CN114740932A - Output power supply voltage stabilization feedback system - Google Patents
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- CN114740932A CN114740932A CN202210428233.6A CN202210428233A CN114740932A CN 114740932 A CN114740932 A CN 114740932A CN 202210428233 A CN202210428233 A CN 202210428233A CN 114740932 A CN114740932 A CN 114740932A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/561—Voltage to current converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a voltage stabilization feedback system of an output power supply, and relates to the technical field of power supply output systems. The system, comprising: the circuit comprises an optical coupler, a voltage stabilizing diode, a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor. A first input end of the optocoupler is connected with one end of the third resistor; the second input end of the optocoupler is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode; the first output end of the optocoupler and the second output end of the optocoupler are both connected with a pulse width modulation unit of the power supply; the reference end of the voltage stabilizing diode is respectively connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor; the other end of the first resistor and the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode are both grounded; the other end of the second resistor is connected with a load end voltage feedback sampling point; the other end of the third resistor is connected with an output voltage end of the power supply, wherein a load end voltage feedback sampling point is a node of the output wire and the load. The invention can perform feedback regulation on the output voltage of the power supply and realize the stable control on the voltage of the load end.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power output systems, in particular to a voltage stabilization feedback system of an output power supply.
Background
With the continuous development of electronic technology and information technology, more and more electronic devices enter the daily work and life of people, the degree of social informatization is higher and higher, and the electronic devices become an indispensable part of the daily work and life of people. The power supply can be called the heart of electronic equipment, particularly the fields of precision instruments, display equipment and the like, and the requirement of the power supply on meeting the rated output voltage range is very important.
However, under the conditions of large output power supply current and long output wires, the output voltage of the power supply equipment reaches a load end through the output wires, because the output wire conductor has resistance, voltage difference can be generated after the current flows, and thus the voltage of the load end and the voltage of the power supply output end are inconsistent, so that the voltage of the load end cannot be accurately controlled, and great influence can be generated on an electric load with requirements on a voltage stability coefficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a voltage stabilization feedback system of an output power supply, which is used for avoiding the problem of unstable load end voltage caused by pressure difference generated due to wire transmission loss and realizing accurate control of the load end voltage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an output power supply regulated feedback system, the system comprising: the circuit comprises an optical coupler, a voltage stabilizing diode, a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor;
a first input end of the optocoupler is connected with one end of the third resistor; the second input end of the optocoupler is connected with the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode; the first output end of the optical coupler and the second output end of the optical coupler are both connected with a pulse width modulation unit of a power supply;
the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is grounded; the reference end of the voltage stabilizing diode is respectively connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor;
the other end of the first resistor is grounded;
the other end of the second resistor is connected with a load end voltage feedback sampling point; the load end voltage feedback sampling point is a node of an output wire and a load;
the other end of the third resistor is connected with an output voltage end of the power supply;
the voltage stabilizing diode is used for adjusting the current of the optical coupler according to the voltage change of the load end voltage feedback sampling point; the optical coupler is used for controlling the pulse width modulation unit according to current change so as to perform feedback regulation on the output voltage of the power supply.
Optionally, the system further comprises: a switch;
the moving end of the switch is connected with the other end of the second resistor; a first fixed end of the switch is connected with a voltage feedback sampling point of the load end; the second fixed end of the switch is connected with a power supply end voltage feedback sampling point; the power supply terminal voltage feedback sampling point is connected with an output voltage terminal of the power supply;
when the load needs to be stabilized, the movable end is connected with the first fixed end; and when the load does not need voltage stabilization, the movable end is connected with the second fixed end.
Optionally, the optical coupler comprises: a light emitting diode and a photo transistor;
the light emitting diode is arranged corresponding to the photosensitive triode;
the two ends of the light emitting diode are respectively a first input end and a second input end of the optocoupler; two ends of the phototriode are respectively a first output end and a second output end of the optocoupler;
the light emitting diode is used for adjusting the light emitting quantity according to the current change; the phototriode is used for adjusting the switching frequency according to the light emission quantity; the switching frequency is used to control the pulse width modulation unit.
Optionally, the system further comprises: a fourth resistor;
one end of the fourth resistor is connected with the first input end of the optocoupler and one end of the third resistor respectively; the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the second input end of the optocoupler and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode respectively.
Optionally, the system further comprises: a polar capacitor;
the positive electrode of the polar capacitor is connected with the output voltage end of the power supply; and the negative electrode of the polar capacitor is grounded.
Optionally, the system further comprises: an output diode;
the anode of the output diode is connected with the secondary end of the isolation transformer of the power supply; the cathode of the output diode is connected with the other end of the third resistor; and the cathode of the output diode is an output voltage end of the power supply.
Optionally, the zener diode has model number TL 431.
Optionally, the type of the optocoupler is TLP521 or PC 817.
Optionally, the resistance value of the third resistor is 6k Ω; the resistance value of the fourth resistor is 3k omega.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a voltage stabilization feedback system of an output power supply, which comprises: the circuit comprises an optical coupler, a voltage stabilizing diode, a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor. The first input end of the optocoupler is connected with one end of the third resistor; the second input end of the optocoupler is connected with the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode; the first output end of the optocoupler and the second output end of the optocoupler are both connected with a pulse width modulation unit of the power supply; the reference end of the voltage stabilizing diode is respectively connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor; the other end of the second resistor is connected with a load end voltage feedback sampling point; the other end of the third resistor is connected with the output voltage end of the power supply. The invention takes the node of the output wire and the load as the voltage feedback sampling point of the load end, and utilizes the voltage stabilizing diode to adjust the current of the optocoupler according to the voltage change of the sampling point, so that the optocoupler controls the pulse width modulation unit according to the current change to perform feedback adjustment on the output voltage of the power supply, and the stable control on the voltage of the load end can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a voltage stabilization feedback system of an output power supply provided by the invention.
Description of the symbols: the circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing diode-U1, an optocoupler-U2, a first resistor-R1, a second resistor-R2, a third resistor-R3, a fourth resistor-R4, a polar capacitor-C1, an output diode-D1, a switch-S, a load end voltage feedback sampling point-P, a power end voltage feedback sampling point-Q and an output voltage end-V.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an output power supply voltage stabilization feedback system which is suitable for an AC/DC power supply output control system to avoid the problem of unstable load terminal voltage caused by pressure difference generated due to wire transmission loss and realize accurate control of the load terminal voltage.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
In a specific situation, for example, when the distance between the power supply equipment and the load is too far, the power supply needs to be connected with the load by using the output wire, and because the output wire has resistance, a voltage difference is generated between the power supply and the load by using the output wire connection. For example, a common power source 12Vdc, when outputting heavy load, the voltage of a test load terminal is 11.56V, the voltage of a power source terminal is 12.3V, when outputting no load, the voltage of a power source terminal is 12.3V, and the voltage of a load terminal is 12.3V, obviously, the voltage generated when heavy load current flows through an output wire is lost by the output wire.
Since the differential pressure is related to the wire material, the section S, the length L, the negative current I, etc., it is currently common to increase the number of output wires, so as to increase the cross-sectional area of the conductor by changing the phase, thereby reducing the differential pressure as much as possible. The individual wire resistance can be calculated by the formula R resistivity L/S, where the resistivity is related to the wire material, e.g., 0.0172 Ω m for copper wire and 0.0283 Ω m for aluminum wire. Further, by calculating the voltage drop of a single wire according to the formula U-RI, it can be found that when the current flowing through the output wire changes, the voltage drop on the output wire is also affected, and the voltage loss on the output wire is proportional to the current flowing through the output wire.
Therefore, under the condition that the output current of the output power supply is large, the voltage difference can be generated between the power supply and the load through the output wire, the voltage obtained by the load is inconsistent with the actual power supply output end due to the partial voltage difference, and the voltage difference can not be accurately controlled under the use scene that the load has the precision requirement on the voltage by adopting the means for reducing the voltage difference provided by the prior art.
Therefore, under the use environment that specific voltage is required to be stable, a power supply system which can completely avoid voltage difference caused by loss of transmission wires is urgently needed, so that the voltage of the load end after being transmitted by the output wires can meet the requirement of the load.
The invention provides a voltage stabilization feedback system of an output power supply, fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the voltage stabilization feedback system of the output power supply provided by the invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the system comprises: the circuit comprises an optical coupler U2, a voltage-stabilizing diode U1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3.
A first input end of the optocoupler U2 is connected with one end of the third resistor R3; a second input end of the optocoupler U2 is connected with a cathode of the zener diode U1; and a first output end of the optical coupler U2 and a second output end of the optical coupler U2 are both connected with a pulse width modulation unit of a power supply. The anode of the voltage stabilizing diode U1 is grounded; the reference end of the zener diode U1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the second resistor R2, respectively. The other end of the first resistor R1 is grounded. The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with a load end voltage feedback sampling point P; the load end voltage feedback sampling point P is a node of an output wire and a load; and the voltage of the load terminal voltage feedback sampling point P is equal to the input voltage of the load. The other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with an output voltage end V of the power supply. The voltage stabilizing diode U1 is used for adjusting the current of the optocoupler U2 according to the voltage change of the load terminal voltage feedback sampling point P; the optocoupler U2 is used for controlling the pulse width modulation unit according to current change so as to perform feedback regulation on the output voltage of the power supply.
Further, the optical coupler U2 includes: a light emitting diode and a photo transistor. The light emitting diode is arranged corresponding to the photosensitive triode. Two ends of the light emitting diode are respectively a first input end and a second input end of the optocoupler U2; and the two ends of the phototriode are respectively a first output end and a second output end of the optocoupler U2. The light emitting diode is used for adjusting the light emitting quantity according to the current change; the phototriode is used for adjusting the switching frequency according to the light emission quantity; the switching frequency is used to control the pulse width modulation unit.
Specifically, when alternating current at the input end of the power supply changes or load at the output end changes, the voltage at the load end changes, so that the power supply is required to output stable voltage.
Further, in order to make the feedback adjustment only used in a specific occasion, the system further comprises: and a switch S. The moving end of the switch S is connected with the other end of the second resistor R2; a first fixed end of the switch S is connected with a voltage feedback sampling point P of the load end; the second fixed end of the switch S is connected with a power supply end voltage feedback sampling point Q; and the power supply end voltage feedback sampling point Q is connected with an output voltage end V of the power supply. When the load needs to be stabilized, the movable end is connected with the first fixed end; and when the load does not need voltage stabilization, the movable end is connected with the second fixed end.
In a specific embodiment, the switch S is a micro hand-pulling switch. When a power supply needs to be used in long-distance wire transmission and the precision requirement of a load on input voltage is high, the power supply needs to be output to the load through an output wire, a sampling wire is reserved on the output wire, a switch S needs to be connected with the sampling wire, and the switch S is shifted to a load end voltage feedback sampling point P, so that the pressure difference generated by the loss of the output wire can be sampled and fed back through the load end voltage feedback sampling point P, the output voltage is raised by the power supply, the voltage value required by the load is achieved after passing through the wire, and the pressure difference generated on the output wire is avoided. When the distance of the output wire is short or the load has a wide requirement on the power supply voltage range, the switch S is shifted back to the power supply voltage feedback sampling point Q, namely the voltage of the sampling point of the power supply is obtained, so that the overhigh output voltage caused by the open circuit of the sampling point can be prevented, and the normal output voltage of the power supply is ensured.
Further, the system further comprises: and a fourth resistor R4. One end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with a first input end of the optocoupler U2 and one end of the third resistor R3 respectively; the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second input end of the optocoupler U2 and the cathode of the zener diode U1, respectively. In this embodiment, the third resistor R3 is a current limiting resistor. The third resistor R3 is connected with the optocoupler U2 in series to play a role in limiting current, and can prevent the light emitting diode inside the optocoupler U2 from being damaged due to excessive breakdown of current. The fourth resistor R4 is a current bleeder resistor. The fourth resistor R4 is connected in parallel to two ends of the input end of the optocoupler U2 and is used for stabilizing the circuit structure and providing a base current for the zener diode U1 so as to prevent the zener diode U1 from working to a closed area (i.e. an excessively small current value). Meanwhile, the voltage variation caused by the zener diode U1 is also reflected in the fourth resistor R4.
Further, the system further comprises: and an output diode D1. The anode of the output diode D1 is connected with the secondary end of the isolation transformer of the power supply; the cathode of the output diode D1 is connected with the other end of the third resistor R3; the cathode of the output diode D1 is the output voltage terminal V of the power supply. The output diode D1 is used for rectifying the alternating current output by the secondary side of the isolation transformer. Specifically, the alternating voltage output by the pulse width modulation unit (i.e., the switching tube modulation unit) is output by the isolation transformer, rectified by the output diode D1, and converted into a direct current voltage for output.
Further, the system further comprises: there is a polar capacitance C1. The positive electrode of the polar capacitor C1 is connected with the output voltage end V of the power supply; the negative pole of the polar capacitor C1 is grounded. The polar capacitor C1 is a filter capacitor, the output voltage of the output power supply voltage stabilization feedback system provided by the invention is applied to an AC/DC power supply output control system, the output voltage is direct current, and the polar capacitor C1 is used for filtering alternating current components in the output voltage. Specifically, the output voltage rectified by the output diode D1 is filtered by the polar capacitor C1 to obtain DC direct current for output to the load.
In a specific embodiment, the model of the zener diode U1 is preferably TL 431. The type of the optocoupler U2 is preferably TLP521 or PC 817. The resistance value of the third resistor R3 is 6k omega; the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 is 3k omega. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be adjusted according to actual circumstances.
The following will explain the principle of the present invention in detail by taking the output voltage as 120V dc voltage, the zener diode U1 as the reverse breakdown zener diode TL431, the resistance of the third resistor R3 as 6k Ω, and the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 as 3k Ω as an example:
referring to fig. 1, R1 and R2 are 120V output voltage dividing resistors, and when the switch S samples at the voltage feedback sampling point Q at the 120V power supply terminal, the current flowing through the voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 has a formula of 2.5/R1 (120-2.5)/R2. The voltage is stabilized by adopting a feedback sampling mode, when the output voltage is changed due to load change or alternating current power grid voltage change, the voltage of a sampling point is also synchronously changed (namely the voltage value is increased or decreased), after voltage division is carried out by resistors R1 and R2, the voltage of a reference end of the voltage stabilizing diode is changed (namely the voltage of the reference end is increased when the voltage of the sampling point is increased, and the voltage of the reference end is decreased when the voltage of the sampling point is decreased), the voltage of the reference end is compared with the reference voltage (for example, the TL431 reference voltage is 2.5V) of the voltage stabilizing diode U1, so that the voltage of the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode U1 is changed, further the current of an optical coupler U2 is adjusted, and the optical coupler U2 controls a pulse width modulation unit of a power supply to adjust the output voltage of the power supply, thereby realizing the stability of the output voltage. The same applies when the switch S feeds back the sampling point P for sampling at the load terminal voltage.
Specifically, when the voltage of the sampling point rises, the voltage of the reference terminal of the zener diode U1 rises and is 2.5V higher than the voltage of the reference terminal of the zener diode U1, the voltage of the cathode of the zener diode U1 decreases, the voltage of the two terminals of the light emitting diode in the optocoupler U2 rises, the current flowing through the light emitting diode increases, and the output current of the optocoupler U2 increases, thereby affecting the pulse width modulation unit of the power supply. When the voltage of the sampling point is reduced, the voltage of the reference end of the voltage stabilizing diode U1 is reduced and is less than the reference voltage 2.5V of the voltage stabilizing diode U1, the voltage of the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode U1 is increased, the voltage of the two ends of the light emitting diode in the optocoupler U2 is reduced, the current flowing through the light emitting diode is reduced, the output current of the optocoupler U2 is reduced, and therefore the pulse width modulation unit of the power supply is influenced.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to assist in understanding the core concepts of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An output power supply regulated feedback system, the system comprising: the circuit comprises an optical coupler, a voltage stabilizing diode, a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor;
a first input end of the optocoupler is connected with one end of the third resistor; the second input end of the optocoupler is connected with the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode; the first output end of the optical coupler and the second output end of the optical coupler are both connected with a pulse width modulation unit of a power supply;
the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is grounded; the reference end of the voltage stabilizing diode is respectively connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor;
the other end of the first resistor is grounded;
the other end of the second resistor is connected with a load end voltage feedback sampling point; the load end voltage feedback sampling point is a node of an output wire and a load;
the other end of the third resistor is connected with an output voltage end of the power supply;
the voltage stabilizing diode is used for adjusting the current of the optical coupler according to the voltage change of the load end voltage feedback sampling point; the optical coupler is used for controlling the pulse width modulation unit according to current change so as to perform feedback regulation on the output voltage of the power supply.
2. The output power supply regulated feedback system according to claim 1, further comprising: a switch;
the moving end of the switch is connected with the other end of the second resistor; a first fixed end of the switch is connected with a voltage feedback sampling point of the load end; the second fixed end of the switch is connected with a power supply end voltage feedback sampling point; the power supply terminal voltage feedback sampling point is connected with an output voltage terminal of the power supply;
when the load needs to be stabilized, the movable end is connected with the first fixed end; and when the load does not need voltage stabilization, the movable end is connected with the second fixed end.
3. The output power supply voltage stabilization feedback system of claim 1, wherein the optocoupler comprises: a light emitting diode and a photo transistor;
the light emitting diode is arranged corresponding to the photosensitive triode;
the two ends of the light emitting diode are respectively a first input end and a second input end of the optocoupler; two ends of the phototriode are respectively a first output end and a second output end of the optocoupler;
the light emitting diode is used for adjusting the light emitting quantity according to the current change; the phototriode is used for adjusting the switching frequency according to the light emitting quantity; the switching frequency is used to control the pulse width modulation unit.
4. The output power supply regulated feedback system of claim 1, further comprising: a fourth resistor;
one end of the fourth resistor is connected with the first input end of the optocoupler and one end of the third resistor respectively; the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the second input end of the optocoupler and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode respectively.
5. The output power supply regulated feedback system according to claim 1, further comprising: a polar capacitor;
the positive electrode of the polar capacitor is connected with the output voltage end of the power supply; and the negative electrode of the polar capacitor is grounded.
6. The output power supply regulated feedback system according to claim 1, further comprising: an output diode;
the anode of the output diode is connected with the secondary end of the isolation transformer of the power supply; the cathode of the output diode is connected with the other end of the third resistor; and the cathode of the output diode is an output voltage end of the power supply.
7. The output power supply voltage stabilization feedback system according to claim 1, wherein the type of the voltage stabilization diode is TL 431.
8. The output power supply voltage stabilization feedback system according to claim 1, wherein the optocoupler is of TLP521 or PC817 type.
9. The output power supply voltage stabilization feedback system according to claim 4, wherein the third resistor has a resistance of 6k Ω; the resistance value of the fourth resistor is 3k omega.
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| CN102130614A (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2011-07-20 | 深圳创维－Rgb电子有限公司 | Multi-path output switch power supply circuit, switch power supply and device with same |
| CN105634252A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Control circuit for switch power supply |
| CN206336142U (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-07-18 | 广东恒沃动力科技有限公司 | Battery management system |
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| CN114740932B (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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