CN114741761A - Plant structure restoration method based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling - Google Patents
Plant structure restoration method based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling Download PDFInfo
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- CN114741761A CN114741761A CN202210399042.1A CN202210399042A CN114741761A CN 114741761 A CN114741761 A CN 114741761A CN 202210399042 A CN202210399042 A CN 202210399042A CN 114741761 A CN114741761 A CN 114741761A
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
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- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/20—Finite element generation, e.g. wire-frame surface description, tesselation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a factory building structure restoration method based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling, which comprises the following steps: performing on-site investigation on a plant and scanning plant data by three-dimensional laser; carrying out point cloud splicing processing on the scanning data, uniformly registering the scanning data to the same coordinate system, and carrying out point cloud denoising processing to obtain a point cloud model; the method comprises the steps of obtaining point cloud data based on a point cloud model, analyzing and processing the obtained point cloud data through BIM software, reversely building to form a reverse building model based on original structure stress analysis, matching the reverse building model with the point cloud model again, analyzing errors and correcting data to obtain an original factory building BIM model, and achieving factory building restoration. According to the method, through the combination of three-dimensional laser scanning and the BIM reverse modeling technology, the internal and external structure sizes of the original factory building can be efficiently and accurately obtained, the BIM model of the original factory building is obtained through comparison and correction of the reverse modeling model and the point cloud model, the accuracy is higher, and accurate information is provided for subsequent design and construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a factory building structure restoration method based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling.
Background
At present, in the process of transforming old plants, data extraction is generally required to be carried out on information such as external structures and internal structures of plant buildings. When the project modification relates to the contents of main structure, electromechanical pipeline updating, facade beautifying, municipal facility matching optimization and the like, details are complicated, the design and construction need accurate original building basic data, but the current drawing and the current situation of a factory building structure used for a long time are often inconsistent, and design conflict or rework can be caused in the design and construction of the structure and the electromechanical pipeline.
In the traditional sizing technology, the large measurement error can cause the overlarge data deviation of the building shape, and the traditional sizing technology has the disadvantages of large workload, high cost and long period; and the working efficiency is lower when the elevation information of the building is comprehensively obtained by the measuring mode of the laser total station. Therefore, the requirements of project transformation progress and precision cannot be met by the two modes.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the problems of large error, large workload, long period and low efficiency of a laser total station measuring mode in the prior art in the traditional ruler technology, so that a factory building structure restoration method based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling is provided, the positioning information of the beam column and the outer vertical face of the original factory building can be rapidly obtained through the three-dimensional laser scanning and the BIM model reversely built, and 'physical restoration' is realized, thereby effectively assisting the design and construction of the structure and the electromechanical pipeline.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a plant structure restoration method based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling, including the following steps:
s1, performing on-site investigation on the plant and three-dimensionally scanning plant data by laser;
s2, carrying out point cloud splicing processing on the scanning data, uniformly registering the scanning data into the same coordinate system, and carrying out point cloud denoising processing to obtain a complete point cloud model;
s3, point cloud data are obtained based on the point cloud model, the obtained point cloud data are analyzed and processed through BIM software, reverse building is conducted to form a reverse building model based on original structure stress analysis, the reverse building model is matched with the point cloud model again, errors are analyzed, data are corrected, the original factory building BIM model is obtained, and factory building restoration is achieved.
Optionally, the step S3 includes:
and carrying out format processing on the point cloud model to derive three-dimensional point cloud data with a set format, importing the three-dimensional point cloud into Revit to adjust the plane and the facade positions, setting parameters, drawing a plane diagram in the Revit according to the point cloud arrangement positions, rebuilding an original building structure and forming an original factory building BIM model so as to realize restoration of the factory building.
Optionally, the step S3 includes: and carrying out format processing on the point cloud model to derive two-dimensional slice data with a set format, and interacting with CAD software.
Optionally, the point cloud splicing in step S2 is performed by combining target-based splicing and point cloud view-based splicing, wherein part of target damage sites are subjected to point cloud view-based splicing.
Optionally, the point cloud denoising in the step S2 includes: and (4) reserving effective points of the original point cloud and deleting ineffective points by using Scene software deletion and Recap tools.
Optionally, the original building structure created in step S3 includes outer contour structural columns and/or structural beams and/or walls and/or facade doors and windows and/or roofs of a factory building.
Optionally, the step S1 includes the following steps:
s11, performing on-site investigation on the plant and collecting the surrounding environment form and the internal structure condition of the plant;
s12, preliminarily making a three-dimensional laser scanning route and laying scanning stations according to the reconnaissance condition of the step S11;
and S13, scanning and collecting the data of the external facade and the internal structure of the factory building by using the laser scanner along the scanning route and the scanning station which are set in the S12.
Optionally, characterized in that said step S1 is performed by three-dimensional laser scanning with a phase three-dimensional scanner.
Optionally, the plant structure restoration method based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling further includes the following steps: and S4, deriving a plane drawing and/or a facade drawing based on the obtained original factory building BIM model.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for restoring the factory building structure based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling can efficiently and accurately obtain the sizes of the internal and external structures of the old factory building, utilizes the thought of reverse modeling to create an accurate model, obtains the BIM model of the original factory building through comparison and correction of the new model and the old model, has higher accuracy, provides accurate information for subsequent design and construction, and avoids collision and conflict between the new structure and the original structure and an electromechanical design process.
2. The point cloud data reverse modeling recovers the three-dimensional model of the existing structure, saves a large amount of manpower compared with the traditional ruler measurement and total station measurement, effectively shortens the construction period, and improves the working efficiency of real scene restoration in the transformation process of the existing complex factory building.
3. Plane and/or elevation drawings are derived based on the obtained BIM model of the original factory building, and the drawings can be updated and retained for the old factory building.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a factory building structure restoration method based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of S1 performing an on-site survey of a plant and three-dimensional laser scanning of plant data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a factory building structure restoration method based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for restoring a plant structure based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling, including the following steps:
and S1, performing on-site investigation on the plant and three-dimensionally scanning plant data by laser.
And S2, performing point cloud splicing processing on the scanning data, uniformly registering the scanning data in the same coordinate system, and performing point cloud denoising processing to obtain a complete point cloud model.
And S3, point cloud data are obtained based on the point cloud model, the obtained point cloud data are analyzed and processed through BIM software, reverse reconstruction is conducted to form a reverse reconstruction model based on original structure stress analysis, the reverse reconstruction model is matched with the point cloud model again, errors are analyzed, data are corrected, and an original factory building BIM model is obtained to achieve factory building restoration.
Through the steps, based on the combination of three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling technology, the sizes of the internal structure and the external structure of the original plant can be efficiently and accurately obtained, the point cloud data obtained based on the point cloud model is processed and analyzed by utilizing BIM software, the reverse reconstructed model is matched with the point cloud model again, errors are analyzed, and data are corrected, so that a building three-dimensional model with higher precision can be obtained, the restoration precision of the plant is improved through comparison of new models and old models, accurate information is provided for subsequent dismantling and redesign, and the design and construction of structures and electromechanical pipelines can be effectively assisted.
Optionally, the step S3 includes: and carrying out format processing on the point cloud model to derive three-dimensional point cloud data with a set format, importing the three-dimensional point cloud into Revit to adjust the plane and the facade positions, setting parameters, drawing a plane diagram in the Revit according to the point cloud arrangement positions, rebuilding an original building structure and forming an original factory building BIM model so as to realize restoration of the factory building.
Optionally, the step S3 includes: and carrying out format processing on the point cloud model to derive two-dimensional slice data with a set format, and interacting with CAD software.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step S3 includes three-dimensional modeling, and the three-dimensional modeling includes the following steps:
(1) importing the three-dimensional point cloud in the rcp format into Revit to adjust the positions of the plane and the vertical surface, setting parameters, and drawing a plane diagram in the Revit according to the point cloud arrangement position;
(2) building an original building structure;
optionally, the original building structure created in step S3 includes outer contour structural columns and/or structural beams and/or walls and/or facade doors and windows and/or roofs of a factory building.
The BIM model built reversely can quickly and accurately obtain information such as beam columns and outer vertical surface positioning of an old factory building, physical recovery is achieved, design and construction of structures and electromechanical pipelines can be effectively assisted, a large amount of labor is saved compared with traditional size and total station measurement, and the construction period is effectively shortened.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the point cloud splicing in step S2 is performed by combining target-based splicing and point cloud view-based splicing, where some target damage sites are subjected to point cloud view-based splicing.
There are generally two ways to stitch point clouds: target-based stitching and point cloud-based view stitching. The embodiment is mainly based on target splicing, and partial target damage sites are spliced based on point cloud views.
Optionally, the point cloud denoising in the step S2 includes: and (4) reserving effective points of the original point cloud and deleting ineffective points by using Scene software deletion and Recap tools.
The original point cloud of the scanner often includes a plurality of points which have adverse effects on the achievement processing, effective points can be reserved and invalid points can be deleted in the denoising process, and the point cloud optimization can be performed through the point cloud denoising in the step S2.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the step S1 includes the following steps:
s11, performing on-site investigation on the plant and collecting the surrounding environment form and the internal structure condition of the plant;
s12, preliminarily making a three-dimensional laser scanning route and laying scanning stations according to the reconnaissance condition of the step S11;
and S13, scanning and collecting the data of the external facade and the internal structure of the factory building by using the laser scanner along the scanning route and the scanning station which are set in the S12.
Optionally, the step S1 is to perform three-dimensional laser scanning by a phase three-dimensional scanner.
The three-dimensional laser scanning technology is also called as a real scene replication technology, and is a new breakthrough of a mapping technology after a GPS space positioning system. The method rapidly acquires the three-dimensional coordinate data of the surface of the measured object in a large area and high resolution manner by a high-speed laser scanning measurement method. The method can quickly and massively acquire space point location information, provides a brand new technical means for quickly establishing a three-dimensional model of an object, and has the characteristics of rapidity, non-contact property, penetrability, real-time property, dynamic property, initiative property, high density, high precision, digitization, automation and the like.
The three-dimensional laser scanner can rapidly obtain the spatial three-dimensional coordinates of each sampling point on the surface of the measured object, and obtain a sampling point (discrete point) set of the measured object, which is called as a distance image or a point cloud. And connecting adjacent discrete points to form an irregular triangular network (TIN) stereo model or further form a regular Grid (Grid) stereo model. The TIN/Grid three-dimensional model is suitable for visualization of various conditions, and various color textures are easily pasted on the surface of the TIN/Grid three-dimensional model. Three-dimensional characteristics are extracted from the point cloud model, so that a three-dimensional model of a target can be conveniently constructed, and space simulation, virtual reality, industrial detection and the like are performed. Three-dimensional laser scanners can be classified into the following two categories according to the principle of laser ranging: the phase type three-dimensional laser scanner based on the phase difference distance measuring principle and the pulse type three-dimensional laser scanner based on the laser flight time difference.
The performance of the scanner varies greatly according to the principle of distance measurement. The application field of the pulse type scanner is mainly the environment with large requirements on mines, landslides and the like but no high requirement (more than or equal to 10mm) on precision; the phase scanning is mainly applied to the fields with higher precision requirement (less than or equal to 2mm), such as buildings, factories, chemical engineering and the like.
The embodiment selects the phase type three-dimensional laser scanner suitable for the building field so as to meet the precision requirements of the specialties of structure, decoration, electromechanics and the like in the building field.
Optionally, the step S1 applies a three-dimensional laser scanning technique to perform a closed-circuit scanning measurement along the building and the construction space.
Further, the factory building structure restoration method based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling further comprises the following steps: and S4, deriving a plane and/or elevation drawing based on the obtained BIM model of the original factory building.
Plane and/or elevation drawings are derived based on the obtained BIM model of the original factory building, and the drawings can be updated and retained for the old factory building.
As shown in fig. 3, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the method for restoring a plant structure based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling includes the following steps:
(1) field investigation: carrying out on-site investigation on the plant and collecting the surrounding environment form and the internal structure condition of the plant;
(2) arranging control points: preliminarily making a three-dimensional laser scanning route and laying scanning control points according to the field survey condition;
(3) target layout: and laying targets according to a three-dimensional laser scanning route map made according to the field investigation condition.
(4) Data scanning: and carrying out closed-circuit three-dimensional laser scanning measurement along a building and a constructed space by using a phase type three-dimensional scanner.
(5) Point cloud splicing: and carrying out point cloud splicing processing on the scanning data, uniformly registering the scanning data to the same coordinate system, and carrying out point cloud denoising processing to obtain a complete point cloud model. The point cloud splicing adopts a mode of combining target-based splicing and point cloud view-based splicing, mainly adopts target-based splicing, and adopts point cloud view-based splicing for part of target damage sites; point cloud denoising comprises: and (4) reserving effective points of the original point cloud and deleting ineffective points by using Scene software deletion and Recap tools.
(6) Data export: and carrying out format processing on the point cloud model to derive three-dimensional point cloud data in a set format.
(7) Revit modeling: importing the three-dimensional point cloud in the rcp format into Revit to adjust the positions of the plane and the vertical surface, setting parameters, and drawing a plane diagram in the Revit according to the point cloud arrangement position; the rebuilt original building structure comprises outer contour structural columns of a factory building, and/or structural beams, and/or walls, and/or facade doors, windows and/or roofs.
(8) Data matching analysis: and processing and analyzing the point cloud data obtained based on the point cloud model by using BIM software, reversely building the model, matching the reversely built model with the point cloud model again, analyzing errors and correcting data to obtain a high-precision building three-dimensional model. The accuracy of plant restoration is improved by comparing the new model with the old model, accurate information is provided for subsequent dismantling and redesign, and the design and construction of a structure and an electromechanical pipeline can be effectively assisted.
(9) And (3) deriving a model: plane and/or elevation drawings are derived based on the obtained BIM model of the original factory building, so that the drawings are updated and retained for the old factory building.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A factory building structure restoration method based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing on-site investigation on the plant and three-dimensionally scanning plant data by laser;
s2, carrying out point cloud registration processing on the scanning data, uniformly registering the scanning data into the same coordinate system, and carrying out point cloud denoising processing to obtain a complete point cloud model;
and S3, point cloud data are obtained based on the point cloud model, the obtained point cloud data are analyzed and processed through BIM software, reverse reconstruction is conducted to form a reverse reconstruction model based on original structure stress analysis, the reverse reconstruction model is matched with the point cloud model again, errors are analyzed, data are corrected, and an original factory building BIM model is obtained to achieve factory building restoration.
2. The method for restoring factory building structure based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step S3 comprises:
and carrying out format processing on the point cloud model to derive three-dimensional point cloud data with a set format, importing the three-dimensional point cloud into Revit to adjust the plane and the facade positions, setting parameters, drawing a plane diagram in the Revit according to the point cloud arrangement positions, rebuilding an original building structure and forming an original factory building BIM model so as to realize restoration of the factory building.
3. The method for restoring factory building structure based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step S3 comprises:
and carrying out format processing on the point cloud model to derive two-dimensional slice data with a set format, and interacting with CAD software.
4. The method for restoring a plant structure based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the point cloud splicing in step S2 is performed by combining target-based splicing and point cloud view-based splicing, wherein part of target damage sites are subjected to point cloud view-based splicing.
5. The method for plant structure restoration based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the point cloud denoising in the step S2 comprises:
and (4) reserving effective points of the original point cloud and deleting ineffective points by using Scene software deletion and Recap tools.
6. The method for restoring factory building structures based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling according to claim 2, wherein the original building structures reconstructed in the step S3 comprise factory building outer contour structural columns and/or structural beams and/or walls and/or facade doors and windows and/or roofs.
7. The method for restoring factory building structure based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the step S1 comprises the following steps:
s11, performing on-site investigation on the plant and collecting the surrounding environment form and the internal structure condition of the plant;
s12, preliminarily making a three-dimensional laser scanning route and laying scanning stations according to the reconnaissance condition of the step S11;
and S13, scanning and collecting the data of the external facade and the internal structure of the factory building by using the laser scanner along the scanning route and the scanning station established in the S12.
8. The method for recovering factory building structure based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the step S1 is to perform three-dimensional laser scanning by a phase three-dimensional scanner.
9. The method for restoring a plant structure based on three-dimensional laser scanning and BIM reverse modeling according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising the following steps:
and S4, deriving a plane and/or elevation drawing based on the obtained BIM model of the original factory building.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115560690A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2023-01-03 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | Structural object overall deformation analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technology |
| CN117308821A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 江苏华辉建筑装饰工程有限公司 | Building decoration modeling precision inspection method and system based on scanner |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115560690A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2023-01-03 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | Structural object overall deformation analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technology |
| CN115560690B (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2024-02-02 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | Structure integral deformation analysis method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technology |
| CN117308821A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 江苏华辉建筑装饰工程有限公司 | Building decoration modeling precision inspection method and system based on scanner |
| CN117308821B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-06 | 江苏华辉建筑装饰工程有限公司 | Building decoration modeling precision inspection method and system based on scanner |
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