CN114740128B - 一种食用油生产用反式油酸含量检测方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种食用油生产用反式油酸含量检测方法,取食用油100mg,置50ml回流瓶中,加0.5mol/L氢氧化钾甲醇溶液4ml,在水浴中加热回流直至油滴消失,放冷,加14%三氟化硼甲醇溶液5m1,再在水浴中加热回流5分钟,放冷,加异辛烷2ml,继续在水浴中加热回流1分钟,放冷,加饱和氯化钠10ml,摇匀,静置使分层,取上层液,经无水硫酸钠干燥,作为供试品溶液,分别取油酸甲酯10mg、反式油酸甲酯10mg、亚油酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液25mg和亚麻酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液25mg,精密称定,置10ml容量瓶中,加异辛烷溶解并稀释至刻度,制成每1ml中约含油酸甲酯lmg、反式油酸甲酯1mg。本发明所述的一种食用油生产用反式油酸含量检测方法,属于食用油生产检测领域,能快速检测反式油酸含量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食用油生产检测领域,特别涉及一种食用油生产用反式油酸含量检测方法。
背景技术
反式脂肪酸又称为反式油酸,反式脂肪酸来源有两种,一种天然存在的,如牛羊肉、奶类和乳制品中的反式脂肪酸;另一种人工制造而成,在植物油氢化改性过程中生成的,如含有氢化油的糕点、饼干、巧克力、薯条等食品中的反式脂肪酸。和其他可在饮食中摄取的脂肪不同,反式脂肪对健康并无益处,也不是人体所需要的营养素。食用反式脂肪将会提高罹患冠状动脉心脏病的机率。由于反式脂肪酸对人体不饱和脂肪酸代谢的干扰、对血脂和脂蛋白的影响,世界卫生组织建议人们每天来自反式脂肪酸的热量不要超过食物总热量的1%。我国《食品安全国.家标准》也规定“食品配料含有或生产过程中使用了氢化和(或)部分氢化油脂时,在营养成分表中还应标示出反式脂(酸)的含量”。因此在食用油生产过程中需要对反式油酸的含量进行检测。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种食用油生产用反式油酸含量检测方法,可以有效解决背景技术中提到的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:
一种食用油生产用反式油酸含量检测方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:取食用油100mg,置50ml回流瓶中,加0.5mol/L氢氧化钾甲醇溶液4ml,在水浴中加热回流直至油滴消失,放冷,加14%三氟化硼甲醇溶液5m1,再在水浴中加热回流5分钟,放冷,加异辛烷2ml,继续在水浴中加热回流1分钟,放冷,加饱和氯化钠10ml,摇匀,静置使分层,取上层液,经无水硫酸钠干燥,作为供试品溶液。
步骤二:分别取油酸甲酯10mg、反式油酸甲酯10mg、亚油酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液25mg和亚麻酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液25mg,精密称定,置10ml容量瓶中,加异辛烷溶解并稀释至刻度,制成每1ml中约含油酸甲酯lmg、反式油酸甲酯1mg、亚油酸甲酯顺反异构体2.5mg、亚麻酸甲酯顺反异构体2.5mg的溶液,作为系统适用性溶液。
步骤三:采用以聚二氰丙基硅氧烷为固定液的毛细管色谱柱,起始温度为163℃,维持85分钟,以每分钟30C的速率升温至240℃,维持13分钟,分流比45:1;载气流速:恒压40psi;进样口温度为250℃;检测器温度为250℃,取系统适用性溶液1μl注入气相色谱仪,记录色谱图,
步骤四:取供试品溶液1μl注入气相色谱仪,记录色谱图,按峰面积归一化法计算供试品中各反式脂肪酸甲酯峰占所有脂肪酸甲酯总峰面积的百分含量。
进一步而言,步骤一中的水浴温度控制在70℃-80℃之间。
进一步而言,步骤二中的亚油酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液和亚麻酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液温度控制在20℃-25℃之间。
进一步而言,步骤三中顺-9,12-反-15-十八碳三烯酸甲酯和亚麻酸甲酯的分离度应不小于1.0,且可适当调整色谱系统参数满足上述系统适用性要求,并确保供试品中相应顺反脂肪酸甲酯峰的分离度均不小于1.0。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明中,当样品由微量注射器注射进入进样器后,被载气携带进入填充柱或毛细管色谱柱,由于样品中各组分在色谱柱中的流动相和固定相间分配或吸附系数的差异,在载气的冲洗下,各组分在两相间作反复多次分配使各组分在柱中得到分离,然后用接在柱后的检测器根据组分的物理化学特性将各组分按顺序检测出来,各组分按顺序检测出来之后即可通过及时快速检测出反式油酸含量。
附图说明
图1为本发明的检测流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。
如图1所示,一种食用油生产用反式油酸含量检测方法,取食用油100mg,置50ml回流瓶中,加0.5mol/L氢氧化钾甲醇溶液4ml,在水浴中加热回流直至油滴消失,放冷,加14%三氟化硼甲醇溶液5m1,再在水浴中加热回流5分钟,放冷,加异辛烷2ml,继续在水浴中加热回流1分钟,放冷,加饱和氯化钠10ml,摇匀,静置使分层,取上层液,经无水硫酸钠干燥,作为供试品溶液,分别取油酸甲酯10mg、反式油酸甲酯10mg、亚油酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液25mg和亚麻酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液25mg,精密称定,置10ml容量瓶中,加异辛烷溶解并稀释至刻度,制成每1ml中约含油酸甲酯lmg、反式油酸甲酯1mg、亚油酸甲酯顺反异构体2.5mg、亚麻酸甲酯顺反异构体2.5mg的溶液,作为系统适用性溶液,采用以聚二氰丙基硅氧烷为固定液的毛细管色谱柱,起始温度为163℃,维持85分钟,以每分钟30C的速率升温至240℃,维持13分钟,分流比45:1;载气流速:恒压40psi;进样口温度为250℃;检测器温度为250℃,取系统适用性溶液1μl注入气相色谱仪,记录色谱图,取供试品溶液1μl注入气相色谱仪。
脂肪酸是由碳氢组成的烃类基团连结羧基所构成羧酸化合物,当脂肪酸分子的所有碳原子相互连接时是饱和的,当链中碳原子以双键连接时,脂肪酸分子是不饱和的。反式脂肪酸是所有含有反式双键的不饱和脂肪酸的总称,其双键上两个碳原子结合的两个氢原子分别在碳链的两侧,其空间构象呈线性,与之相对应的是顺式脂肪酸,其双键上两个碳原子结合的两个氢原子在碳链的同侧,其空间构象呈弯曲状。脂肪酸的碳链长度、不饱和度和双键的几何构型等结构上的差异,使脂肪酸在气相色谱柱上的保留时间有所不同。脂肪酸在非极性气相色谱柱.上的保留时间主要由碳链长度决定,在极性气相色谱柱上的保留时间由极性和碳链长度共同决定,因此极性气相色谱柱对不饱和脂肪酸的分离更有效。
当样品由微量注射器注射进入进样器后,被载气携带进入填充柱或毛细管色谱柱,由于样品中各组分在色谱柱中的流动相和固定相间分配或吸附系数的差异,在载气的冲洗下,各组分在两相间作反复多次分配使各组分在柱中得到分离,然后用接在柱后的检测器根据组分的物理化学特性将各组分按顺序检测出来,当样品由微量注射器注射进入进样器后,被载气携带进入填充柱或毛细管色谱柱,由于样品中各组分在色谱柱中的流动相和固定相间分配或吸附系数的差异,在载气的冲洗下,各组分在两相间作反复多次分配使各组分在柱中得到分离,然后用接在柱后的检测器根据组分的物理化学特性将各组分按顺序检测出来,使用时少量待分析的液体样品被吸入注射器。使用的典型体积介于0.1μL和1mL之间。注射器针头位于气相色谱仪的热进样口,样品快速进样。样品的注入被认为是一个“时间点”,即假设整个样品同时进入气相色谱仪,因此必须快速注入样品。温度设定为高于混合物组分的沸点,以便组分蒸发。气化的组分然后与惰性气体流动相混合,被带到气相色谱柱进行分离。混合物中的组分根据其吸附或结合固定相的能力进行分离。对固定相吸附最强的组分将在色谱柱中停留的时间最长。因此保留时间最长。它将最后从气相色谱仪中出现。固定相吸附力最弱的组分在色谱柱中停留的时间最短,因此保留时间最短。它将首先从气相色谱仪中出现。由于它们在色谱柱中的保留时间不同,混合物的组分在不同的时间到达检测器。首先检测列中保留时间最短的组分。最后检测列中保留时间最长的组分。检测器向图表记录器发送信号,导致图表纸上出现峰值。首先检测到的组件首先被记录。最后检测到的组件最后记录。由于混合物中的物质不同,下面的气相色谱图显示了2个峰。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种食用油生产用反式油酸含量检测方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤一:取食用油100mg,置50ml回流瓶中,加0.5mol/L氢氧化钾甲醇溶液4ml,在水浴中加热回流直至油滴消失,放冷,加14%三氟化硼甲醇溶液5m1,再在水浴中加热回流5分钟,放冷,加异辛烷2ml,继续在水浴中加热回流1分钟,放冷,加饱和氯化钠10ml,摇匀,静置使分层,取上层液,经无水硫酸钠干燥,作为供试品溶液,
步骤二:分别取油酸甲酯10mg、反式油酸甲酯10mg、亚油酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液25mg和亚麻酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液25mg,精密称定,置10ml容量瓶中,加异辛烷溶解并稀释至刻度,制成每1ml中约含油酸甲酯lmg、反式油酸甲酯1mg、亚油酸甲酯顺反异构体2.5mg、亚麻酸甲酯顺反异构体2.5mg的溶液,作为系统适用性溶液,
步骤三:采用以聚二氰丙基硅氧烷为固定液的毛细管色谱柱,起始温度为163℃,维持85分钟,以每分钟30C的速率升温至240℃,维持13分钟,分流比45:1;载气流速:恒压40psi;进样口温度为250℃;检测器温度为250℃,取系统适用性溶液1μl注入气相色谱仪,记录色谱图,
步骤四:取供试品溶液1μl注入气相色谱仪,记录色谱图,按峰面积归一化法计算供试品中各反式脂肪酸甲酯峰占所有脂肪酸甲酯总峰面积的百分含量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种食用油生产用反式油酸含量检测方法,其特征在于:步骤一中的水浴温度控制在70℃-80℃之间。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种食用油生产用反式油酸含量检测方法,其特征在于:步骤二中的亚油酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液和亚麻酸甲酯顺反异构体混合溶液温度控制在20℃-25℃之间。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种食用油生产用反式油酸含量检测方法,其特征在于:步骤三中顺-9,12-反-15-十八碳三烯酸甲酯和亚麻酸甲酯的分离度应不小于1.0,且可适当调整色谱系统参数满足上述系统适用性要求,并确保供试品中相应顺反脂肪酸甲酯峰的分离度均不小于1.0。
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