CN114750545A - 一种静音轮胎及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请实施例提供了一种静音轮胎,包括:轮胎本体,所述轮胎本体的内表面设有气密层,所述轮胎本体包括胎面;在与所述胎面的位置所对应的所述气密层上背离胎面方向依次设有自密封胶层、薄膜层和海绵层。本申请实施例通过在自密封胶层和海绵层之间增加薄膜层,增强了自密封胶层和海绵层的粘结牢固度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种静音轮胎及其制备方法。
背景技术
噪音是影响车辆舒适性能的一个非常重要的因素,特别是摒弃了传统发动机的新能源汽车,排除发动机噪音的干扰因素,其噪音大多来源于轮胎与地面接触产生的轮胎噪音。
为了降低噪音,市场上出现了静音轮胎,静音轮胎是静音海绵粘附在轮胎内部,其多孔特性具有吸收轮胎和路面共振的功能,静音轮胎可以显著降低车辆在运行时产生的共振噪音,降低轮胎噪音显著提升驾乘舒适度,尤其对新能源汽车的降噪具有重要意义。
目前,静音轮胎普遍采用聚氨酯海绵作为主要吸声材料,将聚氨酯海绵粘贴在子午线轮胎内部得到静音轮胎。采用密度(35-60公斤/立方)聚氨酯海绵作为吸音材料,存在重量重,不阻燃,不耐高温,耐受温度80℃等缺陷,加工过程中,聚氨酯海绵贴附在轮胎内需要加温定型,定型时间约30-40分钟,制作过程繁琐,有进一步改进空间。
其加工生产静音海绵轮胎工艺中,将聚氨酯海绵粘贴在轮胎内部的方法有双面胶粘贴方法:即使用双面具有粘性的双面胶贴片作为粘贴媒介,双面胶贴片两面中的一面粘贴在轮胎胎面内表面上,另一面粘贴在聚氨酯海绵上,贴片将聚氨酯海绵与轮胎胎面内表面连接在一起。车辆持续行驶时,轮胎运行不停地振动产生大量的热,轮胎胎体也会反复热胀冷缩,与胎体粘贴的双面胶贴片在不停振动和冷热交替作用下易发生脱落,使聚氨酯海绵移位脱离轿车轮胎胎面内表面,导致轮胎动平衡失常,行驶时会感受到车辆异常的抖动。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种静音轮胎及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的,所采取的技术方案:一种静音轮胎,包括:轮胎本体,所述轮胎本体的内表面设有气密层,所述轮胎本体包括胎面;其中,在与所述胎面的位置所对应的所述气密层上背离胎面方向依次设有自密封胶层、薄膜层和海绵层。
在一些实施方案中,所述轮胎本体为轿车子午线轮胎。
在一些实施方案中,所述自密封胶层包括以下重量百分比的原料:30%的SEBS(苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)、20%的橡胶填充油、10%的聚异丁烯、20%的增粘树脂、5%的炭黑和15%的碳酸钙。
在一些实施方案中,所述自密封胶层的厚度为2.0-3.5mm。在一些实施方案中,所述自密封胶层的厚度为3.0-3.5mm。
在一些实施方案中,所述薄膜层的材质为PVC材料或者PE材料,所述薄膜层的厚度为0.02-0.20mm。在一些实施方案中,所述薄膜层的厚度为0.04-0.05mm。
在一些实施方案中,所述海绵层为密胺海绵层。
在一些实施方案中,所述密胺海绵层的厚度压缩至密胺海绵层原厚度的40%-85%。在一些实施方案中,所述密胺海绵层的厚度压缩至密胺海绵层原厚度的50%-66.7%。
在一些实施方案中,所述密胺海绵层的平均孔径为0.015-0.300mm,所述密胺海绵层的密度为10-30公斤/立方。在一些实施方案中,所述密胺海绵层的平均孔径为0.05-0.07mm,所述密胺海绵层的密度为18-20公斤/立方。
本申请实施例提供了一种上述所述的静音轮胎的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将轮胎本体内表面的气密层清洗后烘干;
(2)将自密封胶加热至180-220℃;
(3)将所述步骤(2)中准备好的自密封胶涂覆至所述步骤(1)中与胎面的位置所对应的气密层表面,冷却后在气密层表面形成自密封胶层;
(4)将薄膜贴附于海绵上,得到薄膜层和海绵层;
(5)在20℃-40℃温度下,将海绵层上的薄膜层粘贴在所述步骤(3)中得到的自密封胶层上,使自密封胶层与薄膜层和海绵层粘结成一体,得到静音轮胎。在一些实施方案中,所述步骤(3)中涂覆方式为涂覆机涂覆。
在一些实施方案中,所述步骤(4)中海绵为密胺海绵。
在一些实施方案中,所述步骤(4)中将薄膜贴附于海绵上前将密胺海绵的厚度压缩至密胺海绵原厚度的40%-85%。
有益效果:
本申请实施例提供了一种静音轮胎,通过在自密封胶层和海绵层之间增加薄膜层,增强了自密封胶层和海绵层的粘结牢固度,使海绵在轮胎持续运动过程中不会移位和脱落,解决了海绵因高速高温、离心力问题造成的脱落现象。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种静音轮胎的结构示意图。
图中:1、气密层,2、胎面,3、自密封胶层,4、薄膜层,5、海绵层。
具体实施方式
为更好的说明本发明的目的、技术方案和优点,下面将结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
图1显示了本申请实施例提供的一种静音轮胎,包括:轮胎本体,所述轮胎本体的内表面设有气密层1,所述轮胎本体包括胎面2;其中,在与所述胎面2的位置所对应的所述气密层上背离胎面方向依次设有自密封胶层3、薄膜层4和海绵层5。
所述轮胎本体可以为轿车子午线轮胎。所述自密封胶层3可以由各种自密封胶制成,也可以由包括以下重量百分比的原料制成:30%的SEBS(苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)、20%的橡胶填充油、10%的聚异丁烯、20%的增粘树脂、5%的炭黑和15%的碳酸钙;自密封胶可以通过高温如180-220℃加热后,采用热喷涂喷涂至气密层上,自密封胶的喷涂宽度等于或小于与胎面2的位置所对应的气密层的宽度,顺着轿车子午线轮胎圆周匀速运行方向一整周。采用热喷涂喷涂方式可以使自密封胶用料减少,在20℃-40℃下就可以进行粘贴,使自密封胶层3、薄膜层4与海绵层5结合在一起,并且粘贴非常牢固,确保在行驶中不会脱落,适合工业推广。
所述自密封胶层3的合适厚度范围为2.0-3.5mm。在自密封胶层3和海绵层5之间增加薄膜层4的目的是为了使海绵层5和自密封胶层3粘贴得更加牢固,而不加塑料薄膜层4的话,自密封胶层3和海绵层5两者粘结牢固程度不够。所述塑料薄膜层4的材质可以为PVC材料或者PE材料,所述塑料薄膜层4的合适厚度范围为0.02-0.20mm。
所述海绵层5优选为密胺海绵,密胺海绵层合适平均孔径为0.015-0.300mm,密胺海绵的密度为10-30公斤/立方,超轻盈,孔径细密,吸音效果好,永久阻燃、耐200℃高温和抗动态疲劳,密胺海绵的材料相对其他材质海绵成本更低,粘贴方便且牢固,采用密胺海绵得到的静音轮胎在持续运动过程中海绵不会移位和脱落,密胺海绵吸音效果更好,采用密胺海绵能够减少海绵使用量,加工方便,适合自动化流水线生产。
将密胺海绵的厚度进行热压缩,可以提高密胺海绵的韧性,使密胺海绵在加工过程中不会因折叠而脆断,所述密胺海绵层的厚度压缩至密胺海绵层原厚度的40%-85%比较合适。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种静音轮胎的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将轿车子午轮胎内表面的气密层清洗后烘干;
(2)将自密封胶加热至220℃;所述自密封胶包括以下重量百分比的原料:30%的SEBS(苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)、20%的橡胶填充油、10%的聚异丁烯、20%的增粘树脂、5%的炭黑和15%的碳酸钙;
(3)将所述步骤(2)中准备好的自密封胶通过涂覆机涂覆至所述步骤(1)中与胎面的位置所对应的气密层表面,冷却后在气密层表面形成自密封胶层,此自密封胶层的厚度为3.5mm;
(4)将密胺海绵的厚度通过热压缩方法压缩,原密胺海绵层厚度为30mm通过热压缩至20mm,密胺海绵层为原厚度的66.7%,压缩后密胺海绵孔径为0.07mm,密度为18公斤/立方。将PVC塑料薄膜贴附于压缩后的密胺海绵上,PVC塑料薄膜厚度为0.04mm,使密胺海绵和PVC塑料薄膜连结呈一个整体,得到PVC塑料薄膜层和密胺海绵层;
(5)在25℃下,将密胺海绵层上的PVC塑料薄膜层粘贴在所述步骤(3)中得到的自密封胶层上,使自密封胶层与PVC塑料薄膜层和密胺海绵层粘结成一体,得到静音轮胎。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种静音轮胎的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将轿车子午轮胎内表面的气密层清洗后烘干;
(2)将自密封胶加热至220℃;所述自密封胶包括以下重量百分比的原料:30%的SEBS(苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)、20%的橡胶填充油、10%的聚异丁烯、20%的增粘树脂、5%的炭黑和15%的碳酸钙;
(3)将所述步骤(2)中准备好的自密封胶通过涂覆机涂覆至所述步骤(1)中与胎面的位置所对应的气密层表面,冷却后在气密层表面形成自密封胶层,此自密封胶层的厚度为3.0mm;
(4)将密胺海绵的厚度通过热压缩方法压缩,原密胺海绵层厚度为40mm通过热压缩至20mm,密胺海绵层为原厚度的50%,压缩后密胺海绵孔径为0.05mm,密度为20公斤/立方。将PE塑料薄膜贴附于压缩后的密胺海绵上,PE塑料薄膜厚度为0.05mm,使密胺海绵和PE塑料薄膜连结呈一个整体,得到PE塑料薄膜层和密胺海绵层;
(5)在25℃下,将密胺海绵层上的PE塑料薄膜层粘贴在所述步骤(3)中得到的自密封胶层上,使自密封胶层与PE塑料薄膜层和密胺海绵层粘结成一体,得到静音轮胎。
对比例1
本对比例提供了一种静音轮胎的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将轿车子午轮胎内表面的气密层清洗后烘干;
(2)将自密封胶加热至220℃;所述自密封胶包括以下重量百分比的原料:30%的SEBS(苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)、20%的橡胶填充油、10%的聚异丁烯、20%的增粘树脂、5%的炭黑和15%的碳酸钙;
(3)将所述步骤(2)中准备好的自密封胶通过涂覆机涂覆至所述步骤(1)中与胎面的位置所对应的气密层表面,冷却后在气密层表面形成自密封胶层,此自密封胶层的厚度为3.5mm;
(4)将密胺海绵的厚度通过热压缩方法压缩,原密胺海绵层厚度为30mm通过热压缩至20mm,密胺海绵层为原厚度的66.7%,压缩后密胺海绵孔径为0.07mm,密度为18公斤/立方。
(5)在25℃下,将密胺海绵粘贴在所述步骤(3)中得到的自密封胶层上,使自密封胶层与密胺海绵层粘结成一体,得到静音轮胎。
对实施例1、2和对比例1制备的静音轮胎中自密封胶层和海绵层之间的粘结牢固度进行测试,测试结果如表1所示。
表1粘结牢固度测试结果
从表1数据可以看出,对比例1无薄膜静音轮胎在牢固度测试中密胺海绵层与自密封胶层粘结发生脱落,而实施例1与实施例2静音轮胎在牢固度测试中密胺海绵层与自密封胶层粘结非常牢固,说明通过在自密封胶层和海绵层之间增加薄膜层,增强了自密封胶层和海绵层的粘结牢固度。
最后所应当说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种静音轮胎,包括:轮胎本体,所述轮胎本体的内表面设有气密层,所述轮胎本体包括胎面;其中,在与所述胎面的位置所对应的所述气密层上背离胎面方向依次设有自密封胶层、薄膜层和海绵层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的静音轮胎,其中,所述轮胎本体为轿车子午线轮胎。
3.根据权利要求1所述的静音轮胎,其中,所述自密封胶层包厚度为2.0-3.5mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的静音轮胎,其中,所述薄膜层的材质为塑料,所述薄膜层的厚度为0.02-0.20mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的静音轮胎,其中,所述海绵层为密胺海绵层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的静音轮胎,其中,所述密胺海绵层的厚度压缩至密胺海绵层原厚度的40%-85%。
7.根据权利要求5所述的静音轮胎,其中,所述密胺海绵层的平均孔径为0.015-0.300mm,所述密胺海绵层的密度为10-30公斤/立方。
8.一种如权利要求1-7任一所述的静音轮胎的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将轮胎本体内表面的气密层清洗后烘干;
(2)将自密封胶加热至180-220℃;
(3)将所述步骤(2)中准备好的自密封胶涂覆至所述步骤(1)中与胎面的位置所对应的气密层表面,冷却后在气密层表面形成自密封胶层;
(4)将塑料薄膜贴附于海绵上,得到薄膜层和海绵层;
(5)在20℃-40℃温度下,将海绵层上的薄膜层粘贴在所述步骤(3)中得到的自密封胶层上,使自密封胶层与薄膜层和海绵层粘结成一体,得到静音轮胎。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其中,所述步骤(4)中海绵为密胺海绵。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制备方法,其中,所述步骤(4)中将薄膜贴附于密胺海绵上前将密胺海绵的厚度压缩至密胺海绵原厚度的40%-85%。
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