CN114735976A - Preparation method of waste incineration fly ash geopolymer concrete - Google Patents
Preparation method of waste incineration fly ash geopolymer concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN114735976A CN114735976A CN202210568823.9A CN202210568823A CN114735976A CN 114735976 A CN114735976 A CN 114735976A CN 202210568823 A CN202210568823 A CN 202210568823A CN 114735976 A CN114735976 A CN 114735976A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
- C04B18/105—Gaseous combustion products or dusts collected from waste incineration, e.g. sludge resulting from the purification of gaseous combustion products of waste incineration
- C04B18/106—Fly ash from waste incinerators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
- C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of waste incineration fly ash geopolymer concrete, which comprises five steps of preparing raw materials, preparing test geopolymer concrete, molding the test geopolymer concrete, detecting the test geopolymer concrete and preparing finished geopolymer concrete, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of dividing the prepared materials into a part of test materials, preparing the test fly ash geopolymer concrete according to the test materials, detecting the basic mechanical property of the test fly ash geopolymer concrete, readjusting the proportion of the materials if the detection result does not meet the requirement, preparing the secondary test fly ash geopolymer concrete by using the test materials, ensuring that the prepared test fly ash geopolymer concrete meets the requirement, preparing the finished geopolymer concrete according to the proportion of the test fly ash geopolymer concrete meeting the requirement, preparing the finished geopolymer concrete by a mode of firstly testing and then preparing a finished product, the loss of the material is reduced, and the input cost of the material is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geopolymer concrete, in particular to a preparation method of waste incineration fly ash geopolymer concrete.
Background
The MFA is a powdery substance collected by a flue gas purification system during incineration of the Municipal solid waste, and is rich in dioxin, leachable toxic substances such as heavy metals and the like which are difficult to naturally degrade, and if the MFA is not subjected to harmless treatment, the MFA can cause great harm to the surrounding environment and human health if directly buried. Wherein, the heavy metals and compounds thereof in the MFA are difficult to naturally degrade and can enter human bodies after the action of biological enrichment. If the intake of heavy metals in human body is too much, the symptoms of acute poisoning, subacute poisoning, chronic poisoning and the like can be caused, and the health of human body is greatly damaged. In view of its strong toxicity, the national ministry of ecology states that MFA is a hazardous solid waste whose collection, storage, transportation, handling and disposal processes should strictly comply with relevant regulations and standards. However, along with the rapid improvement of the urbanization level in recent years, the clear volume of domestic garbage in China is rapidly increased, and the production amount of MFA is also increased;
the geopolymer is a novel cementing material which is formed by taking natural silicon-aluminum compounds or industrial solid wastes rich in silicon and aluminum as raw materials through alkali excitation, takes inorganic silicon/aluminum oxide tetrahedrons as main components, and has a three-dimensional network structure in space. Unlike the cement hydrate which has both high-strength covalent bonds and low-strength molecular bonds, the chemical linking bonds of silicon/aluminum tetrahedron in the geopolymer exist in the form of covalent bonds, and the mechanical properties come from the Si-O-Al-O framework, so that the problem of low strength of the interface between the crystal structure and the colloid structure is not shown, and therefore, the geopolymer has high strength. As most of the geopolymer raw materials are industrial solid wastes such as fly ash, slag, steel slag and the like, the resource utilization of the industrial solid wastes can be effectively realized;
most geopolymers prepared by using raw materials such as MFA, fly ash and metakaolin have good working performance, mechanical property and durability, and the heavy metal fixing efficiency is far higher than that of the traditional cement curing technology, but in the preparation process of the traditional waste incineration fly ash geopolymer concrete, the prepared fly ash geopolymer concrete cannot meet the set requirement due to different material proportions, so that more materials are wasted, and the input cost of the materials is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing geopolymer concrete of waste incineration fly ash, which has the advantage of reducing material loss and solves the problems in the prior art.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of waste incineration fly ash geopolymer concrete comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing raw materials
Collecting fly ash produced by a household garbage incineration plant from the household garbage incineration plant, drying and sieving the collected fly ash, preparing other materials for later use, and simultaneously selecting part of the prepared materials as experimental materials, wherein the other materials comprise fly ash, metakaolin, sandstone aggregate, aluminosilicate, an alkali activator and a water reducing agent;
step two, preparing the geopolymer concrete for testing
Preparing the experimental materials divided in the first step, pouring fly ash, metakaolin, aluminosilicate and fly ash into a mechanical stirrer, stirring for the first time by the mechanical stirrer, pouring sandstone aggregate into the mechanical stirrer for stirring for the second time after the first stirring, pouring an alkali activator and a water reducing agent into the mechanical stirrer again after the stirring is finished, stirring for the third time, and obtaining a geopolymer concrete mixture after the stirring is finished;
step three, forming of geopolymer concrete for test
Putting the geopolymer concrete mixture obtained in the step two into a mould, performing vibration forming by using a vibration table, leveling a forming surface, then putting into a forming chamber, demolding after placing for 24 hours to obtain formed and hardened geopolymer concrete, then putting into a standard curing chamber, curing for 28 days, and taking out to finish the preparation of the geopolymer concrete for testing;
step four, detecting the geopolymer concrete in the test
Performing a basic mechanical property detection test on the geopolymer concrete to be tested obtained in the third step, judging whether the geopolymer concrete meets the required performance according to the detection result, if the result does not meet the requirement, performing the second step, reusing the experimental material, and preparing the geopolymer concrete to be tested again after adjusting the proportion of different materials until the detection result of the geopolymer concrete to be tested meets the requirement, and performing the fifth step;
step five, preparing finished geopolymer concrete
And determining the proportion of different materials according to the detection result meeting the requirements in the step four, and then sequentially entering the non-experimental materials in the step one into the step two and the step three according to the determined proportion to prepare the finished geopolymer concrete.
The further improvement lies in that: in the first step, the mass ratio of the fly ash to the metakaolin is 1: 1.
The further improvement lies in that: in the first step, the alkali activator is formed by stirring NaOH, water glass and water, the modulus of the alkali activator is 1.3, and Na is added2The mass fraction of O was 16.8%.
The further improvement lies in that: in the first step, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid liquid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
The further improvement lies in that: in the second step, the first stirring time is 1-2 min, the second stirring time is 1-2 min, and the third stirring time is 2-4 min.
The further improvement lies in that: in the third step, the temperature in the standard curing room is 20 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95%.
The further improvement lies in that: in the fourth step, the basic mechanical property detection test comprises a cube compressive strength test, a splitting tensile strength test, an axis compressive strength test and a static compression elastic modulus test.
The further improvement lies in that: in the fourth step, the required performance is the basic mechanical requirement of the prepared geopolymer concrete in advance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the preparation method of the waste incineration fly ash geopolymer concrete, the prepared material is divided into a part of experimental material, the experimental fly ash geopolymer concrete is prepared according to the experimental material, the basic mechanical property detection is carried out on the experimental fly ash geopolymer concrete, the prepared experimental fly ash geopolymer concrete meets the requirement, then the finished product fly ash geopolymer concrete is prepared according to the proportion of the experimental fly ash geopolymer concrete meeting the requirement, the loss of the material is reduced through the mode of firstly testing and then preparing the finished product, and the input cost of the material is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the following examples, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example one
According to the illustration in fig. 1, this embodiment proposes a method for preparing a waste incineration fly ash geopolymer concrete, comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing raw materials
Collecting fly ash (MFA) produced by a household garbage incineration plant from the household garbage incineration plant, drying and sieving the collected fly ash, preparing other materials for later use, and selecting part of the prepared materials as experimental materials, wherein the other materials comprise fly ash, metakaolin, sandstone aggregate, aluminosilicate, an alkali activator and a water reducing agent, the mass ratio of the fly ash to the metakaolin is 1:1, the alkali activator is formed by stirring NaOH, water glass and water, the modulus of the alkali activator is 1.3, and Na is Na2The mass fraction of O is 16.8 percent, and the water reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid liquid high-efficiencyA water reducing agent;
the fly ash is first-grade fly ash, and high-quality metakaolin is prepared, and the main chemical components of the fly ash are shown in a table I:
TABLE 1 fly ash and metakaolin main component contents
The main chemical components of the fly ash in the raw material are shown in the table two:
TABLE II MFA major chemical composition
Compared with the fly ash and metakaolin used in the embodiment, the oxide with the MFA gelling activity has higher CaO content, and SiO content2And Al2O3The content is lower, which indicates that the gelling activity of MFA is lower than that of the fly ash and the metakaolin;
the sandstone aggregate is composed of river sand and stones, wherein the river sand belongs to the fine aggregate classification, the fineness modulus of the river sand is 2.7, the mud content is less than 2 percent, the stones belong to the coarse aggregate classification, the particle size range of the stones is between 5mm and 20mm, the crushed stones with the particle size of 5mm to 10mm account for 40 percent, and the crushed stones with the particle size of 10mm to 20mm account for 60 percent;
the main detection indexes of the water reducing agent are shown in the third table:
main detection index of water reducing agent
Step two, preparing test geopolymer concrete
Selecting the experimental materials divided in the first step for preparation, wherein for the experimental materials, selecting parts of each prepared material, namely, part of each material is taken as the experimental material, and the other parts are non-experimental materials, meanwhile, the ratio of the experimental material to the non-experimental materials is 5 to 95, pouring fly ash, metakaolin, aluminosilicate and fly ash into a mechanical stirrer, carrying out first stirring by the mechanical stirrer, pouring gravel aggregate into the mechanical stirrer for second stirring after the first stirring, pouring an alkali activator and a water reducer into the mechanical stirrer again for third stirring, and obtaining a geopolymer concrete mixture for test after the stirring is finished, wherein the first stirring time is 1-2 min, the second stirring time is 1-2 min, and the third stirring time is 2-4 min;
step three, forming geopolymer concrete for test
Putting the geopolymer concrete mixture obtained in the step two into a mould, performing vibration forming by using a vibration table, leveling a forming surface, then putting into a forming chamber, demolding after placing for 24 hours to obtain formed and hardened geopolymer concrete, putting into a standard curing chamber, curing for 28 days, and taking out to finish the preparation of the geopolymer concrete for testing, wherein the temperature in the standard curing chamber is 20 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95%;
step four, testing geopolymer concrete detection
And (3) performing a basic mechanical property detection test on the geopolymer concrete to be tested obtained in the third step, determining the size of the geopolymer concrete to be tested before performance detection, judging whether the required performance is met according to the detection result, wherein the required performance is the basic mechanical requirement of the prepared geopolymer concrete in advance, if the required performance is not met, performing the second step, reusing the experimental materials, and after adjusting the proportion among different materials, preparing the geopolymer concrete to be tested again until the detection result of the geopolymer concrete to be tested meets the requirement, and performing the fifth step. The basic mechanical property detection test comprises a cubic compressive strength test, a splitting tensile strength test, an axial compressive strength test and a static compression elastic modulus test, the four tests are carried out according to 'geopolymer concrete physical mechanical property test method standard', meanwhile, the sizes of the geopolymer concrete used for the cubic compressive strength test and the splitting tensile strength test are 100mm multiplied by 100mm, and the sizes of the geopolymer concrete used for the axial compressive strength test and the static compression elastic modulus test are 100mm multiplied by 300 mm;
for the cubic compression strength test, a microcomputer controlled compression tester with the measuring range of 2000kN is adopted, and the test loading speed is set to be 0.6 MPa/s. Before the test, the test piece is taken out from a curing room, the surface is wiped clean, the appearance is checked, the size is measured, and the test piece is placed in the center of a lower pressing plate of a compression testing machine; in order to ensure that the pressure bearing surface is flat and clean, any surface except the forming surface and the bottom surface is used as the pressure bearing surface, data is recorded after the test piece is damaged, and the cube compressive strength is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: f. ofcuCompressive strength of the cube (MPa)
F-breaking load of test piece (N)
A-area of pressure bearing surface of test piece (mm)2)
In addition, as the non-standard test piece with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm is adopted in the experimental process, the conversion coefficient is multiplied by 0.95 when the splitting tensile strength is calculated;
for the splitting tensile strength test, the used press is the same as the compressive strength test, before the test is started, a plywood with the width of about 20mm and the length of about 120mm is used as a cushion layer between a steel cushion block and a test piece, the stress concentration of the contact part of the test piece and the steel cushion strip is reduced, the accuracy of test data is improved, the steel cushion block and a wood cushion strip are placed on the central line of the test piece during the test, the positions of the test piece and the cushion block are continuously adjusted when the upper pressure surface of the press descends, the contact balance is ensured, the pressure can be uniformly transmitted to a test block through the wood cushion strip, the loading speed is 0.06MPa/s, the load is continuously and uniformly loaded until the test piece is damaged, and the breaking load is recorded, wherein the tensile strength is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: f. oftxSplitting Strength (MPa)
F-breaking load of test piece (N)
A-area of test piece bearing surface (mm)2)
In addition, as the non-standard test piece with the size of 100mm multiplied by 100mm is adopted in the experimental process, the conversion coefficient is multiplied by 0.85 when the splitting tensile strength is calculated;
for the axial compressive strength test, a non-standard prism test piece with the thickness of 100mm multiplied by 300mm is adopted, instruments used for the test are the same as those used for the cubic compressive strength test, the surface of the test piece to be tested is wiped cleanly before the test, the size is measured, the appearance is detected, meanwhile, the flatness of the pressure bearing surface and the perpendicularity of the pressure bearing surface and an adjacent surface of the test piece do not meet the error requirement, the test can be carried out after the test is carried out by polishing with sand paper, the test piece is placed in the centers of an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate of the testing machine during the test, the contact balance is ensured by adjusting the instruments, the loading speed is set to be 0.6MPa/s, the damage load is recorded until the test piece is damaged, wherein the axial compressive strength is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: f. ofcpAxial compressive strength (MPa)
F-breaking load of test piece (N)
A-area of pressure bearing surface of test piece (mm)2)
In addition, as the non-standard test piece with the size of 100mm multiplied by 300mm is adopted in the experimental process, the conversion coefficient is multiplied by 0.95 when the splitting tensile strength is calculated;
step five, preparing finished geopolymer concrete
And determining the proportion of different materials according to the detection result meeting the requirements in the step four, namely determining that the prepared geopolymer concrete meets the requirements by adopting the proportion mode, then sequentially entering the non-experimental materials in the step one into the step two and the step three according to the determined proportion to prepare the finished geopolymer concrete, namely preparing the finished geopolymer concrete without detecting basic mechanics again, and further reducing the loss of the materials.
Example two
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly that the mixture ratio of MFA itself and other materials is adjusted, that is, MFA is used to be doped into geopolymer concrete in a manner of replacing metakaolin with equal mass, wherein the replacement ratio of the metakaolin is 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, and 40%, respectively, in the present embodiment, the amount of the water reducing agent is based on the amount of the fly ash and metakaolin and is decreased with the increase of the replacement ratio of MFA, so as to ensure the consistency of the workability of each mixture ratio, and the mixture ratio is as shown in table four:
surface tetramer concrete mixing proportion
Meanwhile, taking the cubic compressive strength test as an example, the cubic compressive strengths of different geopolymer concrete mix ratios are shown in table five:
geopolymer concrete with different MFA substitution rates in Table five
As can be seen from Table V, the properties of the geopolymer concrete at different MFA substitution rates are different, and then the MFA substitution rate is adjusted according to the required properties.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of waste incineration fly ash geopolymer concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing raw materials
Collecting fly ash produced by a household garbage incineration plant from the household garbage incineration plant, drying and sieving the collected fly ash, preparing other materials for later use, and simultaneously selecting part of the prepared materials as experimental materials, wherein the other materials comprise fly ash, metakaolin, sandstone aggregate, aluminosilicate, an alkali activator and a water reducing agent;
step two, preparing the geopolymer concrete for testing
Preparing the experimental materials divided in the first step, pouring fly ash, metakaolin, aluminosilicate and fly ash into a mechanical stirrer, stirring for the first time by the mechanical stirrer, pouring sandstone aggregate into the mechanical stirrer for stirring for the second time after the first stirring, pouring an alkali activator and a water reducing agent into the mechanical stirrer again after the stirring is finished, stirring for the third time, and obtaining a geopolymer concrete mixture after the stirring is finished;
step three, forming of geopolymer concrete for test
Putting the geopolymer concrete mixture obtained in the step two into a mould, performing vibration forming by using a vibration table, leveling a forming surface, then putting into a forming chamber, demolding after placing for 24 hours to obtain formed and hardened geopolymer concrete, then putting into a standard curing chamber, curing for 28 days, and taking out to finish the preparation of the geopolymer concrete for testing;
step four, testing geopolymer concrete detection
Performing a basic mechanical property detection test on the geopolymer concrete to be tested obtained in the third step, judging whether the geopolymer concrete meets the required performance according to the detection result, if the result does not meet the requirement, performing the second step, reusing the experimental material, and preparing the geopolymer concrete to be tested again after adjusting the proportion of different materials until the detection result of the geopolymer concrete to be tested meets the requirement, and performing the fifth step;
step five, preparation of finished geopolymer concrete
And determining the proportion of different materials according to the detection result meeting the requirements in the step four, and then sequentially entering the non-experimental materials in the step one into the step two and the step three according to the determined proportion to prepare the finished geopolymer concrete.
2. The method for preparing geopolymer concrete of fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the mass ratio of the fly ash to the metakaolin is 1: 1.
3. The method for preparing geopolymer concrete of fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the alkali activator is formed by stirring NaOH, water glass and water, the modulus of the alkali activator is 1.3, and Na is2The mass fraction of O was 16.8%.
4. The method for preparing geopolymer concrete of fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid liquid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
5. The method for preparing geopolymer concrete of fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the first stirring time is 1 min-2 min, the second stirring time is 1 min-2 min, and the third stirring time is 2 min-4 min.
6. The method for preparing geopolymer concrete of fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the temperature in the standard curing room is 20 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95%.
7. The method for preparing geopolymer concrete of fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the basic mechanical property detection test comprises a cube compressive strength test, a splitting tensile strength test, an axis compressive strength test and a static compression elastic modulus test.
8. The method for preparing geopolymer concrete of fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the required performance is the basic mechanical requirement of the prepared geopolymer concrete in advance.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115572128A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-01-06 | 安徽海螺材料科技股份有限公司 | Concrete containing waste incineration fly ash and preparation method thereof |
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