CN114744400B - Miniaturized ultra wide band trapped wave antenna - Google Patents
Miniaturized ultra wide band trapped wave antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114744400B CN114744400B CN202210659473.7A CN202210659473A CN114744400B CN 114744400 B CN114744400 B CN 114744400B CN 202210659473 A CN202210659473 A CN 202210659473A CN 114744400 B CN114744400 B CN 114744400B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/364—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith using a particular conducting material, e.g. superconductor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/25—Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, and relates to a miniaturized ultra wide band trapped wave antenna, include: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a feed microstrip line, a radiation patch and a first trap branch; the feed microstrip line, the radiation patch and the first trap branch are loaded on the front surface of the dielectric substrate; the radiation patch is of an annular structure and is connected with the feed microstrip line; the first trap branch is an S-shaped structure made of a metal material, the first trap branch is arranged in a closed space enclosed by the annular structure, and one end of the first trap branch is connected with the feed microstrip line through a radiation patch; further comprising: a first ring piece and a second ring piece; the first ring piece and the second ring piece are loaded on the front surface of the medium substrate; the first ring piece, the second ring piece and the radiation patch are sleeved outside the first trap branch at intervals layer by layer, and the first ring piece and the second ring piece are communicated with one end of the first trap branch. The method and the device can generate trapped waves, expand bandwidth, achieve miniaturization and have omni-directionality.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a miniaturized ultra-wideband trapped wave antenna.
Background
In this era of continuous development of science and technology, wireless communication is also rapidly developing as a main information transfer means. As one of the most important components in wireless communication, antennas are also required to be continuously developed to adapt to more complicated and varied communication systems and environments.
The ultra-wideband communication technology has many advantages, such as high speed, low power consumption, multipath interference resistance, etc., and its most important advantage is that it has very wide bandwidth and can transmit and receive signals with very wide range. Because of these advantages of ultra-wideband antennas, many people have begun to invest in the field of ultra-wideband antennas. Therefore, ultra-wideband antennas have been developed rapidly, so that wireless communication systems can transmit more stably and reliably.
The microstrip patch antenna is a main antenna form in the current antenna research, and because the microstrip patch antenna has the characteristics of small size, portability, simple structure, low cost and the like, the microstrip patch type ultra-wideband antenna in various types of ultra-wideband antennas is widely valued and researched, so that the microstrip ultra-wideband antenna is rapidly developed.
The prior ultra-wideband antenna mainly faces four problems: 1) the size of the antenna is still relatively large, and the microstrip antenna is characterized by miniaturization, so the size of the antenna needs to be reduced continuously; 2) the bandwidth of the antenna also has a rising space, and the ultra-wideband antenna can also continuously widen the bandwidth outside a given range; 3) due to the ultra-wideband characteristic of the antenna, some interference signals in an unnecessary frequency band can be received, so that errors occur in a communication system; 4) the omni-directionality of the antenna has yet to be improved.
As described above, the conventional ultra-wideband antenna has certain limitations in terms of suppression of interference signals, ultra-wideband characteristics, miniaturization, omni-directionality, and the like. The research on how to improve the bandwidth of the ultra-wideband antenna, improve the capability of inhibiting interference signals and further realize the miniaturization and the omni-directionality of the antenna has important significance on the development and the application of the ultra-wideband antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a miniaturized uwb notch antenna that can generate a notch, expand a bandwidth, achieve miniaturization, and have omni-directionality.
A miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a feed microstrip line, a radiation patch and a first trap branch; the feed microstrip line, the radiation patch and the first trap branch are loaded on the front surface of the dielectric substrate;
the radiation patch is of an annular structure and is connected with the feed microstrip line;
the first trap branch is an S-shaped structure made of a metal material, the first trap branch is arranged in a closed space enclosed by the annular structure, and one end of the first trap branch is connected with the feed microstrip line through the radiation patch.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a first ring piece and a second ring piece; the first ring piece and the second ring piece are loaded on the front surface of the medium substrate;
the first ring piece, the second ring piece and the radiation patch are sleeved on the outer side of the first trap branch at intervals layer by layer, and the first ring piece and the second ring piece are communicated with one end of the first trap branch.
In one embodiment, further comprising: two second trap branches;
the second trapped wave branches are of a spiral structure, the two second trapped wave branches are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the feed microstrip line at intervals, and a gap is formed between the second trapped wave branches and the feed microstrip line.
In one embodiment, both ends of the second notch limb point away from the radiating patch.
In one embodiment, further comprising: two third trap branches; the two third trap branches are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the back surface of the dielectric substrate at intervals;
the third trap branch is of a spiral structure, and one end of the third trap branch is connected with the radiation patch through a first connecting line.
In one embodiment, further comprising: two fourth notch branches corresponding to the two third notch branches one to one; the two fourth trap branches are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the back surface of the dielectric substrate at intervals;
the fourth trap branch is of a spiral structure, and one end of the fourth trap branch is connected with the radiation patch through a second connecting line;
and a gap is reserved between the third trap branch and the corresponding fourth trap branch.
In one embodiment, the inner edge of the radiation patch is provided with a notch of a semicircular structure, and one end of the first trap branch is connected with the radiation patch through the notch.
In one embodiment, further comprising: the floor is arranged on the back surface of the medium substrate;
the floor is in a rectangular structure and is loaded at a position below the dielectric substrate.
In one embodiment, a rectangular groove is formed in the top edge of the floor, and the rectangular groove is fixedly formed in the center of the floor.
In one embodiment, two fan-shaped grooves are further arranged on the top edge of the floor;
the two fan-shaped grooves are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the floor, and the tips of the fan-shaped grooves face the outer side of the medium substrate.
According to the miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna, on the basis of the ultra-wideband antenna, the first notch branch knot with the S-shaped structure is designed on the dielectric substrate, and the first notch branch knot is arranged in the closed space, so that a notch can be generated, the reception of other unnecessary interference signals is inhibited, the stability of a wireless communication system is favorably kept, the antenna has ultra-wideband characteristics and notch characteristics, and the reliability of the system is improved; the overall size of the antenna can be up to 30 × 25 × 0.544mm 3 The antenna has the advantages that the size is small, the miniaturization of the antenna is realized, the structure is simple, the antenna is small and exquisite and portable, the processing cost is low, and the size of the antenna is further reduced due to the fact that the first trap branch is arranged in the closed space; moreover, the antenna has good radiation characteristics and omni-directional characteristics, can transmit and receive signals from all directions, is suitable for various application occasions, and can be kept stable in a complex and changeable communication environment; the method and the device can be widely applied to ultra-wideband antennas, wireless communication systems, Internet of things and Internet of vehiclesAnd the like, and has wide prospect in complex communication environments and fields.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic front view of a miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna in one embodiment;
figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the back side of a miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna in one embodiment;
figure 3 is a side schematic view of a miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna in one embodiment;
figure 4 is a front dimensional diagram of a miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna in one embodiment;
figure 5 is a diagram of back dimensions of a miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna in one embodiment;
figure 6 is a dimensional diagram of a first notch branch of a miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 shows an S of a miniaturized UWB notch antenna in one embodiment 11 A graph is shown schematically;
figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a gain curve for a miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a 3GHz radiation pattern for the miniaturized UWB notch antenna in one embodiment, (a) a 3GHz E-plane radiation pattern, and (b) a 3GHz H-plane radiation pattern;
FIG. 10 is a radiation pattern of a miniaturized UWB notch antenna at 5GHz in one embodiment, (a) an E-plane radiation pattern at 5GHz, and (b) an H-plane radiation pattern at 5 GHz;
FIG. 11 is a radiation pattern of a miniaturized UWB notch antenna in one embodiment at 8GHz, (a) an E-plane radiation pattern at 8GHz, and (b) an H-plane radiation pattern at 8 GHz;
fig. 12 shows the radiation pattern of the miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna at 10GHz in one embodiment, (a) an E-plane radiation pattern at 10GHz, and (b) an H-plane radiation pattern at 10 GHz.
Reference numerals:
the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate 1, a feed microstrip line 2, a radiation patch 3, a first trap branch 4, a closed space 5, a first ring piece 6, a second ring piece 7, a second trap branch 8, a third trap branch 9, a fourth trap branch 10, a first connecting line 11, a second connecting line 12 and a floor 13.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present application provides a miniaturized uwb notch antenna, which in one embodiment includes: the device comprises a dielectric substrate 1, a feed microstrip line 2, a radiation patch 3 and a first trapped wave branch 4; the feed microstrip line 2, the radiation patch 3 and the first trap branch 4 are loaded on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 1;
the radiation patch 3 is of an annular structure and is connected with the feed microstrip line 2;
the first trap branch 4 is an S-shaped structure made of metal materials, the first trap branch 4 is arranged in a closed space 5 enclosed by the annular structure, and one end of the first trap branch 4 is connected with the feed microstrip line 2 through the radiation patch 3.
The shape and size of the dielectric substrate 1 are not limited in the present application, and the dielectric substrate can be specifically designed according to the requirements.
In one embodiment, the dielectric substrate 1 has a rectangular structure with a thickness of 0.508mm, and is made of Rogers5880, a dielectric constant of 2.2, and a loss tangent of 0.0009.
The antenna adopts a feed microstrip line for feeding, and the impedance of a feed port is 50 ohms, so that the antenna can be well matched with an SMA interface.
The present application does not limit the specific shape of the radiation patch 3, and the radiation patch may have a ring structure. The application also does not limit the specific size of the closed space 5 enclosed by the radiation patches 3, different bandwidths can be expanded by the closed spaces 5 with different sizes, and the design can be carried out according to actual conditions.
Preferably, the radiation patch 3 is a rectangular ring structure, the top edge of the radiation patch is equal to and coincides with the top edge of the dielectric substrate, and the two side edges of the radiation patch coincide with the two side edges of the dielectric substrate, that is, the radiation patch is disposed at a position above the front surface of the dielectric substrate, and a closed space enclosed in the middle of the ring structure can be regarded as a square slot. Further preferably, a notch groove of a semicircular structure is formed in the center of the inner edge of the radiation patch 3, the straight edge of the notch groove coincides with the inner edge of the radiation patch 3, and one end of the first notch branch 4 is connected with the radiation patch 3 through the notch groove. The distance between the first trap branch 4 and a connection point (the connection point refers to the connection point of the feed microstrip line and the radiation patch) can be reduced by notching the semicircular structure, and more current is introduced into the first trap branch. The design of the square cutting groove and the semi-circular cutting groove greatly reduces the metal coverage area of the antenna, can effectively reduce the usage amount of metal, thereby reducing the processing cost, and simultaneously the ultra-wideband characteristic of the antenna is not changed.
The first notch branch 4 is not limited to a specific shape and size, and may have an S-shaped structure, and each of the constituent branches may have a straight line shape or an arc shape.
Preferably, the first trap branch 4 comprises: the first branch knot, the second branch knot, the third branch knot, the fourth branch knot, the fifth branch knot and the sixth branch knot are equal in width; the first branch, the third branch and the fifth branch are sequentially arranged at intervals and are parallel to each other, one corresponding end is positioned on the same straight line, and the length of the fifth branch is smaller than that of the first branch; the second branch knot is simultaneously connected with the other corresponding end of the first branch knot and the third branch knot and is simultaneously vertical to the first branch knot and the third branch knot; the fourth branch is simultaneously connected with one corresponding end of the third branch and the fifth branch and is simultaneously vertical to the third branch and the fifth branch; the first branch knot and the third branch knot are equal in length, and the second branch knot and the fourth branch knot are equal in length; the first branch knot, the second branch knot, the third branch knot, the fourth branch knot and the fifth branch knot form an S-shaped structure together; one end of the sixth branch is connected with the other end of the fifth branch, the other end of the sixth branch faces the direction far away from the first trap branch, and the sixth branch is perpendicular to the fifth branch.
The first trap branch of the S-shaped structure can change the current flow direction on the radiation patch, so that the current transmitted from the microstrip line flows to the S-shaped structure at a specific frequency point, most of the current is gathered on the S-shaped branch, the electromagnetic wave is bound on the S-shaped branch and cannot be radiated, and finally a trap is formed.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows: the current enters from the feed microstrip line, reaches the radiation patch along the feed microstrip line, and is radiated out in the form of electromagnetic waves along the edge of the radiation patch; at a specific frequency band, current enters the first trap branch through the radiation patch to form a first trap.
According to the miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna, on the basis of the ultra-wideband antenna, the first notch branch knot with the S-shaped structure is designed on the dielectric substrate, and the first notch branch knot is arranged in the closed space, so that a notch can be generated, the reception of other unnecessary interference signals is inhibited, the stability of a wireless communication system is favorably kept, the antenna has ultra-wideband characteristics and notch characteristics, and the reliability of the system is improved; the overall size of the antenna can be up to 30 × 25 × 0.544mm 3 The antenna has the advantages that the size is small, the miniaturization of the antenna is realized, the structure is simple, the antenna is small and exquisite and portable, the processing cost is low, and the size of the antenna is further reduced due to the fact that the first trap branch is arranged in the closed space; moreover, the antenna has good radiation characteristics and omni-directional characteristics, can transmit and receive signals from all directions, is suitable for various application occasions, and can be kept stable in a complex and changeable communication environment; the method and the device can be widely applied to complex communication environments and fields such as ultra-wideband antennas, wireless communication systems, internet of things and internet of vehicles, and have a wide prospect.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a first ring piece 6 and a second ring piece 7; the first ring piece 6 and the second ring piece 7 are loaded on the front surface of the medium substrate 1;
the first ring piece 6, the second ring piece 7 and the radiation patch 3 are sleeved on the outer side of the first trap branch 4 layer by layer at intervals, and the first ring piece 6 and the second ring piece 7 are communicated with one end of the first trap branch 4.
In this embodiment, the first ring piece 6 and the second ring piece 7 are both of circular ring structures and are concentric, and can be coupled with the first notch branch 4 in a small space (closed space), so that the electromagnetic wave constraint capability of the first notch branch 4 of the S-shaped structure can be effectively improved, the current of the antenna can be more concentrated on the S-shaped branch, the notch characteristic of the antenna is more obvious, and the interference signal of an unnecessary frequency band is better suppressed.
In one embodiment, further comprising: two second trap branches 8;
the second notch branch 8 is a spiral structure, two second notch branches 8 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the feed microstrip line 2 at intervals, and a gap is formed between the second notch branch 8 and the feed microstrip line 2.
Specifically, the second trap branch 8 includes: the first branch part, the second branch part, the third branch part, the fourth branch part, the fifth branch part, the sixth branch part and the seventh branch part are all rectangular structures and have equal width; the first branch part, the second branch part, the third branch part, the fourth branch part, the fifth branch part, the sixth branch part and the seventh branch part are sequentially connected and are vertically arranged in the same direction one by one to form a rectangular spiral structure; the first branch part is closest to the feed microstrip line.
In this embodiment, the second trap branch is a rectangular spiral structure, which can confine the current therein, so that the electromagnetic wave cannot be radiated out, thereby forming a trap. When current passes through the feed microstrip line, the current is coupled with the second trapped wave branch at certain specific frequency bands to generate trapped waves; when the width of the second notch branch is 0.4 +/-0.2 mm, the distances between the second notch branch and the bottoms of the radiation patches and the bottoms of the dielectric substrates are larger than 1mm, the distance between the first branch and the feed microstrip line is smaller than 1mm, and the distance between the third branch and the feed microstrip line is smaller than 7.5mm, the coupling between the microstrip line and the second notch branch is enhanced, the currents in the second notch branch are bound at different frequency points, and then the notches of two different frequency points are generated, namely, the notches of two different frequency points are realized by adopting a structure, namely, the second notch and the third notch. The notch is generated in such a way, the metal utilization rate of the antenna can be saved, two notches are generated by one structure, the receiving of interference signals can be better avoided, the use of metal is saved, and the antenna is simple in structure, low in processing cost and easy to manufacture.
In one embodiment both ends of the second notch limb 8 point away from the radiating patch.
In the embodiment, the frequency point position of the trapped wave can be ensured, and S is within the working frequency band except the trapped wave frequency band 11 All are below-10 dB, thereby forming the ultra-wideband and ensuring the ultra-wideband characteristic.
In one embodiment, further comprising: two third trap branches 9; two third trap branches 9 are symmetrically arranged at intervals on two sides of the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1;
the third trap branch 9 is a spiral structure, and one end of the third trap branch 9 is connected to the radiation patch 3 through a first connection line 11.
In this embodiment, the third trap branch 9 is a rectangular spiral structure, and when a current passes through the radiation patch, the current flows into the third trap branch through the first connection line at a specific frequency point and is then constrained, so as to generate a fourth trap.
Specifically, the third trap branch 9 includes: the first branch section, the second branch section and the third branch section are all rectangular structures and are equal in width; the first branch section, the second branch section and the third branch section are sequentially connected and are sequentially and vertically arranged in the same direction to form a rectangular spiral structure; the first branch section is connected with the first connecting line.
It should be noted that there are two first connection lines, which are respectively connected to the two third trap branches.
In one embodiment, further comprising: two fourth notch branches 10 corresponding to the two third notch branches 9 one to one; two fourth trap branches 10 are symmetrically arranged at intervals on two sides of the back surface of the dielectric substrate 1;
the fourth notch branch 10 is of a spiral structure, and one end of the fourth notch branch 10 is connected with the radiation patch 3 through a second connecting line 12;
a gap is formed between the third notch branch 9 and the corresponding fourth notch branch 10, so that the third notch branch 9 and the corresponding fourth notch branch 10 do not interfere with each other.
The specific positions of the third notch branch 9 and the fourth notch branch 10 are not limited in the present application, as long as the third notch branch 9 and the fourth notch branch 10 do not interfere with other components, for example: the third trap branch 9 and the corresponding fourth trap branch 10 enclose a spiral channel.
In the present embodiment, the fourth notch branch 10 is a rectangular spiral structure, and when a current passes through the radiation patch, the current flows into the fourth notch branch 10 through the second connection line 12 at a specific frequency point and is then constrained, so as to generate a fifth notch.
Specifically, the fourth trap branch 10 includes: the first branch line, the second branch line, the third branch line, the fourth branch line and the fifth branch line are all rectangular structures and are equal in width; the first branch line, the second branch line, the third branch line, the fourth branch line and the fifth branch line are sequentially connected and are vertically arranged in the same direction one by one to form a rectangular spiral structure; the first branch line is connected with the second connecting line.
It should be noted that there are two second connecting lines, which are respectively connected to the two fourth trap branches.
First connecting wire 11 and second connecting wire 12 can lead to the back of medium base plate with the electric current on the radiation paster 3, and then produce the trapped wave at the third trapped wave minor details and the fourth trapped wave minor details at the back, like this can make full use of the back space of antenna, reduce the volume of antenna for the antenna is small and exquisite convenient more.
The third notch branch 9 and the fourth notch branch 10 are not connected, so that two notches with different frequency points can be generated, the notch currents are respectively concentrated on the two spiral linear structures, and the two notches are not interfered with each other. Meanwhile, the effective space of the antenna can be fully utilized by adding the branch at the back, so that more trapped waves are generated on the premise of not increasing the size of the antenna, more interference signals are suppressed, and the operation of a communication system can be more stable.
It should be noted that the first notch branch, the second notch branch, the third notch branch and the fourth notch branch are all formed by connecting rectangular structures with equal width and different lengths in sequence, and the overlapping part of each rectangular structure and the other rectangular structure is a square (the side length is equal to the width of the rectangular structure).
Due to the existence of the first notch branch 4, the second notch branch 8, the third notch branch 9 and the fourth notch branch 10, the antenna can generate a first notch, a second notch, a third notch, a fourth notch and a fifth notch, namely, the antenna of the structure generates five notches with different frequency bands, the number of the notches of the antenna is large, the technical problem that interference signals of a plurality of interference frequency points are received due to the working frequency bandwidth of the existing ultra-wideband antenna is solved, the interference signals of the plurality of frequency points can be better inhibited, and the stable transmission of the signals is facilitated; the working frequency band of the ultra-wideband trapped wave antenna is 2.56GHz-12GHz, so that better ultra-wideband characteristics are realized; the omnidirectional antenna radiation and miniaturization are realized, and the antenna has a simple structure, is easy to process and manufacture, and can be applied to a complex and changeable wireless communication system.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a floor 13 provided on the back surface of the dielectric substrate; the floor 13 is of a rectangular structure and is loaded at a position below the dielectric substrate 1.
Wherein, a rectangular groove is arranged on the top edge of the floor 13 and is fixedly arranged in the center of the floor.
Two fan-shaped grooves are also arranged on the top edge of the floor 13; the two fan-shaped grooves are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the floor, and the tips of the fan-shaped grooves face the outer side of the medium substrate.
In this embodiment, the floor 13 is made of metal material, such as copper, to form an electromagnetic field together with the metal microstrip line on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 1, so that the antenna can work normally.
The width of the floor 13 in the horizontal direction is equal to that of the dielectric substrate, and the height of the floor in the vertical direction is smaller than that of the feed microstrip line, so that three sides of the floor are superposed with three sides of the dielectric substrate; the fan-shaped groove is of a quarter-circle structure, and two right-angle edges of the fan-shaped groove are overlapped with two adjacent edges of the floor.
The design of the rectangular slot can improve the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna and expand the working bandwidth of the antenna; the bandwidth expanding capability of the rectangular grooves with different sizes is different, and the rectangular grooves can be specifically set according to actual conditions; the fan-shaped groove can further improve the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna on the basis of the rectangular groove, and the effect of expanding the bandwidth of the antenna is achieved.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, in a specific embodiment, the structural size parameters of the antenna are as follows:
the width a1=25mm of the dielectric substrate, the height a2=30mm of the dielectric substrate, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.508 mm; the distance b1=11.725mm between the feed microstrip line and the side of the dielectric substrate, and the distance b2=12mm between the bottom of the radiation patch and the bottom of the dielectric substrate; the width c1=17mm of the closed space, the height c2=12mm of the closed space, and the radius c3=2mm of the semicircular groove; the outer diameter d1=4.7mm of the second ring piece, the width of the second ring piece is 0.4mm, the outer diameter d2=4mm of the first ring piece, the width of the first ring piece is 0.4mm, the distance between the second ring piece and the first ring piece is 0.3mm, and the distance d3=2mm of the second ring piece and the radiation patch; length e1=6mm for the first branch, length e2=1.4mm for the second branch, length e3=6mm for the third branch, length e4=1.4mm for the fourth branch, length e5=3.2mm for the fifth branch, length e6=7.7mm for the sixth branch, width e7=0.4mm for the first notch branch (i.e. width of each branch); the length f1=6mm of the first branch, the length f2=4.4mm of the second branch, the length f3=5.4mm of the third branch, the length f4=3.4mm of the fourth branch, the length f5=2.4mm of the fifth branch, the length f6=2.4mm of the sixth branch, the length f7=3.4mm of the seventh branch, the width (i.e., the width of each branch) f8=0.4mm of the second notch branch, the distance f9=0.3mm between the second notch branch and the feed microstrip line, and the distance f10=3mm between the second notch branch and the bottom of the dielectric substrate; the length g1=3.98mm for the first limb segment, the length g2=2mm for the second limb segment, the length g3=0.7mm for the third limb segment, and the width of the third notch limb (i.e. the width of each limb segment) is 0.4 mm; the length h1=5mm of the first branch, the length h2=3.8mm of the second branch, the length h3=2.4mm of the third branch, the length h4=1.9mm of the fourth branch, the length h5=0.7mm of the fifth branch, and the width of the fourth notch branch (i.e., the width of each branch) is 0.4 mm; the distance i1=0.5mm between the first branch segment and the first connecting line, the width of the first connecting line and the second connecting line is 0.544mm, the height of the first connecting line (equal to the width of the third notch branch) i2=0.4mm, and the height of the second connecting line (equal to the width of the fourth notch branch) i3=0.4 mm; the height j1=11mm of the floor, the width j2=1.5mm of the rectangular groove, the height j3=7mm of the rectangular groove, and the radius j4=7mm of the fan-shaped groove; the thicknesses of the radiation patch, the first ring piece, the second ring piece, the feed microstrip line, the first trap branch, the second trap branch, the third trap branch, the fourth trap branch and the ground plate are all 0.018 mm.
It should be noted that the radiation patch, the first ring plate, the second ring plate, the feed microstrip line, the first trap branch and the second trap branch are all fixed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate, the third trap branch, the fourth trap branch and the floor are all fixed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate, and the first connection line and the second connection line are all fixed on the side surface of the dielectric substrate, and the specific fixing manner is the prior art and is not described herein again; moreover, the radiation patch, the first ring piece, the second ring piece, the feed microstrip line, the first notch branch, the second notch branch, the third notch branch, the fourth notch branch, the floor, the first connecting line and the second connecting line are all sheet-shaped structures made of metal materials.
The invention uses the electromagnetic full wave simulation software CST to carry out simulation analysis and optimization on the ultra wide band trapped wave antenna, and carries out simulation analysis and optimization on the structural parameters and S of the ultra wide band trapped wave antenna 11 The parameters, the gain of the antenna and the radiation pattern were studied.
S 11 The parameter is the self-reflection coefficient, i.e. the input return loss, which characterizes how much energy is reflected back to the input port, and less energy is returned means more energy is radiated out, S 11 The smaller the better.
As shown in FIG. 7, the abscissa is frequency and the ordinate is S 11 Parameters, as can be seen from the figure, S 11 Parameters reach more than-5 dB at five trapped wave frequency points, and the trapped wave characteristics of the antenna are proved to be good; s of the antenna except for five notch frequency bands 11 The parameters are all less than-10 dB in the range of 2.56GHz-12GHz, so that the antenna has the ultra-wideband characteristic; and the signal of the interference frequency band can be refused to be received, which is beneficial to the stability of the communication system.
FIG. 8 shows a gain curve diagram of the antenna, in which the abscissa represents frequency and the ordinate represents gain, and it can be seen from the diagram that the gains of the antenna at the notch frequency point are all less than 0 and can reach-5.8 dBi at the lowest, which proves that the notch characteristics of the antenna are good; except for five notch frequency bands, the gain of the antenna is larger than 0, and the peak gain can reach 4.7dBi, so that the antenna can effectively propagate signals.
Fig. 9 to fig. 12 show the E-plane radiation pattern and the H-plane radiation pattern of different frequency points in the operating frequency band, and it can be seen from the pattern that the radiation pattern of the antenna on the E-plane is in a "8" shape, and the radiation pattern on the H-plane is in a circular shape, which proves that the antenna has good omni-directionality and can transmit and receive signals in various directions. Specifically, fig. 9 is a 3GHz E-plane and H-plane radiation pattern, fig. 10 is a 5GHz E-plane and H-plane radiation pattern, fig. 11 is an 8GHz E-plane and H-plane radiation pattern, and fig. 12 is a 10GHz E-plane and H-plane radiation pattern.
In summary, the miniaturized ultra-wideband five-notch antenna is realized by using the S-shaped first notch branch, the spiral second notch branch, the spiral third notch branch and the spiral fourth notch branch. Interference signals are fully isolated through a plurality of trapped waves, so that the reliability of a wireless communication system is improved; two different trapped waves of the antenna are realized by constructing a branch, so that the utilization rate of the branch is improved; the branches are added on the back surface, so that the space of the antenna is fully utilized, the size of the antenna is reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna is realized; the rectangular groove and the fan-shaped groove on the floor improve impedance matching and increase bandwidth; the square cutting groove and the semicircular cutting groove are formed in the radiation patch, so that the metal usage amount of the antenna is reduced, and the processing cost of the antenna is reduced; the antenna has good radiation performance, can realize omni-directionality in a working frequency band, can transmit and receive signals in all directions, and can be used for ultra-wideband antennas, Internet of things, wireless communication systems and the like in complex communication environments.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a feed microstrip line, a radiation patch and a first trap branch; the feed microstrip line, the radiation patch and the first trap branch are loaded on the front surface of the dielectric substrate;
the radiation patch is of an annular structure and is connected with the feed microstrip line;
the first trap branch is an S-shaped structure made of a metal material, the first trap branch is arranged in a closed space enclosed by the annular structure, and one end of the first trap branch is connected with the feed microstrip line through the radiation patch; the first trap branch of the S-shaped structure changes the current flow direction on the radiation patch, so that the current transmitted from the microstrip line flows to the S-shaped structure at a specific frequency point to form a trap;
further comprising: a first ring piece and a second ring piece; the first ring piece, the second ring piece and the radiation patch are sleeved on the outer side of the first trapped wave branch at intervals layer by layer, and the first ring piece and the second ring piece can be coupled with the first trapped wave branch in a closed space, so that the trapped wave characteristic of the antenna is more obvious.
2. The miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna of claim 1, further comprising: a first ring piece and a second ring piece; the first ring piece and the second ring piece are loaded on the front surface of the medium substrate;
the first ring piece, the second ring piece and the radiation patch are sleeved on the outer side of the first trap branch at intervals layer by layer, and the first ring piece and the second ring piece are communicated with one end of the first trap branch.
3. The miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna of claim 1 or 2, further comprising: two second trap branches;
the second trapped wave branches are of a spiral structure, the two second trapped wave branches are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the feed microstrip line at intervals, and a gap is formed between the second trapped wave branches and the feed microstrip line.
4. The miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna of claim 3, wherein both ends of the second notch stub point away from the radiating patch.
5. The miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna of claim 4, further comprising: two third trap branches; the two third trap branches are symmetrically arranged at intervals on two sides of the back surface of the dielectric substrate;
the third trap branch is of a spiral structure, and one end of the third trap branch is connected with the radiation patch through a first connecting line.
6. The miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna of claim 5, further comprising: two fourth notch branches corresponding to the two third notch branches one to one; the two fourth trap branches are symmetrically arranged at intervals on two sides of the back surface of the dielectric substrate;
the fourth trap branch is of a spiral structure, and one end of the fourth trap branch is connected with the radiation patch through a second connecting line;
and a gap is reserved between the third trap branch and the corresponding fourth trap branch.
7. The miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner edge of the radiation patch is provided with a notch of a semicircular structure, and one end of the first notch stub is connected to the radiation patch through the notch.
8. The miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna of claim 1 or 2, further comprising: the floor is arranged on the back surface of the medium substrate;
the floor is in a rectangular structure and is loaded at a position below the dielectric substrate.
9. The miniaturized UWB notch antenna of claim 8 wherein the rectangular groove is provided on the top edge of the floor and is fixedly provided in the center of the floor.
10. The miniaturized ultra-wideband notch antenna of claim 9, wherein two fan-shaped grooves are further provided on a top edge of the floor;
the two fan-shaped grooves are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the floor, and the tips of the fan-shaped grooves face the outer side of the medium substrate.
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| EP1878089A4 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2008-07-16 | Emw Antenna Co Ltd | Ultra-wideband antenna having a band notch characteristic |
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