CN114725009A - 形成引线互连结构的方法以及相关的焊线工具 - Google Patents
形成引线互连结构的方法以及相关的焊线工具 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种形成引线互连结构的方法包括以下步骤:(a)使用焊线工具在基板上的键合地点处形成引线键合部;(b)将与所述引线键合部接续的一段长度引线延伸至所述引线键合部上方的位置;(c)移动所述焊线工具,以在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处接触所述一段长度引线,以在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处部分地切开所述一段长度引线;以及(d)在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处将所述一段长度引线与引线供应器分离,从而提供被键合至所述键合地点的引线互连结构。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年12月18日提交的美国临时专利申请第63/127,386号的权益,该美国临时专利申请的内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及引线键合,且更具体地说,涉及形成引线互连结构的改进方法。
背景技术
引线键合器(即焊线机)可于将要被电性互连的各个部位之间形成引线环路。示例性引线键合技术包含焊球键合以及楔形键合。焊球键合应用中的步骤包含:将无空气焊球键合至第一键合地点(例如半导体晶片的晶片焊垫);使与该被键合的无空气焊球接续的一段长度引线延伸至第二键合地点(例如导线框的导线);以及将该引线键合至第二键合地点,藉此于该第一键合地点与该第二键合地点之间形成一引线环路。在(a)引线环路的末端与(b)键合位点(例如晶片焊垫、导线等)之间形成键合时,可使用变化类型的键合能量,包括例如超声能量、热超声能量、热压缩能量、以及其他能量。
焊线机也已用于形成具有自由端的引线接点及互连。举例而言,授予Colosimo,Jr等人的美国专利第9,502,371号公开了形成引线互连结构。然而,形成此种引线接点及互连的传统技术,遭受着缺少一致性(例如高度一致性、形状一致性等)以及不理想的引线接点及互连的形状之苦。此外,现代的装置具有显著的空间约束,所述空间约束会造成相邻结构间相互干扰的更大风险。
因此,期望提供形成引线互连结构的改进方法。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个示例性实施例,一种形成引线互连结构的方法包括以下步骤:(a)使用焊线工具在基板上的键合地点处形成引线键合部;(b)将与所述引线键合部接续的一段长度引线延伸至引线键合部上方的位置;(c)移动焊线工具以在沿着该段长度引线的位置处接触该段长度引线,以在沿着该段长度引线的位置处将该段长度引线部分地切开;以及(d)在沿着该段长度引线的位置处将该段长度引线与引线供应器分离,从而提供被键合至所述键合地点的引线互连结构。
根据本发明的另一个示例性实施例,提供了一种焊线工具。该焊线工具包括本体部,所述本体部限定了沿着该本体部一段长度延伸的通孔,所述通孔被配置成接收一段长度引线。通孔延伸到焊线工具的末梢部处的腔体中,所述腔体具有沿其长度变化的直径。腔体的直径比通孔的直径大。与邻近通孔的腔体直径相比,腔体的直径在焊线工具的工作面处更小。
根据本发明的又一个示例性实施例,提供了一种焊线工具。该焊线工具包括终止于末梢部的本体部,所述末梢部被配置成在焊线操作期间接触引线。所述焊线工具在所述末梢部处限定了切割特征部(例如,由焊线工具在末梢部处限定的尖头边缘),所述切割特征部被配置成在焊线操作期间部分地切开所述引线。
附图说明
当结合附图阅读时,从下面的详细描述中可以最好地理解本发明。需要强调的是,根据通常的做法,附图中的各种特征不是按比例绘制。相反,为了清楚起见,各种特征的尺寸被任意扩大或缩小。附图中包含以下图式:
图1是根据本发明的各种示例性实施例的被配置成具有末梢部的焊线工具的侧剖视图;
图2A是根据本发明的示例性实施例的焊线工具的一部分的侧剖视图;
图2B是图2A的末梢部的详细视图;
图3A至图3B是根据本发明的示例性实施例的另一焊线工具的末梢部的视图;
图4是使用根据本发明的示例性实施例的方法所形成的多个引线互连结构的侧视图;
图5A至图5J是焊线工具和相关元件各部分的方框、侧视示意图,其图示了根据本发明的示例性实施例形成引线互连结构的方法;以及
图6是流程图,其图示了根据本发明的示例性实施例形成引线互连结构的方法。
具体实施方式
如本文所使用的,术语“互连结构”或“引线互连结构”旨在指代可用于提供任何类型电互连(例如,如用于测试的接点中的临时互连、如半导体封装互连中的永久互连、电屏蔽等)的导电结构。
图1图示了焊线工具100,其包括本体部102,所述本体部限定了沿着一段长度的本体部102延伸的通孔102a。通孔102a被配置成接收一段长度的引线(未图示)。本体部102延伸至锥形部104(例如,锥形/缩窄部),并终止于末梢部106,所述末梢部被配置成在焊线操作期间接触引线。焊线工具100具有外径118。图1仅仅是根据本发明在其末梢部可能具有特征部的焊线工具的一个示例。图2A至图2B、图3A至图3B以及图5A至图5J图示了焊线工具的末梢部的细节,包括由末梢部限定的切割特征部的细节。这样的末梢部可应用于诸如图1所示的焊线工具,或应用于本发明范围内的任何其他焊线工具。
图2A至图2B图示了焊线工具200的末梢部206。图2B图示了与倒角208和通孔202a相邻的特征部210(例如,切割特征部、边缘部、尖头边缘等)。更具体地说,特征部210被限定在倒角208和锥形部212的相交处。特征部210被配置成部分地切开与形成引线互连结构有关的一段长度引线。图2B还图示了具有直径202b1的通孔202a,以及在特征部210的位置处的直径202b2(其中直径202b2小于直径202b1)。
图3A至图3B图示了焊线工具300的末梢部306,所述末梢部包括特征部310,该特征部310被配置成部分地切开与引线互连结构的形成有关的一段长度引线。通孔302a(从末梢部306的中心306a1偏移,其中末梢部包括实心端部306a)被图示为穿过焊线工具300。末梢部306限定了特征部310(例如,切割特征部、边缘部、尖头边缘等)。具体参照图3B,图示了焊线工具300的一部分的剖面侧视图。
图4图示了被键合至工件/基板422(例如,导线框、晶片等)上的键合地点422a(例如,导线、键合焊垫等)的多个引线互连结构420。每个引线互连结构420包括引线键合部420a(例如,键合的无空气焊球),延伸到引线420b的一段长度,并在自由端420c处终止。自由端420c图示了已经被根据本发明的焊线工具的特征部(例如,切割特征部、边缘部、尖头边缘等)部分地切开的切割部分。
图5A至图5J图示了根据本发明的示例性实施例形成引线互连结构的方法。正如本领域技术人员将理解的那样,焊线工具500(其限定通孔502a)和引线夹524由共同的焊头组件(为简单起见未示出)携带并且因此例如沿着焊线机的竖直z轴线一起移动。引线526从引线供应器528延伸穿过引线夹524和通孔502a。在图5A之前,无空气焊球形成在引线526的端部上。无空气焊球坐置在焊线工具500的末梢部506处,其中焊线工具500定位在基板522(例如,工件)上方。基板522包括键合地点522a(例如,晶片焊垫、导线、电路迹线等)。使用工作面506a以及例如键合力、超声能量和热量(例如,定位在工件/基板522下方的加热块,未示出)将无空气焊球键合至键合地点522a,以在键合地点522a处形成引线键合部(即键合的无空气焊球520a,有时被称为焊球键合部)。
图5A图示了现在形成的引线键合部520a,以及焊线工具500被向上移动(见向上的箭头)。在图5B中,焊线工具500和引线夹524(处于打开位置)已经向上移动,同时从引线键合部520a延伸一段长度的引线520b,直到焊线工具500到达引线键合部520a上方的预定位置为止。这样的位置可以被认为是传统引线环路术语中的环路顶部(即TOL)位置。该段长度引线520b接续引线接合部520a,并且图示为延伸通过焊线工具500的腔体502b。如图所示,腔体502b具有沿其长度变化的直径,腔体502b的直径比通孔502a的直径大。腔体502b限定了直径502b1(即邻近通孔502a的腔体直径)和直径502b2(即邻近工作面506a的腔体直径),其中直径502b1大于直径502b2。特征部510(例如,切割特征部、边缘部、尖头边缘等)至少部分地由焊线工具500的腔体502b限定。特征部510可被配置成在焊线操作期间将引线526部分地切开。在图5C中,引线夹524闭合,并且然后焊线工具被移动(例如,水平地,如图5C中的箭头所示向右移动)。
在图5D中,焊线工具500已经移动(例如,通过至少一个基本水平的运动)以在沿着该段长度引线520b的位置处接触该段长度引线520b,以在所述位置处部分地切开该段长度引线520b。例如,特征部510(例如,切割特征部、边缘部、尖头边缘等)可用于接触(并部分地切开)引线526(从而形成切口526a)。在该接触(和部分地切开引线526)之后,焊线工具被移动(例如,水平地,如图5D中的箭头所示向左移动)回到引线键合部520a上方的位置。在图5E中,焊线工具500已经返回到预定的位置(例如,TOL位置)。在图5F中,引线夹524打开,并且焊线工具升高(例如,见图5F中的向上箭头)。在图5G处,焊线工具500已经升高,以付出与切口526a接续的另一部分引线526b。如图5I所示,引线526b的这一部分将成为引线尾部526b'。如图5H所示,引线夹524闭合(抵靠引线的上部,未标出),并且焊线工具500升高(见图5H中的向上箭头)。如图5I所示,焊线工具500和引线夹524已经升高,以将引线526(包括引线尾部526b')(其中引线526是引线供应器528的一部分,如引线轴)与现在形成的引线互连结构520分离。如图5J所示,引线尾部526b'现在已经形成为无空气焊球526b”,用于形成用于另一引线互连结构520的后续引线键合部520a。也就是说,可以重复图5A至图5I中所示的过程以形成多个引线互连结构520。
尽管与图5A至图5J相关说明的形成引线互连结构的方法涉及焊线工具500,但可以理解的是,本发明范围内的任何焊线工具(例如本文图示和描述的焊线工具200和300,以及本发明范围内的任何其他焊线工具)可以结合图5A至图5J的方法(和/或图6的方法)使用。
尽管图5A至图5J图示了焊线工具基本上向右(水平)移动以部分地切开引线,但本发明的范围并不如此受限于这种移动。例如,焊线工具可以向下移动,以及然后向侧面移动;斜对角向下并且向侧面移动;等等。
图6是图示形成引线互连结构的方法的流程图。正如本领域技术人员所理解的那样,流程图中包括的特定步骤可以省略;可以增加特定的额外步骤;而且步骤的顺序可以从图示的顺序改变,所有这些都在本发明的范围之内。
现在参考图6,在可选的步骤600处,形成无空气焊球,该无空气焊球被用于在步骤602中形成引线键合部。在步骤602处,使用焊线工具(例如,其中使用键合力和超声能量形成引线键合部)在基板上的键合地点处形成引线键合部(例如,见图5A中的引线键合部520a)。在步骤604处,将与引线键合部相接续的一段长度引线延伸至引线键合部上方的位置(例如,见图5B中一段长度的引线520b)。在步骤606处,焊线工具被移动(例如,水平地),以便在沿着该段长度引线的位置处接触该段长度引线,从而在沿着该段长度引线的位置处部分地切开该段长度引线(例如,见图5C至图5D之间的运动)。步骤606可包括通过至少一个基本水平的运动(或多个基本水平的运动)移动焊线工具,以在沿该段长度引线的位置处接触该段长度引线(例如,使用焊线工具的末梢部的尖头边缘或切割特征部;使用与焊线工具的内倒角相邻的边缘部;等等),以在沿着该段长度引线的位置处部分地切开该段长度引线(从而在引线中形成“切口”)。在可选的步骤608处,在步骤606和步骤612之间,额外一段长度的引线(例如,图5G中的另一部分引线526b)从焊线工具延伸,在所述一段长度引线的切口上方,与所述一段长度引线接续。在可选的步骤610处,在步骤606之后且在步骤612之前,引线夹闭合抵靠引线的上部(例如,见图5H)。在步骤612处,在沿着该段长度引线的位置处将该段长度引线与引线供应器分离,从而提供被键合到键合地点的引线互连结构(例如,其中步骤612的分离包括在沿着该段长度引线的位置处将持续长度的引线与引线供应器分离时升高闭合的引线夹和焊线工具)(例如,见图5I,其中提供引线互连结构520)。在步骤612之后,引线互连结构可在引线键合部的基本竖直上方延伸。在可选的步骤614处,引线互连结构被用来将基板与另一相邻的基板电连接。可重复步骤602、604、606和612(和/或可选步骤600、608、610和614中的任意步骤)以形成多个引线互连结构。
根据本发明形成的引线互连结构可在高度和所产生的引线尾部长度上具有改善的一致性,以及在生产上具有增加的效率(例如每小时生产的单位数量上的增加)。
根据本发明形成的引线互连结构可用作例如探针卡板中的接点结构、堆叠晶片应用中晶片之间的互连、倒装芯片应用中的互连、硅通孔或模具通孔应用中的互连、封装体叠层(package on package;POP)应用中封装体之间的互连、电屏蔽结构、以及其他结构。
本文所述的本发明的各个方面涉及在引线中形成切口,例如,通过焊线工具的末梢部抵靠引线的基本水平运动(或其他运动)。与在给定位置处削弱引线的传统技术相比,这样的过程很简单。因此,使用本文所述的开创性技术,可以提供更简单和更快速的过程。
焊线工具移动以部分地切开引线的所在位置(例如,切口526a)可以是沿该段长度引线的任何位置(例如,相邻的引线键合部、引线键合部上方等)。
尽管在本文中参照具体实施例图示并说明了本发明,然而本发明并非旨在限于所示的细节。相反,在权利要求的等效内容的范围内且在不背离本发明的条件下,可在所述细节上作出各种修改。
Claims (20)
1.一种形成引线互连结构的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(a)使用焊线工具在基板上的键合地点处形成引线键合部;
(b)将与所述引线键合部接续的一段长度引线延伸至所述引线键合部上方的位置;
(c)移动所述焊线工具,以在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处接触所述一段长度引线,以在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处部分地切开所述一段长度引线;以及
(d)在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处将所述一段长度引线与引线供应器分离,从而提供被键合至所述键合地点的引线互连结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括形成无空气焊球的步骤,所述无空气焊球用于在步骤(a)中形成所述引线键合部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中在形成所述引线键合部时使用键合力和超声能量。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:
(c1)在步骤(c)和步骤(d)之间,从所述焊线工具延伸额外一段长度引线,所述额外一段长度引线在所述一段长度引线的位置上方,与所述一段长度引线接续。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:在步骤(c1)之后且在步骤(d)之前,将引线夹闭合抵靠所述引线的上部。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中步骤(d)中的分离包括:在使该段接续长度的引线在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处与引线供应器分离时,升高闭合的引线夹和所述焊线工具。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中重复步骤(a)至步骤(d)以形成多个引线互连结构。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:使用所述引线互连结构将基板与另一相邻的基板电连接。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述引线互连结构在所述引线键合部的基本竖直上方延伸。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:在步骤(c)之后且在步骤(d)之前,将引线夹闭合抵靠所述引线的上部。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中步骤(c)包括通过至少一个基本水平的运动使所述焊线工具移动,以便在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处接触所述一段长度引线,从而在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处部分地切开所述一段长度引线。
12.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中步骤(c)包括通过多个基本水平的运动使所述焊线工具移动,以便在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处接触所述一段长度引线,从而在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处部分地切开所述一段长度引线。
13.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中步骤(c)包括移动所述焊线工具,以使得所述焊线工具的末梢部的尖头边缘在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处接触所述一段长度引线,从而在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处部分地切开所述一段长度引线。
14.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中步骤(c)包括移动所述焊线工具,以使得所述焊线工具的末梢部的切割特征部在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处接触所述一段长度引线,从而在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处部分地切开所述一段长度引线。
15.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中步骤(c)包括移动所述焊线工具,以使得与所述焊线工具的内倒角相邻的边缘部在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处接触所述一段长度引线,从而在沿着所述一段长度引线的位置处部分地切开所述一段长度引线。
16.一种焊线工具,其包括:
本体部,所述本体部限定了沿着该本体部的一段长度延伸的通孔,所述通孔被配置成接收一段长度引线,所述通孔延伸到所述焊线工具的末梢部处的腔体中,所述腔体具有沿其长度变化的直径,所述腔体的直径比所述通孔的直径大,与邻近于所述通孔的腔体的直径相比,所述腔体的直径在所述焊线工具的工作面处更小。
17.根据权利要求16所述的焊线工具,其中所述焊线工具在与所述腔体相邻的工作面处限定了切割特征部,所述切割特征部被配置成在焊线操作期间部分地切开引线。
18.根据权利要求16所述的焊线工具,其中所述焊线工具在与所述腔体相邻的工作面处限定了尖头边缘,所述尖头边缘被配置成在焊线操作期间部分地切开引线。
19.一种焊线工具,其包括:
本体部,所述本体部终止于末梢部,所述末梢部被配置成在焊线操作期间接触引线,所述焊线工具在所述末梢部处限定了切割特征部,所述切割特征部被配置成在焊线操作期间部分地切开引线。
20.根据权利要求19所述的焊线工具,其中所述切割特征部包括由所述焊线工具在所述末梢部处限定的尖头边缘。
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