CN114743750B - Magnetic flux pump system control method and controllable magnetic flux pump system - Google Patents

Magnetic flux pump system control method and controllable magnetic flux pump system Download PDF

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CN114743750B
CN114743750B CN202210342822.2A CN202210342822A CN114743750B CN 114743750 B CN114743750 B CN 114743750B CN 202210342822 A CN202210342822 A CN 202210342822A CN 114743750 B CN114743750 B CN 114743750B
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superconducting
magnetic flux
flux pump
magnetic field
stator
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CN114743750A (en
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王为
徐航
李洪
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Chengdu Chaoci Liangtong Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Sichuan University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/006Supplying energising or de-energising current; Flux pumps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/006Supplying energising or de-energising current; Flux pumps
    • H01F6/008Electric circuit arrangements for energising superconductive electromagnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/06Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Superconductive Dynamoelectric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting magnets, and provides a control method of a magnetic flux pump system and a controllable magnetic flux pump system, wherein the method is to apply a background magnetic field with continuously adjustable direction and intensity to a superconducting stator; the system uses the method, it includes rotary magnetic flux pump, superconductive stator, superconductive coil and variable magnetic field generator; the superconducting stator is connected with the superconducting coil to form a closed loop; the superconducting stator is positioned between the rotary magnetic flux pump and the variable magnetic field generating device; the alternating current traveling wave generated by the rotary magnetic flux pump is influenced by a variable background magnetic field generated by a variable magnetic field device, and the magnitude and the direction of the superconducting current are controlled by changing the intensity and the direction of the background magnetic field; the system can realize the fine control of superconducting current without contacting, changing the rotating direction of the rotating magnetic flux pump, changing the structures such as a superconducting stator and the like, and has great application prospect.

Description

Magnetic flux pump system control method and controllable magnetic flux pump system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting magnets, in particular to a magnetic flux pump system control method and a controllable magnetic flux pump system.
Background
The magnetic flux pump provides a unique non-contact method for exciting the superconductor, and the method does not need to establish physical connection between low temperature and normal temperature environments through a current lead, so that the heat loss of a low temperature system is greatly reduced, the utilization rate of energy sources is improved, and the method is an extremely important part of the application field of superconducting power. The device has the advantages of light weight, small volume, stronger magnetizing field and extremely low loss, and has wide application prospect in the fields of medical treatment, energy sources, traffic and the like.
Research into adjusting the magnitude and direction of superconducting currents based on rotary magnetic flux pumps has attracted much interest from researchers in this research field in recent years. The adjustment of the superconducting current direction is mainly adjusted by changing the rotating direction of the magnetic disk of the rotary magnetic flux pump, and because the permanent magnetic disk has rotating inertia, the method for adjusting the superconducting current direction by changing the rotating direction of the magnetic disk of the rotary magnetic flux pump is difficult to realize high-precision control and is not easy to control the current; the adjustment of the load current is generally achieved by adjusting the rotation speed, the magnetic flux gap, the geometry of the annular magnetic yoke and the width of the stator line, wherein the adjustment of the magnetic flux gap, the geometry of the annular magnetic yoke and the width of the stator line all need to change the load current by changing the structure of the magnetic flux pump, and certain inoperability exists in practice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method of a magnetic flux pump system and a controllable magnetic flux pump system, wherein the method is characterized in that the magnitude and the direction of direct current output of the magnetic flux pump are regulated and controlled by adopting a background magnetic field, so that the magnitude and the direction of load current can be conveniently and effectively controlled without changing the structure of the magnetic flux pump.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a method for controlling a magnetic flux pump system is provided, in which a background magnetic field having a continuously adjustable direction and intensity is applied to a superconducting stator, so that the direction of a current is changed by changing the direction of the background magnetic field, and the magnitude of the current is changed by changing the intensity of the background magnetic field.
In a second aspect, a controllable magnetic flux pump system is provided, comprising a rotary magnetic flux pump, a superconducting stator, a superconducting coil, and a variable magnetic field generating device;
the superconducting stator is connected with the superconducting coil to form a closed loop;
the superconducting stator is located between the rotary magnetic flux pump and the variable magnetic field generating device.
Preferably, the variable magnetic field generating device comprises a direct current coil and an adjustable direct current power supply for supplying power to the direct current coil.
Preferably, the rotary magnetic flux pump comprises a magnetic disk, a connecting rod and a motor, wherein a rotating shaft of the motor is connected with the connecting rod and is coaxial with the connecting rod, the magnetic disk is fixedly sleeved on the connecting rod, a fixing seat is embedded in the center of the magnetic disk and is coaxial with the magnetic disk, the axial length of the fixing seat is greater than that of the magnetic disk, a fixing through hole is formed in a part, which is not contacted with the magnetic disk, of the fixing seat, and the fixing through hole penetrates through the fixing seat.
Preferably, a plurality of grooves are uniformly formed in the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic disk, and permanent magnets are embedded in the grooves.
Preferably, the rotary flux pump further comprises a frequency converter for controlling the motor.
Preferably, the superconducting coil is a single-wire double-cake superconducting coil, and the single-wire double-cake superconducting coil is provided with two wire heads, and the wire heads are used as an inlet or an outlet of current; the superconducting stator and the superconducting coil are both ReBCO strips, and two ends of the superconducting stator are respectively connected with the wire heads.
Preferably, the superconducting stator includes a first surface in contact with a surface of one end of the dc coil and a second surface opposite to the first surface with a gap therebetween.
Preferably, the first surface and the dc coil are disposed in front of the hall element.
Preferably, both ends of the superconducting stator are provided with bending parts.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention has reasonable design and simple structure, and particularly is provided with the variable magnetic field generating device which can generate a constant direct current magnetic field with continuously adjustable direction and intensity, and further can control and adjust the size and the direction of the alternating current traveling wave generated by the rotary magnetic flux pump through the constant direct current magnetic field, namely, the size and the direction of the current in the superconductor can be accurately and conveniently adjusted without contact.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal layout of a controllable magnetic flux pump system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vertical layout of a controllable magnetic flux pump system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a dark rotation structure of a dc coil and a stator according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view and a top view of a disk-superconducting stator-DC coil structure provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal layout of a superconducting coil, a superconducting stator and a dc coil according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a motor-connecting rod-disk configuration provided by the present invention;
icon: the magnetic disk type magnetic disk drive comprises a 1-superconducting stator, a 2-superconducting coil, a 3-direct current coil, a 4-magnetic disk, a 5-connecting rod, a 6-motor, a 7-fixing seat, an 8-permanent magnet and a 9-fixing through hole.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
The superconducting technology has wide application prospect, and how to realize the control and adjustment of superconducting current is a popular research direction in recent years; at present, the control and adjustment of superconducting current mainly comprises the control of the magnitude and direction of the current; current control means include: the direction of the current is regulated by changing the rotation direction of the rotary flux pump disk 4, but since the permanent magnet disk 4 has rotational inertia, it is difficult to realize high-precision control using a method of regulating the superconducting current direction by changing the rotation direction of the rotary flux pump disk 4; the superconducting current is regulated by regulating the rotating speed, the magnetic flux gap, the geometric shape of the annular magnetic yoke, the width of the stator line and the like, but the load current is changed by changing the structure due to the regulation of the magnetic flux gap, the geometric shape of the annular magnetic yoke and the width of the stator line, so that certain inoperability exists in practical application.
Therefore, the method has important significance for the application and popularization of the superconducting technology on the premise of not changing the structure to control the direction and the magnitude of the superconducting current. In view of this, the present invention provides a concept to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Firstly, the present invention provides a method for controlling a magnetic flux pump system, in which a constant background magnetic field with continuously adjustable direction and intensity is applied to a superconducting stator 1, and a dc magnetic field is generally selected as the background magnetic field, so that the magnitude and direction of an ac traveling wave generated by a rotary magnetic flux pump are influenced by the constant dc magnetic field. Correspondingly, the direction of the alternating current traveling wave is changed by changing the magnetic field direction of a constant direct current magnetic field, so that the direction of the pumping current is changed; the magnitude of the alternating current traveling wave is changed by changing the intensity of the constant direct current magnetic field, so that the magnitude of the pumping current is changed. By this method, the change of pumping current can be realized without contact and without changing the structure of the magnetic flux pump system, which enables the superconducting system to be applied to more scenes.
According to the method, the invention also provides a corresponding device for controlling the superconducting current, which is characterized in that the variable background magnetic field generated by the variable magnetic field device is used for influencing the alternating current traveling wave generated by the rotary magnetic flux pump, and the intensity and the direction of the background magnetic field are changed to control the magnitude and the direction of the superconducting current.
In embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1, a controllable magnetic flux pump system provided in fig. 1, a superconducting stator 1 and a superconducting coil 2 are arranged horizontally, and the system includes a rotary magnetic flux pump, a superconducting stator 1, a superconducting coil 2 and a variable magnetic field generating device.
In this embodiment, the superconducting stator 1 is connected to the superconducting coil 2 to form a closed loop; in this embodiment, the superconducting coil 2 is a single-wire double-cake superconducting coil, and this embodiment only shows the case of having one single-wire double-cake superconducting coil, and the parameters and the number of the single-wire double-cake superconducting coils can be adjusted according to the actual situation, so that the description is omitted.
At present, materials of the superconducting stator 1 and the superconducting coil 2 are more selected, the application preferably adopts a ReBCO strip, the superconducting coil 2 obtained by winding the ReBCO strip is provided with two strip line ends, one strip line end is used as an inlet of current, the other strip line end is used as an outlet of current, two ends of the superconducting stator 1 are respectively connected with the strip line ends, so that the superconducting stator 1 and the superconducting coil 2 form a closed loop, when a magnetic flux pump generates a travelling wave magnetic field on the surface of the superconducting stator 1, the travelling wave magnetic field can couple flux quanta in the superconducting stator 1, and when the travelling wave magnetic field advances along one direction, direct current is generated at two ends of the superconducting stator 1, and then direct current is generated in the closed loop.
The superconducting stator 1 is positioned between the rotary magnetic flux pump and the variable magnetic field generating device; the variable magnetic field generating device comprises a direct current coil 3 and an adjustable direct current power supply for supplying power to the direct current coil 3; the superconductive stator 1 is made of ReBCO strip material, so the superconductive stator 1 is in a strip shape, and in the embodiment, the width is 12mm, and the thickness is 220um; neglecting the thickness, taking any one of the two surfaces of the superconducting stator 1 as a first surface, and taking the other surface as a second surface; as shown in fig. 3, the first surface is in contact with the surface of one end of the dc coil 3; the dc coil 3 is generally cylindrical in shape, and as shown in the present embodiment, the dc coil 3 may be effective even if it is a racetrack shape, as is understood by the present invention. A gap of about 1mm is provided between the second surface and the magnetic disk 4, and the size of the gap can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the optimal arrangement positions of the magnetic disk 4, the superconducting stator 1 and the dc coil 3 are shown, wherein the superconducting stator 1 passes through the center or the center of the dc coil 3, and both ends of the superconducting stator 1 are symmetrical with respect to the magnetic disk 4.
Since the superconducting coil 2 and the superconducting stator 1 in the present embodiment adopt a horizontal layout manner, in this embodiment, both ends of the superconducting stator 1 have bending portions, so that the superconducting coil 2 is parallel to the surface of the superconducting stator 1, and as shown in fig. 1, the controllable magnetic flux pump system is divided into three layers, namely, a magnetic flux pump, the superconducting coil 2, the superconducting stator 1 and a direct current coil 3.
Secondly, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, the rotary magnetic flux pump in this embodiment includes a magnetic disk 4, a connecting rod 5 and a motor 6, a rotating shaft of the motor 6 is connected with the connecting rod 5 and is coaxial with the connecting rod 5, the magnetic disk 4 is fixedly sleeved on the connecting rod 5, a fixing seat 7 is embedded in the center of the magnetic disk 4, the fixing seat 7 is coaxial with the magnetic disk 4, the axial length of the fixing seat 7 is greater than that of the magnetic disk 4, a fixing through hole 9 is arranged in a part of the fixing seat 7 which is not contacted with the magnetic disk 4, and the fixing through hole 9 penetrates through the fixing seat 7.
In addition, a plurality of grooves are uniformly formed in the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic disk 4, preferably, 8 grooves are formed in the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic disk, and each groove is embedded with a permanent magnet 8, so that the magnetic disk 4 can continuously generate a traveling wave magnetic field when rotating.
Since the speed at which the magnetic disk 4 rotates needs to be controlled, the rotary magnetic flux pump in this embodiment further includes a frequency converter for controlling the motor 6; if the motor 6 is a three-phase motor 6, the frequency converter is a three-phase frequency converter.
In embodiment 1, since the closed loop formed by the superconducting stator 1 and the superconducting coil 2 needs to be kept in a low temperature state to realize a superconducting state, the closed loop formed by the superconducting stator 1 and the superconducting coil 2 needs to be placed in a low temperature environment, including a low temperature environment realized by liquid nitrogen immersion, refrigeration by a refrigerator, liquid helium or helium cooling, and the like. For example, when the horizontal layout mode is adopted, the superconducting coil 2, the direct current coil 3 and the superconducting stator 1 are immersed in a 77K liquid nitrogen environment in operation, and a rotary magnetic flux pump consisting of the motor 6, the connecting rod 5 and the magnetic disk 4 is placed in the air.
In embodiment 2, referring to fig. 2, in the controllable magnetic flux pump system provided in fig. 2, a vertical layout mode is adopted between the superconducting coil 2 and the superconducting stator 1, which is the biggest difference from the embodiment in that the superconducting stator 1 has no bending portion, an annular closed loop formed by the superconducting stator 1 and the superconducting coil 2 is parallel to the axial direction of the dc coil 3, and the dc coil 3 is located in the annular closed loop; when the embodiment works, the superconducting state can be realized only in a low-temperature environment; for example, when cooling with liquid nitrogen, the magnetic disk 4 and part of the connecting rod 5 need to be in a 77K liquid nitrogen environment due to the structural differences in this embodiment.
In embodiment 3, in addition to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, a hall element may be further provided, where the hall element is disposed between the first surface of the superconducting stator 1 and an end surface of the dc coil 3, and a gap of about 2mm is formed between the first surface and an end surface of the dc coil 3 for accommodating the hall element; the hall element is used for monitoring magnetic field data in the gap in real time.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A controllable magnetic flux pump system, characterized by comprising a rotary magnetic flux pump, a superconducting stator (1), a superconducting coil (2) and a variable magnetic field generating device;
the superconducting stator (1) is connected with the superconducting coil (2) to form a closed loop;
the superconducting stator (1) is positioned between the rotary magnetic flux pump and the variable magnetic field generating device;
the variable magnetic field generating device comprises a direct current coil (3) and an adjustable direct current power supply for supplying power to the direct current coil (3);
the control method of the magnetic flux pump system comprises the following steps: applying a background magnetic field with continuously adjustable direction and intensity to the superconducting stator (1) through a variable magnetic field generating device, wherein the background magnetic field is a constant direct current magnetic field; changing the direction of the alternating current traveling wave by changing the magnetic field direction of a constant direct current magnetic field, thereby changing the direction of pumping current; the magnitude of the alternating current traveling wave is changed by changing the intensity of the constant direct current magnetic field, so that the magnitude of the pumping current is changed.
2. The controllable magnetic flux pump system according to claim 1, wherein the rotary magnetic flux pump comprises a magnetic disk (4), a connecting rod (5) and a motor (6), a rotating shaft of the motor (6) is connected with the connecting rod (5) and is coaxial with the connecting rod, the magnetic disk (4) is fixedly sleeved on the connecting rod (5), a fixing seat (7) is embedded in the center of the magnetic disk (4), the fixing seat (7) is coaxial with the magnetic disk (4), the axial length of the fixing seat (7) is larger than that of the magnetic disk (4), a fixing through hole (9) is formed in a part, which is not contacted with the magnetic disk (4), of the fixing seat (7), and the fixing through hole (9) penetrates through the fixing seat (7).
3. The controllable magnetic flux pump system according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of grooves are uniformly formed in the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic disk (4), and permanent magnets (8) are embedded in the grooves.
4. A controllable magnetic flux pump system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the rotary magnetic flux pump further comprises a frequency converter for controlling the motor (6).
5. The controllable magnetic flux pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that the superconducting coil (2) is a single-wire double-pancake superconducting coil (2), the single-wire double-pancake superconducting coil (2) having two wire ends, the wire ends being an inlet or an outlet for current; the superconducting stator (1) and the superconducting coil (2) are both ReBCO strips, and two ends of the superconducting stator (1) are respectively connected with the wire ends.
6. A controllable magnetic flux pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that the superconducting stator (1) comprises a first surface in contact with a surface of one end of the direct current coil (3) and a second surface opposite to the first surface with a gap between the second surface and the magnetic disk (4).
7. The controllable magnetic flux pump system of claim 6, wherein the first surface is arranged in front of the dc coil (3) in a hall element.
8. A controllable magnetic flux pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that both ends of the superconducting stator (1) have bends.
CN202210342822.2A 2022-04-02 2022-04-02 Magnetic flux pump system control method and controllable magnetic flux pump system Active CN114743750B (en)

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