CN114743699A - Heavy water reactor nuclear power unit fuel channel leakage positioning method - Google Patents
Heavy water reactor nuclear power unit fuel channel leakage positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114743699A CN114743699A CN202210317753.XA CN202210317753A CN114743699A CN 114743699 A CN114743699 A CN 114743699A CN 202210317753 A CN202210317753 A CN 202210317753A CN 114743699 A CN114743699 A CN 114743699A
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- leakage
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 71
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/002—Detection of leaks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/017—Inspection or maintenance of pipe-lines or tubes in nuclear installations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to a method for positioning leakage of a fuel channel of a heavy water reactor nuclear power unit. The total time of gas flowing in the annular space gas system is obtained through the tracer gas, the gas inflow of each channel chain is respectively blocked, the dew point detection of the downstream part of the annular space gas system is carried out in real time, the time length of the pipeline chain with leakage and the time length of leakage water vapor flowing from the leakage part to the downstream part are determined, the leaked fuel sleeve is accurately positioned according to the two time lengths, the complicated operation is not needed, the positioning accuracy is ensured, the pressure pipe is replaced subsequently, the leakage is eliminated, and the economic loss caused by the fact that the leakage channel cannot be effectively positioned in a power station is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to a method for positioning leakage of a fuel channel of a heavy water reactor nuclear power unit.
Background
Generally speaking, a nuclear power unit is provided with a plurality of fuel channels, a pressure pipe is arranged in each fuel channel, a coolant is arranged in each fuel channel, a concentric calandria is arranged outside the pressure pipe, a moderator is arranged outside the calandria, and an annular space formed between the outer surface of the pressure pipe and the inner surface of the calandria is filled with heat-insulating carbon dioxide gas. During normal operation of the unit, the carbon dioxide gas flows at a flow rate of 50mL/s and its dew point slowly rises from-40 ℃ to-10 ℃ over a period of about 2 weeks. When there is a leak in the pressure pipe, the coolant inside the pressure pipe enters the annulus and the rate of dew point rise of the carbon dioxide in the annulus increases.
A schematic of the annular gas system is shown in fig. 1. during normal operation, carbon dioxide is pressurized by the compressor and fed through the 44 rotameters into the 44 network inlets and then from the 44 network inlets into the annular space between the pressure and exhaust tubes of the core. The gas coming out of the annular space between the pressure tube and the discharge tube passes through two leakage indicators and then enters a heat exchanger for cooling the carbon dioxide, the outlet of which is provided with a filter for removing suspended substances from the carbon dioxide and then directly returns to the inlet of the compressor, forming a circulation loop, i.e. an annular space gas system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the method for positioning the leakage of the fuel channel of the heavy water reactor nuclear power unit is provided.
According to an aspect of the disclosed embodiment, a method for positioning leakage of a fuel channel of a heavy water reactor nuclear power unit is provided, and the method includes:
inputting a tracer gas into each channel chain from the upstream of the channel chain, wherein the annular space gas system comprises a plurality of channel chains, each channel chain comprises a plurality of fuel channels which are connected in series, and the channel chains are connected in parallel;
recording a first time period from a time when input of a tracer gas into the annulus gas system is initiated to a time when the tracer gas is detected downstream of the annulus gas system;
for each channel chain, blocking the gas inflow of the channel chain annular space within a preset time, and determining the channel chain as a leaked channel chain if the dew point at the downstream of an annular space gas system changes after the gas inflow of the channel chain annular space is recovered;
for the channel chain with the determined leakage, recording a second time length from the time when the gas starts to recover to flow into the channel chain annular gap to the time when the dew point at the downstream of the annular gap gas system changes after the gas for cutting off the channel chain annular gap flows into the preset time length;
determining the reverse order position of the leaked fuel channel in the channel chain according to the formula I:
d＝[n×Δt2/Δt1]+1 type one
Where d is the reverse position of the leaking fuel channel, i.e. the d-th position of the leaking channel chain starting from the last fuel channel downstream and counting towards the upstream, n is the number of fuel channels in the channel chain, Δ t1Is a first duration, Δ t2For a second duration.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
under the condition of ventilating from the downstream of the annular space gas system to the upstream of the annular space gas system, recording a third time length from the time when gas starts to flow back into the annular space of the channel chain to the time when the dew point at the upstream of the annular space gas system changes after the preset time length of gas flow for cutting off the annular space of the channel chain aiming at the channel chain with the leakage is determined;
determining the positive sequence position of the leaked fuel channel in the channel chain according to the formula II:
c＝[n×Δt3/Δt1]+1 type 2
Where c is the positive sequence position of the leaking fuel channel, i.e. the c-th position of the channel chain with the leaking fuel channel starting from the first fuel channel at the upstream and counting towards the downstream, n is the number of fuel channels in the channel chain, Δ t1For a first duration, Δ t3For a second duration.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
connecting a dew point meter downstream of the chain of passages for which leakage is determined;
installing a cooling device outside a connecting pipeline between each fuel channel in the pipeline chain with determined leakage;
scavenging the annular space gas system until the dew point of the annular space gas system is lower than T1;
after pressurizing the annular space gas system to a preset threshold value, the dew point of the annular space gas system is T2, wherein T2 is far higher than T1;
and sequentially starting the cooling devices on two sides of one fuel channel for each fuel channel of the leaked channel chain, and if the change of the detection value of the dew point instrument meets a preset condition, determining the fuel channel between two currently opened cooling devices as the leaked fuel channel, wherein the cooling temperature of each cooling device is Tc, and T1< Tc < T2.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
connecting a dew point meter to the channel chain downstream of the leak;
scavenging the annular space gas system until the dew point of the annular space gas system is lower than T1;
disassembling water supply pipe connecting flanges at two sides of a fuel channel with leakage confirmed, and installing blind plates at two sides of the fuel channel;
pressurizing the fuel passage to a preset threshold;
if there is a leak in the fuel passage, the dew point indicator will be well above T1;
if there is no leak in the fuel passage, the dew point indicator is unchanged.
The beneficial effect of this disclosure lies in: the total time of gas flowing in the annular space gas system is obtained through the tracer gas, the gas inflow of each channel chain is respectively blocked, the dew point detection of the downstream part of the annular space gas system is carried out in real time, the time length of the pipeline chain with leakage and the time length of leakage water vapor flowing from the leakage part to the downstream part are determined, the leaked fuel sleeve is accurately positioned according to the two time lengths, the complicated operation is not needed, the positioning accuracy is ensured, the pressure pipe is replaced subsequently, the leakage is eliminated, and the economic loss caused by the fact that the leakage channel cannot be effectively positioned in a power station is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heavy water reactor nuclear power plant fuel passage leak location according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heavy water reactor nuclear power plant fuel passage leak location according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heavy water reactor nuclear power plant fuel passage leak location according to an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present disclosure, the annular space gas system includes a plurality of channel chains, each of which includes a plurality of fuel channels connected in series with each other (in each of the channel chains, the fuel channels are connected in series with each other through a connecting line), each of the channel chains is connected in parallel with each other,
firstly, a source of trace gas (which may be oxygen gas, for example) may be connected upstream of each channel chain, a detection device for the trace gas may be installed between the downstream of each channel chain and the compressor (if oxygen gas is used as the trace gas, an oxygen detection device provided in the annular space gas system may be selected, thereby saving costs), the trace gas is supplied to the channel from the upstream of the channel chain, the trace gas flows from the upstream to the detection device downstream of the channel chain through the tubes of the tube chain in sequence, the timing may be started when the introduction of the trace gas is started from upstream, and ended when the detection means detects a change in the concentration of the trace gas, a first time period is recorded from a time when the introduction of the tracer gas into the annulus gas system is initiated upstream to a time when the tracer gas is detected downstream of the annulus gas system. It should be noted that the upstream and downstream of the pipeline chain may be selected as required, as long as the first period of time is recorded to reflect the time that the tracer gas circulates in the complete pipeline chain.
For each channel chain, blocking gas inflow of the channel chain annular gap within a preset time, and under the condition that a fuel channel leaks, the heavy water dew point leaked by the fuel channel continuously rises during the period of blocking gas inflow of the fuel channel, so that if the dew point monitored by a dew point meter arranged at the downstream of an annular gap gas system changes after gas inflow of the channel chain annular gap is recovered, the channel chain is determined to be the channel chain with leakage;
for the channel chain with the determined leakage, recording a second time length from the time when the gas starts to recover to flow into the channel chain annular gap to the time when the dew point at the downstream of the annular gap gas system changes after the gas for cutting off the channel chain annular gap flows into the preset time length;
determining the reverse order position of the leaked fuel channel in the channel chain according to the formula I:
d＝[n×Δt2/Δt1]+1 type one
Where d is the reverse position of the leaking fuel channel, i.e. the d-th position of the leaking channel chain starting from the last fuel channel downstream and counting towards the upstream, n is the number of fuel channels in the channel chain, Δ t1Is a first duration, Δ t2For a second duration.
The total time of gas flowing in the annular space gas system is obtained through the tracer gas, the gas inflow of each channel chain is respectively blocked, the dew point detection of the downstream part of the annular space gas system is carried out in real time, the time length of the pipeline chain with leakage and the time length of leakage water vapor flowing from the leakage part to the downstream part are determined, the leaked fuel sleeve is accurately positioned according to the two time lengths, the complicated operation is not needed, the positioning accuracy is ensured, the pressure pipe is replaced subsequently, the leakage is eliminated, and the economic loss caused by the fact that the leakage channel cannot be effectively positioned in a power station is reduced.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heavy water reactor nuclear power plant fuel passage leak location according to an exemplary embodiment. In the case of a leakage path chain being defined, the upstream of the leakage path chain can be temporarily blocked off from the compressor, a dew point meter can be switched on upstream of the leakage path chain, and the compressor can be used to feed gas into the leakage path chain from the downstream to the upstream direction of the leakage path chain.
Under the condition of ventilating from the downstream of the annular space gas system to the upstream of the annular space gas system, recording a third time length from the time when gas starts to resume flowing into an annular space of a channel chain to the time when a dew point at the upstream of the annular space gas system changes after the gas for blocking the annular space of the channel chain flows into a preset time length for the channel chain determined to have leakage;
next, the positive sequence position of the leaking fuel channel in the channel chain may be determined according to equation two:
c＝[n×Δt3/Δt1]+1 type 2
Where c is the positive sequence position of the leaking fuel channel, i.e. the c-th position of the chain of channels where the leaking fuel channel starts from the first fuel channel upstream and counts towards the downstream, n is the number of fuel channels in the chain, Δ t1For a first duration, Δ t3For a second duration.
Under the condition that the leaked fuel channel is accurately positioned, n is c + d-1 according to the verification of the first formula and the second formula, so that after the reverse position of the leaked fuel channel is determined, the positioned leakage channel can be verified by a reverse ventilation method, the positioning accuracy is ensured, conditions are created for subsequent pressure pipe replacement, leakage is eliminated, and economic loss caused by the fact that a power station cannot effectively position the leakage channel is reduced.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a heavy water reactor nuclear power plant fuel passage leak location according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the method further comprises:
the dew point meter is connected to the channel chain downstream of the determined leak, and the channel chain downstream is communicated with the atmosphere through the dew point meter.
Cooling devices (e.g., freeze 1, freeze 2, freeze 3, and freeze 4 in fig. 3) are installed outside the connecting lines between the fuel passages in the piping chain for which a leak is determined.
Scavenging the annular space gas system until the dew point of the annular space gas system is lower than T1;
after pressurizing the annular space gas system to a preset threshold value, the dew point of the annular space gas system is T2, wherein T2 is far higher than T1;
and sequentially starting the cooling devices on two sides of one fuel channel for each fuel channel of the leaked channel chain, and if the change of the detection value of the dew point instrument meets a preset condition, determining the fuel channel between two currently opened cooling devices as the leaked fuel channel, wherein the cooling temperature of each cooling device is Tc, and T1< Tc < T2.
Therefore, after the reverse position of the leaked fuel channel is determined, the positioned leakage channel can be further verified more accurately by a freezing method, the suspected channel range can be gradually reduced by using the three positioning modes without principles, mutual verification is realized, the positioning accuracy is ensured, conditions are created for subsequent pressure pipe replacement, leakage is eliminated, and economic loss caused by the fact that the leakage channel cannot be effectively positioned in a power station is reduced.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
connecting a dew point meter to the channel chain downstream of the leak;
scavenging the annular space gas system until the dew point of the annular space gas system is lower than T1;
disassembling water supply pipe connecting flanges at two sides of a fuel channel with leakage confirmed, and installing blind plates at two sides of the fuel channel;
pressurizing the fuel passage to a preset threshold (where the preset threshold may be obtained, for example, from empirical data, and the disclosure does not limit the specific value of the preset threshold);
if there is a leak in the fuel passage, the dew point indicator will be well above T1;
if there is no leak in the fuel passage, the dew point indicator is unchanged.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terms used herein were chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or technical improvements to the techniques in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (4)
1. A method for positioning leakage of a fuel channel of a heavy water reactor nuclear power unit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
inputting a tracer gas into each channel chain from the upstream of the channel chain, wherein the annular space gas system comprises a plurality of channel chains, each channel chain comprises a plurality of fuel channels which are connected in series, and the channel chains are connected in parallel;
recording a first time period from a time when input of a tracer gas into the annulus gas system is initiated to a time when the tracer gas is detected downstream of the annulus gas system;
for each channel chain, blocking the gas inflow of the channel chain annular space within a preset time, and determining the channel chain as a leaked channel chain if the dew point at the downstream of an annular space gas system changes after the gas inflow of the channel chain annular space is recovered;
for the channel chain with the determined leakage, recording a second time length from the time when the gas starts to recover to flow into the channel chain annular gap to the time when the dew point at the downstream of the annular gap gas system changes after the gas for cutting off the channel chain annular gap flows into the preset time length;
determining the reverse order position of the leaked fuel channel in the channel chain according to the formula I:
d＝[n×Δt2/Δt1]+1 type one
Where d is the reverse position of the leaking fuel channel, i.e. the d-th position of the leaking channel chain starting from the last fuel channel downstream and counting towards the upstream, n is the number of fuel channels in the channel chain, Δ t1Is a first duration, Δ t2For a second duration.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
under the condition of ventilating from the downstream of the annular space gas system to the upstream of the annular space gas system, recording a third time length from the time when gas starts to flow back into the annular space of the channel chain to the time when the dew point at the upstream of the annular space gas system changes after the preset time length of gas flow for cutting off the annular space of the channel chain aiming at the channel chain with the leakage is determined;
determining the positive sequence position of the leaked fuel channel in the channel chain according to the formula II:
c＝[n×Δt3/Δt1]+1 formula two
Where c is the positive sequence position of the leaking fuel channel, i.e. the c-th position of the chain of channels where the leaking fuel channel starts from the first fuel channel upstream and counts towards the downstream, n is the number of fuel channels in the chain, Δ t1Is a first duration, Δ t3For a second duration.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
connecting a dew point meter downstream of the chain of passages for which leakage is determined;
installing a cooling device outside a connecting pipeline between each fuel channel in the pipeline chain with determined leakage;
scavenging the annular space gas system until the dew point of the annular space gas system is lower than T1;
after pressurizing the annular space gas system to a preset threshold value, the dew point of the annular space gas system is T2, wherein T2 is far higher than T1;
and sequentially starting the cooling devices on two sides of one fuel channel for each fuel channel of the leaked channel chain, and determining the fuel channel between the two currently opened cooling devices as the leaked fuel channel if the change of the detection value of the dew point instrument meets a preset condition, wherein the cooling temperature of each cooling device is Tc, and T1< Tc < T2.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:
connecting a dew point meter to the channel chain downstream of the leak;
scavenging the annular space gas system until the dew point of the annular space gas system is lower than T1;
disassembling water supply pipe connecting flanges at two sides of a fuel channel with leakage confirmed, and installing blind plates at two sides of the fuel channel;
pressurizing the fuel passage to a preset threshold;
if there is a leak in this fuel passage, the dew point indication will be well above T1;
if there is no leak in the fuel passage, the dew point indicator is unchanged.
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| CN114110439A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-01 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for detecting leakage of main gas pipeline by using pressure drop rate at cut-off valve |
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2022
- 2022-03-29 CN CN202210317753.XA patent/CN114743699A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005249708A (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2005-09-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | Gas leakage detector of high-pressure tank system |
| CN107532965A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2018-01-02 | 普发真空公司 | Leakage detector and the method for detection leakage |
| RU2592741C1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-07-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Тихоокеанский океанологический институт им. В.И. Ильичева Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук (ТОИ ДВО РАН) | Hydroacoustic station for detection and location of gas leaks |
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