CN108718214A - Data center's optical interconnected structure and communication means based on mesh topology structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a data center optical interconnection structure and communication method based on a grid topology structure. The structure is composed of two-layer cabinet groups, each layer of cabinet groups contains a plurality of cabinets, and each cabinet has a specification of N ×N arrayed waveguide gratings and N servers; the servers and arrayed waveguide gratings are connected through optical fiber circulators, and the two-story cabinets are connected through optical fiber circulators and/or interlayer interconnection structures. The present invention utilizes the two-way intercommunication interconnection characteristics and routing distribution characteristics of arrayed waveguide gratings, which can increase the number of links, the reliability and scale of the system, and reduce the number of arrayed waveguide gratings passing through data interconnection, thereby effectively avoiding crosstalk and filtering question.

Description

Data center optical interconnection structure and communication method based on mesh topology

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of internal communication research of a data center, and in particular relates to an optical interconnection structure and a communication method of a data center based on a grid topology structure.

Background technique

With the increase of emerging Internet services, there are new requirements for data storage and processing, and the scale and number of data centers have surged, which puts forward higher requirements for the data exchange capacity of each data center. At present, in large data centers, electrical switches are still mostly used to complete data exchange, but cables are used to connect electrical switches, and the heat dissipation of cables causes high power consumption in the data center. In addition, complicated cable distribution is not conducive to system maintenance and upgrades.

Optical communication technology has the advantages of high bandwidth and low power consumption, and can be applied to the interconnection inside the data center, which can increase the network capacity of the data center and effectively reduce the energy consumption of the data center. Arrayed waveguide gratings have good routing characteristics and are widely used in the field of optical communications. At present, some studies have proposed to establish an optical interconnection structure in data centers based on arrayed waveguide gratings. However, due to the insertion loss, crosstalk and Filtering and other issues make the signal have to consider the signal-to-noise ratio after passing through multiple arrayed waveguide gratings. Therefore, various compensation methods need to be added, which greatly increases the system cost and limits the system scale.

Therefore, it is of great research value and significance to develop an optical interconnection structure that can reduce the impact of the device as much as possible without reducing the system scale and increasing the system cost.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a data center optical interconnection structure and communication method based on a grid topology, which can effectively reduce the loss of data communication and reduce the application of active devices , Improve communication efficiency.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a data center optical interconnection structure based on a grid topology, which includes two layers of cabinet groups, each layer of cabinet groups contains N cabinets, and each cabinet is provided with a specification is an N×N arrayed waveguide grating and N servers; each server is equipped with at least two tunable optical transceivers, and the routing characteristics of the arrayed waveguide grating are: light with a wavelength of λ _P enters the arrayed waveguide grating through the incident port j , will finally be output from the outgoing port k', where P=|j-k'|, || The arrayed waveguide gratings inside are connected, and the first-layer cabinet group and the second-layer cabinet group are connected through a fiber optic circulator and/or an interlayer interconnection structure.

In the present invention, the first-layer cabinet group and the second-layer cabinet group form a two-layer grid data center interconnection structure, each cabinet group contains N cabinets, and each cabinet contains N servers and 1 N× N-type arrayed waveguide gratings, so each arrayed waveguide grating corresponds to a cabinet, and the arrayed waveguide gratings in each cabinet are connected to the arrayed waveguide gratings in all cabinets in another layer of cabinet groups through fiber circulators and/or interlayers The interconnect structures are connected to form a grid-type structure. Compared with other data center interconnection structures based on arrayed waveguide gratings, this structure makes full use of the two-way intercommunication and routing distribution characteristics of arrayed waveguide gratings, increases the number of links, system reliability and scale, and reduces data The number of arrayed waveguide gratings passed through during interconnection can effectively reduce the serious crosstalk and filtering problems caused by the optical interconnection structure based on multiple arrayed waveguide gratings.

Preferably, a 4-port fiber optic circulator is connected to all the ports of the arrayed waveguide grating (including the incident port and the outgoing port), so that each port of the arrayed waveguide grating is expanded into three ports of the circulator, two of which The port of the circulator is used to connect to the optical transceiver port of the server, and the port of the third circulator is connected to the arrayed waveguide grating in the cabinet group of another layer through an optical fiber or an interlayer interconnection structure.

Preferably, the rules for connecting the servers in the cabinet to the arrayed waveguide grating are as follows: in any cabinet, the number of the server is from 1 to N; Circulator, set its port sequence as: b→a→A→c, where A port is connected to the incident port of the arrayed waveguide grating, and the 4-port fiber optic circulator connected to the outgoing port, its port sequence is set as f→B→ d→e, where port B is connected to the output port of the arrayed waveguide grating, then the b port of the fiber circulator connected to the incident port i and the f port of the fiber circulator connected to the corresponding output port i', the connection direction number is The two optical emission ports of the server i; the c port of the optical fiber circulator connected to the incident port i and the e port of the optical fiber circulator connected to the corresponding outgoing port i' are connected to the two optical ports of the server numbered i input port.

Preferably, the arrayed waveguide gratings in the cabinets in the cabinet group on the first floor and the arrayed waveguide gratings in the cabinets in the cabinet group on the second floor are connected by the following rules:

Both the cabinet group on the first floor and the cabinet group on the second floor have N cabinets, corresponding to N arrayed waveguide gratings, numbered from 1 to N;

For the arrayed waveguide grating numbered m in the first floor cabinet group, it is connected to the a port of the optical fiber circulator with the incident port numbered n; and the arrayed waveguide grating numbered n in the second floor cabinet group is connected with the numbered The a port of the optical fiber circulator connected to the incident port of m, these two a ports are used as a paired a port;

For the arrayed waveguide grating numbered m in the first floor cabinet group, the d port of the optical fiber circulator connected to the exit port numbered n'; and the arrayed waveguide grating numbered n in the second floor cabinet group, which is connected with The d-ports of the optical fiber circulator connected to the outgoing ports numbered m', these two d-ports are used as paired d-ports;

The aforementioned paired a-ports and paired d-ports are defined as a group of a-d ports, and this group of a-d ports are connected together through optical fibers and/or interlayer interconnection structures.

As a first preference, the interlayer interconnection structure directly crosses two interconnected optical fibers. For a group of a-d ports, the connection method is that the a port of the first layer is directly connected with the d port of the second layer through an optical fiber, and the d port of the first layer is directly connected with the a port of the second layer through an optical fiber. This structure can realize the mutual transmission of signals between the cabinet group on the first floor and the cabinet group on the second floor, but correspondingly, the two servers connected to the optical fiber circulator where this group of a-d ports are located will lose communication with other cabinets on the same floor. The link where the server in the server directly performs data transmission.

As a second preference, the interlayer interconnection structure is a 2×2 optical switch matrix capable of selecting an output direction. Compared with the first method, the state can be switched by selecting the output direction, and the flexible selection signal is transmitted to the same layer of cabinets or another layer of cabinets, and the flexibility is greatly improved.

As a third preference, the interlayer interconnection structure uses a filter capable of separating light with a wavelength of _λ0 . Through the layout and connection of multiple filters, the same-layer transmission and inter-layer transmission without mutual interference can be realized. The light of λ ₀ wavelength is used for inter-layer data interconnection, and the light of other wavelengths is used for the same-layer transmission. Interconnection between internal cabinets.

As a fourth preference, the interlayer interconnection structure is: for a group of ad ports, two a ports are directly interconnected with optical fibers, and a fiber grating capable of reflecting light with a wavelength of _λ0 is used between the two d ports connect. This method is similar to the third method, and it can also realize the transmission without mutual interference between interlayer interconnection and same-layer interconnection.

As a fifth preference, the interlayer interconnection structure is: for a group of a-d ports, two d ports are directly interconnected with optical fibers, two 3-port optical fiber circulators and a specification of In a 2×2 optical switch matrix, the second port of each 3-port optical fiber circulator is directly connected to two a ports, and the remaining two ports are connected to the input and output ports of the optical switch matrix. Control the interconnection ports of the optical switch matrix. When the state of the optical switch matrix makes the first port of each 3-port optical fiber circulator connect to the third port, the interconnection of the cabinets between layers can be realized; when the optical switch matrix The status makes the first port of a 3-port optical fiber circulator connected to the third port of another 3-port optical fiber circulator, which can support the interconnection between different cabinets in the same layer. The number of these five interlayer interconnection structures can be flexibly increased or allocated in a data center structure to meet specific interlayer interconnection requirements.

A communication method based on the above-mentioned optical interconnection structure of the data center. Firstly, the coordinates of the server in the structure are defined as (x, y, z), which represents the server on the xth floor, the cabinet number is y, and the server number is z. The number of the arrayed waveguide grating is also y, (x, y, z, a) represents the a port of the fiber circulator connected to the server, (x, y, z, b) represents the port a of the fiber circulator connected to the server The b port of the optical fiber circulator, and so on; there are three different ways of server interconnection in this structure: transmission within the cabinet, transmission on the same layer between cabinets, and transmission between layers between cabinets;

Communication includes three methods:

(1) Transmission between servers in the same cabinet: set the source server (x1, y1, z1) and the destination server (x2, y2, z2) in the same cabinet, that is: x1=x2, y1=y2, at this time, The optical transmitter connected to the f port of the source server sends an optical signal with a wavelength of λ _O , passes through the optical fiber circulator, and exits from the B port of the optical fiber circulator to the output port numbered z1' of the arrayed waveguide grating, passes through the arrayed waveguide grating, Finally, it exits from the incident port numbered z2 of the arrayed waveguide grating, reaches the A port of the fiber circulator connected to it, passes through the fiber circulator, exits from the c port of the fiber circulator, and reaches the destination server connected to the c port. machine, transmit to the destination server, and complete the data transmission in the cabinet, where O=|z1-z2|;

(2) Same-layer transmission between two cabinets: set the source server (x1, y1, z1) and destination server (x2, y2, z2) to be on the same floor, but not in the same cabinet, that is: x1=x2, y1≠ y2, at this time, if the port a and port d connected to the source server are not connected to the interlayer interconnection structure; or the interlayer interconnection structure connected is mode 3 or mode 4; or the interlayer interconnection structure connected is mode 2 Or mode five, but at this time the state of the optical switch matrix supports the same layer interconnection, then the optical transmitter connected to the b port of the source server sends an optical signal with a wavelength of λ _Q , where Q=|y1-y2|, the optical signal passes through the optical fiber The circulator is output from port a, and then transmitted to the arrayed waveguide grating in the cabinet numbered z1 on the other floor, the connected port is (x3, z1, y1, a), x3≠x1, according to the wavelength _λ The port (x3, z1, y2, d) is output, connected to the arrayed waveguide grating in the cabinet numbered y2 on the x1 floor, the connection port is (x1, y2, z1, d), and the server (x1, y2 ,z1), the receiver of z1) receives it and completes the same-layer transmission process between the cabinets. If z1=z2, the transmission is completed. If z1≠z2, the transmission process is completed through another transmission in the cabinet; if it is connected to the source server The interlayer interconnection structure connected by port a and port d is method 1; or the interlayer interconnection structure connected is method 2 or 5, but at this time the state of the optical switch matrix does not support the same layer interconnection, and it cannot be changed if it is occupied , the server needs to be transmitted through the cabinet first, and then transmitted to the server that can perform inter-layer interconnection, and transmitted through the above method;

(3) Inter-layer transmission between two cabinets: set the source server (x1, y1, z1) and the destination server (x2, y2, z2) are not in the same layer, that is, x1≠x2, the source server (x1, y1, z1) First, it is transmitted in the cabinet or on the same layer between cabinets, and then transmitted to the server connected to the interlayer interconnection structure. Different optical signal transmission methods are selected according to the difference in the interlayer interconnection structure.

Specifically, in step (3), if the interlayer interconnection structure is the first preference: directly cross the two interconnected optical fibers, then the transmitter connected to the b port sends the signal-carrying light through the optical fiber circulator , exits from port a, reaches port d on another floor, enters the optical fiber circulator, then exits port e, and is received by the optical receiver connected to port e, then the signal stays on the server on another floor, and then passes through In-cabinet transmission and inter-cabinet transmission on the same layer, to the destination server;

If the interlayer interconnection structure is the second preference: use an optical switch matrix with a specification of 2×2 that can select the output direction, set up the interconnection of the optical switch matrix, judge the state of the optical switch, and adjust the state of the optical switch so that The connection state is changed to the state of the above-mentioned structure of "directly crossing two interconnected optical fibers", and then the transmission is completed in the same way as above;

If the interlayer interconnection structure is the third preference: use a filter that can separate the light with a wavelength of _λ0 , then the transmitter connected to the b port sends an optical signal with a wavelength of _λ0 , through the optical fiber circulator, from the a port It exits, reaches the filter, and is assigned a sending direction, and finally reaches the d port of another layer, enters the fiber circulator, then exits from the e port, and is received by the optical receiver connected to the e port, thereby transmitting the signal to the upper layer server, and then through the transmission in the cabinet and the same layer transmission between the cabinets, the transmission task is completed;

If the interlayer interconnection structure is the fourth preference: the two a ports are directly interconnected with optical fibers, and a fiber grating capable of reflecting light with a wavelength of _λ0 is used between the two d ports to connect, then the launch connected to the b port The optical signal with a wavelength of _λ0 is sent by the machine, passes through the optical fiber circulator, exits from the a port, arrives at the a port on the other layer paired with the a port, enters the optical fiber circulator, and then exits from the A port, and enters from the incident port y1 Enter the arrayed waveguide grating, and according to the routing characteristics, it can be known that the optical signal will exit from the corresponding exit port y1', enter the fiber circulator through the B port, and exit from the d port to reach the fiber grating, the fiber grating will reflect this wavelength, and then re-transmit from The d port enters the optical fiber circulator, then exits from the e port, and is received by the optical receiver connected to the e port, thereby transmitting the signal to the server on the upper layer, and then through the transmission in the cabinet and the same layer transmission between the cabinets to complete the transmission task.

If the interlayer interconnection structure is the fifth preference: use the combination of optical fiber circulator and optical switch matrix, first determine the state of the optical switch, and adjust its state to support interlayer interconnection, that is, each 3-port optical fiber The first port of the circulator is connected to the third port. The transmitter connected to port b of the source server sends an optical signal of wavelength λ _G (G=|z1-y2|), exits from port a through the optical fiber circulator to the interlayer interconnection structure, enters the three-port optical fiber circulator, and Through the optical switch matrix, it is incident back to the three-port optical fiber circulator, so that the optical signal is incident from the a port, and after passing through the optical fiber circulator, it enters the arrayed waveguide grating from the z1 port, and exits from the y2' port according to the wavelength routing, and enters with it The connected optical fiber circulator exits from the d port, enters the interlayer interconnection structure and exits, according to the interconnection characteristics, reaches the (x2, y2, y1, d) port, enters the optical fiber circulator, then exits from the e port, and is connected with The optical receiver connected to the e port receives and transmits to (x2, y2, y1). If y1=z2, the transmission ends. If y1≠z2, the transmission task can be completed after one transmission in the cabinet.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

The present invention uses a plurality of N×N arrayed waveguide gratings to form the internal optical interconnection structure of the grid-type data center. Efficiency, increasing the scale of the system, can realize the communication between various servers in the data center, and also increase the number of paths for server interconnection communication between cabinets, reduce the blocking rate, and also reduce the array that data transmission needs to pass through The number of waveguide gratings reduces the impact of insertion loss, crosstalk and filtering on signal quality caused by the device.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 shows the internal interconnection structure of the cabinet in the optical interconnection structure of the grid-type data center in this embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a simplified diagram of the cabinet structure in the grid-type data center optical interconnection structure of this embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the optical interconnection of the grid-type data center in this embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the interlayer interconnection structure in this embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the interlayer interconnection structure in this embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the interlayer interconnection structure in this embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of the interlayer interconnection structure in this embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of the interlayer interconnection structure in this embodiment.

Detailed ways

In order to enable the examiners of the patent office, especially the public, to understand the technical essence and beneficial effects of the present invention more clearly, the applicant will describe in detail the following in the form of examples, but none of the descriptions to the examples is an explanation of the solutions of the present invention. Any equivalent transformation made according to the concept of the present invention which is only in form but not in substance shall be regarded as the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Example

The data center optical interconnection structure based on the grid topology described in this embodiment is used to realize the interconnection among various servers in the data center. The server described in this embodiment is mainly composed of a host, an optical transceiver module, an optical output interface, an optical input interface, and the like. The host is mainly responsible for data analysis, processing and storage; the optical transceiver module needs at least two groups, one is used to output data to the cabinet, and the other is used to transmit data to the outside of the cabinet, which can realize the data that needs to be transmitted in the host It can be converted into an optical signal and sent out through the optical output port. It can also receive an optical signal from the optical input interface and convert it into an electrical signal for transmission to the host.

The data center includes two layers of cabinets. Each layer of cabinets contains N cabinets. The optical interconnection structure of the data center is shown in Figure 3. Each cabinet is equipped with an arrayed waveguide grating with a specification of N×N and N servers. The number of servers in each cabinet is the same. For an N×N arrayed waveguide grating with N input and output ports, the grid-type data center optical interconnection structure formed by it can support up to 2N cabinets, and a single cabinet can support up to N servers, and the scale of the entire system is 2N ² , the server is connected to the output optical interface and input optical interface of the arrayed waveguide grating in the cabinet through the optical fiber circulator through the optical input port and the optical output port. It can choose to transmit data with other servers in the cabinet or servers in other cabinets.

Referring to Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, in any cabinet, a 4-port fiber optic circulator is connected at all ports (incident port and exit port) of the arrayed waveguide grating, and connected in the manner as shown in Fig. 1, so that Any port of the arrayed waveguide grating can be expanded into three ports of the circulator, two of which are used to connect to the optical transceiver port of the server, and the third port is connected to the arrayed waveguide grating of another layer through an optical fiber or an interconnection module connected to the fiber optic circulator.

When in use, it is set that each server has its own number, and each cabinet also has its own number. In order to facilitate the distinction, this embodiment sets the coordinates (x, y, z) to represent the xth floor, and the cabinet number is y, the server whose server number is z, the value of x is 1 or 2, and the value range of y and z is 1 to N. The cabinets are numbered (x,y). The connection between arrayed waveguide gratings in different cabinets and between servers and arrayed waveguide gratings in the same cabinet must comply with the following rules:

1) In any cabinet, the number of servers is from 1 to N, and the connection method is shown in Figure 1. For the arrayed waveguide grating in the cabinet, the b port of the optical fiber circulator connected to the incident port i and the corresponding outgoing port The f port of the fiber optic circulator connected to the port i' is connected to the two optical output ports of the server numbered i; the c port of the fiber optic circulator connected to the incident port i and the fiber ring connected to the corresponding outgoing port i' The e port of the server is connected to the two optical input ports of the server numbered i. At this time, the port a of the optical fiber circulator connected to the incident port i and the port d of the optical fiber circulator connected to the outgoing port i' are vacant. For convenience, we simplify Fig. 1 and change it to Fig. 2.

2) For any cabinet, its interconnection mode is the interconnection mode of the arrayed waveguide gratings in the cabinet, and the rules are as follows: in the cabinet group on the first floor, there are N cabinets, and there are N corresponding arrayed waveguide gratings, numbered as 1 to N; in the cabinet group on the second floor, there are N cabinets, corresponding to N arrayed waveguide gratings, numbered 1 to N; in the cabinet group on the first floor, in the arrayed waveguide grating numbered m, and The a port connected to the port numbered n, and the a port connected to the port numbered m in the array waveguide grating numbered n in the second floor cabinet group, we call these two a ports a pair At the same time, in the first layer of cabinets, in the arrayed waveguide grating numbered m, the d port connected to the port numbered n', and in the second layer of cabinets, in the arrayed waveguide grating numbered n In the grating, the d-port connected to the port numbered m', we call the two d-ports a paired d-port; the paired a-port and the paired d-port, we call it a A group of a-d ports; this group of a-d ports is connected by optical fiber or interlayer interconnection structure. When using optical fiber interconnection, a port and a port are directly connected together by optical fiber, and d port and d port are directly connected by optical fiber.

The function of the inter-layer interconnection structure is to enable the servers on the first layer and the second layer to communicate with each other and transmit data. From the interconnection structure of the arrayed waveguide grating and the fiber circulator in Figure 1, it can be known that when there is light from port a When inputting, it will output from the d port connected to a certain port on the other side of the arrayed waveguide grating according to different wavelengths; when light is input from the d port, no matter what the wavelength is, it will be transmitted to the same port where the e port output and received by the receiver connected to it. Utilizing this difference, the form of the interlayer interconnection structure can be designed to realize the interlayer interconnection of signals.

In this embodiment, five implementations of interlayer interconnection structures are proposed, as shown in Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Figure 4 directly crosses and interchanges two interconnected optical fibers to achieve different signal Layer transmission, but at this time, the transmission function of the two interconnected servers is limited, they can only be used as servers interconnected between layers, and the number of links is reduced (there is no link interconnected between the same layer), but the cabinet The transmission within is not affected; Figure 5 uses an optical switch matrix, which can flexibly select the output direction to achieve the same function as in Figure 4, but increases the cost of the device, and the transmission direction can only be selected from one of the two; Figure 6 uses the can A filter that separates light with a wavelength of _λ0 can achieve non-interfering output, but limited by the wavelength, the efficiency of the first-layer and second-layer interconnection transmission may be limited (when used for transmission and reception between cabinets) When the number of machines is more than 1, the interlayer interconnection structure in Figure 4 and Figure 5 can realize multi-wavelength parallel transmission, which greatly improves the transmission rate, while the method in Figure 6 does not have this optimization); Figure 7 uses optical fiber The grating can achieve the same function as the structure in Figure 6, and the cost of the device is lower than that in Figure 6, but limited by the characteristics of the fiber Bragg grating device, the signal quality is slightly worse than the solution using filters; Figure 8 It uses a combination of optical fiber circulator and optical switch matrix. By changing the interconnection state of the optical switch matrix, the server can be flexibly interconnected between layers or the same layer, and the number of links will not be reduced. However, the system The cost is also relatively high. Therefore, in actual use, these five interlayer interconnection structures can be effectively combined, the requirements for interlayer interconnection can be comprehensively analyzed, and four schemes can be allocated flexibly: the method shown in Figure 4 is suitable for relatively close interlayer interconnection And the architecture that needs to control the cost, the methods shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 are suitable for the architecture with less interconnection between layers, and the method shown in Figure 7 is suitable for the architecture of controlling the system cost, while the method shown in Figure 5 is It can be flexibly applied to an intermediate state architecture with neither too much nor too little interconnection between layers. The method shown in Figure 8 is suitable for the situation where the proportions of inter-layer interconnection and same-layer interconnection are not much different. Since these five inter-layer interconnection structures do not conflict, they can also be flexibly implemented in a data center interconnection structure. The quantities of these five interlayer interconnection structures are allocated to meet specific interlayer interconnection requirements.

Based on the above rules, and according to the wavelength routing mode of the arrayed waveguide grating, the communication method of this embodiment is as follows:

(1) Transmission in the cabinet:

The source server (x1, y1, z1) and the destination server (x2, y2, z2) are in the same cabinet, that is: x1=x2, y1=y2, at this time, the transmission wavelength of the optical transmitter connected to the f port of the source server is The optical signal of λ _O passes through the optical fiber circulator, exits from the B port to the exit port numbered z1' of the arrayed waveguide grating, passes through the arrayed waveguide grating, exits from the z2 port, and arrives at the A port of the connected optical fiber circulator , go through the optical fiber circulator, exit from the c port, and transmit to the destination server through the destination server optical receiver connected with the c port. where O=|z1-z2|.

(2) Same-layer transmission between cabinets:

The source server (x1, y1, z1) and the destination server (x2, y2, z2) are on the same floor, but not in the same cabinet, that is: x1=x2, y1≠y2, at this time, if the a port connected to the source server and d ports are not connected to the interlayer interconnection structure; or the connected interlayer interconnection structure is the structure shown in Figure 6 or Figure 7; or the connected interlayer interconnection structure is the structure shown in Figure 5 or Figure 8, but At this time, the state of the optical switch matrix supports the same-layer interconnection, and the optical transmitter connected to the b-port of the source server sends an optical signal with a wavelength of λ _Q , where Q=|y1-y2|, and the optical signal is output from the a-port through the optical fiber circulator , and then transmitted to the arrayed waveguide grating in the cabinet numbered z1 on another floor, the connected port is (x3, z1, y1, a), x3≠x1, according to the wavelength λ _Q optical signal from the port (x3, z1, y2, d) output, connected to the arrayed waveguide grating in the cabinet numbered y2 on the x1 floor, the connection port is (x1, y2, z1, d), and is received by the receiver of the server (x1, y2, z1) through the e port Received, complete the process of transmission on the same layer between cabinets. If z1=z2, the transmission is completed. If z1≠z2, the transmission process will be completed through another transmission in the cabinet; if the port a and port d connected to the source server are connected The interlayer interconnection structure of the connection is mode 1; or the interlayer interconnection structure of the connection is mode 2 or 5, but at this time the state of the optical switch matrix does not support the same layer interconnection, and it is occupied and cannot be changed, then the server needs to pass through Transmission in the cabinet, transmission to the server that can perform inter-layer interconnection, and transmission through the above method

(3) Layer-to-layer transmission between cabinets:

The source server (x1, y1, z1) and the destination server (x2, y2, z2) are not on the same layer, that is, x1≠x2, and inter-cabinet inter-layer transmission is required. The source server (x1, y1, z1) needs to be transmitted in the cabinet or on the same layer between cabinets, and then transmitted to the server connected to the interlayer interconnection structure. If the interlayer interconnection structure is as shown in Figure 4, it is connected to the b port The optical transmitter sends any wavelength, passes through the optical fiber circulator, exits to the interlayer interconnection structure through the a port, reaches the d port connected to it on the other layer, passes through the optical fiber circulator, and is connected to the optical receiver connected to the e port Received, the signal will stay on the server on the other floor, and then be transmitted to the destination server through the transmission in the cabinet and the same layer between the cabinets; if the interlayer interconnection structure is as shown in Figure 5, first judge the status of the optical switch, When it is necessary to adjust the state of the optical switch, judge whether it will affect the existing transmission task, if not, adjust the state of the optical switch so that the connection state is changed to the same as that in Figure 4, and then complete the transmission in the same way as above; If the interlayer interconnection structure is as shown in Figure 6, the transmitter connected to the b port sends an optical signal with a wavelength of _λ0 , passes through the optical fiber circulator, exits from the a port, reaches the filter, and is assigned a sending direction, and finally reaches The d port on the other layer enters the optical fiber circulator, then exits from the e port, and is received by the optical receiver connected to the e port, so that the signal is transmitted to the server on the upper layer, and then transmitted through the cabinet and between the cabinets on the same layer , to complete the transmission task; if the interlayer interconnection structure is as shown in Figure 7, then the transmitter connected to the b port sends an optical signal with a wavelength of _λ0 , passes through the optical fiber circulator, exits from the a port, and arrives at the paired with the a port The a port on the other layer enters the optical fiber circulator, then exits from the A port, enters the arrayed waveguide grating from the incident port y1, and according to the routing characteristics, the optical signal will exit from the corresponding exit port y1' and enter through the B port The optical fiber circulator exits from the d port and reaches the fiber grating, the fiber grating will reflect the wavelength, enter the optical fiber circulator from the d port again, and then exit from the e port, and be received by the optical receiver connected to the e port, so that The signal is transmitted to the server on the upper layer, and then through the transmission in the cabinet and the same layer between the cabinets to complete the transmission task; if the inter-layer interconnection structure is shown in Figure 8, the interconnection port of the control optical switch matrix, when the state of the optical switch matrix The first port of each 3-port optical fiber circulator is connected to the third port, then the interconnection of the interlayer cabinets can be realized: the transmitter connected to the b port of the source server sends an optical signal of wavelength λ _G (G= |z1-y2|), through the optical fiber circulator, it exits from the a port to the interlayer interconnection structure, enters the three-port optical fiber circulator, and enters the three-port optical fiber circulator through the optical switch matrix, so that the optical signal is transmitted from the a port Incidence, and through the fiber circulator, incident from the z1 port to the arrayed waveguide grating, according to the wavelength routing, exit from the y2 port, enter the connected fiber circulator, exit from the d port, enter the interlayer interconnection structure and exit, according to Interconnection characteristics, arrive at the (x2, y2, y1, d) port, enter the fiber optic circulator, then exit from the e port, and be received by the optical receiver connected to the e port, and transmitted to (x2, y2, y1), if y1=z2, the transmission ends, and if y1≠z2, the transmission task can be completed after one transmission in the cabinet.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. data center's optical interconnected structure based on mesh topology structure, which is characterized in that the structure includes two layers of cabinet Group, every layer of cabinet group include N number of cabinet, and array waveguide grating and N number of clothes that a specification is N × N are arranged in each cabinet Business device；At least two tunable optical transceivers are respectively provided on every server, the routing characteristic of array waveguide grating is：Wavelength is λ_PLight array waveguide grating is entered by entry port j, eventually from exit ports k ' export, wherein P=| j-k ' |；Two layers In cabinet group, the Servers-all in each cabinet respectively passes through the array waveguide grating in optical fiber circulator and place cabinet It is connected, first layer cabinet group is connected with second layer cabinet group by optical fiber circulator and/or interlayer interconnection structure.

2. data center's optical interconnected structure according to claim 1 based on mesh topology structure, which is characterized in that A 4 fiber port circulators are all connected at all array waveguide grating ports so that each end of array waveguide grating Mouth is all expanded into the port of three circulators, and the port of two of which circulator is used for the light transmitting-receiving port of Connection Service device, The port of third circulator is connected by optical fiber or interlayer interconnection structure with the array waveguide grating in another layer of cabinet group.

3. data center's optical interconnected structure according to claim 2 based on mesh topology structure, which is characterized in that machine The rule that server in cabinet is connect with array waveguide grating is as follows：It is from 1 to N in the number of arbitrary interior of equipment cabinet, server； For with corresponding array waveguide grating in the cabinet, it is suitable to set its port for 4 fiber port circulators being connected with entry port Sequence is：B → a → A → c, the wherein ports A are connected with the entry port of array waveguide grating, 4 port opticals being connected with exit ports Fine circulator, port order are set as f → B → d → e, and the wherein ports B are connected with the exit ports of array waveguide grating, then And the ports b of optical fiber circulator connected entry port i and the ends f of the optical fiber circulator connected with corresponding exit ports i ' Mouthful, connect two light emitting ports of the server for being i to number；With the ports c of the entry port i optical fiber circulators being connected with And the ports e of the optical fiber circulator connected with corresponding exit ports i ', connect the two light input for the server for being i to number Port.

4. data center's optical interconnected structure according to claim 1 based on mesh topology structure, which is characterized in that the The array waveguide grating in the cabinet in the array waveguide grating and second layer cabinet group in cabinet in one layer of cabinet group passes through Following rules connects：

First layer cabinet group, second layer cabinet group have N number of cabinet, and corresponding to have N number of array waveguide grating, number be 1 to N；

For the array waveguide grating that number is m in first layer cabinet group, the fiber optic loop being connected with the entry port that number is n The ports a of shape device；And the array waveguide grating that number is n in second layer cabinet group, the entry port for being m with number are connected Optical fiber circulator the ports a, the two ports a are as the pairs of ports a；1≤m≤N, 1≤n≤N；

For the array waveguide grating that number is m in first layer cabinet group, the optical fiber being connected with the exit ports that number is n ' The ports d of circulator；And the array waveguide grating that number is n in second layer cabinet group, the exit ports for being m ' with number The ports d of connected optical fiber circulator, the two ports d are as the pairs of ports d；

Be one group of port a-d by the above-mentioned pairs of ports a and pairs of d port definitions, this group of port a-d by optical fiber and/ Or interlayer interconnection structure links together.

5. data center's optical interconnected structure according to claim 4 based on mesh topology structure, which is characterized in that institute It states interlayer interconnection structure and selects following any modes：

Mode one：The interlayer interconnection structure is that the optical fiber for directly interconnecting two intersects；

Mode two：The interlayer interconnection structure be use can select the specification of outbound course for 2 × 2 optical switch matrix；

Mode three：The interlayer interconnection structure, which is use, can detach wavelength as λ₀Light filter, λ₀For a preset wave It is long, after entering from i-th of port of array waveguide grating, it can be exported from the ports i '；

Mode four：The interlayer interconnection structure is：For one group of port a-d, optical fiber interconnections, two ends d are directly used in two ports a Mouthful between using one can reflection wavelength be λ₀Light fiber grating connection；

Mode five：The interlayer interconnection structure is the structure using circulator and photoswitch combination, for one group of port a-d, two Optical fiber interconnections are directly used in a ports d, and it is 2 × 2 to be connected between two ports a there are two 3 fiber port circulators and a specification Optical switch matrix, second port of each 3 fiber port circulator be connected directly with two ports a respectively, remaining two A port is connected to the input of optical switch matrix, output port.

6. a kind of communication means based on data center's optical interconnected structure described in claim 5, which is characterized in that definition should first The coordinate of server is (x, y, z) in structure, and what is represented is the server of xth layer, cabinet number as y, server number as z, The number of array waveguide grating is also y, (x, y, z, what is a) represented is the ports a for the optical fiber circulator being connected with the server, What (x, y, z, b) was represented is the ports b for the optical fiber circulator being connected with the server, and so on；Server in the structure There are three kinds of different modes for interconnection：Transmission, the transmission of rack room same layer, the transmission of rack room interlayer in cabinet；

Communication includes three kinds of modes：

(1) it is transmitted between same cabinet server：Set source server (x1, y1, z1) and destination server (x2, y2, z2) In same cabinet, i.e.,：X1=x2, y1=y2, at this point, a length of λ of optical sender send wave that source server is connected with the ports f_O Optical signal, by optical fiber circulator, it is z1's ' to be emitted from the ports B of optical fiber circulator and reach the number of array waveguide grating Exit ports, by array waveguide grating, the entry port outgoing for being finally z2 from the number of array waveguide grating reaches therewith The ports A of connected optical fiber circulator are emitted by optical fiber circulator from the ports c of optical fiber circulator, are reached and the ports c phase Destination server photoreceiver even is transferred to destination server, completes the data transmission in cabinet, wherein O=| z1-z2 |；

(2) two rack room same layer transmission：Source server (x1, y1, z1) is set with destination server (x2, y2, z2) in same layer, But not in same cabinet, i.e.,：X1=x2, y1 ≠ y2, if at this point, the ports a and the ports d that are connect with source server do not connect Interlayer interconnection structure；Or the interlayer interconnection structure of connection is the mode three or mode four in claim 5；Or the interlayer of connection is mutual It is the mode two or mode five in claim 5 to link structure, but the state of optical switch matrix supports same layer interconnection, source service at this time The a length of λ of optical sender send wave that device is connected with the ports b_QOptical signal, wherein Q=| y1-y2 |, optical signal passes through fiber annular Device is exported from the ports a, the array waveguide grating in the cabinet that the number for then passing to another layer is z1, the port of connection be (x3, Z1, y1, a), x3 ≠ x1, according to wavelength X_QOptical signal is exported from port (x3, z1, y2, d), and it is y2's to connect to x1 layers of number Array waveguide grating in cabinet, connectivity port is (x1, y2, z1, d), by the ports e by the reception of server (x1, y2, z1) Machine receives, and the process for completing the transmission of rack room same layer is transmitted if z1=z2, if z1 ≠ z2, then would pass through one Transmission in secondary cabinet, completes transmission process；If the interlayer interconnection structure of the ports a being connect with source server and the connection of the ports d is Mode one in claim 5；Or the interlayer interconnection structure of connection is the mode two or mode five in claim 5, but at this time The state of optical switch matrix does not support same layer to interconnect, and it is occupied cannot change, then server needs to first pass through transmission in cabinet, The server of interlayer interconnection can be carried out by being transferred to, and be transmitted through the above way；

(3) two rack room interlayer transmission：Source server (x1, y1, z1) is set with destination server (x2, y2, z2) not same Layer, i.e. x1 ≠ x2, source server (x1, y1, z1) first pass through transmission or the transmission of rack room same layer in cabinet, are transferred to and interlayer The connected server of interconnection structure, different optical signal transmission modes is selected according to the difference of interlayer interconnection structure.

7. communication means according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in step (3), if interlayer interconnection structure is right It is required that the mode one in 5：The optical fiber that directly two are interconnected intersects, then the transmitter transmission being connected with the ports b is loaded with signal Light is emitted by optical fiber circulator from the ports a, is reached another layer of the ports d and is entered optical fiber circulator, then goes out from the ports e It penetrates, and the photoreceiver that is connected with the ports e receives, then signal is rested on another layer of server, then by cabinet Transmission and the transmission of rack room same layer, are transferred to destination server；

In step (3), if in interlayer interconnection structure being the mode two in claim 5：Using outbound course can be selected The optical switch matrix that specification is 2 × 2, setting optical switch matrix interconnect, and the state of photoswitch are judged, by adjusting the shape of photoswitch State so that connection status is changed to the state of above-mentioned " optical fiber for directly interconnecting two intersects " this structure, then by upper It states one corresponding method of mode and completes transmission.

8. communication means according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in step (3), if interlayer interconnection structure is right It is required that the mode three in 5：The use of can detach wavelength is λ₀Light filter, then the transmitter send wave being connected with the ports b A length of λ₀Optical signal be emitted from the ports a by optical fiber circulator, reach filter, and be assigned sending direction, most Zhongdao Up to another layer of the ports d, into optical fiber circulator, the photoreceiver for being then emitted from the ports e, and being connected with the ports e receives, To transmit a signal to the server on upper layer, is transmitted using transmission in cabinet and rack room same layer, complete transformation task.

9. communication means according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in step (3), if interlayer interconnection structure is right It is required that the mode four in 5：Optical fiber interconnections are directly used in two ports a, between two ports d using one can reflection wavelength be λ₀ Light fiber grating connection, then a length of λ of transmitter send wave being connected with the ports b₀Optical signal, by optical fiber circulator, It is emitted from the ports a, reaches another layer of a port pairs of with the ports a, into optical fiber circulator, be emitted later from the ports A, Enter array waveguide grating from entry port y1, and according to routing characteristic it is found that optical signal can go out from corresponding exit ports y1 ' It penetrates, optical fiber circulator is entered by the ports B, and be emitted from the ports d, reach fiber grating, fiber grating can reflect the wavelength, weight Newly enter optical fiber circulator from the ports d, the photoreceiver for being then emitted from the ports e, and being connected with the ports e receives, thus will Signal transmission is transmitted using transmission in cabinet and rack room same layer to the server on upper layer, completes transformation task.

10. communication means according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in step (3), if interlayer interconnection structure is power Profit requires the mode five in 5：The mode combined using optical fiber circulator and optical switch matrix, controls the interconnection end of optical switch matrix Mouthful, when the state of optical switch matrix makes a port of each 3 fiber port circulator be connected with third port, then may be used To realize the interconnection of interlayer cabinet：The transmitter of source server being connected with the ports b sends wavelength X_GOptical signal, wherein G=| Z1-y2 |, it is emitted from the ports a by optical fiber circulator and reaches interlayer interconnection structure, into three fiber port circulators, and via Optical switch matrix enters to be emitted back towards three fiber port circulators so that and optical signal passes through optical fiber circulator again from the incidence of the ports a, from Z1 is incident on array waveguide grating in port, according to Wavelength routing, is emitted from the ports y2 ', into the optical fiber circulator being attached thereto, It is emitted from the ports d, into interlayer interconnection structure and is emitted, according to interconnection characteristic, the port (x2, y2, y1, d) is reached, into optical fiber Then photoreceiver that circulator is emitted from the ports e, and is connected with the ports e receives, and (x2, y2, y1) is transferred to, if y1= Transformation task can be completed carrying out transmission in a cabinet if y1 ≠ z2 in z2, the then end of transmission.