CN114740162A - Investigation experimental facilities of plant pest climbing cycle for conventional fruit tree research - Google Patents
Investigation experimental facilities of plant pest climbing cycle for conventional fruit tree research Download PDFInfo
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- CN114740162A CN114740162A CN202210424925.3A CN202210424925A CN114740162A CN 114740162 A CN114740162 A CN 114740162A CN 202210424925 A CN202210424925 A CN 202210424925A CN 114740162 A CN114740162 A CN 114740162A
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 103
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 19
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 19
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000001987 Pyrus communis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000006667 Aleurites moluccana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009683 detection of insect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005078 fruit development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000171 higher toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/10—Catching insects by using Traps
- A01M1/103—Catching insects by using Traps for crawling insects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
- G05B19/054—Input/output
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M2200/00—Kind of animal
- A01M2200/01—Insects
- A01M2200/011—Crawling insects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses investigation experimental equipment for a plant pest climbing period for conventional fruit tree research, and mainly relates to the field of experimental equipment for new fruit varieties. The fruit tree trunk detection device comprises a mounting base and a detection piece, wherein the mounting base is fixedly arranged on a trunk of a detected fruit tree, and the detection piece is matched with the mounting base for arrangement; the detection piece is including detecting the base, and the outer terminal surface position that detects the base covers there is the smooth membrane detect the upper and lower end position of base and run through and be provided with the inspection hole, through the inside sensing subassembly that sets up of inspection hole is to the process the worm quantity in inspection hole detects. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the quantity of tree trunks climbing by pests in different cycle times can be judged when the fruit trees of the variety grow, so that the pesticide spraying effect of fruit growers can be maximized when subsequent fruit trees are planted in a large scale.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of experimental equipment for new varieties of fruits, in particular to investigation experimental equipment for a plant pest climbing period for conventional fruit tree research.
Background
For fruit trees seen in the market, for example economic fruit trees such as peach trees, pear trees and the like, the planting modes in China are mostly large-scale planting, and local special industrial structures are formed, so that economic benefits are brought to fruit growers. Because fruit tree varieties are continuously cultivated and updated, and the disease and insect resistance of fruit trees is indispensable, the experimental study on the disease and insect resistance of a new plant variety is very important. After the fruit trees are ripe, some diseases and pests can affect the fruit bearing capacity of the fruit trees, such as honey ants, aphids and the like, which are attracted by the ripe phenolic substances of the fruit trees, wherein the diseases and pests also include honey glue substances secreted by plant branches and trunks, and when the pests bite the plant fruits, wherein the pests also include the fruit development period, the finished fruit yield of the fruit trees can be affected, and the income of fruit growers can be further affected. Except for the disease and pest resistance of fruit trees, for fruit growers, the pest control mode is to spray the insecticide on the fruit trees, the time period for the pests to climb the fruit trees to eat is different according to the fruit trees, and if the insecticide spraying time of the fruit growers on the fruit trees is incorrect and is not in the activity period of the pests, the effect of larger insect killing can not be achieved; on the contrary, the mode not only brings extra economic burden to fruit growers, but also enables the fruit growers not to carry out the optimal insect killing effect, so that the fruit growers need to carry out pesticide spraying operation for multiple times in one day, not only brings labor burden to the fruit growers, but also easily causes trace accumulation of the pesticide in the fruits, and further influences the growth of the fruits. Therefore, in order to guarantee the economic cultivation concept of green ecology, the utilization efficiency of the pesticide needs to be maximized.
To the above problems, it is necessary to design an investigation experimental device for a plant pest climbing cycle for conventional fruit tree research, which can detect the pest resistance of fruit trees, and determine the time and cycle law for attracting pests to climb branches of different varieties of fruit trees, so as to ensure that the pesticide spraying time of fruit growers accords with the pest climbing cycle time when large-scale planting of fruit trees is performed, thereby achieving the purpose of maximum pest killing and simultaneously ensuring the greening growth of fruit trees.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide investigation experiment equipment for a plant pest climbing period for conventional fruit tree research, which can detect the disease and pest resistance of a new variety of fruit tree experiment to further obtain the disease and pest resistance of cultivated trees, and can judge the tree trunk climbing number of pests in different periods of time when the fruit tree grows in the experiment, so that the pesticide spraying effect of fruit growers is maximized when the subsequent fruit trees are planted in a large scale.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a plant pest climbing period investigation experiment device for conventional fruit tree research comprises an installation base and a detection piece, wherein the installation base is fixedly arranged on a trunk of a detected fruit tree, and the detection piece is matched with the installation base for arrangement; the detection part comprises a detection base, a smooth film covers the outer end face of the detection base, detection holes penetrate through the upper end face and the lower end face of the detection base, and the number of insects passing through the detection holes is detected by arranging a sensing assembly in the detection holes; the detection part further comprises an integrated control system, the integrated control system is connected with the sensing assembly, and the sensing assembly is controlled through the integrated control system.
Adjusting pieces are arranged at the upper end face and the lower end face of the detection hole; the adjusting piece is a conical top cap, the conical top cap is detachably connected with the detection hole, and a smooth film covers the outer end face of the conical top cap.
The sensing assembly comprises sensing guide sheets, and the two sensing guide sheets are arranged in the detection hole; the sensing guide pieces are of a lantern ring structure, the two sensing guide pieces are connected with the integrated control system, and when insects pass through the sensing guide pieces, a closed loop is formed between the two sensing guide pieces and the integrated control system.
The sensing conducting sheet is connected with a slide rheostat in series, and the closed loop is connected with the slide rheostat in series.
One of them sensing guide piece for the fixed position setting of inspection hole, and another sensing guide piece is connected with the removal connecting rod the outer end position that inspection hole cooperation set up sensing guide piece is provided with the shifting chute, the removal connecting rod is worn out the shifting chute sets up.
And a displacement sensor is arranged at the upper end or the lower end inside the moving groove, the detection end head of the displacement sensor faces the moving connecting rod, and the displacement sensor is connected with the integrated control system.
The mounting base is an air bag piece, an elastic silica gel pad covers the inner end face of the air bag piece, and the air bag piece is provided with an inflation hole in a matching manner; and after the air is filled into the air bag piece, the elastic silica gel pad is tightly attached to the branches of the fruit tree.
The air bag piece is provided with an adhesion connecting band, and the air bag piece is arranged around the trunk of the fruit tree through the adhesion connecting band.
The detection base comprises two semicircular bases, and the two semicircular bases are fixedly connected through a fixing piece.
The integrated control system comprises a PLC integrated control panel, a wireless module is arranged on the PLC integrated control panel, and the wireless module is connected with a remote terminal to realize real-time information transmission of the PLC integrated control panel and the remote terminal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. this device is when setting up, through the mounting base with the fixed setting of this device on the fruit tree trunk that will carry out the detection to realize that the device is in the fixed on the fruit tree trunk, and when carrying out fixed operation, can not form the clearance that makes the insect upwards scramble between guarantee mounting base and the fruit tree, thereby the detection piece that the guarantee set up can effectually detect the insect quantity of trunk climbing, and then the guarantee carries out the accuracy of fruit tree experimental data.
2. When carrying out the setting that detects the piece, through set up the inspection hole on detecting the base, and then satisfy the demand that the insect upwards climbed, when the insect upwards climbed through the inspection hole, the sensing element who sets up in inspection hole inside can upwards climb the quantity of insect and detect to the ascending quantity that climbs the insect, and give integrated control system with detecting information transfer, make integrated control system carry out data processing with the information that sensing element transmitted, and then obtain the quantity of upwards climbing insect in the unit interval. And this device is to the condition of different insects, when setting up, through adjusting the interval between two sensing guide pieces, and then realizes the climbing quantity detection of different insect types for this device can adapt to the detection standard of different insect quantity, and makes different insect types can not take place the problem of mutual interference.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the air bag member of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the detecting member of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partial structural view of a detecting member according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a test piece according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a test element according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a test element according to the present invention.
Reference numerals shown in the drawings:
1. mounting a base; 2. a detection member; 3. detecting a base; 4. detecting holes; 5. a smooth film; 6. a sensing component; 7. an adjustment member; 8. a conical top cap; 9. a sensing conductive sheet; 10. moving the connecting rod; 11. a moving groove; 12. a displacement sensor; 13. an air bag member; 14. an elastic silica gel pad; 15. an inflation hole; 16. adhering a connecting belt; 17. and a fixing member.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the present application.
In order to obtain a better fruit tree variety, it is necessary for experimenters to culture fruit trees, and after a new fruit tree variety is cultured, it is necessary to perform experimental detection on the new plant variety to judge whether the new fruit tree variety can be planted in a general area or a specific area in a large scale. For a new variety of fruit trees, the insect resistance can reduce the damage of the fruit trees caused by the diseases and insect pests when the fruit trees are subjected to the diseases and insect pests, so that the fruit trees are not greatly damaged under the condition of certain diseases and insect pests. Therefore, after the new variety of the fruit tree is cultivated, the disease and pest resistance detection of the fruit tree is very necessary; and aiming at the disease and insect pest resistance of fruit trees, the climbing time of the fruit tree variety information pests towards the fruit trees is detected, so that after the fruit trees are planted in a large scale, fruit growers can reasonably spray pesticide for a long time, the insecticidal effect of the insecticide is maximized, the economic burden and the physical burden are reduced for the fruit growers, and the fruit tree planting is enabled to be more in line with the greening level.
The invention relates to investigation experiment equipment for a plant pest climbing period for conventional fruit tree research, which comprises a main structure and a detection part, wherein the main structure comprises an installation base 1 and a detection part 2, the installation base 1 is fixedly arranged on a trunk of a detected fruit tree, and the detection part 2 is matched with the installation base 1 for arrangement;
mounting a base 1:
when the device is arranged, the device needs to be arranged on the trunk of a fruit tree to be detected, so that the problems of different fruit trees need to be considered, and for the fruit trees such as pear trees, peach trees and the like, the barks of most huge fruit trees are smoother, so that the device can be used for fixing the trunk of the fruit tree by using a traditional winding and fixing mode; for the fruit trees with rough bark, such as walnut trees, the surface of the fruit trees is rough, so when the device is set, not only the fixing problem of the device is considered, but also the installation base 1 cannot have a large gap with the trunk of the fruit tree after being fixed with the trunk of the fruit tree, and then the insects climb upwards from the gap position of the trunk of the fruit tree, so that the detection of the climbing number of the insects by the following detection piece 2 is influenced.
Considering the gap problem existing after the installation and fixation between the installation base 1 and the trunk of the fruit tree, when the installation base 1 is installed, the installation base 1 is installed as an air bag piece 13, the inner end face of the air bag piece 13 is covered with an elastic silica gel pad 14, and the air bag piece 13 is provided with an inflation hole 15 in a matching way; after the air bag piece 13 is filled with air, the elastic silica gel pad 14 is tightly attached to the branches of the fruit tree. Because when carrying out the setting of mounting base 1, carry out gas transport in the gasbag spare 13 that connects through orientation mounting base 1 for the gas that is in gasbag spare 13 takes place to expand, extrudees fruit tree trunk position, and because the interior terminal surface of gasbag spare 13 covers elastic silica gel pad 14, make under the extruded effect of gas in gasbag spare 13, further laminate mutually between elastic silica gel pad 14 and the fruit tree trunk, in order to avoid producing the clearance between elastic silica gel pad 14 and the fruit tree trunk. And to different fruit tree trunks, its thickness size is different, therefore this is in when carrying out the setting of gasbag spare 13, can adapt to the fruit tree trunk of different thickness sizes through the letting in of carrying out different gas dosage in the gasbag spare 13 to ensure that mounting base 1 can effectively install and set up different cultivars fruit tree trunk position.
And to the installation setting of gasbag spare 13, need ensure that gasbag spare 13 is the loop configuration and fixes on the trunk position of different fruit trees, consequently in this device be provided with adhesion connecting band 16 on the gasbag spare 13, through adhesion connecting band 16 makes gasbag spare 13 sets up around the fruit tree trunk to make gasbag spare 13 annular connection through adhesion connecting band 16. It should be noted here that the adhesion connecting band 16 is not provided for fixing the air bag 13 on the trunk of the fruit tree, and the two ends of the air bag 13 are connected in a ring shape, so that after the adhesion connecting band 16 is provided, the two ends of the air bag 13 do not have a gap problem, and the air bag 13 is prevented from climbing upwards from the gap to the trunk of the fruit tree due to connection. For the adhesion connecting band 16, a common hook and loop fastener adhesion mode can be used, so as to achieve the purpose of adhesion connection.
After the installation of the installation base 1, the detection part 2 can be installed and arranged at the position of the installation base 1, for the following specific structure, when the following detection base 3 is installed, the detection base 3 is arranged to comprise two semicircular bases, and the two semicircular bases are fixedly connected through the fixing part 17, so that the fixed connection between the detection base 3 and the air bag part 13 is realized, and the specific size width of the air bag part 13 can be adjusted through the gas dosage filled towards the interior of the air bag part, so that the width problem of the detection base 3 can be set according to specific types of fruit trees. For example, different from thinner pear trees, peach trees and thicker walnut trees, the detection bases 3 with different sizes can be arranged, and the specific size difference of the same kind of fruit trees of different varieties is not large, so that the same kind of detection bases 3 can meet the installation requirement. For the fixed mode, can directly set up above-mentioned mounting 17 into fastening bolt, or other joint structures, realize through fastening bolt or other joint structures with the fixed demand between the fruit tree trunk.
The detection piece 2:
after the installation that carries out above-mentioned mounting base 1 sets up, can carry out the quantity detection of pest climbing through detecting 2, at first the following concrete structure to detecting 2 describes, secondly sets up to different detection methods, and then certain demand that sets up that has of guarantee detecting 2.
The detection piece 2 has the specific structure that:
the detection piece 2 comprises a detection base 3, a smooth film 5 covers the outer end face of the detection base 3, detection holes 4 penetrate through the upper end face and the lower end face of the detection base 3, and the number of insects passing through the detection holes 4 is detected by arranging a sensing assembly 6 in the detection holes 4; this is in when setting up, through the upper and lower extreme position at detection base 3 running through and setting up inspection hole 4, when the insect climbs towards the fruit tree trunk, because the outer terminal surface position that detects base 3 covers there is smooth membrane 5, consequently here can not satisfy the climbing demand of most of insects, cause the insect when climbing, can be through the inspection hole 4 positions that set up on detecting base 3, and behind inspection hole 4 inside setting up sensing component 6, when the insect passes through sensing component 6, will make sensing component 6 experience the response information that the insect passed through. For the information transmission mode, the detecting member 2 further comprises an integrated control system, the integrated control system is connected with the sensing component 6, the sensing component 6 is controlled by the integrated control system, when an insect passes through the sensing component 6, the sensing component 6 transmits the sensing information to the integrated control system, and then the integrated control system processes the information sensed by the sensing component 6, so as to record the insect data passing through the sensing component 6. To the smooth membrane 5 of above-mentioned setting, can satisfy the insect can not climb the demand can, for example use smooth scotch tape to cover, can make the insect can not climb, certainly also not exclude other setting modes.
When the device is used for setting the sensing assembly 6, the sensing assembly 6 can effectively detect and obtain data information when the insects pass through, so that the device is used for setting the sensing assembly 6, namely the sensing assembly 6 comprises sensing guide sheets 9, and the two sensing guide sheets 9 are arranged in the detection hole 4; the sensing guide sheets 9 are in a lantern ring structure, the sensing guide sheets 9 are connected with the integrated control system, and when insects pass through the sensing guide sheets 9, a closed loop is formed between the sensing guide sheets 9 and the integrated control system. When an insect passes through the two sensing guide pieces 9, a closed loop is formed between the two sensing guide pieces 9 and the integrated control system, and then the integrated control system obtains circuit information formed by the closed loops of the two sensing guide pieces 9, so that the insect is judged to pass through the two sensing guide pieces 9. When the device is arranged, the closed loop formed between the two sensing conductive pieces 9 cannot damage the insects, so that the insects have a tendency to escape from the sensing conductive pieces 9, and therefore, the current connected with the sensing conductive pieces 9 is in a micro-current state, so that the influence on the normal climbing of the insects is avoided.
The first application environment:
after setting up above-mentioned structure, can satisfy the measurement of carrying out insect climbing quantity, when detecting the time measuring to the disease and pest resistance of fruit tree promptly, only need carry out the detection of insect quantity this moment to and the observation of fruit tree growth situation, can obtain the disease and pest resistance of fruit tree.
Firstly, when the operation is carried out, the mounting base 1 is fixedly arranged at the trunk position of the fruit tree, and the air is filled towards the air bag piece 13 until the mounting requirement of the detection base 3 is met. After the installation is finished and the detection base 3 is installed, the detection of the climbing quantity of the insects towards the fruit trees can be carried out. One point to be considered here is that the period when pests affect the fruit trees to produce economic benefits is the period of leaf pulling, sprouting, flowering and fruiting after the fruit trees are mature, so that the structural components need to be installed after the fruit trees are mature, the climbing quantity of the fruit trees is detected in a period, and after detection data are obtained, the climbing quantity is compared with the fruit yield of the fruit trees in a period, and then the disease and pest resistance of the fruit trees of the variety is obtained.
For the growth of fruit trees, insects influencing the fruit yield are different in size, so that external factors and the influence of flying insects on the fruit trees need to be eliminated. And the detection holes 4 allow the insects to pass through without specific investigation of the climbing period of a certain insect.
The second application environment:
because in order to carry out large-scale planting in the fruit tree after, just need detect the periodicity of the trunk climbing of insect, because the fruit tree disease and pest resistance of different cultivars is different, cause the insect to carry out the period of climbing also different on towards the fruit tree, consequently need detect the periodic variation of insect that climbs towards the fruit tree trunk.
But first of all, it needs to be considered that the insects on the same fruit tree not only climb upwards, but also climb downwards by some insects, which is the movement trend of the insects in a certain period.
Therefore, a further structural arrangement is needed here for the second application environment:
namely: the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the detection hole 4 are provided with adjusting pieces 7; the adjusting piece 7 is a conical top cap 8, the conical top cap 8 is detachably connected with the detection hole 4, and the outer end face of the conical top cap 8 is also covered with a smooth film 5. Because a plurality of detection holes 4 can be arranged on the detection base 3, when the detection of the second application environment is carried out, different conical top caps 8 are matched with different positions of the detection holes 4, as shown in the figure 6 of the attached drawing of the specification, after the conical top caps 8 are inserted into the top positions of the detection holes 4, insects climb upwards from the lower end positions of the detection holes 4, and climb out of the detection holes 4 from the top positions of the conical top caps 8; and when the insect that climbs from the top down wanted to climb downwards from inspection hole 4 here, toper hood 8 this moment was sheltered from with the insect that climbs downwards, set up smooth membrane 5 on the outer terminal surface of toper hood 8 promptly and do not allow the top position entering of insect from this inspection hole 4, consequently sensing element 6 in this inspection hole 4 will detect information transfer and give integrated control system, and then can obtain the insect quantity that upwards climbs. And set up the toper top cap 8 back in inspection hole 4 lower extreme position, restrict the insect promptly and upwards scramble from this inspection hole 4 position to make corresponding sensing component 6 give integrated control system with the detected information transfer, and then obtain the insect quantity of climbing downwards. And after carrying out above-mentioned structural configuration, can satisfy the second application environment for this device can detect to the insect quantity of climbing upwards and the insect quantity of climbing downwards, and obtain the movement cycle of insect, make fruit grower when carrying out the insect prevention and cure, can carry out spraying of insecticide to the crest numerical value that this cycle changes, thereby make the insecticidal effect reach the maximize.
The third application environment:
in this application environment, different kinds of climbing cycles need to be detected. Because the periodic variation of some insects is the same, but the selection of the insecticide is different, the fruit growers are not allowed to use some insecticides with higher toxicity in the current growing environment, and the fruit growers cannot effectively kill insects with some conventional insecticides with higher periodic environmental variation, so that the insects are detected according to different climbing periods. And when certain plant diseases and insect pests appear on a large scale in the fruit tree forest land, the fruit growers can conveniently perform insect killing operation aiming at the climbing period of the insect at the first time, so that the influence on the fruit yield is avoided.
In between, it is to be understood that for insects, although the volume of different species of insects differs more, the volume of the same species of insects differs less. And the insects also have conductive properties, and the wire properties of each kind of insects are different, so the following mathematical calculation is made for the conductive ability, i.e., resistance, of different insects.
Namely: where ρ is the resistivity, which can be measured directly by implementation for different insects; where L is the length of the insect; s is the cross-sectional area of the insect;
therefore, the resistance of a certain insect species is calculated by the above formula, and the resistance value of the insect species is obtained by calculating according to the general volume value of the insect. When insects with different resistance values pass through the sensing guide sheet 9, the sensing guide sheet 9 transmits detection information to the integrated control system, and then the integrated control system can obtain different resistance value information, so that the specific type of the insects is judged. It should be understood here that the resistance is consistent only when the length and cross-sectional area of the insect are consistent, as well as the resistivity, which makes it easy to distinguish the specific species of insect for a large number of species of insects.
After the above explanation, in order to obtain a climbing period of a certain insect more accurately, the sensor conductors 9 are arranged, that is, one of the sensor conductors 9 is fixedly arranged relative to the detection hole 4, and the other sensor conductor 9 is connected with the movable link 10, the outer end position of the sensor conductor 9 matched with the detection hole 4 is provided with the movable slot 11, and the movable link 10 is arranged to penetrate through the movable slot 11. Because when carrying out certain kind of insect climbing cycle and detecting, in order to avoid other insects to cause the influence to the insect that will detect, consequently when setting up, set up one of them sensing guide 9 into adjustable structure to carry out the setting of two sensing guide 9 intervals to this kind of insect length, minimize the interference of other insects. When an insect larger than the length of the detected insect passes through the sensing conductors 9, the distance between the two sensing conductors 9 is the same, but the cross-sectional area and the specific resistance of the insect are also inconsistent with the insect to be detected, so that the detected insect is prevented from being influenced by other insects.
In order to avoid measuring the distance between the two sensing guide pieces 9, a displacement sensor 12 is disposed at an upper end or a lower end inside the moving slot 11, a detection end of the displacement sensor 12 is disposed toward the moving link 10, and the displacement sensor 12 is connected to the integrated control system, so that the distance information between the two sensing guide pieces 9 is directly transmitted to the integrated control system through the displacement sensor 12, and the distance between the two sensing guide pieces 9 is directly read through the integrated control system.
The sensing conductor piece 9 is connected in series with a slide rheostat, and the closed loop is connected in series through the slide rheostat. The slide rheostat plays the effect of protecting the circuit, and when making things convenient for the staff to carry out the detection of different insect climbing periods simultaneously, can adjust the electric current size of closed circuit through the slide rheostat, and then adapt to different kind insect and detect.
For the integrated control system, the integrated control system comprises a PLC integrated control board, a wireless module is arranged on the PLC integrated control board, and the PLC integrated control board is connected with a remote terminal through the wireless module, so that real-time information transmission between the PLC integrated control board and the remote terminal is realized. For the integrated control system, other system structures can be adopted for setting, and the requirements of data transmission and data exchange with a remote terminal through a wireless module are certainly met, so that a worker can conveniently control the integrated control system at the remote terminal.
Therefore, the investigation experimental equipment for the plant pest climbing period for the conventional fruit tree research can detect the disease and pest resistance of a new fruit tree experimental variety, further obtain the disease and pest resistance of cultivated trees, and can judge the number of the pest climbing tree trunks in different period times when the fruit tree of the conventional fruit tree is grown during the experiment, so that the pesticide spraying effect of fruit growers can be maximized when the subsequent fruit trees are planted in a large scale.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a conventional fruit tree research is with investigation experimental facilities of plant pest climbing cycle which characterized in that: the fruit tree trunk detection device comprises a mounting base (1) and a detection piece (2), wherein the mounting base (1) is fixedly arranged on a fruit tree trunk to be detected, and the detection piece (2) is matched with the mounting base (1) for arrangement;
the detection piece (2) comprises a detection base (3), a smooth film (5) covers the outer end face of the detection base (3), detection holes (4) penetrate through the upper end and the lower end of the detection base (3), and the number of insects passing through the detection holes (4) is detected by arranging a sensing assembly (6) in the detection holes (4);
the detection piece (2) further comprises an integrated control system, the integrated control system is connected with the sensing assembly (6), and the sensing assembly (6) is controlled through the integrated control system.
2. The investigation and experiment equipment for the plant pest climbing period for the conventional fruit tree research according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the detection hole (4) are provided with adjusting pieces (7);
the adjusting piece (7) is a conical top cap (8), the conical top cap (8) is detachably connected with the detection hole (4), and the outer end face of the conical top cap (8) is covered with a smooth film (5).
3. The investigation and experiment equipment for the plant pest climbing period for the conventional fruit tree research according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the sensing assembly (6) comprises sensing guide sheets (9), and the two sensing guide sheets (9) are arranged inside the detection hole (4);
the sensing guide vanes (9) are of a lantern ring structure, the sensing guide vanes (9) are connected with the integrated control system, and when insects pass through the sensing guide vanes (9), a closed loop is formed between the sensing guide vanes (9) and the integrated control system.
4. The investigation and experiment equipment for the plant pest climbing period for the conventional fruit tree research according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the sensing conducting sheet (9) is connected with a slide rheostat in series, and the closed loop is connected with the slide rheostat in series.
5. The investigation and experiment equipment for the plant pest climbing period for the conventional fruit tree research is characterized in that: one of them sensing guide piece (9) for the fixed position setting of inspection hole (4), and another sensing guide piece (9) are connected with removal connecting rod (10) outer end position that inspection hole (4) cooperation set up sensing guide piece (9) is provided with shifting chute (11), removal connecting rod (10) wear out shifting chute (11) set up.
6. The device for investigating and testing the climbing period of the plant pests for the conventional fruit tree research according to claim 5, wherein: and a displacement sensor (12) is arranged at the upper end or the lower end inside the moving groove (11), the detection end head of the displacement sensor (12) faces the moving connecting rod (10) and is connected with the integrated control system (12).
7. The investigation and experiment equipment for the plant pest climbing period for the conventional fruit tree research according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mounting base (1) is an air bag piece (13), the inner end face of the air bag piece (13) is covered with an elastic silica gel pad (14), and the air bag piece (13) is provided with an inflation hole (15) in a matching manner;
when the air bag piece (13) is filled with air, the elastic silica gel pad (14) is tightly attached to the branches of the fruit tree.
8. The investigation and experiment equipment for the plant pest climbing period for the conventional fruit tree research according to claim 7, is characterized in that: be provided with adhesion connecting band (16) on gasbag spare (13), through adhesion connecting band (16) make gasbag spare (13) set up around the fruit tree trunk.
9. The investigation and experiment equipment for the plant pest climbing period for the conventional fruit tree research according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the detection base (3) comprises two semicircular bases which are fixedly connected through a fixing piece (17).
10. The investigation and experiment equipment for the plant pest climbing period for the conventional fruit tree research according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the integrated control system comprises a PLC integrated control panel, a wireless module is arranged on the PLC integrated control panel, and the wireless module is connected with a remote terminal to realize real-time information transmission of the PLC integrated control panel and the remote terminal.
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