CN114745056A - Communication device, quantum communication network, and communication method - Google Patents

Communication device, quantum communication network, and communication method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114745056A
CN114745056A CN202210373043.9A CN202210373043A CN114745056A CN 114745056 A CN114745056 A CN 114745056A CN 202210373043 A CN202210373043 A CN 202210373043A CN 114745056 A CN114745056 A CN 114745056A
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China
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optical
component
communication
coupled
channel
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
龙桂鲁
牛鹏皓
张飞昊
陈秀伟
王敏
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Beijing Institute Of Quantum Information Science
Tsinghua University
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Beijing Institute Of Quantum Information Science
Tsinghua University
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Priority to CN202210373043.9A priority Critical patent/CN114745056A/en
Publication of CN114745056A publication Critical patent/CN114745056A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/40—Transceivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/80—Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water
    • H04B10/85—Protection from unauthorised access, e.g. eavesdrop protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing
    • H04J14/0202—Arrangements therefor
    • H04J14/021—Reconfigurable arrangements, e.g. reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers [ROADM] or tunable optical add/drop multiplexers [TOADM]
    • H04J14/0212—Reconfigurable arrangements, e.g. reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers [ROADM] or tunable optical add/drop multiplexers [TOADM] using optical switches or wavelength selective switches [WSS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a communication apparatus, including: a transmitting component for transmitting an optical signal carrying information; the receiving component is used for receiving an optical signal carrying information; an optical path conversion component coupled to the transmit component, the receive component, and at least one channel, respectively, and configured to: the communication relationship between the transmitting component, the receiving component and the at least one channel can be converted. The communication device provided by the invention realizes the dynamic adjustment of channels among nodes as required under a mesh topology structure, and when a certain channel can not be used for transmitting signals temporarily due to faults, other related channels can be quickly communicated through the switching of the optical path conversion component so as to quickly realize channel change. The quantum communication network provided by the invention solves the problems of increased deployment cost and difficulty of quantum direct communication transceivers under the condition of increased networking nodes of a mesh topology structure, and realizes the duplex communication of any two communication nodes in the quantum direct communication network.

Description

Communication device, quantum communication network, and communication method
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of quantum direct communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication device, a quantum communication network, and a communication method.
Background
In a quantum communication network, each node needs to be deployed with a terminal device supporting the operation of a quantum communication protocol, and due to the limitation of quantum state modulation, a transmitter and a receiver cannot be multiplexed, and each transmitter/receiver can only perform simplex communication with one receiver/transmitter at the same time. Therefore, in the case of cross-node transmission, the number of terminal deployments at the node will increase. The more links connected to a single node, the greater the number of end machines required at the node.
In the prior art, multi-node networking is mainly realized through a star-type structure, as shown in fig. 1, a central node 0 only undertakes a switching function of links among nodes under a star-type network topology structure. The nodes 1-4 are communication nodes, and each communication node is provided with a quantum direct communication transmitter and a quantum direct communication receiver. When some two nodes need to communicate, the central node 0 connects the links between the two nodes. If node 1 and node 2 need to communicate, node 0 switches link a and link B on. The star network topology has the advantages that: the communication nodes are convenient to add and delete, and duplex communication among all the communication nodes can be realized by only deploying one set of transceiver for each communication node; the disadvantages are that: once the link between the communication node and the central node is broken, the node is disconnected from the network. Once the central node 0 is damaged, the network function is broken down.
As shown in fig. 2, if a mesh structure is used for networking, there is no central node, and all nodes are communication nodes. When the node 1 and the node 2 need to communicate, the link a may be used directly. Node 1 and node 3 use link C for communication. Node 2 and node 4 communicate using link a and link B, while node 1 acts as a relay node. One advantage of the mesh topology is that when a link fails, the communication function can be performed without interruption by using other nodes as relay nodes. For example, if link C fails, then node 1 and node 3 may communicate via link A-link B or link D-link E. When link a fails, node 1 and node 2 may communicate via link C-link B or link D-link E-link B.
When the communication node needs to be used as a relay node, each transmitter/receiver can only perform simplex communication with one receiver/transmitter at the same time, and the relay node needs to deploy at least two sets of transceivers. According to different network topologies, the more links the relay node is connected to, the greater the number of transmitter/receiver terminals that need to be deployed. With the increase of communication nodes in the network, the network topology structure becomes more complex, so that the difficulty and cost of network deployment are greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of at least one of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a communication device comprising:
a transmitting component for transmitting an optical signal carrying information;
a receiving component for receiving an optical signal carrying information;
an optical path conversion component coupled to the transmit component, the receive component, and the at least one channel, respectively, and configured to:
the communication relationship between the transmitting component, the receiving component and the at least one channel can be converted.
According to an aspect of the present invention, wherein the optical path conversion member comprises:
a circulator having a first end, a second end, and a third end, wherein the first end is coupled to the transmit component and the third end is coupled to the receive component, the circulator configured to:
the optical signal input into the circulator from the first end is output through the second end;
the optical signal input into the circulator from the second end is output through the third end.
According to an aspect of the present invention, wherein the optical path conversion module is coupled to n channels, n ≧ 2, the optical path conversion module further includes:
n +1 optical switches having an input port, n output ports, wherein:
an input port of one of the optical switches is coupled to the second end of the circulator, and input ports of n other optical switches in the optical switches are coupled to the n channels respectively;
and the output port of each optical switch in the n +1 optical switches is respectively coupled with the output ports of other optical switches in the n +1 optical switches.
According to an aspect of the invention, wherein the optical path conversion component is further configured to:
and switching the communication relation among the transmitting assembly, the receiving assembly and the n channels by switching the output ports of the n +1 optical switches.
According to an aspect of the invention, wherein the optical switch is formed by a 1 × 2 optical switch, the 1 × 2 optical switch has one input port and two output ports.
According to one aspect of the invention, wherein:
the optical signal carries information through the particle characteristics of the optical quanta;
the channel comprises an optical fiber or free space.
According to one aspect of the invention, the communication device is used for quantum direct communication, and the transmitting component and the receiving component perform eavesdropping detection by transmitting and receiving optical signals carrying partial information.
The present invention also provides a quantum communication network comprising a plurality of communication devices as described above, wherein:
a plurality of the communication devices communicate through a channel and communicate an optical signal carrying information through the channel.
According to one aspect of the invention, wherein:
a plurality of communication paths are arranged between every two communication devices.
According to an aspect of the invention, the quantum communication network further comprises:
a control unit communicatively coupled to a plurality of the communication devices, the communication devices further configured to:
and the light path conversion component converts the communication relation between the transmitting component, the receiving component and the at least one channel according to the instruction of the control unit.
The present invention also provides a method of communicating using a communication device as described above, comprising:
when the communication device and other communication devices have communication requirements, the light path conversion component is used for communicating channels corresponding to the transmitting component, the receiving component and the other communication devices;
when the other two communication devices are communicated through the communication device, the channels corresponding to the other two communication devices are communicated through the optical path conversion component.
According to an aspect of the present invention, wherein the optical path conversion module is coupled to n channels, n ≧ 2, the optical path conversion module further includes:
a circulator having a first end, a second end, and a third end, wherein the first end is coupled to the transmit component and the third end is coupled to the receive component, the circulator configured to: the optical signal input into the circulator from the first end is output through the second end; the optical signal input into the circulator from the second end is output through the third end;
n +1 optical switches having an input port and n output ports, wherein the input port of one of the optical switches is coupled to the second end of the circulator, and the input ports of the other n optical switches are coupled to the n channels, respectively; each output port of the n +1 optical switches is coupled with the output ports of other optical switches in the n +1 optical switches respectively;
the method further comprises the following steps:
and switching the communication relation among the transmitting assembly, the receiving assembly and the n channels by switching the output ports of the n +1 optical switches.
According to one aspect of the invention, the method further comprises:
and the transmitting assembly and the receiving assembly are used for transmitting and receiving optical signals carrying partial information to carry out eavesdropping detection.
The communication device and the communication method provided by the invention realize the dynamic adjustment of channels between nodes as required under a mesh topology structure, and when a certain channel can not be used for transmitting signals temporarily due to faults, other related channels can be rapidly communicated through the switching of the optical path conversion component so as to rapidly realize channel change.
The quantum communication network provided by the invention solves the problems of increased deployment cost and difficulty of quantum direct communication transceivers under the condition of increased networking nodes of a mesh topology structure, realizes duplex communication of any two communication nodes in the quantum direct communication network, has certain survivability, and has the advantages of flexibility, stability and easy-to-expand topology structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without exceeding the protection scope of the present application.
FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art star network topology;
FIG. 2 illustrates a prior art mesh network topology;
FIG. 3 illustrates a communication device of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a communication device of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates a communication device of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 illustrates a communication device of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 illustrates an implementation of the optical path conversion component of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 illustrates a quantum communication network of one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 illustrates a communication method of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The foregoing embodiments have been described in detail to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present application, and the foregoing embodiments are only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application. Meanwhile, a person skilled in the art should, according to the idea of the present application, change or modify the embodiments and applications of the present application based on the scope of the present application. In view of the above, the description should not be taken as limiting the application.
The invention provides a communication device, which comprises a transmitting component, a receiving component and an optical path conversion component, wherein the communication device is used for networking, and each communication device is connected with a plurality of other communication devices, so that a quantum communication network with a mesh topology structure is formed. In this quantum communication network, a communication device serves as both a communication node for transmitting/receiving an optical signal carrying information and a relay node for providing a path for information transmission of another communication device.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a communication apparatus 100, which includes a transmitting component 110, a receiving component 120, and an optical path conversion component 130. Wherein:
the transmitting component 110 is used for transmitting an optical signal carrying information;
the receiving component 120 is configured to receive an optical signal carrying information;
the optical path conversion component 130 is coupled to the transmitting component 110, the receiving component 120, and the at least one channel, respectively, and is configured to:
the communication relationship between the transmitting component 110 and the receiving component 120 and at least one channel can be switched.
As shown in fig. 3, the optical path conversion component 130 is coupled to the transmitting component 110, the receiving component 120, the channel a and the channel B, respectively. When the communication device 100 serves as a communication node and needs to send an optical signal carrying information to the channel a, the optical path conversion component 130 communicates the transmitting component 110 and the channel a, the transmitting component 110 sends the optical signal carrying information to enter the optical path conversion component 130, and the optical signal carrying information enters the channel a for transmission through optical path switching inside the optical path conversion component 130; similarly, the optical signal transmitted through the channel a enters the optical path conversion component 130, enters the receiving component 120 through optical path switching inside the optical path conversion component 130, and is received and read by the receiving component 120, so as to implement duplex communication. When the communication apparatus 100 functions as a relay node and connects the channel a and the channel B, the optical path conversion module 130 connects the channel a and the channel B by internal optical path switching and disconnects the transmission module 110 and the reception module 120. The optical signal transmitted through the channel a enters the optical path conversion component 130, and enters the channel B for transmission through the internal optical path of the optical path conversion component 130; the optical signal transmitted through the channel B enters the optical path conversion component 130, and enters the channel a for transmission through the internal optical path of the optical path conversion component 130, the optical signal carrying information does not need to be received by the communication device 100, that is, is not received and read in the receiving component 120, and does not need to be transmitted again by the transmitting component 110, the optical signal carrying information does not fall to the ground in the relay node, and the information is not decoded or read, thereby enhancing the security of information transmission.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the optical path conversion assembly 130 further includes:
a circulator 131 having a first end coupled to the transmit component 110, a second end coupled to the receive component 120, and a third end, the circulator 131 configured to:
the optical signal input to the circulator 131 from the first terminal is output through the second terminal;
the optical signal input to the circulator 131 from the second terminal is output through the third terminal.
Optionally, transmit assembly 110 and receive assembly 120 are connected to circulator 131 by single mode optical fibers. The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention controls the transmission direction of the optical signal by setting the circulator 131, the optical signal emitted by the emitting component 110 enters the optical path converting component 130 through the first end of the circulator 131, and is output unidirectionally from the second end of the circulator 131 without entering the third end of the circulator 131; the optical signal input to the optical path conversion component 130 enters through the second end of the circulator 131 and is output unidirectionally from the third end of the circulator 131 without entering the first end of the circulator 131, so that the transmitted optical signal enters the optical path conversion component 130 and is transmitted through a corresponding channel, and the received optical signal enters the optical path conversion component 130 and is received and read by the receiving unit 120.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the optical path conversion component 130 is coupled to n channels, where n is greater than or equal to 2, and the optical path conversion component 130 further includes:
n +1 optical switches having an input port, n output ports, wherein:
the input port of one optical switch is coupled to the second end of the circulator 131, and the input ports of n optical switches are coupled to the n channels, respectively;
and the output ports of the n +1 optical switches are respectively coupled with the output ports of other optical switches.
One specific embodiment of n-3 is shown in fig. 5. The optical path conversion component 130 is coupled to the 3 channels a, C, and D, the optical path conversion component 130 includes 4 optical switches, each optical switch has an input port and three output ports (marked as output port 1, output port 2, and output port 3 in fig. 5), and the optical path conversion component 130 can switch the input port of each optical switch 132 to be connected to any one of the three output ports and to be disconnected from the remaining two output ports. An input port of the optical switch 132-1 is coupled to the second end of the circulator 131, input ports of the optical switches 132-2, 132-3, 132-4 are coupled to the channel a, the channel C, and the channel D, respectively, and output ports of the optical switches 132-1, 132-2, 132-3, 132-4 are coupled to each other, so that the optical switches 132-1, 132-2, 132-3, 132-4 are connected two by two.
In the communication network having the mesh topology shown in fig. 2, the communication node 1 needs to be coupled to the channel A, C, D, the communication node 3 needs to be coupled to the channel B, C, E, the communication node 2 needs to be coupled to the channel A, B, and the communication node 4 needs to be coupled to the channel D, E, and the communication device 100 shown in fig. 5 is not disposed at the communication node 1.
When the communication node 1 and the channel a have a communication requirement, the optical path switching component 130 switches the optical switch 132-1 to connect the input port with the output port 1, and the optical switch 132-2 to connect the input port with the output port 1. When the communication node 1 and the channel C have a communication requirement, the optical path switching component 130 switches the optical switch 132-1 to connect the input port with the output port 2, and switches the optical switch 132-3 to connect the input port with the output port 2. When the communication node 1 and the channel D have a communication requirement, the optical path switching component 130 switches the optical switch 132-1 to connect the input port with the output port 3, and switches the optical switch 132-4 to connect the input port with the output port 1.
When the communication node 1 serves as a relay node and connects the channel a and the channel C, the optical path switching component 130 switches the input port of the optical switch 132-2 to connect the output port 3, and the input port of the optical switch 132-3 to connect the output port 1. When the communication node 1 serves as a relay node and connects the channel a and the channel D, the optical path switching component 130 switches the input port of the optical switch 132-2 to connect the output port 2, and the input port of the optical switch 132-4 to connect the output port 2. When the communication node 1 serves as a relay node and connects the channel C and the channel D, the optical path switching component 130 switches the input port of the optical switch 132-3 to connect the output port 3, and the input port of the optical switch 132-4 to connect the output port 3.
Optionally, the second end of the circulator 131 is coupled to the input of the optical switch 132-1 through a single mode fiber, and the inputs of the optical switches 132-2, 132-3, 132-4 are coupled to the channels a, C, and D through single mode fibers.
In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the optical path conversion component 130 controls the four optical switches to switch the output ports, so that the four optical switches are mutually matched, and the transmission component 110, the reception component 120, and the channel a, the channel C, and the channel D are arbitrarily connected.
A specific embodiment of n-2 is shown in fig. 6. The optical path conversion component 130 is coupled to the 2 channels a and B, the optical path conversion component 130 includes 3 optical switches, each optical switch has an input port and two output ports (marked as output port 1 and output port 2 in fig. 6), and the optical path conversion component 130 can switch the input port of each optical switch 132 to be connected to any one of the two output ports and to be disconnected from the remaining two output ports. An input port of the optical switch 132-1 is coupled to the second end of the circulator 131, input ports of the optical switches 132-2, 132-3 are coupled to the channel a and the channel B, respectively, and output ports of the optical switches 132-1, 132-2, 132-3 are coupled to each other, so that the optical switches 132-1, 132-2, 132-3 are connected in pairs.
In the communication network having the mesh topology shown in fig. 2, the communication node 2 needs to be coupled to the channel A, B, and the communication device 100 shown in fig. 6 is not disposed in the communication node 2.
When the communication node 2 and the channel a have a communication requirement, the optical path switching component 130 switches the optical switch 132-1 to connect the input port with the output port 1, and the optical switch 132-2 to connect the input port with the output port 1. When the communication node 2 and the channel B have a communication requirement, the optical path switching component 130 switches the optical switch 132-1 to connect the input port with the output port 2, and switches the optical switch 132-3 to connect the input port with the output port 2.
When the communication node 2 is used as a relay node to connect the channel a and the channel B, the optical path switching component 130 switches the input port of the optical switch 132-2 to connect the output port 2, and the input port of the optical switch 132-3 to connect the output port 1.
Optionally, the second end of the circulator 131 is coupled to the input end of the optical switch 132-1 through a single mode fiber, and the input ends of the optical switches 132-2 and 132-3 are coupled to the channel a and the channel B through single mode fibers.
In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the optical path conversion component 130 controls the three optical switches to switch the output ports, so that the three optical switches are mutually matched, and the arbitrary communication between the transmitting component 110 and the receiving component 120 and between the channel a and the channel B is realized.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the optical switch with one input port and n output ports is composed of a 1 × 2 optical switch SW, and the 1 × 2 optical switch SW has one input port and two output ports. When n is an even number, pass log2(n) a layer of 1 x 2 optical switches SW combined implementation; when n is an odd number, pass log2The (n +1) layers 1 × 2 of the optical switch SW are implemented in combination, where the number of layers is the number of layers of the pyramid structure as shown in fig. 7. By adopting the pyramid structure, n-1 optical switches SW of 1 multiplied by 2 are needed for constructing the optical switches of one input port and n output ports. Those skilled in the art can understand that this embodiment provides an implementation manner for constructing the optical switch with one input port and n output ports, which is not limited to the present invention, and other implementation manners for constructing the optical switch with one input port and n output ports are within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the optical path conversion component 130 is further configured to:
and switching the output ports of the n +1 optical switches to convert the communication relationship between the transmitting component 110, the receiving component 120 and the n channels.
The embodiment provided by the invention realizes the dynamic adjustment of the channels among the nodes under the mesh topology structure as required by arranging the optical switches corresponding to the number of the coupled channels at the communication nodes, and when a certain channel can not be used for transmitting signals temporarily due to faults, the optical switches are switched by the optical path switching component, so that other related channels can be quickly connected, and the channel change can be quickly realized.
According to one embodiment of the invention, in the communication device 100: the optical signal carries information through the particle characteristics of the optical quanta; the channel comprises an optical fiber or free space.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the communication device 100 is used for quantum direct communication, and the transmitting component 110 and the receiving component 120 perform eavesdropping detection by transmitting and receiving optical signals carrying partial information.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the present invention further provides a quantum communication network 200 comprising a plurality of communication devices 100 as described above, wherein:
a plurality of communication devices 100 communicate through a channel and communicate optical signals carrying information through the channel.
According to one embodiment of the invention, in the quantum communication network 200:
a plurality of communication paths are arranged between every two communication devices.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the quantum communication network 200 includes a control unit 210, and the control unit 210 optionally includes a network operation and maintenance management center. The optical path conversion component 130 has a classical ethernet communication function, and the optical path conversion component 130 at each node is configured to communicate with the control unit 210, and convert the communication relationship between the transmitting component, the receiving component and each channel according to the instruction sent by the control unit 210.
The embodiment of the invention solves the problems of increased deployment cost and difficulty of the quantum direct communication transceiver under the condition of increased networking nodes of the mesh topology structure, realizes the duplex communication of any two communication nodes in the quantum direct communication network, and has certain survivability, flexibility, stability and easy-to-expand topology structure advantages.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, the present invention further provides a method 10 for communication using the communication apparatus 100 as described above, including steps S101 and S102.
In step S101, when the communication device 100 has a communication demand with another communication device, communicating the transmitting component, the receiving component, and a channel corresponding to the other communication device through the optical path conversion component;
in step S102, when the other two communication apparatuses are communicated by the communication apparatus 100, channels corresponding to the other two communication apparatuses are communicated by the optical path switching component.
When the communication device 100 is used as a communication node and needs to send an optical signal carrying information to a certain channel, the optical path conversion component communicates the transmitting component with the channel, the transmitting component sends the optical signal carrying information to enter the optical path conversion component, and the optical signal carrying information enters the channel for transmission through optical path switching inside the optical path conversion component; similarly, the optical signal transmitted through the channel enters the optical path conversion component, enters the receiving component through the optical path switching inside the optical path conversion component, and is received and read by the receiving component, so that the duplex communication is realized. When the communication device 100 serves as a relay node and communicates with channels corresponding to other two communication devices, the optical path conversion module communicates with the channels corresponding to the other two communication devices through internal optical path switching, and disconnects the transmission module and the reception module. The optical signal transmitted through one of the channels corresponding to the other two communication devices enters the optical path conversion component, and enters the other channel corresponding to the other two communication devices for transmission through the internal optical path of the optical path conversion component, the optical signal carrying information does not need to be received by the communication device 100, namely is not received and read in the receiving component, and does not need to be transmitted again by the transmitting component, the optical signal carrying information does not fall to the ground in the relay node, and the information is not decoded or read, so that the safety of information transmission is enhanced.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the optical path conversion module is coupled to n channels, n ≧ 2, the optical path conversion module further includes:
a circulator having a first end coupled with the transmit component, a second end, and a third end coupled with the receive component, the circulator configured to: the optical signal input into the circulator from the first end is output through the second end; the optical signal input into the circulator from the second end is output through the third end;
n +1 optical switches, each optical switch having an input port and n output ports, wherein the input port of one optical switch is coupled to the second end of the circulator, and the input ports of the n optical switches are coupled to the n channels respectively; the output ports of the n +1 optical switches are respectively coupled with the output ports of other optical switches;
the method 10 further comprises:
and converting the communication relation between the transmitting assembly and the receiving assembly and the n channels by switching the output ports of the n +1 optical switches.
In the communication method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the optical switches corresponding to the number of the coupled channels are arranged at the communication nodes, so that the on-demand dynamic adjustment of the channels among the nodes under the mesh topology structure is realized, and when a certain channel cannot be used for transmitting signals temporarily due to faults, the optical switches are switched through the optical path conversion component, so that other related channels can be quickly connected, and the channel change is quickly realized.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the method 10 further comprises:
the transmitting assembly and the receiving assembly transmit and receive optical signals carrying partial information to perform eavesdropping detection.
The communication method provided by the embodiment of the invention solves the problems of increased deployment cost and difficulty of the quantum direct communication transceiver under the condition of increased networking nodes of the mesh topology structure, realizes the duplex communication of any two communication nodes in the quantum direct communication network, has certain survivability, and has the advantages of flexibility, stability and easy-to-expand topology structure.

Claims (13)

1. A communications apparatus, comprising:
a transmitting component for transmitting an optical signal carrying information;
the receiving component is used for receiving an optical signal carrying information;
an optical path conversion component coupled to the transmit component, the receive component, and the at least one channel, respectively, and configured to:
the communication relationship between the transmitting component, the receiving component and the at least one channel can be converted.
2. The communication device of claim 1, wherein the optical path conversion component comprises:
a circulator having a first end, a second end, and a third end, wherein the first end is coupled to the transmit component and the third end is coupled to the receive component, the circulator configured to:
the optical signal input into the circulator from the first end is output through the second end;
the optical signal input into the circulator from the second end is output through the third end.
3. The communication device of claim 2, wherein the optical path conversion component is coupled to n channels, n ≧ 2, the optical path conversion component further comprising:
n +1 optical switches having an input port, n output ports, wherein:
an input port of one of the optical switches is coupled to the second end of the circulator, and input ports of n other optical switches in the optical switches are coupled to the n channels respectively;
and the output port of each optical switch in the n +1 optical switches is coupled with the output ports of other optical switches in the n +1 optical switches respectively.
4. The communication device of claim 3, wherein the optical path conversion component is further configured to:
and switching the communication relation among the transmitting assembly, the receiving assembly and the n channels by switching the output ports of the n +1 optical switches.
5. The communication device of claim 3 or 4, wherein the optical switch is formed by a 1 x 2 optical switch, the 1 x 2 optical switch having one input port and two output ports.
6. The communication device of any one of claims 1-4, wherein:
the optical signal carries information through the particle characteristics of the optical quanta;
the channel comprises an optical fiber or free space.
7. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the communication device is used for quantum direct communication, and the transmitting component and the receiving component perform eavesdropping detection by transmitting and receiving optical signals carrying partial information.
8. A quantum communication network, comprising:
a plurality of communication devices according to any of claims 1-7, the plurality of communication devices communicating via a channel and communicating an optical signal carrying information via the channel.
9. The quantum communication network of claim 8, wherein:
a plurality of communication paths are arranged between every two communication devices.
10. The quantum communication network of claim 8 or 9, further comprising:
a control unit communicatively coupled to a plurality of the communication devices, the communication devices further configured to:
and the light path conversion component converts the communication relation between the transmitting component, the receiving component and the at least one channel according to the instruction of the control unit.
11. A method of communicating using the communication device of any of claims 1-7, comprising:
when the communication device and other communication devices have communication requirements, the light path conversion component is used for communicating channels corresponding to the transmitting component, the receiving component and the other communication devices;
when the other two communication devices are communicated through the communication device, the channels corresponding to the other two communication devices are communicated through the optical path conversion component.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the optical path conversion assembly is coupled to n channels, n ≧ 2, the optical path conversion assembly further comprising:
a circulator having a first end, a second end, and a third end, wherein the first end is coupled to the transmit component and the third end is coupled to the receive component, the circulator configured to: the optical signal input into the circulator from the first end is output through the second end; the optical signal input into the circulator from the second end is output through the third end;
n +1 optical switches having an input port and n output ports, wherein the input port of one of the optical switches is coupled to the second end of the circulator, and the input ports of the other n optical switches are coupled to the n channels, respectively; the output port of each optical switch in the n +1 optical switches is coupled with the output ports of other optical switches in the n +1 optical switches respectively;
the method further comprises:
and switching the communication relation among the transmitting assembly, the receiving assembly and the n channels by switching the output ports of the n +1 optical switches.
13. The method of claim 11 or 12, further comprising:
and the transmitting assembly and the receiving assembly are used for transmitting and receiving optical signals carrying partial information to carry out eavesdropping detection.
CN202210373043.9A 2022-04-11 2022-04-11 Communication device, quantum communication network, and communication method Pending CN114745056A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108718214A (en) * 2018-06-14 2018-10-30 华南师范大学 Data center's optical interconnected structure and communication means based on mesh topology structure
US20190379463A1 (en) * 2018-06-08 2019-12-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Quantum communication network

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190379463A1 (en) * 2018-06-08 2019-12-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Quantum communication network
CN108718214A (en) * 2018-06-14 2018-10-30 华南师范大学 Data center's optical interconnected structure and communication means based on mesh topology structure

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