CN114747795A - Tobacco absolute oil, preparation method thereof, smoking substrate and tobacco product - Google Patents
Tobacco absolute oil, preparation method thereof, smoking substrate and tobacco product Download PDFInfo
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- CN114747795A CN114747795A CN202210348180.7A CN202210348180A CN114747795A CN 114747795 A CN114747795 A CN 114747795A CN 202210348180 A CN202210348180 A CN 202210348180A CN 114747795 A CN114747795 A CN 114747795A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/167—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes in liquid or vaporisable form, e.g. liquid compositions for electronic cigarettes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of tobacco absolute, which comprises the steps of raw material extraction, column chromatography separation, collection screening and product purification. In the processes of raw material extraction, column chromatography separation and collective screening, different organic solvents are used to select specific aroma substances in tobacco powder, and components which do not contribute to the original fragrance of tobacco and tobacco components which can generate irritation during smoking are removed through the selection, so that the tobacco absolute oil with strong tobacco fragrance can be obtained. The invention also discloses a smoking substrate and a tobacco product containing the tobacco absolute obtained by the method, and the smoking substrate and the tobacco product can emit rich tobacco fragrance when in use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco, in particular to tobacco absolute oil, a preparation method thereof, a smoking substrate and a tobacco product.
Background
Tobacco flavor is an important component of a cigarette smoking substrate. The use of the essence and the spice enriches the taste type of the cigarette product, so that the flavor quality of the cigarette can accord with the tastes of different consumers. The formation and development of the technical research on the tobacco flavors and fragrances are closely related to the development of the cigarette industry, and play an important role in promoting the development of the tobacco industry. The tobacco flavor and fragrance technology is taken as a key technology for the development of the tobacco industry, is highly regarded by cigarette enterprises, and becomes an important core technology for the development and expansion of cigarette brands.
Common methods for preparing the extract from tobacco leaves include solvent extraction, steam distillation, headspace co-distillation, Simultaneous Distillation Extraction (SDE), and the like. In general, steam distillation and solvent extraction are conventional extraction methods, and distillation extraction and headspace co-distillation are relatively more suitable for instrumental detection and analysis. In recent years, with the development of extraction technology, supercritical extraction technology has also been used to prepare tobacco extracts.
The product obtained by the conventional extraction process contains a plurality of components which do not contribute to the tobacco fragrance in the raw materials, such as resin, wax and the like, and the existence of the components can influence the transmission of other fragrance components in the essence in the cigarette smoking process, further influence the perfuming effect, and ensure that the cigarette product has insufficient fragrance and poor hair penetration.
For example, CN101570717A discloses a preparation method of tobacco extract, which comprises the steps of enzymolysis, ultrasonic extraction, filtration, chromatographic column separation and concentration under reduced pressure. In the preparation method, only 95% ethanol is used for elution in a chromatographic column separation step, so that the aromatic substances in the tobacco components are difficult to separate, and the extract inevitably contains a plurality of components which do not contribute to the fragrance and components with strong irritation. And in the process of judging whether to collect the eluent, only a judgment mode with strong subjectivity such as color, aroma and the like is used as a collection basis, so that the components of the extract are difficult to effectively control, and the repeatability of the test is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problem that when the aroma substances are extracted from tobacco, the aroma substances contain a plurality of components which do not contribute to the tobacco aroma in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of tobacco absolute, which can effectively remove the components which do not contribute to the tobacco aroma and the components with strong irritation in the tobacco absolute and can obtain the tobacco absolute with small irritation and strong tobacco aroma.
Specifically, the invention provides a preparation method of tobacco absolute, which comprises the following steps:
raw material extraction: carrying out solvent extraction on tobacco powder by using an organic solvent with the polarity of 3-7 to obtain an extracting solution, and carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the extracting solution to obtain a first concentrated solution;
and (3) column chromatography separation: performing column chromatography on the first concentrated solution, wherein the stationary phase is silica gel filler, performing gradient elution by using more than one organic solvent with the polarity of 0-3 and more than one organic solvent with the polarity of 3-7 in sequence from small to large, and collecting each elution fraction respectively;
screening the collected parts: screening the elution fractions by sensory evaluation assay, and combining the fractions;
and (3) product purification: and concentrating the combined elution fractions under reduced pressure until no liquid is evaporated to obtain the tobacco absolute.
According to the preparation method, firstly, organic solvent with the polarity of 3-7 is used for carrying out solvent extraction on tobacco powder. Through the test of the applicant, the extract obtained by using the organic solvent with the polarity of 3-7 has the expected original tobacco fragrance after sensory evaluation.
Then concentrating the extracting solution to obtain a first concentrated solution, and carrying out column chromatography separation on the first concentrated solution. In the column chromatography process, the used organic solvents are divided into two types, one type is an organic solvent with the polarity of 0-3 and the polarity of less, and the other type is an organic solvent with the polarity of 3-7 and the polarity of more. The main components of the eluent obtained by using the organic solvent with lower polarity are alkane and the like, but not aroma components, and the eluent is not used as a raw material for preparing the target tobacco absolute after column chromatography separation. By further component screening of the first concentrate using such a solvent, alkanes in the extract which do not contribute to the flavor can be efficiently separated from the first concentrate.
The eluent obtained by using the organic solvent with the polarity of 3-7 and the polarity of larger polarity generally contains more aroma substances with tobacco aroma. In order to further screen the components, the invention utilizes the sensory evaluation result as the test basis to screen the elution fractions with strong tobacco fragrance. Not only those portions lacking strong tobacco aroma need to be removed in this step, but those portions that are irritating when smoked also need to be removed.
Through the three-time screening, components which do not contribute to the fragrance and components with large irritation in the tobacco can be effectively removed, and finally, the expected tobacco absolute oil can be obtained only by combining elution fractions with stronger tobacco fragrance, concentrating under reduced pressure until no liquid is evaporated out, and then purifying.
It should be noted that in the technical solution of the present application, a solvent with a relatively low boiling point needs to be selected to ensure that the solvent can be evaporated out quickly, the time required for vacuum concentration is shortened, and the target product tobacco absolute oil is not lost as much as possible in the process of vacuum evaporation. Preferably, in the extraction of the raw material and the column chromatography separation step of the present application, the boiling point of the selected organic solvent is below 70 ℃.
In some embodiments, the step of sensory panel test comprises: and respectively carrying out reduced pressure concentration on one part of each elution fraction to obtain second concentrated solution, diluting the plurality of second concentrated solutions, and respectively adding the diluted second concentrated solutions into blank cigarettes for sensory evaluation. Before the second concentrated solution is added into the blank cigarette, the second concentrated solution needs to be diluted by flavoring solvents for cigarettes such as edible ethanol or propylene glycol.
In the collection screening step, referring to GB 5606.4-2005, when the top score of the fragrance score is 10 minutes, the elution collection having a fragrance score of 6 or more is screened. Of course, in practice, the elution fractions with more obvious style characteristics of the tobacco can be further screened according to requirements, for example, the elution fractions with the aroma score of more than 7 or more than 8 are selected and combined. Table 1 shows sensory evaluation results corresponding to each score segment when the aroma is scored according to the above criteria.
Sensory evaluation reference GB 5606.4-2005 cigarette part 4: the sensory technical requirements are carried out by the organization of the smoking experts of the tobacco Limited liability company in Guizhou.
Table 1.
The result of sensory evaluation is used as the basis for screening the fractions of the column chromatography eluent, and compared with the prior art in which the characteristics of color, smell and the like are used as the screening basis, the method is more accurate, so that the components which do not contribute to the original fragrance of the tobacco in the tobacco absolute oil and the components which cause stimulation to suction can be effectively removed.
In some embodiments, the solvent used in the column chromatography separation step comprises n-hexane, diethyl ether and methanol. More specifically, organic solvents respectively formed by n-hexane, diethyl ether and methanol, and organic solvents with multiple polarities obtained by mixing two of n-hexane, diethyl ether and methanol are included
The n-hexane, the ether and the methanol have obvious polarity difference, low cost, easy obtaining and easy processing, and are common solvent systems for obtaining the tobacco extract in laboratories and industrial production. The n-hexane is a nonpolar solvent, and the polarities of the diethyl ether and the methanol are 3-7. Of course, in other possible embodiments, it is possible to use, for example, petroleum ether or the like as the nonpolar solvent, or dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, acetone, ethylene glycol or the like as the polar solvent. In the present invention, a solvent or a mixture thereof which is nontoxic and has a low boiling point and is easily removed is preferably used as an elution solvent in column chromatography.
In some embodiments, the solvent used in the column chromatography separation step is n-hexane, a n-hexane-diethyl ether mixed solvent in a volume ratio of 9:1, a n-hexane-diethyl ether mixed solvent in a volume ratio of 7:3, diethyl ether, a diethyl ether-methanol mixed solvent in a volume ratio of 98:2, a diethyl ether-methanol mixed solvent in a volume ratio of 9:1, and methanol in this order.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the elution solvent system used is the above-mentioned 7 solvents. The n-hexane, ether and methanol mentioned therein are pure solvents, and the remainder is a mixed solvent. Of course, the volume ratio of the organic solvent used in the mixed solvent is not limited in the present invention, and in other embodiments, mixed solvents having different volume ratios may be used for elution.
In some embodiments, if the above solvent system is adopted, collecting elution fractions using an ether-methanol mixed solvent with a volume ratio of 98:2, an ether-methanol mixed solvent with a volume ratio of 9:1 and methanol as solvents, combining the three elution fractions, and distilling under reduced pressure until no liquid is distilled out to obtain the tobacco absolute oil.
In some embodiments, the above preparation method satisfies at least one of the following process conditions:
controlling the temperature by using a water bath during raw material extraction, wherein the temperature of the water bath is 40-60 ℃;
the temperature of the water bath is controlled in a lower range, and the decompression operation is matched, so that the time for removing the organic solvent can be shortened, and the structure of the aroma substances is not damaged.
In the raw material extraction step, the volume ratio of the mass of the tobacco powder to the organic solvent is 1 (5-20), wherein when the mass unit of the tobacco powder is gram, the volume unit of the organic solvent is milliliter;
the raw material extraction step further comprises a step of drying and removing insoluble substances in the extract.
The invention provides a tobacco absolute oil which is prepared by any one of the preparation methods.
When the tobacco absolute oil is used, a tobacco flavoring solvent is required to be added into the tobacco absolute oil for dilution, the mass ratio of the volume of the used tobacco flavoring solvent to the tobacco powder used in the raw material extraction step is (0.5-2): 1, wherein when the mass unit of the tobacco powder is gram, the volume unit of the tobacco flavoring solvent is milliliter. The common flavoring solvent for cigarettes used in the invention can be edible ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerol or the mixed solvent of the solvents.
The tobacco absolute oil can be used in the smoking section of the cigarette, namely the part of the cigarette which generates aerosol, and can also be used in the filtering section of the cigarette, thereby enriching the smoking taste.
The third aspect of the invention provides a smoking substrate, which comprises a tobacco raw material and the tobacco absolute oil diluted by the using method, wherein the mass ratio of the diluted tobacco absolute oil to the tobacco raw material is 0.05-0.5%.
The smoking substrate can be used for traditional cigarettes or heating cigarettes, and is suitable for being used in a state of being ignited by open fire (800 ℃) or not being burnt by heating (200-500 ℃).
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a smoking article comprising the tobacco absolute or the smoking substrate described above.
The preparation method of the tobacco absolute can effectively remove components which do not contribute to the original tobacco fragrance in the tobacco extract and components which can generate irritation during smoking through multiple steps of screening and purification, thereby obtaining the tobacco absolute with strong original tobacco fragrance.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended that the features of the invention be limited to that embodiment. On the contrary, the invention is described in connection with the embodiments for the purpose of covering alternatives or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are included to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. The invention may be practiced without these particulars. Moreover, some of the specific details have been left out of the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the focus of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
One specific embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps of:
(1) raw material extraction: mixing 20g tobacco powder with 200mL dichloromethane, reflux extracting at 50 deg.C water bath for 4 hr, filtering, and adding anhydrous sodium sulfate into the filtrate for drying. The dried filtrate was concentrated in a 40 ℃ water bath under reduced pressure to about 1/40% of the original filtrate volume to obtain a first concentrated solution, which in this example was about 5mL in volume.
(2) And (3) column chromatography separation: and (3) filling 100-mesh 300-mesh silica gel into a glass chromatographic column with the inner diameter of 2cm and the length of 90cm until the silica gel is close to the top of the chromatographic column, filling the column with n-hexane by a wet method, and carrying out column chromatography separation on the first concentrated solution by a dry method.
Specifically, according to the polarity from small to large, the n-hexane and the n-hexane are used in sequence: diethyl ether (volume ratio 9: 1), and n-hexane: ethyl ether (volume ratio 7: 3), ethyl ether: methanol (volume ratio 98: 2), ethyl ether: methanol (volume ratio 9: 1) and methanol are eluted. The volumes of the seven elution solvents are all 200mL, and the seven eluents are respectively collected to obtain seven elution fractions.
(3) Screening the collected parts: and (3) selecting a proper amount of solution from the seven elution fractions, respectively carrying out reduced pressure concentration to obtain second concentrated solutions, diluting the obtained second concentrated solutions by using flavoring solvents for cigarettes such as edible ethanol or propylene glycol and the like, and respectively adding the diluted second concentrated solutions into blank cigarettes for sensory evaluation. Sensory evaluation was performed according to the methods and criteria described above. In this example, the sensory evaluation scores of the elution fractions obtained by using the elution solvents of (v) - (v) were all 6 points or more, and the elution fractions had a strong tobacco flavor and had no strong smoking stimulation. The sensory evaluation score of the eluent obtained by using the eluting solvent of the (I) - (IV) is less than 6, the eluent needs to be discarded, and the elution fractions obtained by the eluting solvent of the (IV) - (IV) are combined in the subsequent steps.
Further, in this example, the elution fractions were also analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using GC/MS. The quantitative results of GC/MS area normalization are shown in tables 2 to 8, and the composition and content of the eluent can be roughly determined. Tables 2 to 8 show the analysis results of the eluents obtained using the eluting solvents numbered (r) - (c), respectively. In GC/MS, the eluent concentrated by evaporation was used.
As can be seen from the analysis results in tables 2 to 8, the main tobacco components obtained by using the eluting solvent (i) -c are alkanes and the like, not aroma components; the obtained tobacco component with higher benzene series content by the eluting solvent IV can cause uncomfortable reactions such as increase of cigarette smoke irritation and the like. The elution fraction obtained by adopting the elution solvent (c) - (c) contains common important tobacco flavor components, such as benzyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, solanone, norsolanedione, megastigmatrienone, geranyl acetone, farnesyl acetone and the like. The accuracy of the sensory evaluation can be proved by the analysis result of GC/MS.
(4) And (3) product purification: and concentrating the combined elution fractions under reduced pressure until no liquid is evaporated to obtain the tobacco absolute. Further, the tobacco absolute oil can be uniformly added into a tobacco formulation in the cigarette production feeding or flavoring process according to 0.05-0.5% of the mass of the tobacco raw materials after being diluted by using a flavoring solvent for cigarettes. Wherein the flavoring solvent for cigarette used in dilution is ethanol, and the usage amount is 20 mL.
The tobacco absolute obtained in the embodiment effectively removes components such as alkane which does not contribute to the flavor of the tobacco and benzene series which can bring stimulation to the smoking, so that the cigarette containing the tobacco absolute can exert strong herbal fragrance to the smoking without increasing the stimulation to the smoking.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
TABLE 5
TABLE 6
TABLE 7
TABLE 8
In the process of column chromatography separation and collection screening, when the solvent system disclosed in this example is used, in the process of laboratory exploration, each effluent collection needs to be subjected to sensory evaluation to determine which collection contains the aroma substances meeting the requirements. In the subsequent expanded industrial production, if the same solvent system is used for extracting tobacco powder or other forms of tobacco raw materials, the parts with the solvent of (c) - (c) can be directly collected and combined, namely, the step of sensory evaluation is omitted, and the combined liquid is concentrated and the solvent is recovered, so that the target tobacco absolute is obtained.
While the invention has been described in connection with certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is illustrative of the invention in which specific embodiments are disclosed and that no limitation to the specific embodiments is intended thereby. Various changes in form and detail, including simple deductions or substitutions, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. The preparation method of the tobacco absolute is characterized by comprising the following steps:
raw material extraction: carrying out solvent extraction on tobacco powder by using an organic solvent with the polarity of 3-7 to obtain an extracting solution, and carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the extracting solution to obtain a first concentrated solution;
and (3) column chromatography separation: performing column chromatography on the first concentrated solution, wherein a stationary phase is silica gel filler, performing gradient elution by using more than one organic solvent with the polarity of 0-3 and more than one organic solvent with the polarity of 3-7 in sequence from small to large, and collecting each elution fraction respectively;
collecting and screening: screening the elution fractions by sensory evaluation assay, and combining the fractions;
and (3) product purification: and concentrating the combined elution fractions under reduced pressure until no liquid is evaporated to obtain the tobacco absolute oil.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of sensory panel test comprises: and respectively carrying out reduced pressure concentration on one part of each elution fraction to obtain a second concentrated solution, diluting a plurality of second concentrated solutions, and respectively adding the diluted second concentrated solutions into blank cigarettes for sensory evaluation.
3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the pool screening step, when the full score of the aroma score is 10 minutes, the elution pool having an aroma score of 6 or more is screened out with reference to GB 5606.4-2005.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent used in the column chromatography separation step includes organic solvents respectively formed from n-hexane, diethyl ether and methanol, and organic solvents of various polarities obtained by mixing two of n-hexane, diethyl ether and methanol.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that the organic solvent used in the step of column chromatography separation is n-hexane, a mixed n-hexane-ether solvent with a volume ratio of 9:1, a mixed n-hexane-ether solvent with a volume ratio of 7:3, ether, a mixed ether-methanol solvent with a volume ratio of 98:2, a mixed ether-methanol solvent with a volume ratio of 9:1, and methanol in this order.
6. The preparation method of claim 5, wherein elution fractions using an ether-methanol mixed solvent with a volume ratio of 98:2, an ether-methanol mixed solvent with a volume ratio of 9:1 and methanol as solvents are collected, and the three elution fractions are combined and distilled under reduced pressure until no liquid is distilled out, so as to obtain the tobacco absolute oil.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the raw material extraction step satisfies at least one of the following process conditions:
controlling the temperature by using a water bath, wherein the temperature of the water bath is 40-60 ℃;
the volume ratio of the mass of the tobacco powder to the organic solvent is 1 (5-20), wherein when the mass unit of the tobacco powder is gram, the volume unit of the organic solvent is milliliter;
further comprises removing insoluble substances from the extract and drying.
8. A tobacco absolute, characterized in that it is produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The use method of the tobacco absolute according to claim 8, characterized in that a flavoring solvent for tobacco is added into the tobacco absolute to dilute the tobacco absolute when in use, the mass ratio of the volume of the flavoring solvent for tobacco to the tobacco powder is (0.5-2): 1, wherein the volume unit of the flavoring solvent for tobacco is milliliter when the mass unit of the tobacco powder is gram.
10. A smoking substrate comprising a tobacco material and a tobacco absolute diluted by the method of use of claim 9, wherein the mass ratio of the diluted tobacco absolute to the tobacco material is between 0.05% and 0.5%.
11. A smoking article comprising the tobacco absolute of claim 8 or the smoking substrate of claim 10.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103436363A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-12-11 | 华宝食用香精香料（上海）有限公司 | Preparation method of aroma substance in Zimbabwe tobacco extractive as well as products and application of aroma substance |
| CN109280581A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-29 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of high efficiency preparation method and purposes of pure tobacco oil |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103436363A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-12-11 | 华宝食用香精香料（上海）有限公司 | Preparation method of aroma substance in Zimbabwe tobacco extractive as well as products and application of aroma substance |
| CN109280581A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-29 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of high efficiency preparation method and purposes of pure tobacco oil |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 冼可法;沈朝智;戚万敏;夏巧玲;陈亚申;: "云南烤烟中性香味物质分析研究", 中国烟草学报, vol. 1, no. 02, pages 1 - 9 * |
| 冼可法等: "云南烤烟中性香味物质分析研究", 《中国烟草学报》 * |
| 冼可法等: "云南烤烟中性香味物质分析研究", 《中国烟草学报》, vol. 1, no. 02, 1 July 1992 (1992-07-01), pages 1 - 9 * |
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