CN114739854A - Method for detecting steel slag mixing amount in steel slag stabilized loess - Google Patents

Method for detecting steel slag mixing amount in steel slag stabilized loess Download PDF

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CN114739854A
CN114739854A CN202111650238.5A CN202111650238A CN114739854A CN 114739854 A CN114739854 A CN 114739854A CN 202111650238 A CN202111650238 A CN 202111650238A CN 114739854 A CN114739854 A CN 114739854A
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steel slag
loess
mixing amount
mixture
water
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CN114739854B (en
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武旭
魏定邦
张富强
孙强盛
刘杨
涂崇志
赵静卓
张军林
任国斌
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Gansu Province Transportation Planning Survey and Design Institute Co Ltd
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N5/00Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
    • G01N5/04Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
    • G01N5/045Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder for determining moisture content
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for detecting the steel slag mixing amount in steel slag stabilized loess, which relates to the technical field of road engineering and comprises the following steps: step one, pretreating a steel slag raw material to obtain steel slag with a required particle size; determining the optimal water content and the lowest design steel slag mixing amount; measuring the steel slag, water and loess according to the minimum design steel slag mixing amount and the optimal water content corresponding to the minimum design steel slag mixing amount, and mixing the steel slag, the water and the loess to obtain a mixture; step four, drying the uniformly mixed mixture, testing the drying quality and calculating the water content, washing the dried mixture, drying and weighing the steel slag after washing to obtain an initial value of the steel slag mixing amount, and step five, correcting the initial value of the steel slag mixing amount to obtain an actual value of the steel slag mixing amount. The method separates the steel slag from the loess by a water washing method, calculates the steel slag mixing amount, is convenient, effective and strong in practicability, and is easy to popularize and use in engineering practice.

Description

Method for detecting steel slag mixing amount in steel slag stabilized loess
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of road engineering, in particular to a method for detecting the steel slag mixing amount in steel slag stabilized loess.
Background
The construction of highway subgrade in loess area faces the problem of collapsibility, and the traditional method adopts cement or lime to stabilize loess for road bed construction. In order to promote the application of bulk solid wastes and reduce the emission of CO in the production of cement and the like2On the basis of analyzing the gelling property of the steel slag fine aggregate, the steel slag fine aggregate with the particle size of less than 3mm is adopted to replace cement, lime and other stable loess road beds, and is applied in a large scale at present. The problem of steel slag mixing amount detection exists in the application process, the cement and lime content is detected by a titration method in the prior art, however, steel slag with the particle size of less than 3mm contains most particles, and titration detection cannot be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting the steel slag doping amount in steel slag stabilized loess, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, separates the steel slag from the loess through a water washing method, calculates the steel slag doping amount, is convenient, effective, strong in practicability, convenient to operate and easy to popularize and use in engineering practice.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a method for detecting the steel slag mixing amount in steel slag stabilized loess, which comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreating a steel slag raw material to obtain steel slag with a required particle size;
determining the optimal water content and the lowest design steel slag mixing amount;
measuring the steel slag, water and loess according to the minimum design steel slag mixing amount and the optimal water content corresponding to the minimum design steel slag mixing amount, and mixing the steel slag, the water and the loess to obtain a mixture;
step four, drying the uniformly mixed mixture, testing the drying quality and calculating the water content, washing the dried mixture, drying and weighing the steel slag after washing to obtain an initial value of the steel slag mixing amount,
and step five, correcting the initial value of the steel slag doping amount to obtain an actual value of the steel slag doping amount.
Preferably, in the second step, different steel slag blending amounts are designed, the steel slag of each steel slag blending amount is respectively blended with loess under different water content conditions to form a stable loess mixture, the loess mixture of each steel slag blending amount is tested to obtain the optimal water content and the maximum dry density of the loess mixture of different steel slag blending amounts, the loess mixture of different steel slag blending amounts is respectively made into test pieces under the optimal water content and the maximum dry density conditions, each test piece is tested, and the lowest designed steel slag blending amount is determined.
Preferably, the loess mixture with different steel slag mixing amounts is respectively prepared into cylindrical test pieces under the conditions of optimal moisture content and maximum dry density, after the test pieces are maintained for 7 days under standard culture conditions, the unconfined compressive strength and the water immersion strength loss rate of each test piece are tested, and the lowest design steel slag mixing amount is determined according to the unconfined compressive strength not less than 0.5MPa and the water immersion strength loss not more than 50%.
Preferably, in the third step, when the steel slag, the water and the loess are mixed to obtain a loess material, the loess material is subjected to smoldering, the steel slag is added into the smoldered loess material, and the mixture is mixed to obtain a mixture.
Preferably, in the fourth step, before drying the uniform mixture, the mixture needs to be sampled to determine whether the mixture is uniform, and if the mixture is not uniform, the mixture is mixed until the mixture is uniform.
Preferably, when the mixture is sampled, the mixture is sampled in the plane direction and the depth direction respectively, the sampling is performed at S-shaped intervals along the extending direction of the road in the plane direction, and the sampling is performed at intervals from top to bottom in the depth direction within the depth range of the sampling point in the plane direction.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the initial value of the steel slag mixing amount is X1,X1The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003446336550000021
wherein m is1The dry mass of the steel slag after water washing; m is2Is the dry mass of loess.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the steel slag and the loess with corresponding mass are respectively weighed according to the lowest design steel slag doping amount, the weighed steel slag and the weighed loess are respectively washed, the loss rate of the washed steel slag and the sediment rate of the washed loess are determined, and the corrected actual steel slag doping amount value X is obtained2The following were used:
Figure BDA0003446336550000031
wherein m is1The dry mass of the steel slag after washing; m is a unit of2Is the dry mass of loess; beta is a beta1The loss rate (%) of the water-washed steel slag; beta is a beta2The loess precipitation rate (%) was measured.
Preferably, the steel slag with the mass m is weighed according to the lowest designed steel slag mixing amount, and the steel slag with the mass m is washed with water, so that the loss rate beta of the washed steel slag1The following were used:
Figure BDA0003446336550000032
wherein m is3The mass of the steel slag is m, and the steel slag is dry.
Preferably, the loess with the mass of n is weighed according to the lowest design steel slag mixing amount, the loess with the mass of n is washed with water, and the loess sedimentation rate beta is obtained by washing the loess with water2The following were used:
Figure BDA0003446336550000033
wherein m is4The dry mass of the deposited gravel soil obtained after washing the loess with mass n with water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention achieves the following technical effects:
the invention adopts a water washing method to detect the mixing amount of the steel slag, and the method has the principle that the density of the steel slag is far higher than the density of loess and water, and the loess is soluble in water and the steel slag is insoluble in water. The steel slag modified loess mixture is washed for many times, the steel slag sinks to the bottom, and the loess and the water are fused and float on the upper part, so that the steel slag and the loess are separated, and the steel slag mixing amount can be calculated after the steel slag is dried. The invention can judge the steel slag mixing amount and the mixing uniformity of the on-site mixed stabilized soil.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a water-washed steel slag of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sampling of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between the amount of steel slag added and the water stability, wherein the abscissa is the amount of steel slag added, the left side of the ordinate is the unconfined compressive strength (MPa), and the right side of the ordinate is the percentage (%) of loss of soaking strength;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the variability and error range of parallel measurement of steel slag content, with the abscissa representing the number of samples of parallel measurement and the ordinate representing the steel slag content (%);
wherein: 1-water, 2-mixture, 3-steel slag and 4-container.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting the steel slag doping amount in steel slag stabilized loess, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, separates the steel slag from the loess through a water washing method, calculates the steel slag doping amount, is convenient, effective, strong in practicability, convenient to operate and easy to popularize and use in engineering practice.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description thereof.
The embodiment provides a method for detecting the steel slag mixing amount in steel slag stabilized loess, which comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreating a steel slag raw material to obtain steel slag with required particle size;
in the embodiment, the wine steel slag is selected as a steel slag raw material, the steel slag raw material is subjected to primary jaw crushing and secondary hammer crushing, the steel slag is crushed and sieved to obtain a steel slag fine aggregate below 3mm, the concrete size of the steel slag fine aggregate for improving loess is determined to be 2.36mm through vibration sieving, and the sieve mesh passing rate is 100%, so that the wine steel slag has the gelling property and can be used for replacing cement, lime and the like for stabilizing a highway roadbed in a loess area;
determining the optimal water content and the lowest design steel slag mixing amount;
in this embodiment, in the second step, five different steel slag admixtures are designed, where the steel slag admixtures are 10%, 13%, 15%, 17% and 20%, the steel slag of each steel slag admixture is mixed with loess under different water content conditions (the water content is 8%, 10%, 12%, 14% and 16%, respectively, and the water content is selected according to the regulations of the compaction test T0131 of the soil in the highway soil engineering test regulation (JTG E40)) to form a stable loess mixture, and then the loess mixture of each steel slag admixture is tested according to the heavy compaction test T0131 in the highway soil engineering test regulation (JTG 3430) after soil is stuffy for one day and night, so as to obtain the optimal water content and the maximum dry density of the loess mixture of different steel slag admixtures, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of modified loess with different contents of steel slag
Figure BDA0003446336550000051
In the embodiment, cylindrical test pieces with the diameter and the height of 50mm are respectively prepared from loess mixtures with different steel slag mixing amounts under the conditions of the optimal water content and the maximum dry density, after the test pieces are subjected to health preservation for 7 days under standard culture conditions (the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent and the temperature is 23 +/-2 ℃), the unconfined compressive strength and the water immersion strength loss rate of each test piece are tested, and the lowest design steel slag mixing amount is determined to be 15 percent according to the unconfined compressive strength of not less than 0.5MPa and the water immersion strength loss of not more than 50 percent (according to loess area highway subgrade design specifications (DB 62/T2991)), and the result is shown in figure 3;
measuring the steel slag, water and loess according to the minimum design steel slag mixing amount and the optimal water content corresponding to the minimum design steel slag mixing amount, and mixing the steel slag, the water and the loess to obtain a mixture;
in the embodiment, in the third step, when steel slag, water and loess are mixed, 200g of dry loess is weighed firstly, water and loess with corresponding mass are mixed according to the optimal water content of 11.4 percent to obtain a yellow soil material, after the mixing is finished, the loess material is wrapped by a plastic film and is placed in an environment with the humidity of more than 50 percent and the temperature of room temperature for blank filling, specifically, the blank filling is carried out for at least 24 hours in the environment with the humidity of more than or equal to 95 percent and the temperature of 23 +/-2 ℃, after the blank filling is finished, 15 percent of steel slag is mixed into the loess material after the blank filling according to an external mixing method, and the mixture is obtained by manually stirring or mechanically stirring uniformly;
step four, before drying the uniformly mixed mixture, sampling the mixture to determine whether the mixture is uniform, and if the mixture is not uniform, mixing the mixture until the mixture is uniform;
in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, when a mixture is sampled, the mixture is sampled in the plane direction and the depth direction respectively, the sampling is performed at intervals of 50m along the extending direction of a road in the plane direction, the sampling is performed at intervals from top to bottom in the depth range of a sampling point in the plane direction in the depth direction, namely, the sampling is performed at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part in the depth direction, each sampling is not less than 500g, the sampling 500g is representative, the range and the quality must be expanded in field sampling, a small amount can be taken for detection after mixing in a laboratory, the mixing uniformity of the mixture can be judged from a three-dimensional angle by adopting the sampling method, the mixture after sampling is manually stirred, and 230g is sampled for detection in subsequent steps on the basis; in the embodiment, indoor test mixing sampling detection verification is adopted, namely 230g of mixed stabilized soil is directly sampled for detection; the error is easily increased due to excessive sampling, the sampling is not representative, and the data is stable and has small variability when the sampling is about 230g through tests;
drying the obtained sample (230g) to constant weight by adopting an alcohol burning method or an oven (105-110 ℃), aiming at removing the influence of water, because the doping amount of the steel slag is the ratio of the dry mass of the steel slag to the mass of the loess, testing the drying mass and calculating the water content, as shown in figure 1, washing the dried mixture, selecting a container with the depth of no less than 15cm during washing, reducing the loss rate of the steel slag when washing the mixture of the steel slag and the loess, because when pouring the upper layer loess solution, the container with too small depth can easily take away part of the steel slag powder, influencing the detection accuracy of the doping amount of the steel slag, preventing the water flow from being too large, avoiding the splashing of steel slag particles, simultaneously stirring by adopting a stirring rod during washing to accelerate the fusion of the loess and water, standing for 30s after stirring for several times, slowly pouring the upper part of the dissolved loess mixed solution, repeatedly washing until the steel slag liquid is clear and floating up at the bottom of the container, drying the steel slag after washing or quickly drying the steel slag by using alcohol on site, weighing, and calculating to obtain an initial value of the steel slag mixing amount, wherein the initial value of the steel slag mixing amount is X in the embodiment1(%),X1Is calculated byThe following were used:
Figure BDA0003446336550000061
wherein m is1The dry mass of the steel slag after washing; m is a unit of2M is the dry mass of loess1And m2The units of (A) are all g;
the initial value of the steel slag content is shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 initial value of steel slag content measured by water washing method
Figure BDA0003446336550000062
Figure BDA0003446336550000071
Step five, because the steel slag contains soil and the like, the mixing amount of the steel slag is reduced after washing, and therefore the influence factor needs to be considered; gravel is mixed in the loess, the gravel is mixed in the steel slag after washing to increase the mixing amount of the steel slag, and the gravel is mixed in the steel slag after washing to cause errors of the mixing amount of the steel slag, so the factor also needs to be considered;
in the fifth step, respectively weighing steel slag and loess with corresponding mass according to the lowest design steel slag mixing amount, respectively washing the weighed steel slag and loess, and determining the loss rate of the washed steel slag and the sediment rate of the washed loess;
in this example, β is carried out1And beta2During the calculation, 30g of steel slag and 200g of loess are respectively weighed according to the steel slag mixing amount of 15 percent, the steel slag and the loess are separately washed, and at least 5 groups of tests are paralleled to obtain an average value; specifically, steel slag with the mass of m (30g) is weighed according to the lowest designed steel slag mixing amount, and the steel slag with the mass of m is washed with water, so that the loss rate beta of the washed steel slag1The following:
Figure BDA0003446336550000072
wherein m is3The dry mass of the steel slag obtained after washing the steel slag with mass m, m and m3The units of (A) are g;
water washing steel slag loss rate beta1As in table 3 below:
TABLE 3 Water washing steel slag loss rate
Figure BDA0003446336550000073
Figure BDA0003446336550000081
In this embodiment, the loess with a mass of n (200g) is weighed according to the minimum design steel slag mixing amount, washed with water, and the loess precipitation rate β is obtained by washing the loess with water2The following:
Figure BDA0003446336550000082
wherein m is4The dry mass of the deposited gravel soil obtained after washing the loess with mass n with water, n and m4The units of (A) are all g;
washing loess sediment rate beta2As shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 loess-washing rate
Figure BDA0003446336550000083
Beta when the steel slag batch changes1Recalibration is needed; when loess changes, beta2Recalibration is needed;
further obtaining the corrected actual value X of the steel slag doping amount2(%) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003446336550000091
wherein m is1The dry mass of the steel slag after washing; m is a unit of2Is the dry mass of loess, m1And m2The units of (A) are g; beta is a1The loss rate (%) of the water-washed steel slag; beta is a beta2The loess precipitation rate (%) was measured.
The loss rate beta of the washed steel slag calculated above13.26 percent, and the loess washing sediment rate beta2It was 1.09%. The coefficient of variation of the results obtained by the parallel 5 groups of tests is not more than 10 percent, and if the coefficient of variation is more than 10 percent, the abnormal values need to be eliminated for retesting. The initial value of the steel slag doping amount is corrected according to the correction coefficient, and the result is shown in table 5:
TABLE 5 actual value of steel slag content after correction
Figure BDA0003446336550000092
After correction, the actual value of the steel slag doping amount is 14.5%, which is only 0.5% different from the lowest design steel slag doping amount, and the error of 0.5% is related to uncertain factors of loess and steel slag, such as different dust content of the steel slag and different quality of loess sediment in each sampling, so certain error can be caused. However, the maximum error is 0.6%, the minimum error is 0.4%, and the average value is 0.5%, which is small and negligible. In addition, the error is beneficial to the effect of the actual on-site steel slag modified soil, because the actual value of the steel slag doping amount is 0.5 percent larger than the lowest design steel slag doping amount, and because the error is a negative value, when the method detects that the steel slag doping amount is the lowest design steel slag doping amount, the actual value of the steel slag doping amount is larger than the lowest design steel slag doping amount. FIG. 4 shows that the steel slag content obtained from the parallel 5-group test has a coefficient of variation of only 0.41%. The method for detecting the content of the steel slag is proved to be feasible.
In the method for detecting the steel slag mixing amount in the steel slag stabilized loess, the steel slag and the loess are separated by a water washing method, so that the steel slag mixing amount is calculated. By the method, whether the steel slag mixing amount is enough in the actual construction process can be judged, and the mixing uniformity can be judged simultaneously so as to adjust the spreading parameters of the spreading vehicle and the mixing parameters of the mixer. If the plant mixing method is adopted for construction, the mixing station parameters can be calibrated through the method. The method for detecting the steel slag mixing amount in the steel slag stabilized loess is used as a key control means for the construction quality of the steel slag stabilized loess. The method for detecting the steel slag mixing amount in the steel slag stabilized loess has the advantages of convenience in operation, simple process, easiness in acceptance, accurate detection result and benefit for construction quality control.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for detecting the steel slag mixing amount in steel slag stabilized loess is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreating a steel slag raw material to obtain steel slag with a required particle size;
determining the optimal water content and the lowest design steel slag mixing amount;
measuring the steel slag, water and loess according to the minimum design steel slag mixing amount and the optimal water content corresponding to the minimum design steel slag mixing amount, and mixing the steel slag, the water and the loess to obtain a mixture;
step four, drying the uniformly mixed mixture, testing the drying quality and calculating the water content, washing the dried mixture, drying and weighing the washed steel slag to obtain an initial value of the steel slag mixing amount,
and step five, correcting the initial value of the steel slag doping amount to obtain an actual value of the steel slag doping amount.
2. The method for detecting the content of the steel slag in the steel slag stabilized loess as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the second step, different steel slag mixing amounts are designed, the steel slag of each steel slag mixing amount is respectively mixed with loess under different water content conditions to form a stable loess mixed material, the loess mixed material of each steel slag mixing amount is tested to obtain the optimal water content and the maximum dry density of the loess mixed material of different steel slag mixing amounts, the loess mixed materials of different steel slag mixing amounts are respectively made into test pieces under the conditions of the optimal water content and the maximum dry density, the test pieces are tested, and the lowest design steel slag mixing amount is determined.
3. The method for detecting the content of the steel slag in the steel slag stabilized loess as claimed in claim 2, wherein: respectively preparing cylindrical test pieces from loess mixtures with different steel slag mixing amounts under the conditions of optimal water content and maximum dry density, testing the unconfined compressive strength and the water immersion strength loss rate of each test piece after curing for 7 days under standard culture conditions, and determining the lowest design steel slag mixing amount according to the unconfined compressive strength of not less than 0.5MPa and the water immersion strength loss of not more than 50%.
4. The method for detecting the content of the steel slag in the steel slag stabilized loess as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the third step, when the steel slag, the water and the loess are mixed to obtain a loess material, the loess material is subjected to material sealing, the steel slag is mixed into the loess material subjected to material sealing, and the mixture is mixed to obtain a mixture.
5. The method for detecting the content of the steel slag in the steel slag stabilized loess as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, before the uniform mixture is dried, the mixture needs to be sampled to determine whether the mixture is uniform, and if the mixture is not uniform, the mixture is mixed until the mixture is uniform.
6. The method for detecting the steel slag content in the steel slag stabilized loess as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the mixture is sampled, the mixture is sampled in the plane direction and the depth direction respectively, the sampling is carried out at intervals along the extending direction of the road in the plane direction according to an S shape, and the sampling is carried out at intervals from top to bottom in the depth direction within the depth range of the sampling point in the plane direction.
7. The method for detecting the content of the steel slag in the steel slag stabilized loess as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the initial value of the steel slag mixing amount is X1,X1The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003446336540000021
wherein m is1The dry mass of the steel slag after washing; m is2Is the dry mass of loess.
8. The method for detecting the content of the steel slag in the steel slag stabilized loess as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, steel slag and loess with corresponding mass are respectively weighed according to the lowest design steel slag mixing amount, the weighed steel slag and loess are respectively washed, the water washing steel slag loss rate and the water washing loess sedimentation rate are determined, and the corrected actual value X of the steel slag mixing amount is obtained2The following:
Figure FDA0003446336540000022
wherein m is1The dry mass of the steel slag after washing; m is2Is the dry mass of loess; beta is a beta1The loss rate (%) of the water-washed steel slag; beta is a2The loess precipitation rate (%) was measured.
9. The method for detecting the content of the steel slag in the steel slag stabilized loess according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: weighing the steel slag with the mass m according to the minimum design steel slag mixing amount, washing the steel slag with the mass m, and washing the steel slag with the water to obtain the steel slag loss rate beta1The following were used:
Figure FDA0003446336540000023
wherein,m3The mass of the steel slag is m, and the steel slag is dry.
10. The method for detecting the content of the steel slag in the steel slag stabilized loess according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: weighing n mass of loess according to the minimum design steel slag mixing amount, washing the n mass of loess with water, and washing the loess with a residue settling rate beta2The following were used:
Figure FDA0003446336540000031
wherein m is4The dry mass of the deposited gravel soil obtained after washing the loess with mass n with water.
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