CN114750480B - Fireproof compound containing heat absorption layer - Google Patents
Fireproof compound containing heat absorption layer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114750480B CN114750480B CN202210519589.0A CN202210519589A CN114750480B CN 114750480 B CN114750480 B CN 114750480B CN 202210519589 A CN202210519589 A CN 202210519589A CN 114750480 B CN114750480 B CN 114750480B
- Authority
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- backing plate
- fire
- intumescent
- resistant composite
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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- FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CCN(O)CC FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- WZUKKIPWIPZMAS-UHFFFAOYSA-K Ammonium alum Chemical compound [NH4+].O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WZUKKIPWIPZMAS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFVREYFOFOLMIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] KFVREYFOFOLMIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- CKMXBZGNNVIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate hexahydrate Chemical compound [NH4+].O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CKMXBZGNNVIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- GVHCUJZTWMCYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);trinitrate;nonahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GVHCUJZTWMCYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SZQUEWJRBJDHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate;nonahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O SZQUEWJRBJDHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNCMOUSLNOHBKY-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+);trisulfate;heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O XNCMOUSLNOHBKY-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940050906 magnesium chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GNHOJBNSNUXZQA-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate dodecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GNHOJBNSNUXZQA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZWGHDYJGOMEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O VZWGHDYJGOMEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- PHIQPXBZDGYJOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate nonahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PHIQPXBZDGYJOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ASTWEMOBIXQPPV-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;phosphate;dodecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ASTWEMOBIXQPPV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical group CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/02—Layer formed of wires, e.g. mesh
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
Abstract
The invention provides a fireproof compound which can be used for fireproof separation of an electrochemical energy storage power station and an energy storage battery pack and also can be used for plugging through holes and gaps of buildings and the like. The fire-resistant composite includes: a backing plate having an outer surface and an inner surface; an intumescent layer having a first surface proximal to said backing plate and a second surface distal to said backing plate, said first and second surfaces defining a space in which said intumescent layer is located, said first surface of said intumescent layer conforming to said inner surface of said backing plate; a reinforcing mesh located in the intumescent layer and adjacent to the second surface of the intumescent layer; and the heat absorption layer is provided with a first surface close to the expansion layer and a second surface far away from the expansion layer, the first surface of the heat absorption layer and the second surface of the heat absorption layer limit a space where the heat absorption layer is positioned, and the first surface of the heat absorption layer is attached to the second surface of the expansion layer.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to a composite laminate, and more particularly to a fire-resistant composite useful for fire-resistant separation of electrochemical energy storage power stations, energy storage battery packs, and for plugging through-holes and slits in buildings and the like, having thermal resistance, fire resistance, smoke insulation, and the like.
Background
Under the large background of carbon neutralization, new energy industries such as wind energy, solar energy and the like are coming to rapidly develop opportunities. However, wind energy and solar energy belong to intermittent energy sources, energy storage becomes a key, and electrochemical energy storage power stations are one of main routes at present. However, because the concentration of the active combustible chemical substances in the unit space of the electrochemical energy storage power station is high, the fire safety problem of the electrochemical energy storage is very outstanding, and the design requirements of fire prevention and extinguishment are high. In design, boards, sealants, coatings and the like with fireproof functions are often used as components of fireproof partition members of fireproof cells of electrochemical energy storage power stations to ensure that after a fire disaster occurs, the fire is confined to a specific area and does not spread to adjacent areas for a long time. The battery pack of the new energy vehicle has outstanding fireproof problem, and the battery pack can be isolated and the chassis or the vehicle body of the vehicle can be protected by using fireproof materials.
In addition, a through hole is generally provided in a building for allowing a penetration of a cable, a pipe, or the like from one area to another adjacent area; there may be some gaps between the walls, floors of the building that are not plugged. When a fire disaster occurs, flames, smoke and the like can rapidly spread along the through holes and the gaps, and the fire disaster can cause great harm to the life and property safety of human beings. In order to reduce and prevent this hazard, fire resistant plugging materials have been used to plug through holes and crevices of buildings. The national standard GB23864-2009 fire-proof sealing material forcedly prescribes fire resistance, physicochemical properties and the like of the fire-proof sealing material. The fire resistance properties include fire resistance integrity and fire resistance thermal insulation. Fire-resistant integrity generally means that the back of a burned object has no fire-bouncing phenomenon within a certain time, and the physical geometric dimension is contracted within a required range; fire-resistant heat-insulating property generally means that the temperature of the back surface of a burned object is lower than a certain value within a certain period of time to achieve the heat-insulating effect. The physical and chemical properties include compressive strength, bending strength, etc. The fire-proof material must meet the corresponding requirements in terms of fire-proof integrity, fire-proof heat-insulating property and physicochemical properties in order to reach a certain fire-proof grade.
The commercially available product for blocking the through-hole and the like is a 3M CS-195 fire-proof plate, which is a sandwich type fire-proof plate mainly composed of a steel plate layer, an expansion rubber layer and a wire mesh layer. Although the product has certain fire-resistant integrity, the fire-resistant heat insulation performance is poor, and the problem of overhigh temperature of penetrating objects at the back surface cannot be effectively solved. As an improvement of the 3M CS-195 fire protection plate, the chinese invention patent publication No. CN1951687a is still directed to a sandwich type fire protection material comprising a high temperature resistant metal layer, at least one intermediate layer of a flexible fire protection blanket material and a wire mesh layer. Although the sandwich fireproof material has the advantages of light weight and low production cost, the problem of overhigh temperature of penetrating objects at the back surface can not be effectively solved.
Chinese patent publication No. CN1449593a relates to a fire-resistant panel assembly for an electrical box, which comprises a panel having an inner surface and a fire-resistant mat disposed adjacent to the inner surface of the panel. The fire protection mat may be a single layer fire protection mat formed by mixing an intumescent compound and a heat absorbing compound into a homogeneous mass, or may be a multi-layer fire protection mat comprising a layer of intumescent compound and a separate layer of heat absorbing compound adjacent to the layer of intumescent compound. First, in the case of a single-layer fire protection mat, although the heat absorbing compound is contained therein, since the activation temperature of the intumescent compound is generally much higher than the activation temperature of the heat absorbing compound, the moisture in the heat absorbing compound is substantially decomposed and released when the intumescent compound begins to expand, so that it does not effectively reduce the temperature of the penetration at the back fire surface. For the separated multi-layer fireproof pad, the effect of heat transfer between layers is poor, so that the exertion of the effect of the heat absorbing compound layer is affected, and the problem of overhigh temperature of penetrating objects at the back surface cannot be effectively solved; in addition, the expansion layer and the heat absorbing layer of the multi-layer fireproof pad are required to be produced and installed respectively, so that the problems of more working procedures, large construction amount and high cost in application are caused. Secondly, such fire protection mats are often used inside electrical box panels where the bending strength is not high, but in other situations where the bending strength is high, such fire protection mats cannot be used. Finally, there is also room for improvement in the selection of flame retardant, intumescent, and heat absorbing materials for better flame retardance, thermal insulation, thinner thickness, and lighter weight.
Therefore, there is a need for a fire-resistant composite that not only effectively solves the problem of excessive temperature of the penetrations at the back fire surface, but also has a thinner thickness, lighter weight, more convenient production and installation, wider application, and more excellent flame retardant and thermal insulation effects. The present invention addresses these needs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fireproof compound for plugging through holes and gaps of buildings and the like, which can effectively solve the problem of overhigh temperature of the through material at a back fire surface, can obtain higher mechanical strength, better flame retardance and heat insulation effect, can have thinner thickness and lighter weight, and has wider application occasions and lower application cost.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire-resistant composite comprising:
a backing plate having an outer surface and an inner surface;
an intumescent layer having a first surface proximal to the backing plate and a second surface distal to the backing plate, the first and second surfaces defining a space in which the intumescent layer is located, the first surface of the intumescent layer conforming to the inner surface of the backing plate;
a reinforcing mesh located in the intumescent layer and adjacent to the second surface of the intumescent layer;
and the heat absorption layer is provided with a first surface close to the expansion layer and a second surface far away from the expansion layer, the first surface and the second surface define a space where the heat absorption layer is positioned, and the first surface of the heat absorption layer is attached to the second surface of the expansion layer.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the expandable layer comprises an expandable composition made by adding a flame retardant and an expanding agent to a high molecular polymer, wherein the expandable composition has a volume expansion factor of not less than 25.
According to another aspect of the invention, the expanding agent comprises expandable graphite having an expansion property of not less than 100 mL/g.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the expandable composition is composed of a component A comprising 10 to 60% by weight of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 2 to 20% by weight of a cross-linking agent, 5 to 60% by weight of expandable graphite, 1 to 20% by weight of light calcium carbonate, and a component B comprising 10 to 70% by weight of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 0.1 to 2% by weight of an organotin catalyst, 0.1 to 3% by weight of diethylhydroxylamine, 5 to 60% by weight of a flame retardant, wherein the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 0.8 to 1.2.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the heat absorbing layer comprises a heat absorbing composition made of 10 to 90% by weight of hydrated inorganic salts and 10 to 90% by weight of a base material, and the activation temperature of the heat absorbing composition is 50 to 100 ℃. Preferably, the heat absorbing layer contains a ratio of the weight of the bound water to the weight of the heat absorbing layer of not less than 15%.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the hydrated inorganic salts include one or a combination of several of sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate, ferric nitrate nonahydrate, chromium nitrate nonahydrate, aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, aluminum ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, ferric sulfate heptahydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, sodium borate tetrahydrate, magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate, etc., and the base material includes one or a combination of several of silicone rubber, epoxy resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane resin, basalt fiber cotton, ceramic fiber cotton, etc.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, the thickness of the heat absorbing layer is not less than 0.5mm.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, the backing plate comprises stainless steel plate, galvanized steel plate, carbon fiber plate, calcium silicate plate, fiber reinforced cement plate, etc., and the thickness of the backing plate is 0.3 to 10mm.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, the reinforcing mesh comprises a wire mesh that is flush with the second surface of the intumescent layer; the wire diameter of the wire mesh is 0.5 mm-2 mm, and the aperture is 10 mm-60 mm.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the fire-protecting composite further comprises a decorative layer attached to the second surface of the heat-absorbing layer; the decorative layer comprises aluminum foil with the thickness of 0.005-0.02 mm.
The fire-resistant composite according to the present invention provides various advantages and effects, not only effectively solving the problem of excessive temperature of penetrations at the back surface, but also achieving higher mechanical strength, better fire-retarding and heat-insulating effects, and also having a thinner thickness, lighter weight, and wider application and lower application costs.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, illustrate exemplary embodiments according to the invention, it being understood that the various components of the drawings may not be drawn to scale, and wherein:
fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the structure of a fire-protecting composite according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic view of the structure of a fire protection composite according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
For the present invention, the following terms are used in this specification.
"penetrations" refer to cables, pipes, etc. and their appurtenances that are typically required to pass through a through-penetration from one area of a building or the like to another.
"bonding" refers to intimate contact and bonding, and includes bonding two substances, for example, by a substance curing process, bonding two substances by a press fit, or bonding two substances by an adhesive.
"activation temperature" refers to the temperature at which the expandable composition begins to expand, or to the temperature at which the endothermic composition begins to change phase, decompose or react to begin absorbing heat.
"expanding agent" refers to a substance that expands in volume under high temperature (typically flame temperature) conditions.
By "expandable composition" is meant a mixture made by adding an expanding agent to a substrate or a substance formed from such a mixture, for example by curing, which is expandable in volume to at least about 25 times its original volume (as measured by the expansion behaviour test in GB 23864-2009).
"endothermic composition" refers to a mixture made by adding a hydrated inorganic salt to a substrate or a substance formed from such a mixture, for example by curing, that at a temperature can absorb heat by, for example, releasing hydrated water, undergoing a phase change that absorbs heat (i.e., a liquid to a gas), or other chemical change where a net heat absorption is required to carry out the reaction.
"not less than" includes values greater than and equal to the following.
"to" includes two values equal to or before and after it, for example, 5 to 10 means 5 or more and 10 or less.
"g" means weight unit gram, for example 1g means weight of 1 gram.
"mm" means a unit of length of millimeter, for example 1mm means 1 millimeter.
"mL" means volume unit milliliter, for example 1mL means a volume of 1 milliliter.
"min" means time unit minutes, for example 185min means 185 minutes.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the structure of a fire-protecting compound 100 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The fire-resistant composite 100 comprises a backing plate 1, an intumescent layer 2, a reinforcing mesh 3, a heat absorbing layer 4 and a decorative layer 5.
The backing plate 1 has an outer surface 11 and an inner surface 12. The outer surface 11 represents the surface that is located on the outside of the fire-resistant composite 100 that faces or is adjacent to a source of fire or heat in use, and the inner surface 12 represents the surface that is located on the inside of the fire-resistant composite 100 and opposite the outer surface 11 that is farther from the source of fire or heat in use. When the fire-protecting composite 100 is disposed as in fig. 1, a fire source or heat source is located on the left side of the fire-protecting composite 100. The backing plate 1 not only can strengthen the mechanical strength of the fireproof compound 100 and facilitate the use and installation of the fireproof compound, but also can block infrared radiation at high temperature and reduce and delay the conduction of heat to the expansion layer 2. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the backing plate 1 may be a high temperature resistant laminate including stainless steel plate, galvanized steel plate, carbon fiber plate, calcium silicate plate, fiber cement plate, or the like. In a preferred embodiment, the backing plate 1 is a stainless steel plate or a galvanized steel plate having a thickness of 0.3 to 10 millimeters (mm).
The intumescent layer 2 has a first surface 21 close to said backing plate 1 and a second surface 22 remote from said backing plate 1, said first surface 11 and said second surface 21 defining a space in which said intumescent layer 2 is located. The first surface 21 of the intumescent layer 2 is attached to the inner surface 12 of the backing plate 1. The expansion layer 2 may be attached to the backing plate 1 by pressing or adhesive bonding. In a preferred embodiment, the intumescent layer 2 may be bonded to the backing plate 1 by a curing process of the compound starting materials from which the intumescent layer 2 is made on the backing plate 1. The intumescent layer 2 may expand when subjected to high temperatures to enhance thermal insulation and reduce heat conduction along the flame retardant composite 100.
In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the expansion layer 2 is 2 to 10mm; preferably, the thickness of the expansion layer 2 is 2-5 mm; more preferably, the thickness of the expansion layer 2 is 2 to 3.5mm. The thickness of the intumescent layer 2 generally refers to the perpendicular distance between the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 of the intumescent layer 2.
In a preferred embodiment, the backing plate 1 is a stainless steel plate, and the swelling layer 2 is bonded to the backing plate 1 by surface-treating the stainless steel plate with an alcoholic solution of a silane coupling agent having a concentration of 0.1% to 50%, and then casting a polymer material of the swelling layer 2 on the surface of the treated stainless steel plate to cure the material. The inventors found through experiments that there is substantially no adhesive force between the backing plate 1 and the intumescent layer 2 without the surface treatment described above, but that the adhesive strength between the backing plate 1 and the intumescent layer 2 after the surface treatment described above can reach and exceed 0.5MPa. In a preferred embodiment, the bond strength between the backing plate 1 and the intumescent layer 2 may reach and exceed 0.8MPa. The concentration of the alcohol solution of the silane coupling agent is 0.1-50 percent, namely the silane coupling agent is dissolved in absolute alcohol to prepare the solution with the weight ratio of the silane coupling agent to the solution of 0.1-50 percent.
In a preferred embodiment, the intumescent layer 2 comprises an expandable composition made by adding flame retardants and an expanding agent to a high molecular weight polymer. Preferably, the expanding agent is expandable graphite with expansion performance not less than 100mL/g (milliliter/gram), and the volume expansion multiple of the expandable composition is not less than 25. The volume expansion ratio refers to the ratio of the volume of the expanded material after thermal expansion to its original volume. The volume expansion ratio is not less than 25, so that the thinner fireproof compound thickness can meet the corresponding fireproof requirement. The inventors found through experiments that a fire-resistant composite according to the present invention of 3 to 4mm (millimeters) thickness could pass the test for a fire resistance limit of 2 hours and a fire-resistant composite according to the present invention of 7 to 8mm thickness could pass the test for a fire resistance limit of 3 hours with a volume expansion factor of not less than 25. Preferably, the expanding agent is expandable graphite with expansion performance not less than 200mL/g, and the volume expansion multiple of the expandable composition is not less than 30. More preferably, the expanding agent is expandable graphite with expansion performance not less than 300mL/g, and the volume expansion multiple of the expandable composition is not less than 50.
In a preferred embodiment, the expansion layer 2 is composed of a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises 10 to 60 weight percent of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 2 to 20 weight percent of cross-linking agent, 5 to 60 weight percent of expandable graphite, 1 to 20 weight percent of light calcium carbonate, and the component B comprises 10 to 70 weight percent of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 0.1 to 2 weight percent of organotin catalyst, 0.1 to 3 weight percent of diethylhydroxylamine and 5 to 60 weight percent of flame retardant, and the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 0.8 to 1.2.
In a preferred embodiment, the cross-linking agent is selected from methyl orthosilicate, ethyl orthosilicate, propyl orthosilicate monomers, or polymers thereof. Preferably, the light calcium carbonate is a product treated by a surfactant, so that the sedimentation of large-particle expandable graphite in the liquid material can be prevented. Through experiments, the inventor finds that the light calcium carbonate treated by the surfactant can effectively increase the viscosity and thixotropic property of the hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and slow down the sedimentation velocity of the expandable graphite in the liquid mixture.
Table 1 below shows data relating to the sedimentation rate of expandable graphite in liquid feeds of various amounts of light calcium carbonate added by the present inventors (experimental method: the mixed liquid feeds were put into a graduated 500mL graduated cylinder with a charge of 300mL, the volume of the aggregation zone of expandable graphite was observed every 24 hours for 3 days, and sedimentation volume = 300 mL-the volume of aggregation zone observed, sedimentation rate = sedimentation volume/(time) in mL/h).
As can be seen from the experimental data in table 1, when 3% of light calcium carbonate is added, the sedimentation rate of the expandable graphite can be significantly reduced; when the addition amount reaches 12%, the sedimentation speed is quite slow, and the mixed liquid material can be stored for a long time.
A reinforcing mesh 3 is located in the intumescent layer 2 and adjacent to the second surface 22 of the intumescent layer 2. Reinforcing mesh 3 may improve the mechanical strength and some aspects of the physicochemical properties of fire-protecting composite 100. In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcing mesh 3 is flush with the second surface 22 of the intumescent layer 2, i.e. the surface of the reinforcing mesh 3 facing the second surface 22 of the intumescent layer 2 is in the same plane as the second surface 22. In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcement mesh 3 may be a wire mesh, including a wire mesh, a steel wire mesh, a copper wire mesh or an aluminum wire mesh.
Through experimentation, the inventors have found that the greatest flexural strength can be obtained by providing the reinforcing mesh 3 in the flame retardant composite 100, particularly when the reinforcing mesh 3 is disposed in the intumescent layer 2 and is flush with the second surface 22 of the intumescent layer 2.
Experiments on the flexural strength of the fire-protecting composite 100 are shown in the following table 2 (wherein the backing plate 1 of the fire-protecting composite 100 is a 0.5mm thick 304 stainless steel plate; the intumescent layer 2 is made by mixing the above-mentioned components a and B in equal parts by weight, the reinforcing mesh is a welded wire mesh with a wire diameter of 1.2mm and a pore diameter of 20 mm; and the heat absorbing layer 4 is made by mixing hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and sodium metasilicate pentahydrate in equal parts by weight, as measured in accordance with GB 23864-2009).
As can be seen from the experimental data of table 2, the flexural strength of the fire-protecting composite 100 is very low without the wire mesh; in the case where the wire netting floats on the surface of the intumescent layer 2, the flexural strength of the fire-retardant composite 100 is enhanced little; the bending strength can be greatly increased when the wire netting is embedded in the intumescent layer 2, and the maximum bending strength can be obtained when the wire netting is embedded in the intumescent layer 2 and is level with the second surface 22 of the intumescent layer 2.
The heat absorbing layer 4 has a first surface 41 close to the expansion layer 2 and a second surface 42 far away from the expansion layer 2, the first surface 41 and the second surface 42 define a space where the heat absorbing layer 4 is located, and the first surface 41 of the heat absorbing layer 4 is attached to the second surface 22 of the expansion layer 2. When the fire-proof composite 100 encounters a high temperature state, the heat absorbing layer 4 can absorb heat to release a large amount of bound water contained in the fire-proof composite, and the released bound water can further absorb heat in the phase-change process, so that the temperature of the penetration of the backfire surface is reduced, and the possibility of spontaneous combustion of the backfire surface combustible material due to the temperature rise to the ignition point is reduced.
The heat absorbing layer 4 may be attached to the expansion layer 2 by pressing or adhesive bonding. In a preferred embodiment, the heat sink layer 4 can be attached to the intumescent layer 2 by a curing process of the expandable composition used to make the intumescent layer 2 on the backing plate 1. In this way, the bonding between the intumescent layer 2 and the backing plate 1 and between the intumescent layer and the heat absorbing layer can be achieved in one process, thereby reducing and simplifying the manufacturing process of the fire-resistant composite and reducing the production costs.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat-absorbing layer 4 comprises a heat-absorbing composition made of 10 to 90% by weight of hydrated inorganic salts and 10 to 90% by weight of a base material, wherein the ratio of the weight of bound water to the weight of the heat-absorbing layer is not less than 15%, and the activation temperature of the heat-absorbing layer is 50 to 100 ℃. More preferably, the heat absorbing layer 4 comprises 10 to 90% by weight of hydrated inorganic salts and 10 to 90% by weight of a base material, wherein the hydrated inorganic salts comprise one or more of sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate, ferric nitrate nonahydrate, chromium nitrate nonahydrate, aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, aluminum ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, ferric sulfate heptahydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, sodium borate tetrahydrate, magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate and the like, and the base material comprises one or more of silicone rubber, epoxy resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane resin, basalt fiber cotton, ceramic fiber cotton and the like.
In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the fire-protecting composite 100 is 3 to 15mm; preferably, the thickness of the fire-protecting compound 100 is 3-8 mm; the thickness of the heat absorbing layer 4 is not less than 0.5mm. The thickness of the heat sink layer 4 generally refers to the perpendicular distance between the first surface 41 and the second surface 42 of the heat sink layer 4.
Through experiments, the inventor finds that the heat absorption layer 4 can be added to remarkably improve the fire resistance of the fireproof compound, and effectively solve the problem of overhigh temperature of penetrating objects at the back fire surface. The thickness of the intumescent layer 2 and the heat sink 4 affects the fire resistance of the article, as shown in Table 3 below (wherein the backing plate 1 of the fire-resistant composite 100 is a 0.5mm thick 304 stainless steel plate; the intumescent layer 2 is made from equal parts by weight of the above-mentioned equal A and B components, the reinforcing mesh 3 is a welded wire mesh with a wire diameter of 1.2mm and a pore diameter of 20 mm; and the heat sink 4 is made from equal parts by weight of hydroxyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane and sodium metasilicate pentahydrate. Fire resistance is measured according to GB23864-2009 and refers to the time when the temperature rise of the back surface of the penetration reaches 180℃at 25mm from the surface of the fire-resistant composite).
From the experimental data in table 3, it can be seen that in the absence of the heat sink layer 4, the expansion layer increased from 2mm to 3.5mm, and the time for the temperature rise of the penetration to reach 180 ℃ increased from 50 minutes (min) to 55 minutes (min), the prolonged time was only 5 minutes, and it was found that the increase in the thickness of the expansion layer 2 alone did not significantly extend the time for the temperature rise of the penetration to reach 180 ℃. The addition of the heat sink layer 4 significantly lengthens the time for the penetration temperature to rise to 180 c, improving the fire resistance and thermal insulation of the fire-resistant composite 100. When the thickness of the heat sink layer 4 is not less than 0.5mm, the fire-resistant heat insulation property of the fire-resistant composite 100 is significantly improved.
As a comparative experiment, the intumescent and endothermic compositions used in the present invention were directly mixed to make a flame retardant layer in place of the intumescent layer 2 of the present invention and the heat absorbing layer 4 of the present invention was omitted, wherein the flame retardant properties of the flame retardant composites of different raw material ratios and different thicknesses are shown in the following table 4 (wherein the backing plate of the flame retardant composite is a 304 stainless steel plate 0.5mm thick; the reinforcing mesh is a welded wire mesh having a wire diameter of 1.2mm and a pore diameter of 20 mm. The flame retardant heat insulation means the time for the temperature rise of 180 ℃ at 25mm from the back surface of the flame retardant composite throughout the test according to GB 23864-2009).
In the comparative experiments, the comparative article was a flame-retardant layer in which the expandable composition and the heat-absorbing composition were directly mixed and used as a whole without providing a heat-absorbing layer. From the experimental data in tables 3 and 4, it can be seen that the fire resistance of the comparative product was not improved but rather reduced to some extent in the case of the same thickness. It can be seen that the use of a combination of an expandable composition and a heat absorbing composition as an integral flame retardant layer without a heat absorbing layer, the resulting flame retardant composite is still not effective in solving the problem of excessive temperatures of the back-face penetrations.
In a preferred embodiment, the fire protection composite 100 further comprises a decorative layer 5 that is adhered to the second surface 42 of the heat sink layer 4. The decorative layer 5 may function as a decoration and closure. The decorative layer 5 can be glued to the heat sink layer 4 by means of glue provided on the back of the decorative layer 5. Preferably, the decorative layer 5 comprises aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.005 mm-0.02 mm.
In one embodiment according to the present invention, the process of making the fire-protecting composite 100 includes the steps of:
firstly, casting the raw material of the expansion layer 2 on a backing plate 1 subjected to surface treatment;
secondly, placing the backing plate 1 with the raw material of the expansion layer 2 poured into a cavity of a lower female die of a die;
thirdly, placing the wire netting 3 and the heat absorbing layer 4 on the lower surface of an upper male die of the die;
fourthly, placing the upper male die in the lower female die and pressing the upper male die, embedding the wire netting 3 into the expansion layer 2 and pasting the heat absorption layer 4 on the surface of the expansion layer 2;
and fifthly, maintaining pressure and heating to cure and shape the expansion layer 2.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of the structure of a fire-protecting composite 200 according to a second embodiment of the invention. The fire-resistant composite 200 comprises a backing plate 1, an intumescent layer 2, a reinforcing mesh layer 6, a heat absorbing layer 4 and a decorative layer 5.
In the fire-resistant composite 200, the backing plate 1 has an outer surface 11 and an inner surface 12.
In the fire-resistant composite 200, the intumescent layer 2 has a first surface 21 close to the backing plate 1 and a second surface 22 remote from the backing plate 1, the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 defining a space in which the intumescent layer 2 is located, the first surface 21 of the intumescent layer 2 conforming to the inner surface 12 of the backing plate 1.
In the fire-protecting composite 200, the reinforcing mesh layer 6 has a first surface 61 close to the intumescent layer 2 and a second surface 62 remote from the intumescent layer 2, the first surface 61 and the second surface 62 defining a space in which the reinforcing mesh layer 6 is located, the first surface 61 of the reinforcing mesh layer 6 conforming to the second surface 22 of the intumescent layer 2.
In the fire-resistant composite 200, the reinforcing mesh layer 6 comprises a high molecular polymer. The material contained in the reinforcing mesh layer 6 may be the same as the material contained in the expanded layer 2 or may be different from the material contained in the expanded layer 2.
In the fire-protection composite 200, the reinforcing mesh layer 6 is provided with a reinforcing mesh 3, which reinforcing mesh 3 may be a wire mesh, including a wire mesh, a steel wire mesh, a copper wire mesh or an aluminum wire mesh. In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcing mesh 3 is flush with the second surface 62 of the reinforcing mesh layer 6, i.e. the reinforcing mesh 3 faces the second surface 62 of the reinforcing mesh layer 6 and is in the same plane as the second surface 62.
In the fire-retardant composite 200, the heat-absorbing layer 4 has a first surface 41 close to the reinforcing mesh layer 6 and a second surface 42 far from the reinforcing mesh layer 6, the first surface 41 and the second surface 42 define a space where the heat-absorbing layer 4 is located, and the first surface 41 of the heat-absorbing layer 4 is adhered to the second surface 62 of the reinforcing mesh layer 6.
In a preferred embodiment, the fire protection composite 200 further comprises a decorative layer 5 that is adhered to the second surface 42 of the heat sink layer 4. The decorative layer 5 may function as a decoration and closure. The decorative layer 5 can be glued to the heat sink layer 4 by means of glue provided on the back of the decorative layer 5. Preferably, the decorative layer 5 comprises aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.005 mm-0.02 mm.
The main difference between the fire-protecting composite 200 and the fire-protecting composite 100 is that the reinforcing mesh 3 of the fire-protecting composite 200 is not embedded in the intumescent layer 2, but is embedded in other high molecular polymer materials to form a separate reinforcing mesh layer 6. The first surface 61 of the reinforcing mesh layer 6 is attached to the second surface 22 of the expansion layer 2, and the second surface 62 is attached to the first surface 41 of the heat sink layer 4.
When the fire-proof composite is installed, firstly, a special tool is used for cutting the fire-proof composite into a shape and a size suitable for a through hole, then, the fire-proof composite is fixed on the wall bodies or the floor slabs at the two sides of the hole through expansion screws, and the joint is sealed by using fire-proof sealant. It should be noted that, during installation, one side of the backing plate faces the outside of the through hole, and one side of the decorative layer faces the inside of the through hole. Thus, when a fire occurs, the temperature is transferred to the expansion layer through the backing plate, the expansion layer begins to expand, heat conduction is slowed down, when the heat conduction enables the heat absorption layer to reach the release temperature of crystal water, the crystal water is released, the crystal water evaporates to reduce the temperature of the installation part of the fireproof compound, and heat is prevented from being conducted to the backfire surface through the fireproof compound or the penetrating object.
The fire protection composite according to the invention can also be used for the fire protection of various electrochemical energy storage power stations or energy storage batteries, including lithium batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries, etc., in particular for the fire protection of batteries for new energy vehicles. When the automobile is installed, the fireproof compound is installed between the automobile chassis and the battery pack, and the decorative layer faces the battery pack. In the event of a fire in the battery pack, the volume of the intumescent layer of the fire protection composite according to the invention expands rapidly by a large factor, thus isolating the battery pack from combustion; meanwhile, when the temperature is too high, the heat absorption layer can also quickly release a large amount of crystal water, so that the spontaneous combustion of the automobile interior trim caused by the conduction of the temperature to the inside of the automobile is effectively reduced or slowed down. The fire-proof compound according to the invention can reduce the possibility of combustion and explosion, and can provide more precious time for passengers to escape.
The fire protection composite according to the invention can also be used as a removable fire protection partition for a battery energy storage power station or as a partition for a fire protection partition/fire protection cell in a battery energy storage power station. The fire protection composite according to the present invention can very effectively prevent one area from being affected or spreading to an adjacent area after a fire. The fireproof compound has the advantages of small occupied area, light weight, convenient and quick installation and disassembly, and the disassembled fireproof compound can be reused.
The fireproof compound can effectively solve the problem of overhigh temperature of penetrations at the back surface, and has excellent flame retardant and heat insulation effects; in addition, the fireproof composite according to the invention has the advantages of thinner thickness, lighter weight, convenient production and installation and wide application.
While the invention has been described in terms of the foregoing embodiments, it is to be understood that the foregoing description is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the particular embodiments described above, but on the contrary, is intended to cover such embodiments as defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (15)
1. A fire-resistant composite, comprising:
a backing plate having an outer surface and an inner surface;
an intumescent layer having a first surface proximal to said backing plate and a second surface distal to said backing plate, said first and second surfaces defining a space in which said intumescent layer is located, said first surface of said intumescent layer conforming to said inner surface of said backing plate;
a reinforcing mesh located in the intumescent layer and adjacent the second surface of the intumescent layer;
and the heat absorption layer is provided with a first surface close to the expansion layer and a second surface far away from the expansion layer, the first surface and the second surface define a space where the heat absorption layer is positioned, and the first surface of the heat absorption layer is attached to the second surface of the expansion layer.
2. The fire resistant composite of claim 1, wherein: the expandable layer includes an expandable composition made by adding a flame retardant and an expanding agent to a high molecular polymer, wherein the expandable composition has a volume expansion factor of not less than 25.
3. The fire resistant composite of claim 2, wherein: the expanding agent comprises expandable graphite with an expansion property of not less than 100 mL/g.
4. The fire resistant composite of claim 2, wherein: the expandable composition consists of a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises 10-60% of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 2-20% of cross-linking agent, 5-60% of expandable graphite and 1-20% of light calcium carbonate by weight, and the component B comprises 10-70% of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 0.1-2% of organotin catalyst, 0.1-3% of diethylhydroxylamine and 5-60% of flame retardant by weight, wherein the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 0.8-1.2.
5. The fire resistant composite of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the heat absorbing layer comprises a heat absorbing composition made of 10-90% of hydrated inorganic salts and 10-90% of base materials in percentage by weight, and the activation temperature of the heat absorbing composition is 50-100 ℃.
6. The fire resistant composite of claim 5, wherein: the heat absorbing layer contains the ratio of the weight of the bound water to the weight of the heat absorbing layer not less than 15%.
7. The fire resistant composite of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the thickness of the heat absorbing layer is not less than 0.5mm.
8. The fire resistant composite of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the reinforcing mesh comprises a wire mesh that is flush with the second surface of the intumescent layer.
9. The fire resistant composite of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: and bonding the expansion layer on the backing plate by utilizing the curing process of the compound raw materials for manufacturing the expansion layer on the backing plate.
10. The fire resistant composite of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the backing plate is a stainless steel plate, and the swelling layer is attached to the backing plate in a manner that high polymer raw materials of the swelling layer are poured on the surface of the treated stainless steel plate to be solidified after the surface of the stainless steel plate is treated by using a silane coupling agent alcohol solution with the concentration of 0.1% -50%.
11. The fire resistant composite of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the thickness of the backing plate is 0.3-10 mm, and the thickness of the expansion layer is 2-3.5 mm.
12. The fire resistant composite of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the process of making the fire resistant composite comprises the steps of:
a first step of casting a raw material of the expansion layer on the backing plate subjected to surface treatment;
a second step of placing the backing plate poured with the raw material of the expansion layer in a cavity of a lower female die of a die;
thirdly, placing the wire netting and the heat absorption layer on the lower surface of an upper male die of the die;
fourthly, placing the upper male die in the lower female die, pressing the upper male die, embedding the wire netting into the expansion layer, and enabling the heat absorption layer to be attached to the surface of the expansion layer;
and fifthly, maintaining pressure and heating to cure and shape the expansion layer.
13. The fire resistant composite of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the fire-protecting composite also includes a decorative layer.
14. The fire resistant composite of claim 13, wherein: the decorative layer comprises aluminum foil, and the thickness of the aluminum foil is 0.005-0.02 mm.
15. A fire-resistant composite, comprising:
a backing plate having an outer surface and an inner surface;
an intumescent layer having a first surface proximal to said backing plate and a second surface distal to said backing plate, said first and second surfaces defining a space in which said intumescent layer is located, said first surface of said intumescent layer conforming to said inner surface of said backing plate;
a reinforcing mesh layer having a first surface proximal to the intumescent layer and a second surface distal to the intumescent layer, the first and second surfaces defining a space in which the reinforcing mesh layer is located, the first surface of the reinforcing mesh layer conforming to the second surface of the intumescent layer;
and the heat absorption layer is provided with a first surface close to the reinforcing mesh layer and a second surface far away from the reinforcing mesh layer, the first surface and the second surface define a space where the heat absorption layer is positioned, and the first surface of the heat absorption layer is attached to the second surface of the reinforcing mesh layer.
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2007160690A (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-28 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Fireproofing sheet for steel frame |
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| CN203236802U (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-10-16 | 贾莉玲 | Temperature display fireproof sealing plate |
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| CN108751880A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-06 | 青岛正望钢水控制股份有限公司 | A kind of fire window inflatable heat-barrier material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113861944A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2021-12-31 | 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 | Inorganic hydrated salt phase-change material composition, inorganic hydrated salt phase-change material, and preparation method and application thereof |
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2022
- 2022-05-13 CN CN202210519589.0A patent/CN114750480B/en active Active
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| JP2007160690A (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-06-28 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Fireproofing sheet for steel frame |
| CN201439617U (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-04-21 | 河北天海纵横科技有限责任公司 | Multi-purpose anti-fire composite plate |
| CN104245868A (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2014-12-24 | 道康宁公司 | Protecting substrates against damage by fire |
| CN203236802U (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-10-16 | 贾莉玲 | Temperature display fireproof sealing plate |
| CN106867257A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2017-06-20 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | A kind of method for preparing phase transformation composite |
| CN106518125A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-03-22 | 赵岩 | Composite phase-change heat storage brick coated by refractory material |
| CN108751880A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-06 | 青岛正望钢水控制股份有限公司 | A kind of fire window inflatable heat-barrier material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113861944A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2021-12-31 | 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 | Inorganic hydrated salt phase-change material composition, inorganic hydrated salt phase-change material, and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN114750480A (en) | 2022-07-15 |
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