CN114733456B - Liquid drop stream impact micro-reactor and method for continuously preparing nano-material - Google Patents

Liquid drop stream impact micro-reactor and method for continuously preparing nano-material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114733456B
CN114733456B CN202210186876.4A CN202210186876A CN114733456B CN 114733456 B CN114733456 B CN 114733456B CN 202210186876 A CN202210186876 A CN 202210186876A CN 114733456 B CN114733456 B CN 114733456B
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feeding
kettle body
feed
materials
feeding pipe
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CN114733456A (en
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王海涛
李铁龙
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Nankai University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0093Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0006Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J19/002Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects, e.g. avoiding explosions, or improving the yield by suppressing side-reactions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J4/00Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
    • B01J4/001Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J4/00Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
    • B01J4/008Feed or outlet control devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2204/00Aspects relating to feed or outlet devices; Regulating devices for feed or outlet devices
    • B01J2204/002Aspects relating to feed or outlet devices; Regulating devices for feed or outlet devices the feeding side being of particular interest
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2204/00Aspects relating to feed or outlet devices; Regulating devices for feed or outlet devices
    • B01J2204/007Aspects relating to the heat-exchange of the feed or outlet devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002Chemical plants
    • B01J2219/00027Process aspects
    • B01J2219/00033Continuous processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00891Feeding or evacuation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/0095Control aspects
    • B01J2219/00952Sensing operations
    • B01J2219/00954Measured properties
    • B01J2219/00961Temperature

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a droplet flow impact micro-reactor and a method for continuously preparing nano materials, wherein the droplet flow impact micro-reactor comprises a kettle body, the bottom of the kettle body is provided with a discharge port, the side wall of the kettle body is provided with one or more feed port groups, each feed port group comprises two feed ports, and the two feed ports are symmetrically arranged and positioned on the same horizontal plane of the kettle body; the feeding hole is connected with a feeding pipe, a heater is arranged on the feeding pipe, and the heater is connected with a temperature controller; the feeding pipe is connected with the gas cylinder and the material cylinder through the feeding control valve, and the main controller is connected with the feeding control valves through the control bus. The application can precisely control the alternate feeding of materials and gases, so that the materials form droplet streams, and simultaneously control the synchronous feeding of the two materials, and the two materials collide in droplet forms to generate nano materials. The application can completely avoid material back mixing, nano materials are accumulated on the inner wall of the feeding pipe, heat and mass transfer among materials is enhanced, and continuous production and preparation of the nano materials are realized.

Description

Liquid drop stream impact micro-reactor and method for continuously preparing nano-material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nano material preparation, in particular to a droplet flow impact microreactor and a method for continuously preparing nano materials.
Background
Currently, nanotechnology has shown wide prospects in the fields of medicine, chemistry, electronics, catalysis and the like after decades of research. The preparation of nano materials is an important link for realizing the industrialization of nano technology, and part of products are already realized in industrialized production. Impinging stream equipment has been widely used in chemical processes such as absorption, mixing, heat transfer and the like, and the principle is that two fluids (such as liquid, gas-solid and gas-liquid two-phase flow) are coaxially and oppositely impinged at high speed, high turbulence is formed in an impingement area, and extremely high inter-phase relative speed is achieved, so that inter-phase heat, mass and mechanical energy transfer is enhanced. The enhanced mass transfer characteristics of impinging stream devices, suitable for nanomaterial synthesis, such as submerged circulating impinging stream reactors, have been used for nanomaterial preparation. Unlike conventional large tank reactors, microreactors limit the reaction space to within channels ranging in size from tens to hundreds of microns. The microreactor is taken as a basic unit to directly increase the quantity, so that the controllable preparation of the high-flux product can be realized, and the amplified geometric effect of the traditional reactor is avoided. However, mixing of fluids within the microchannels can only be achieved by molecular diffusion, requiring a long time to achieve complete mixing. When the nano-material is used for preparing nano-materials, the nano-materials are easy to grow and deposit on the inner wall of the micro-channel, so that the micro-channel is blocked. The impinging stream microreactor combines the advantages of impinging stream rapid mixing and no geometric amplification effect of the microchannel for nanomaterial preparation, and great progress has been made, such as T-shaped, coaxial and Y-shaped microchannel reactors have been tried for nanomaterial preparation.
Current research focuses on how to enhance heat and mass transfer between materials and reduce the ionization index. As disclosed in patent 201410843409.X, an ultrasonic reinforced impinging stream microreactor is disclosed, wherein ultrasonic reinforced material mixing is utilized; patent CN104353405A discloses a horizontal three-way impinging stream reactor, the three feeding pipes are mutually 120 o, and the mixing effect of the three-way impinging materials is better than that of the opposite impinging materials; patent CN106475025A discloses a coaxial impinging stream reactor, which mainly comprises an annular micro-reaction zone formed by coaxially nested inner and outer tubes, wherein the inner tube is provided with a plurality of micropores, so that a plurality of impinging beams are generated in the process of impinging mixing and reacting reaction liquid, and the heat and mass transfer of the phase are enhanced. However, the impinging stream reactor described in the above patent cannot thoroughly solve the problem of back mixing of materials, and in the actual production process, the nano material nucleates and grows at the feed inlet, which can cause feed blockage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a droplet flow impact micro-reactor and a method for continuously preparing nano materials so as to realize continuous production of the nano materials and improve the production efficiency of the nano materials.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The liquid drop stream impact microreactor comprises a kettle body, wherein a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the kettle body, one or more feed inlet groups are formed in the side wall of the kettle body, each feed inlet group comprises two feed inlets, and the two feed inlets are symmetrically arranged and located on the same horizontal plane of the kettle body; the feeding hole is connected with a feeding pipe, a heater is arranged on the feeding pipe, and the heater is connected with a temperature controller; the feeding pipe is connected with the gas cylinder and the material cylinder through the feeding control valve, and the main controller is connected with the feeding control valves through the control bus.
Further, the feeding pipe is arranged on the kettle body in a downward inclined mode, and the included angle between the feeding pipe and the inner wall of the kettle body is 15-75 o.
Further, the inner diameter of the feeding pipe is less than or equal to 3mm.
Further, when more than 1 feeding hole group is arranged on the kettle body, the feeding holes are distributed on the kettle body in a matrix.
A method for continuously preparing nano materials by adopting the droplet flow to strike a micro reactor comprises the following steps:
S1, respectively placing two reaction liquids into a material bottle, and connecting the material bottle and the gas bottle with a feed control valve;
s2, filling the kettle body with gas under the control of a feed control valve;
s3, under the control of a feed control valve, alternately feeding reaction liquid and gas into a feed pipe, so that the reaction liquid is sprayed out from the orifice of the feed pipe in a liquid drop form; after the reaction liquid enters the feeding pipes, the two feeding pipes are independently heated by a heater according to the reaction requirement;
S4, controlling liquid drops sprayed out of the orifices of the two feeding pipes to synchronously enter the kettle body, and generating nano materials through impact reaction of the liquid drops;
s5, under the action of gravity and gas purging, the generated nano material enters a discharge hole.
The application has the following beneficial effects.
1. The application can completely avoid back mixing of materials, avoid deposition of nano materials at a feed inlet and realize continuous production and preparation of nano materials;
2. Compared with the whole material heating, the feeding pipe can effectively avoid heat loss;
3. By adopting the application, the droplet flow impacts the micro-reactor, the reaction liquid impacts in the form of droplet, so as to realize explosive nucleation, and the volume of the reaction liquid is limited, so that the further growth of nano particles can be effectively limited, and the generation of nano materials with smaller size is facilitated;
4. The application can effectively avoid side reactions, such as when nanometer materials (nanometer iron, nickel and the like) are synthesized by a reduction method, partial weak reducing agents (such as polyphenols, polysaccharides and other reducing substances extracted from green plants) can reduce ferric salts and nickel salts into metallic iron and nickel at a higher temperature, but the whole temperature of the reactor is raised, so that the side reactions between the reducing agents and water can be promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the distribution of the feed pipes on the kettle body according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a TEM photograph of nano-nickel particles prepared using the droplet stream of the present invention impinging on a microreactor.
Wherein: 1. a feed pipe; 2. a heater; 3. a temperature controller; 4. a feed control valve; 5. a main controller; 6. a gas cylinder; 7. a kettle body; 8. a discharge port; 9. and (5) a material bottle.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The utility model provides a liquid droplet stream striking microreactor, wholly is vertical structure, includes inlet pipe 1, heater 2, temperature controller 3, feed control valve 4, main control unit 5, gas cylinder 6, cauldron body 7, discharge gate 8, material bottle 9.
The kettle body 7 is made of 304 stainless steel, a discharge hole 8 is formed in the bottom of the kettle body 7, one or more feed inlet groups are formed in the side wall of the kettle body 7, each feed inlet group comprises two feed inlets, the two feed inlets are symmetrically arranged and located on the same horizontal plane of the kettle body 7, and the feed inlets are connected with the feed pipe 1. As shown in fig. 1, the kettle body 7 is provided with a feed port group, namely two feed ports; as shown in fig. 3, three feeding port groups, that is, six feeding ports are arranged on the kettle body 7, and the six feeding ports are distributed in a matrix.
The feeding pipe 1 is made of 304 stainless steel, the feeding pipe 1 is arranged on the kettle body 7 in a downward inclined mode, and an included angle between the feeding pipe 1 and the side wall of the kettle body 7 is 15-75 o; the inner diameter of the feeding pipe 1 is smaller than or equal to 3mm.
The feeding pipe 1 is provided with a heater 2, and the heater 2 is preferably a heating belt wound outside the feeding pipe 1; the heater 2 is connected with a temperature controller 3, and each feeding pipe 1 can be controlled by the temperature controller 3 to be heated by the heater 2 independently.
The feeding pipe 1 is connected with the gas cylinder 6 and the material cylinder 9 through the feeding control valve 4, and the main controller 5 is connected with each feeding control valve 4 through a control bus. The two liquids are controlled by the main controller 5, and the materials enter the kettle body 7 in the form of liquid drops by alternately injecting the liquid and the inert gas. Simultaneously, the main controller 5 can accurately control the volume and the entering time of liquid drops, realize synchronous feeding of materials and strike the materials in the kettle body 7 in a liquid drop form.
The temperature controller 3 of the application adopts an intelligent XMT616 temperature controller of Vigorboom, the feeding control valve 4 adopts microflow-x1 controller produced by Orveloph company, the main controller 5 adopts PC, and the feeding control valve 4 is connected with the main controller 5 through an RS232 interface.
When the nano material is prepared, two reaction liquids are heated to a set temperature through a feed pipe 1 and then enter a kettle body 7 in the form of liquid drops. Under the action of gravity, the liquid drops of the two reaction liquids collide, and the explosive nucleation is realized in the falling process. Since the feedstock within the droplet is limited, the nanomaterial grows to a certain size, i.e., the growth is stopped. The material enters a discharging pipe below the kettle body 7, and the temperature of the discharging pipe is controlled, so that the further growth of the nano material can be controlled.
Example 1
The inner diameter of the kettle body 7 is 5cm, and the height is 15 cm; the inner diameter of the feed pipe 1 is 1.5 mm, the included angle between the feed pipe 1 and the inner wall of the kettle body 7 is 60 degrees, and the distance between the orifices of the two feed pipes 1 is 2cm.
A method for preparing nano nickel particles, comprising the following steps:
S1, respectively placing 0.1M nickel chloride and 0.2M ascorbic acid into a material bottle 9, and connecting the material bottle 9 and the gas bottle 6 with a feed control valve 4;
s2, under the control of a feed control valve 4, filling nitrogen into the kettle body 7;
S3, under the control of a feed control valve 4, the reaction liquid and nitrogen alternately enter a feed pipe 1, so that the reaction liquid is sprayed out from the mouth of the feed pipe 1 in a liquid drop form, specifically, the volume ratio of the gas to the liquid is regulated to be 1.5:1, the feed speed is 1.8L/h, and the liquid drop size is controlled to be 0.5 mL; after 0.1M of nickel chloride enters the feed pipe 1, heating the nickel chloride solution by a heater 2 to control the temperature of the nickel chloride solution to be 50 o ℃;
S4, controlling liquid drops sprayed out of the orifices of the two feeding pipes 1 to synchronously enter the kettle body 7, and generating nano nickel particles through impact reaction of the liquid drops;
s5, under the condition of gravity and gas purging, the nano nickel particles enter a discharge hole 8 and flow out from a bottom outlet.
The nano nickel particles prepared in the embodiment are shown in figure 3, and the particle size distribution is 5-15 nm.
The invention has the advantages that the unique structural design and the operation method of the droplet flow impact micro-reactor overcome the defects of the traditional impact flow reactor, the material is precisely controlled by the feeding system to be fed in the form of droplets, the back mixing of the material is thoroughly avoided, and the invention has great application prospect in the aspect of continuous preparation of nano materials.
The embodiments of the present invention are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in this way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the invention should be covered in the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for continuously preparing nano materials by impacting a micro-reactor by a liquid drop stream, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively placing two reaction liquids into a material bottle (9), and connecting the material bottle (9) and a gas bottle (6) with a feeding control valve (4);
s2, filling the kettle body (7) with gas under the control of a feed control valve (4);
S3, under the control of a feed control valve (4), the reaction liquid and gas alternately enter the feed pipe (1) to enable the reaction liquid to be sprayed out of the orifice of the feed pipe (1) in a liquid drop form; after the reaction liquid enters the feeding pipes (1), the two feeding pipes (1) are independently heated by the heater (2) according to the reaction requirement;
s4, controlling liquid drops sprayed out of the orifices of the two feeding pipes (1) to synchronously enter the kettle body (7), and generating nano materials through impact reaction of the liquid drops;
s5, under the condition of gravity and gas purging, the generated nano material enters a discharge port (8).
2. A method for continuous preparation of nanomaterial by impinging a droplet stream on a microreactor as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the droplet stream striking microreactor includes the cauldron body (7), and the bottom of the cauldron body (7) is equipped with discharge gate (8), its characterized in that: one or more feed port groups are arranged on the side wall of the kettle body (7), each feed port group comprises two feed ports, and the two feed ports are symmetrically arranged and positioned on the same horizontal plane of the kettle body (7); the feeding hole is connected with the feeding pipe (1), the feeding pipe (1) is provided with a heater (2), and the heater (2) is connected with the temperature controller (3); the feeding pipe (1) is connected with the gas cylinder (6) and the material cylinder (9) through the feeding control valve (4), and the main controller (5) is connected with each feeding control valve (4) through a control bus.
3. A method for continuous preparation of nanomaterial by impinging a droplet stream on a microreactor as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the feeding pipe (1) is arranged on the kettle body (7) in a downward inclined mode, and the included angle between the feeding pipe (1) and the inner wall of the kettle body (7) is 15-75 degrees.
4. A method for continuous preparation of nanomaterial by impinging a droplet stream on a microreactor as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the inner diameter of the feeding pipe (1) is smaller than or equal to 3mm.
5. A method for continuous preparation of nanomaterial by impinging a droplet stream on a microreactor as claimed in claim 2 wherein: when more than 1 feed inlet group is arranged on the kettle body (7), the feed inlets are distributed on the kettle body (7) in a matrix.
CN202210186876.4A 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 Liquid drop stream impact micro-reactor and method for continuously preparing nano-material Active CN114733456B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104353405A (en) * 2014-11-24 2015-02-18 沈阳化工大学 Horizontal three-directional impinging stream mixing reactor
CN205627139U (en) * 2016-03-30 2016-10-12 云南悦馨香料科技有限公司 Molecular distillation equipment charge -in system's heating heat preservation device
CN114749675A (en) * 2022-02-28 2022-07-15 南开大学 Method for green continuous synthesis of nano-iron and nano-iron composite material

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WO2007038605A2 (en) * 2005-09-27 2007-04-05 Greenfuel Technologies Corporation Flue gas scrubbing with a multifunction impinging stream gas-liquid reactor
EP2425916B1 (en) * 2010-09-01 2014-11-12 Directa Plus S.p.A. Multiple feeder reactor for the production of nanoparticles of metal
CN201823646U (en) * 2010-09-17 2011-05-11 重庆新申世纪化工有限公司 Jet nozzle through gas-liquid impact at acute angle
US20180028999A1 (en) * 2015-03-02 2018-02-01 Basf Se Device for producing poly(meth)acrylate in powder form
CN106475025B (en) * 2016-11-09 2019-12-03 青岛科技大学 A kind of method that Impinging coaxial flow reactor continuously prepares nano material
CN113856580A (en) * 2021-10-14 2021-12-31 沈阳化工大学 Process method for preparing superfine powder under multi-field coupling environment

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104353405A (en) * 2014-11-24 2015-02-18 沈阳化工大学 Horizontal three-directional impinging stream mixing reactor
CN205627139U (en) * 2016-03-30 2016-10-12 云南悦馨香料科技有限公司 Molecular distillation equipment charge -in system's heating heat preservation device
CN114749675A (en) * 2022-02-28 2022-07-15 南开大学 Method for green continuous synthesis of nano-iron and nano-iron composite material

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