retardant plastic pellets obtained in the above examples and comparative examples in which black spots were present to the number of the high flame retardant plastic pellets obtained in the production was calculated and recorded.
Experiment 2
Part 2 of the combustion behaviour was determined according to GB/T20406.2-2009 "oxygen index for plastics": method a in room temperature test "detects the oxygen index of the high flame retardant plastic pellets prepared in the above examples and comparative examples. Wherein, the larger the oxygen index is, the better the flame retardancy of the high flame retardant plastic pellet is.
Experiment 3
The high flame retardant plastic pellets prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were made into test specimens according to GB/T9352-2008 "compression Molding of Plastic thermoplastic Material test specimens", and then the notched Izod impact strengths (J/m) of the test specimens prepared above were respectively measured according to test method A in ASTM D256-2010 "Standard test method for Izod impact Properties of plastics", and the notches were of type A.
Then according to GB/T16422.2-2014 Plastic laboratory light Source Exposure test method part 2: method A in xenon arc lamps aging the test sample for 12h, and after the aging is completed, respectively detecting the notched izod impact strength (J/m) of the prepared test sample according to test method A in ASTM D256-2010 Standard test method for Plastic notched izod impact Performance test. The change rate (%) of the impact strength of the test specimen before and after aging was calculated and recorded,
among them, the smaller the change rate of impact strength, the better the aging resistance.
The data of the above experiments are detailed in table 2 and table 3.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
According to the data comparison between the example 1 and the comparative example 1 in the tables 2 and 3, the substances are directly mixed in the comparative example 1, the HDPE resin is absent in the resin system, the high-flame-retardant plastic granules in the comparative example 1 have black spots, and the flame retardant property, the strength property and the aging resistance of the plastic product are greatly influenced, which shows that the HDPE resin is absent, the fluidity of the resin system is lowered, so that the high-flame-retardant plastic granules are easily carbonized in the preparation process, the high-flame-retardant plastic granules are easily subjected to black spots, the inorganic flame retardant is easily uniformly dispersed and influenced to a certain extent, and the flame retardant effect of the high-flame-retardant plastic granules is influenced; meanwhile, the HDPE resin is lacked, the temperature control of adding a specific cross-linking agent is lacked, the cross-linking process of a resin system is difficult to control, and the molecular chain formed by cross-linking among the resins is lacked with the molecular chain corresponding to the HDPE, so that the firmness of the finally formed molecular chain is reduced, and the strength performance and the aging resistance of the high-flame-retardant plastic particles are greatly influenced.
According to the data comparison of comparative examples 1-2 in tables 2 and 3, the components are directly mixed uniformly and melted, plasticized, extruded, cooled and granulated in the comparative example 2, namely, the component HDPE resin is added in the comparative example 2 on the basis of the comparative example 1, the number of the high-flame-retardant plastic particles with black spots in the comparative example 2 is lower than that in the comparative example 1, and the strength performance and the aging resistance are also better than those in the comparative example 1, but the flame-retardant performance of the comparative example 2 is lower than that in the comparative example 1, which shows that the fluidity of a resin system can be better adjusted by adding the synergistic combination of the HDPE resin, the ABS resin and the PC resin, so that the high-flame-retardant plastic particles are less prone to carbonization in the preparation process, and meanwhile, the molecular chains formed by the synergistic cross-linking of the HDPE resin, the ABS resin and the PC resin are firmer, so that the strength performance and the aging resistance of the plastic product can be better improved; however, since the flame retardant properties of HDPE resins are slightly inferior to those of ABS resins and PC resins, the flame retardant properties are also liable to be somewhat lowered.
According to the data comparison between the example 1 and the comparative example 3 in tables 2 and 3, it can be seen that the HDPE resin is absent in the comparative example 3, the high flame retardant plastic pellet prepared in the comparative example 3 has a black spot, and the flame retardant property, the strength property and the aging resistance of the comparative example 3 are all inferior to those of the example 1, which indicates that the absence of the HDPE resin easily affects the fluidity of a resin system, thereby easily causing the high flame retardant plastic pellet to be easily carbonized in the preparation process, and meanwhile, the absence of the HDPE resin easily causes the finally formed molecular chain to lack the group corresponding to the HDPE resin, thereby affecting the firmness of the molecular chain, and further affecting the strength property and the aging resistance of the final plastic product. However, in comparison with comparative example 1, in comparative example 3, the addition of a specific crosslinking agent at a specific temperature is controlled, and the progress of crosslinking of the resin system is better controlled, so that the ratio of the number of black spots appearing in comparative example 3 is lower than that in comparative example 1, and the flame retardancy, strength properties and aging resistance of comparative example 3 are slightly better than those of comparative example 1.
According to the comparison of the data of the example 1 and the comparative example 4 in the tables 2 and 3, the addition sequence of the cross-linking agent of the comparative example 4 is reversed, the comparative example 4 has individual black spots, and the flame retardant property, the strength property and the aging resistance of the comparative example 4 are all inferior to those of the example 1 to a certain extent, which shows that the addition of the specific cross-linking agent at a specific temperature is beneficial to better control the cross-linking process of the resin system and better adjust the fluidity of the resin system, so that the molecular chain formed by final cross-linking is firmer, and the flame retardant is better and uniformly dispersed in the resin system, thereby being beneficial to better improving the flame retardant property, the strength property and the aging resistance of the high-flame-retardant plastic granules.
According to the comparison of the data of the examples 1-4 and the comparative examples 5-6 in the tables 2 and 3, the addition temperature of the crosslinking agent and the melting temperature and the plasticizing temperature are controlled, so that the crosslinking process can be better controlled, the fluidity of a resin system can be adjusted, the carbonization of the high-flame-retardant plastic particles is less prone to occurring in the preparation process, and meanwhile, the crosslinking process can be better controlled, so that the strength performance and the aging resistance of the finally prepared plastic product are better.
According to the data comparison between the example 1 and the examples 5-8 in the tables 2 and 3, the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide in a specific ratio are adopted for synergistic compounding, so that the fluidity of a resin system can be better adjusted, and meanwhile, the fluidity can influence the crosslinking process of the resin to a certain extent, so that the strength performance of the high-flame-retardant plastic particles obtained by crosslinking is better.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of high flame-retardant engineering plastic particles is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, uniformly mixing ABS resin, PC resin and HDPE resin, heating to 190-200 ℃, adding an inorganic flame retardant, a stabilizer, triallyl isocyanurate and a silane coupling agent A151, then reducing the temperature of a reaction system to 175-185 ℃, adding dicumyl peroxide and divinylbenzene, and uniformly mixing to form a molten mixture;
step 2, plasticizing, conveying and extruding the molten mixture, controlling the temperature of a plasticizing section to be 210-230 ℃, controlling the temperature of a conveying and extruding section to be 170-180 ℃, cooling and granulating to obtain high-flame-retardant engineering plastic granules;
wherein the raw materials are added in the following parts by weight:
25-30 parts of ABS resin;
60-65 parts of PC resin;
10-15 parts of HDPE resin;
10-15 parts of an inorganic flame retardant;
1-1.5 parts of a stabilizer;
1-3 parts of triallyl isocyanurate;
0.5-2 parts of a silane coupling agent A151;
0.5-1 part of dicumyl peroxide;
2-4 parts of divinylbenzene;
the inorganic flame retardant comprises one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and anhydrous magnesium carbonate.
2. The preparation method of the high flame retardant engineering plastic granules according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle size of the inorganic flame retardant is 25-50nm.
3. The preparation method of the high flame retardant engineering plastic granules according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inorganic flame retardant is prepared by mixing aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide in a weight ratio of 1:2-3, and mixing uniformly.
4. The method for preparing high flame-retardant engineering plastic granules according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: in the step 1, when the temperature is heated to 193-195 ℃, inorganic flame retardant, stabilizer, triallyl isocyanurate and silane coupling agent A151 are added; when the temperature of the reaction system is reduced to 178-180 ℃, dicumyl peroxide and divinyl benzene are added.
5. The method for preparing high flame-retardant engineering plastic granules according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: in the step 2, the temperature of the plasticizing section is controlled to be 215-220 ℃, and the temperature of the conveying extrusion section is controlled to be 173-175 ℃.
6. The method for preparing high flame-retardant engineering plastic granules according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: in the step 1, when the temperature is heated to 193-195 ℃, inorganic flame retardant, stabilizer, triallyl isocyanurate and silane coupling agent A151 are added; reducing the temperature of the reaction system to 178-180 ℃, and adding dicumyl peroxide and divinylbenzene; in the step 2, the temperature of the plasticizing section is controlled to be 215-220 ℃, and the temperature of the conveying extrusion section is controlled to be 173-175 ℃.
7. The method for preparing high flame-retardant engineering plastic granules according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the stabilizer comprises one or more of phenyl salicylate, benzophenone, antioxidant 264 and antioxidant 1076.
8. A high flame retardant engineering plastic particle is characterized in that: the high flame-retardant engineering plastic granules are prepared by the preparation method of the high flame-retardant engineering plastic granules as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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