CN114739621B - Three-dimensional motion trajectory real-time observation system for airplane mechanics test and observation method thereof - Google Patents
Three-dimensional motion trajectory real-time observation system for airplane mechanics test and observation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114739621B CN114739621B CN202210671022.5A CN202210671022A CN114739621B CN 114739621 B CN114739621 B CN 114739621B CN 202210671022 A CN202210671022 A CN 202210671022A CN 114739621 B CN114739621 B CN 114739621B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
- B64F5/60—Testing or inspecting aircraft components or systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/08—Testing mechanical properties
- G01M11/081—Testing mechanical properties by using a contact-less detection method, i.e. with a camera
Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional motion trail real-time observation system for airplane mechanical testing and an observation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of airplane testing. The intelligent observation system comprises an observation support main body with an installation notch at the upper end, a closed space assembly arranged at the installation notch, an intelligent control assembly arranged on the observation support main body, a vibration energy supply assembly, a two-position camera assembly, a light source assembly for illuminating the observation system and an intelligent control assembly for controlling the normal operation of the observation system. The observation system and the observation method thereof are mainly used for observing the three-dimensional motion track of the object in the closed space structure such as the fuel tank of the airplane and the like in real time, observing the motion of the object in the closed space structure such as the fuel tank of the airplane and the like, and observing the shaking of the fluid in the closed structure, so that the experimental verification capability is improved, the further analysis and the calculation are not needed in the modes such as numerical simulation, and the application prospect is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of airplane testing, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional motion trajectory real-time observation system for airplane mechanical testing and an observation method thereof.
Background
In the flying process of the airplane, due to the large-power overload factor, fuel oil randomly shakes in the fuel tank, so that the fuel tank is easy to crack and even seriously damaged, and the airplane possibly loses an important composition structure. Therefore, it is necessary to study the bearing performance of the enclosed space structure such as the fuel tank, etc., and it is necessary to observe the motion law and motion mode of the internal object, so as to provide support and help for further strength evaluation.
At present, in the field of aircraft mechanics testing, the strength evaluation of a related closed space structure is mainly based on various experimental platforms, related experiments are carried out, stress-strain data or acceleration response curves of a typical structure are obtained, the closed space structure is opened after the experiments, and the damage condition inside the closed space structure is observed, so that the evaluation is carried out. Meanwhile, aiming at some larger closed space structures, devices such as a camera are arranged in the closed space structures to observe the movement of the internal object, but the closed space structures still have limitation, the devices such as the camera can influence the movement of the internal object, and the closed space structures cannot be applied to small closed space structures at all.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a three-dimensional motion trail real-time observation system for an airplane mechanical test and an observation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the three-dimensional motion trail real-time observation system for the airplane mechanical test comprises an observation support main body, a closed space assembly, a vibration energy supply assembly, a two-position camera assembly, a light source assembly and an intelligent control assembly, wherein the upper end of the observation support main body is provided with an installation notch, the closed space assembly is arranged at the installation notch, the vibration energy supply assembly is arranged on the observation support main body, the light source assembly illuminates the observation system, and the intelligent control assembly controls the observation system to normally operate;
the closed space assembly comprises a closed box body, a sealing door and an inclined reflector, wherein the closed box body is clamped in the mounting notch, the bottom end of the closed box body is provided with a first transparent shooting port, the sealing door is arranged on the side wall of the closed box body, the inclined reflector is positioned at the right lower end of the first transparent shooting port, a vibrating object is placed in the closed box body, and the sealing door is provided with a second transparent shooting port;
a plurality of spring buffer columns are uniformly arranged on the inner walls of the mounting notches, a clinging mounting piece is arranged on each spring buffer column and on one side far away from the inner wall of the mounting notch, the closed box body is placed in the mounting notch, and the outer wall of the closed box body is connected with the clinging mounting piece;
the vibration energy supply assembly comprises a vibration installation cover arranged outside the closed box body in a covering mode, a plurality of vibration air hammers arranged on the inner wall of the vibration installation cover, an air filter used for connecting the vibration installation cover and an external air source, and an electric proportional valve arranged at the connecting position of the air filter and the vibration installation cover;
the double-position camera assembly comprises a first double-position camera and a second double-position camera, wherein the first double-position camera is distributed opposite to the inclined reflector, and the second double-position camera is distributed opposite to the second transparent shooting port; the intelligent control assembly comprises a controller and an air pressure sensor, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the air filter, the electric proportional valve, the first two-phase motor and the second two-phase motor, and the air pressure sensor is used for detecting the air pressure in the vibration installation cover.
Furthermore, the bottom of the observation support main body is provided with an adjusting and mounting assembly for mounting the inclined reflector, the adjusting and mounting assembly comprises a mounting plate, an adjusting rod, a mounting frame, a screw motor and an angle sensor, the mounting plate is arranged at the bottom of the observation support main body, the horizontal adjusting screw rod is arranged at the upper end of the mounting plate, the adjusting rod is connected with the horizontal adjusting screw rod through a threaded slider, the mounting frame is slidably connected with the end, away from the threaded slider, of the adjusting rod, the screw motor drives the horizontal adjusting screw rod to rotate, the angle sensor is arranged at the bottom end of the mounting frame, the inclined reflector is clamped in the mounting frame, when the angle of the inclined reflector needs to be adjusted, the horizontal adjusting screw rod is driven to rotate through the screw motor, the threaded slider moves on the horizontal adjusting screw rod, at the moment, the adjusting rod slides at the bottom end of the mounting frame, the inclination angles of the mounting frame and the inclined reflector are changed, meanwhile, the inclination angle of the inclined reflector is monitored in real time through the angle sensor, when the preset inclination angle is reached, the spiral motor is turned off, and through the operation, the requirements of different inclination angles can be met, and the operation is convenient, safe and reliable.
Furthermore, the installing frame includes that the terminal surface is equipped with the fixing base of grafting opening, passes through the grafting opening can be on the fixing base gliding removal joint board, through the spliced pole with the operation panel that removal joint board is connected, the fixing base left and right sides is equipped with a plurality of spacing fixed orificess respectively, the removal joint board left and right sides is equipped with the fastening bolt that can insert in the spacing fixed orifices respectively, slides to different positions on the fixing base through removing the joint board to fixing removal joint board in inserting corresponding spacing fixed orifices through fastening bolt, can satisfy not unidimensional slope reflector panel's installation and use, extensive applicability.
Furthermore, the first two-position camera is equal to the center of the inclined reflector, the second two-position camera is equal to the center of the second transparent shooting port, the accuracy of the shooting angle is guaranteed by limiting the positions of the lenses of the first two-position camera and the second two-position camera, and the observation precision of the observation system is prevented from being reduced due to the deviation of the shooting angle.
Further, the vibration air hammer include through the person in charge with the vibration shell of vibration installation cover intercommunication, with vibration shell inner wall sliding connection's vibrating piston, one end with vibrating piston connects perpendicularly and the other end runs through the vibration shell and extends to outside air hammer pole, locate the vibration shell with be responsible for branch pipe between, be responsible for and be equipped with first solenoid valve, be equipped with the second solenoid valve on the branch pipe, after the air supply got into the vibration installation cover, can get into in each vibration air hammer, concrete process was: firstly, opening a first electromagnetic valve, pushing a vibration piston to slide in a vibration shell by using an air source to enable an air hammer rod to hammer the closed box body, then closing the first electromagnetic valve, opening a second electromagnetic valve, pushing the vibration piston to slide in the vibration shell in the opposite direction by using the air source to enable the air hammer rod to leave the surface of the closed box body, and repeating the operation to finish the repeated hammering of the closed box body.
Furthermore, the vibration shell inner wall evenly is equipped with a plurality of slip cross slots along length direction, the vibrating piston inside and outside wall be equipped with slip cross slot one-to-one and sliding connection's slip ball through the setting of slip ball, can reduce the sliding resistance between vibrating piston and the vibration shell inner wall, increases vibrating piston's slip frequency and air hammer pole to the hammering frequency of airtight box, improves the work efficiency of vibration energy supply subassembly.
Furthermore, an oil atomizer is connected to the vibration shell, an oil discharge port is formed in the bottom end of the vibration shell, and sliding balls are lubricated through the oil atomizer, so that sliding resistance between the vibration piston and the inner wall of the vibration shell is further reduced.
Further, the vibration installation cover lateral wall is equipped with a plurality of atmospheric pressure exports with vibration pneumatic hammer one-to-one, and every the atmospheric pressure exit all is equipped with the third solenoid valve, and every the third solenoid valve all is connected with the controller, through opening and close of the third solenoid valve of controller control different quantity, makes the vibration pneumatic hammer of different quantity uninterruptedly carry out the hammering to airtight box, simultaneously, because the vibration pneumatic hammer of different quantity can distribute the gas of different pressure, makes the vibration pneumatic hammer adopt different dynamics to carry out the hammering to airtight box, the bearing performance of structure when the reduction aircraft actually flies as far as true.
The invention also discloses an observation method of the three-dimensional motion track real-time observation system for the aircraft mechanics test, which comprises the following steps:
s1 adjustment of inclined reflector angle
The observation support main body is moved to a position to be observed, the spiral motor is started through the controller, the horizontal adjusting spiral rod is driven to rotate through the spiral motor, the threaded sliding block moves on the horizontal adjusting spiral rod, at the moment, the adjusting rod slides at the bottom end of the installing frame, the inclination angles of the installing frame and the inclined reflector are changed, meanwhile, the inclination angle of the inclined reflector is monitored in real time through the angle sensor, and when the inclination angle reaches a preset angle, the spiral motor is turned off;
s2 adjustment of shooting angle
Adjusting the positions of the first double-position camera and the second double-position camera to enable the first double-position camera to be equal in height with the central position of the inclined reflector and the second double-position camera to be equal in height with the central position of the second transparent shooting port;
s3, repeatedly hammering the closed box body
Let in outside air supply to the vibration installation cover, at this moment, the air supply gets into electric proportional valve and carries out the regulation of pressure after air cleaner filters impurity, then, in the vibration installation cover gets into different vibration air hammers, concrete process is: firstly, opening a first electromagnetic valve to enable an air source to push a vibration piston to slide in a vibration shell so as to enable an air hammer rod to hammer the closed box body, then closing the first electromagnetic valve, opening a second electromagnetic valve to enable the air source to push the vibration piston to slide in the vibration shell in the opposite direction so as to enable the air hammer rod to leave the surface of the closed box body, and repeating the operation to finish repeated hammering of the closed box body;
s4, observing and shooting three-dimensional motion trail
In the hammering process, the vibrating object in the closed box body randomly shakes to generate a three-dimensional motion track S, meanwhile, the three-dimensional motion track S of the vibrating object is projected on a horizontal plane through the inclined reflector, then the first dual-phase camera shoots the three-dimensional motion track S of the vibrating object projected on the horizontal plane through the first transparent shooting port and sends the three-dimensional motion track S to the controller, and the second dual-phase camera shoots the three-dimensional motion track S of the vibrating object projected on the vertical plane through the second transparent shooting port and sends the three-dimensional motion track S to the controller;
s5, calculation of three-dimensional motion trajectory
The controller decomposes the speed/displacement of the three-dimensional motion track S of the vibrating object by using an orthogonal coordinate system XYZ, and uses S as the motion track on the XOY plane which is the horizontal plane photographed by the first double-phase camera 1 The motion trajectory on the XOZ plane, which is the vertical plane photographed by the second two-phase camera, is represented by S 2 Is shown in which S 1 The motion speed/displacement of the object is represented as:
S 2 the motion speed/displacement of the object is represented as:
the speed/displacement of motion of the object of S is then:
in formulae (1), (2) and (3), s x For displacement in the x direction, v x For speed in x direction, s y For displacement in the y direction, v y For speed in y direction, s z For displacement in the z direction, v z The speed along the z direction, i is a unit vector in the positive direction of an x axis, j is a unit vector in the positive direction of a y axis, and k is a unit vector in the positive direction of a z axis; the numerical value in the formula (3) can be obtained by the formulas (1) and (2), and the three-dimensional motion track of the vibrating object in the closed box body can be obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a three-dimensional motion track real-time observation system for aircraft mechanical testing and an observation method thereof, which are mainly used for real-time observation of three-dimensional motion tracks of objects in a closed space structure such as an aircraft fuel tank and the like, observation experiments of motion of objects in the closed space structure such as the aircraft fuel tank and the like, and observation experiments of fluid shaking in the closed structure, so that the experimental verification capability is increased, further analysis and calculation are not needed in a mode such as numerical simulation, and the like, and the system has a wide application prospect;
(2) when the three-dimensional motion trail of the internal object is observed, the damage condition and the object shaking condition inside the closed box body can be observed in real time through the first transparent shooting port and the second transparent shooting port, and meanwhile, the double-position camera assembly is arranged outside the closed box body, so that the influence on the motion of the internal object is avoided, and the reliability of an observation system is improved;
(3) the vibration energy supply assembly simulates external power to hammer the outer wall of the closed box body, in the hammering process, the closed box body is hammered uninterruptedly through the vibration air hammers with different numbers, and meanwhile, the vibration air hammers with different numbers can distribute air with different pressures, so that the vibration air hammers can hammer the closed box body with different force, and the bearing performance of the structure of the airplane in actual flight is restored as truly as possible.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the viewing support body of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the adjustment mounting assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the mounting frame of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the viewing support body of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the vibrating air hammer of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a side view of the vibrating housing of the present invention;
wherein, 1-observation supporting main body, 10-installation notch, 100-spring buffer column, 101-clinging installation piece, 11-adjustment installation component, 110-installation plate, 1100-horizontal adjustment screw rod, 111-adjustment rod, 1110-thread sliding block, 112-installation frame, 1120-fixed seat, 1121-movable clamping plate, 1122-operation plate, 1123-limit fixed hole, 1124-fastening bolt, 113-screw motor, 114-angle sensor, 115-splicing notch, 116-connection column, 2-closed space component, 20-closed box body, 200-first transparent shooting port, 21-sealing door, 210-second transparent shooting port, 22-inclined reflector, 3-vibration energy supply component, 30-vibration installation cover, 300-air pressure outlet, 301-third electromagnetic valve, 31-vibration air hammer, 310-vibration shell, 3100-main pipe, 3101-first electromagnetic valve, 311-vibration piston, 312-air hammer rod, 313-branch pipe, 3130-second electromagnetic valve, 314-sliding transverse groove, 315-sliding ball, 316-oil atomizer, 317-oil outlet, 32-air filter, 33-electric proportional valve, 4-two-position camera component, 40-first two-position camera, 41-second two-position camera, 5-light source component, 6-intelligent control component, 60-controller, 61-air pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail by examples below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the three-dimensional motion trajectory real-time observation system for the aircraft mechanics test comprises an observation support main body 1, a closed space assembly 2, a vibration energy supply assembly 3, a two-position camera assembly 4, a light source assembly 5 and an intelligent control assembly 6, wherein the upper end of the observation support main body 1 is provided with an installation notch 10, the vibration energy supply assembly is arranged at the installation notch 10, the light source assembly 5 is arranged on the observation support main body 1, and the intelligent control assembly 6 is used for controlling the observation system to normally operate;
the closed space assembly 2 comprises a closed box body 20, a sealing door 21 and an inclined light reflecting plate 22, wherein the closed box body 20 is clamped in the installation notch 10, the bottom end of the closed box body is provided with a first transparent shooting port 200, the sealing door 21 is arranged on the side wall of the closed box body 20, the inclined light reflecting plate 22 is positioned right below the first transparent shooting port 200, a vibrating object is placed in the closed box body 20, and the sealing door 21 is provided with a second transparent shooting port 210;
as shown in fig. 3, 10 spring buffer columns 100 are uniformly arranged on each inner wall of the installation recess 10, a close-fitting installation piece 101 is arranged on each spring buffer column 100 and on one side far away from the inner wall of the installation recess 10, the closed box body 20 is placed in the installation recess 10, and the outer wall of the closed box body is connected with the close-fitting installation piece 101;
as shown in fig. 2 and 6, the vibration energy supply assembly 3 includes a vibration installation cover 30 covering the outside of the closed box 20, 20 vibration air hammers 31 arranged on the inner wall of the vibration installation cover 30, an air filter 32 for connecting the vibration installation cover 30 with an external air source, and an electric proportional valve 33 arranged at the connection position of the air filter 32 and the vibration installation cover 30;
the two-position camera assembly 4 includes a first two-position camera 40 disposed opposite to the inclined reflector 22, and a second two-position camera 41 disposed opposite to the second transparent photographing opening 210;
the first two-position camera 40 is as high as the central position of the inclined reflector 22, and the second two-position camera 41 is as high as the central position of the second transparent shooting opening 210;
as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the vibration air hammer 31 includes a vibration housing 310 communicated with the vibration mounting cover 30 through a main pipe 3100, a vibration piston 311 slidably connected to an inner wall of the vibration housing 310, an air hammer rod 312 having one end vertically connected to the vibration piston 311 and the other end penetrating through the vibration housing 310 and extending to the outside, and a branch pipe 313 provided between the vibration housing 310 and the main pipe 3100, wherein the main pipe 3100 is provided with a first solenoid valve 3101, and the branch pipe 313 is provided with a second solenoid valve 3130;
the inner wall of the vibration shell 310 is uniformly provided with 4 sliding transverse grooves 314 along the length direction, and the inner wall and the outer wall of the vibration piston 311 are provided with sliding balls 315 which correspond to the sliding transverse grooves 314 one by one and are connected in a sliding manner;
the vibrating shell 310 is connected with an oil atomizer 316, and the bottom end of the vibrating shell 310 is provided with an oil outlet 317;
the side wall of the vibration installation cover 30 is provided with 20 air pressure outlets 300 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the vibration air hammers 31, each air pressure outlet 300 is provided with a third electromagnetic valve 301, and each third electromagnetic valve 301 is connected with the controller 60;
the intelligent control module 6 includes a controller 60 electrically connected to the air filter 32, the electric proportional valve 33, the first two-phase motor 40, the second two-phase motor 41, the first solenoid valve 3101, the second solenoid valve 3130, the oil mist generator 316, and the third solenoid valve 301, and an air pressure sensor 61 for detecting the air pressure in the vibration-mounting cover 30.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the bottom end of the observation support main body 1 is provided with an adjusting and mounting assembly 11 for mounting the inclined reflector 22, the adjusting and mounting assembly 11 includes a mounting plate 110 disposed at the bottom end of the observation support main body 1 and provided with a horizontal adjusting screw 1100 at the upper end thereof, an adjusting rod 111 connected with the horizontal adjusting screw 1100 through a threaded slider 1110, a mounting frame 112 slidably connected with the adjusting rod 111 at the bottom end thereof far from the threaded slider 1110, a screw motor 113 for driving the horizontal adjusting screw 1100 to rotate, and an angle sensor 114 disposed at the bottom end of the mounting frame 112, and the inclined reflector 22 is clamped in the mounting frame 112;
the mounting frame 112 includes a fixing base 1120 having a lower end surface provided with an insertion opening 115, a movable clamping plate 1121 capable of sliding on the fixing base 1120 through the insertion opening 115, and an operation plate 1122 connected to the movable clamping plate 1121 through a connection column 116, wherein 10 limiting fixing holes 1123 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the fixing base 1120, and fastening bolts 1124 insertable into the limiting fixing holes 1123 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the movable clamping plate 1121.
Example 3
The present embodiment describes an observation method of the three-dimensional motion trajectory real-time observation system for aircraft mechanical testing in embodiment 2, including the following steps:
s1 adjustment of inclined reflector angle
Moving the observation support main body 1 to a position to be observed, starting the screw motor 113 through the controller 60, driving the horizontal adjustment screw rod 1100 to rotate through the screw motor 113, so that the threaded sliding block 1110 moves on the horizontal adjustment screw rod 1100, at the moment, the adjusting rod 111 slides at the bottom end of the mounting frame 112, so that the inclination angles of the mounting frame 112 and the inclined reflector 22 are changed, meanwhile, monitoring the inclination angle of the inclined reflector 22 in real time through the angle sensor 114, and when the inclination angle is 45 degrees, closing the screw motor 113;
s2 adjustment of shooting angle
Adjusting the positions of the first dual-phase camera 40 and the second dual-phase camera 41 to make the first dual-phase camera 40 and the inclined reflector 22 have the same height, and the second dual-phase camera 41 and the second transparent shooting port 210 have the same height;
s3, repeatedly hammering the closed box body
Let in outside air supply to vibration installation cover 30, at this moment, the air supply filters behind impurity through air cleaner 32, gets into electric proportional valve 33 and carries out the regulation of pressure, then, in vibration installation cover 30 gets into different vibration air hammers 31, the concrete process is: firstly, opening a first electromagnetic valve 3101 to enable an air source to push a vibration piston 311 to slide in a vibration shell 310, enabling an air hammer rod 312 to hammer the closed box body 20, then closing the first electromagnetic valve 3101 and opening a second electromagnetic valve 3130 to enable the air source to push the vibration piston 311 to slide in a reverse direction in the vibration shell 310, enabling the air hammer rod 312 to leave the surface of the closed box body 20, and repeating the operation to finish the repeated hammering of the closed box body 20;
s4, observing and shooting three-dimensional motion trail
In the hammering process, the vibrating object in the closed box 20 randomly shakes to generate a three-dimensional motion track S, meanwhile, the three-dimensional motion track S of the vibrating object is projected on a horizontal plane through the inclined reflector 22, then the first two-position camera 40 shoots the three-dimensional motion track S of the vibrating object projected on the horizontal plane through the first transparent shooting port 200 and sends the three-dimensional motion track S to the controller 60, and the second two-position camera 41 shoots the three-dimensional motion track S of the vibrating object projected on the vertical plane through the second transparent shooting port 210 and sends the three-dimensional motion track S to the controller 60;
s5, calculation of three-dimensional motion trajectory
The controller 60 resolves the velocity/displacement of the three-dimensional motion trajectory S of the vibrating object using the orthogonal coordinate system XYZ, i.e. the motion trajectory on the horizontal plane, i.e. the XOY plane, as captured by the first two-position camera 40 is resolved by S 1 The locus of motion on the vertical plane, i.e., XOZ plane, photographed by the second two-position camera 41 is represented by S 2 Is shown in which S 1 The motion speed/displacement of the object is represented as:
S 2 the motion speed/displacement of the object is represented as:
the speed/displacement of motion of the object of S is then:
in formulae (1), (2) and (3), s x For displacement in the x direction, v x For speed in x direction, s y For displacement in the y direction, v y For speed in y direction, s z For displacement in the z direction, v z The speed along the z direction, i is a unit vector in the positive direction of an x axis, j is a unit vector in the positive direction of a y axis, and k is a unit vector in the positive direction of a z axis; the numerical value in the formula (3) can be obtained from the formulas (1) and (2), and the three-dimensional motion track of the vibrating object in the closed box 20 can be obtained.
Claims (3)
1. The three-dimensional motion trail real-time observation system for the airplane mechanical test is characterized by comprising an observation support main body (1) with an installation notch (10) at the upper end, a closed space assembly (2) arranged at the installation notch (10), a vibration energy supply assembly (3) arranged on the observation support main body (1), a two-position camera assembly (4), a light source assembly (5) for illuminating the observation system and an intelligent control assembly (6) for controlling the observation system to normally operate;
the sealed space assembly (2) comprises a sealed box body (20) which is clamped in the installation notch (10) and provided with a first transparent shooting port (200) at the bottom end, a sealing door (21) arranged on the side wall of the sealed box body (20), and an inclined light reflecting plate (22) positioned right below the first transparent shooting port (200), a vibrating object is placed in the sealed box body (20), and a second transparent shooting port (210) is arranged on the sealing door (21);
a plurality of spring buffer columns (100) are uniformly arranged on each inner wall of the installation notch (10), a clingy installation sheet (101) is arranged on each spring buffer column (100) and on one side far away from the inner wall of the installation notch (10), the closed box body (20) is placed in the installation notch (10), and the outer wall of the closed box body is connected with the clingy installation sheet (101);
the vibration energy supply assembly (3) comprises a vibration installation cover (30) arranged outside the closed box body (20) in a covering mode, a plurality of vibration air hammers (31) arranged on the inner wall of the vibration installation cover (30), an air filter (32) used for connecting the vibration installation cover (30) with an external air source, and an electric proportional valve (33) arranged at the connecting position of the air filter (32) and the vibration installation cover (30);
the double-position camera assembly (4) comprises a first double-position camera (40) distributed opposite to the inclined reflector (22) and a second double-position camera (41) distributed opposite to the second transparent shooting opening (210); the intelligent control assembly (6) comprises a controller (60) and an air pressure sensor (61), wherein the controller (60) is electrically connected with the air filter (32), the electric proportional valve (33), the first two-position camera (40) and the second two-position camera (41), and the air pressure sensor is used for detecting the air pressure in the vibration mounting cover (30);
the bottom end of the observation support main body (1) is provided with an adjusting and mounting assembly (11) for mounting an inclined light reflecting plate (22), the adjusting and mounting assembly (11) comprises a mounting plate (110) arranged at the bottom end of the observation support main body (1) and provided with a horizontal adjusting screw rod (1100) at the upper end, an adjusting rod (111) connected with the horizontal adjusting screw rod (1100) through a threaded sliding block (1110), a mounting frame (112) with the bottom end slidably connected with one end, far away from the threaded sliding block (1110), of the adjusting rod (111), a screw motor (113) driving the horizontal adjusting screw rod (1100) to rotate, and an angle sensor (114) arranged at the bottom end of the mounting frame (112), and the inclined light reflecting plate (22) is clamped in the mounting frame (112);
the mounting frame (112) comprises a fixed seat (1120) with an inserting opening (115) on the lower end face, a movable clamping plate (1121) capable of sliding on the fixed seat (1120) through the inserting opening (115), and an operating plate (1122) connected with the movable clamping plate (1121) through a connecting column (116), wherein a plurality of limiting fixing holes (1123) are formed in the left side and the right side of the fixed seat (1120), and fastening bolts (1124) capable of being inserted into the limiting fixing holes (1123) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the movable clamping plate (1121) respectively;
the vibration air hammer (31) comprises a vibration shell (310) communicated with a vibration installation cover (30) through a main pipe (3100), a vibration piston (311) in sliding connection with the inner wall of the vibration shell (310), an air hammer rod (312) with one end vertically connected with the vibration piston (311) and the other end penetrating through the vibration shell (310) and extending to the outside, and a branch pipe (313) arranged between the vibration shell (310) and the main pipe (3100), wherein a first electromagnetic valve (3101) is arranged on the main pipe (3100), and a second electromagnetic valve (3130) is arranged on the branch pipe (313);
a plurality of sliding transverse grooves (314) are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the vibration shell (310) along the length direction, and sliding balls (315) which correspond to the sliding transverse grooves (314) in a one-to-one manner and are connected in a sliding manner are arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the vibration piston (311);
the oil atomizer (316) is connected to the vibration shell (310), and an oil discharge port (317) is formed in the bottom end of the vibration shell (310);
vibration installation cover (30) lateral wall is equipped with a plurality of atmospheric pressure export (300) with vibration air hammer (31) one-to-one, and every atmospheric pressure export (300) department all is equipped with third solenoid valve (301), and every third solenoid valve (301) all are connected with controller (60).
2. The three-dimensional motion trajectory real-time observation system for the aircraft mechanical test according to claim 1, wherein the first two-position camera (40) is as high as the central position of the inclined reflector (22), and the second two-position camera (41) is as high as the central position of the second transparent shooting port (210).
3. The observation method of the three-dimensional motion track real-time observation system for the aircraft mechanical test according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 adjustment of inclined reflector angle
The observation supporting main body (1) is moved to a position needing to be observed, the spiral motor (113) is started through the controller (60), the horizontal adjusting screw rod (1100) is driven to rotate through the spiral motor (113), the threaded sliding block (1110) moves on the horizontal adjusting screw rod (1100), at the moment, the adjusting rod (111) slides at the bottom end of the mounting frame (112), the inclination angles of the mounting frame (112) and the inclined light reflecting plate (22) are changed, meanwhile, the inclination angle of the inclined light reflecting plate (22) is monitored in real time through the angle sensor (114), and when the inclination angle reaches a preset angle, the spiral motor (113) is turned off;
s2 adjustment of shooting angle
Adjusting the positions of the first two-position camera (40) and the second two-position camera (41) to enable the first two-position camera (40) and the central position of the inclined reflector (22) to be equal in height, and enable the second two-position camera (41) and the central position of the second transparent shooting port (210) to be equal in height;
s3, repeatedly hammering the closed box body
Let in outside air supply to vibration installation cover (30), at this moment, the air supply filters behind impurity through air cleaner (32), gets into electric proportional valve (33) and carries out the regulation of pressure, then, in vibration installation cover (30) gets into different vibration air hammer (31), specific process is: firstly, opening a first electromagnetic valve (3101), enabling an air source to push a vibration piston (311) to slide in a vibration shell (310), enabling an air hammer rod (312) to hammer the closed box body (20), then closing the first electromagnetic valve (3101), opening a second electromagnetic valve (3130), enabling the air source to push the vibration piston (311) to slide in the vibration shell (310) in the opposite direction, enabling the air hammer rod (312) to leave the surface of the closed box body (20), and repeating the operation to finish the repeated hammering of the closed box body (20);
s4, observing and shooting three-dimensional motion trail
In the hammering process, a vibrating object in the closed box body (20) randomly shakes to generate a three-dimensional motion track S, meanwhile, the three-dimensional motion track S of the vibrating object is projected on a horizontal plane through the inclined reflector (22), then, the three-dimensional motion track S of the vibrating object projected on the horizontal plane is shot by the first double-position camera (40) through the first transparent shooting port (200) and sent to the controller (60), and the three-dimensional motion track S of the vibrating object projected on the vertical plane is shot by the second double-position camera (41) through the second transparent shooting port (210) and sent to the controller (60);
s5, calculation of three-dimensional motion trajectory
The controller (60) decomposes the speed/displacement of the three-dimensional motion trajectory S of the vibrating object using an orthogonal coordinate system XYZ, and uses S as the motion trajectory on the XOY plane, which is the horizontal plane photographed by the first two-position camera (40) 1 The motion track on the vertical plane, namely XOZ plane, shot by the second two-position camera (41) is expressed by S 2 Is shown in which S 1 The motion speed/displacement of the object is represented as:
S 2 the motion speed/displacement of the object is represented as:
the speed/displacement of motion of the object of S is then:
in formulae (1), (2) and (3), s x For displacement in the x direction, v x Is the speed in the x direction, s y For displacement in the y direction, v y For speed in y direction, s z For displacement in the z direction, v z The speed along the z direction, i is a unit vector in the positive direction of an x axis, j is a unit vector in the positive direction of a y axis, and k is a unit vector in the positive direction of a z axis; the numerical value in the formula (3) can be obtained by the formulas (1) and (2), and the three-dimensional motion track of the vibrating object in the closed box body (20) can be obtained.
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