CN114722662A - Method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement of buried natural gas pipeline and safety research - Google Patents
Method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement of buried natural gas pipeline and safety research Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement of a buried natural gas pipeline and safety research, which comprises the following steps: building a vertical pipe-soil three-dimensional model and determining a settlement monitoring key point; the signal transfer system transmits the data acquired by the settlement measurement sensing system to a remote terminal server to realize long-term online settlement monitoring; predicting the next-stage settlement condition based on a prediction model and a B-P neural network model according to the actually measured big data of the pipeline settlement; and performing Fourier series expansion on the settlement data to obtain a pipeline harmonic settlement curve, inputting the pipeline harmonic settlement curve serving as a loading condition into the three-dimensional model, and analyzing the influence of the current settlement on the pipeline structure by combining the pipeline stress. At present, the research on real-time online monitoring of pipeline settlement is less at home and abroad, and the method has a plurality of advantages compared with manual field measurement, and is beneficial for managers to know the current situation of the pipeline, find abnormal states, take preventive measures in time and guarantee the long-term safe operation of the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of safe operation monitoring and settlement prediction of a natural gas buried pipeline, and particularly relates to a method for on-line monitoring and safety research of foundation settlement of a buried natural gas pipeline.
Background
Natural gas is used as an important production energy source, when the management or equipment maintenance is not proper during transportation, dangerous conditions such as leakage, combustion, explosion and the like can occur, and meanwhile, the natural gas also can pollute the atmosphere and the environment, threatens the life safety of people, and causes casualties and huge economic loss. For decades, pipelines are considered to be the most economical and reasonable way for transporting a large amount of natural gas, and are planned by national strategy, and are small enough to use gas in cities, so that the important role of the pipelines in natural gas transportation is not reflected. However, natural gas pipeline safety is a serious challenge, and buried natural gas pipeline accidents due to field sports are counted to account for 14.9% of all pipeline accidents. When the uneven settlement occurs in the field, the pipeline can generate stress and deformation, and the pipeline can be damaged and fail in serious condition.
At present, the mode of regular detection by professional personnel is mostly adopted for measuring the uneven settlement of the buried pipeline, namely, the settlement data is manually collected. However, the traditional manual monitoring mainly has the following defects: the manual field measurement cost is high, the monitoring data continuity is poor, and professionals are required to be arranged to go to the field to carry out monitoring at intervals (regularly), so that the labor cost of the personnel is increased, the data continuity is poor when the interval period is too long, and the current state of the pipeline cannot be reflected in time; the field measurement engineering quantity is large, the data input, processing and the like are difficult to generate, and errors caused by human subjective factors are difficult to avoid; the operation time is long, and the monitoring field natural environment is severe, such as dangerous situations of pipeline rupture, gas leakage explosion and the like, seriously threatens the life safety of personnel.
At present, if the 'non-uniform settlement stress wireless real-time monitoring system and method for a natural gas pipeline' provided in China invention patent CN112924061A of Zhongxihao et al, the main steps of adopting a resistance strain gage method to carry out stress real-time monitoring on a buried natural gas pipeline are as follows: firstly, determining monitoring points according to engineering experience; excavating a soil body, attaching a strain gauge to a corresponding measuring point position of the buried pipeline, wherein the strain gauge is used for measuring the deformation of the pipeline; thirdly, after earth is backfilled, the strain gauge and the data acquisition system are connected through a lead, and the stress of the pipeline is measured, so that the risk level of the pipeline is evaluated. However, the prior art still has a plurality of defects:
1. the monitoring point selection is blind. The monitoring point is determined only by personal engineering experience, scientificity is lacked, and the monitoring data is difficult to accurately and carefully evaluate the state of the pipeline.
2. The stress and deformation generated by the pipeline are the interaction result of the surrounding soil body and the pipeline, and are fundamentally caused by the settlement of the foundation, so that the settlement monitoring of the foundation is more meaningful.
3. The strain gauge is attached to the surface of a buried pipeline, namely below the earth surface, and the strain gauge is inevitably damaged and failed in a backfilling stage or due to field sports in a later stage, so that the accuracy of a stress measurement system cannot be ensured, and the reliability of the system for evaluating the risk level of the pipeline cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for on-line monitoring and safety research of foundation settlement of a buried natural gas pipeline, which can carry out long-term real-time on-line monitoring on a determined settlement key point, predict the settlement condition of the next stage according to the measured settlement big data, evaluate the safety of the pipeline, give a maintenance suggestion in time and ensure the safe operation of the pipeline.
In order to realize the aim of the invention, the method for on-line monitoring and predicting the foundation settlement of the buried natural gas pipeline provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
drawing a pipe-soil three-dimensional model, introducing finite element software to perform simulation calculation, determining the stress distribution and the pipeline deformation condition of the buried pipeline according to the simulation calculation, and determining a settlement monitoring key point based on the stress distribution and the pipeline deformation condition;
arranging a settlement measurement sensing system for measuring settlement above the ground surface of a settlement monitoring key point;
the settlement measurement sensing system is connected with the signal transfer system to transmit the acquired data to the signal transfer system, and the signal transfer system is communicated with the remote terminal server;
and predicting the next-stage sedimentation condition based on a grey prediction model and a B-P neural network model according to the actually measured sedimentation data, wherein the grey prediction model obtains a sedimentation residual sequence based on the sedimentation data measured by the sedimentation measurement sensing system, the sedimentation residual sequence is input into the B-P neural network model for training, the corrected sedimentation residual sequence is obtained, and the corrected sedimentation residual sequence is input into the grey prediction model again to obtain a sedimentation prediction value.
And predicting the next-stage settlement condition based on the prediction model and the B-P neural network model according to the settlement big data. The prediction model is a time series prediction model which is updated when new data is available, but is only suitable for short-term prediction; the B-P neural network model has strong fitting capability, but has slow convergence rate and low learning efficiency. The two models are combined, so that the defect of a single model can be overcome, and the settlement condition of the pipeline at the next stage can be accurately predicted, so that the safety of the pipeline is evaluated.
Furthermore, drawing a pipe-soil three-dimensional model based on the actual structure, size, working condition environment, surrounding hydrological exploration and the like of the buried pipeline, introducing an analysis model into finite element software for simulation calculation, determining the stress distribution and pipeline deformation condition of the buried pipeline, and selecting a position with larger stress level and deformation as a settlement monitoring key point; the monitoring point selection is scientific. Compared with the monitoring point determined by personal engineering experience, the monitoring data can evaluate the state of the pipeline more accurately and meticulously.
Furthermore, the settlement measurement sensing system comprises a settlement monitoring device and a data acquisition instrument, wherein the settlement monitoring device is used for monitoring settlement and transmitting settlement data to the data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is connected with the signal transfer system.
Furthermore, the settlement monitoring device is a fiber grating hydrostatic level which comprises a fiber grating liquid level sensor and a liquid storage tank, wherein the fiber grating liquid level sensor is used for collecting settlement data based on liquid level information in the liquid storage tank and transmitting the settlement data to the data collector.
Further, the remote terminal server comprises a storage calculation module, a display and an alarm, wherein the storage calculation module is used for reading and storing data, the display is used for displaying, and the alarm is used for performing abnormity alarm.
The remote terminal server has the functions of data reading and storing, quantitative displaying, abnormal alarming and the like, the settlement data of the site is stored in real time, the monitored data is displayed in a display in a trend graph mode, and when the settlement data has abnormal values or the settlement rate of the monitoring point is calculated to be too high by a system, the alarming function is triggered so that personnel can take maintenance measures in time.
Furthermore, the signal transfer system has a data communication function, and can be transmitted to a remote terminal server through a wired or GPRS network, so that remote operation of field equipment and long-term online settlement monitoring are realized. The long-term real-time online settlement monitoring technology realized by the invention can overcome many defects of manual regular detection.
Further, the data storage function of the server can also set the acquisition time interval autonomously. On one hand, if any useful information is not missed, real-time acquisition can be set; on the other hand, the problem that the information is troublesome to process due to too short acquisition interval time and too large information can be avoided.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
analyzing and processing the settlement data monitored by the settlement measurement sensing system by adopting Fourier series expansion to obtain a pipeline harmonic settlement curve;
and inputting the harmonic settlement curve as a loading condition into a pipe-soil three-dimensional model of finite element software, and carrying out numerical simulation analysis on the influence of the current settlement on the stress, deformation and structure of the pipeline by combining the stress of the pipeline so as to evaluate the safety of the pipeline.
Further, the Fourier series expression is shown in formula (1):
in the formula, y is the ground settlement amount m; u. of0Represents the overall uniform sedimentation, m; u. ofnIs the amplitude of nth order harmonic settlement, m; n represents the harmonic number; k represents the maximum harmonic number; l represents the total length of the pipeline in the settling zone, m; x is an independent variable representing the length of the pipeline, m;
is the initial phase angle of the nth order harmonic at the time of superposition,
compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the stress distribution and the pipeline deformation condition of the buried pipeline are calculated through finite elements, and the position with larger stress level and deformation is selected as a settlement monitoring key point, so that the pipeline state can be more scientifically, meticulously and accurately evaluated.
2. The invention is transmitted to a remote terminal server through a wired or GPRS network, thereby realizing remote operation of field equipment and long-term online settlement monitoring. GPRS is a packet-switched technology and has the advantages of "high speed", "always on", and short access time.
3. The long-term real-time online settlement monitoring technology realized by the invention can overcome many defects of manual regular detection.
4. When the settlement data has abnormal values or the settlement rate of the monitoring point calculated by the system is too high, the invention can trigger the alarm function so as to facilitate personnel to timely troubleshoot hidden dangers and take corresponding maintenance measures.
5. The data storage function of the terminal server can also set the acquisition time interval autonomously. On one hand, if any useful information is not missed, real-time acquisition can be set; on the other hand, the problem that the information is troublesome to process due to too short acquisition interval time and too large information can be avoided.
6. The invention can also provide the method for predicting the next-stage settlement condition based on the combination of the prediction model and the B-P neural network model according to the actually measured settlement data so as to evaluate the safety of the pipeline.
7. The invention can also adopt Fourier series expansion to analyze and process the settlement data, input the obtained pipeline harmonic settlement curve as a loading condition into a finite element software three-dimensional model, and analyze the influence of the current settlement on the stress, deformation and structure of the pipeline by combining the stress of the pipeline so as to evaluate the safety of the pipeline.
8. The invention evaluates the safety of the pipeline through two channels. The first channel is used for predicting settlement based on the combination of a grey prediction model and a B-P neural network model to evaluate the safety of the next stage of the pipeline; the other channel is that the harmonic settlement curve is used as a loading condition and input into a finite element model, and the influence of the current settlement on the stress, deformation and structure of the pipeline is analyzed through numerical simulation in combination with the stress of the pipeline, so as to evaluate the safety. So as to realize the comprehensive evaluation of the safety of the pipeline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating steps of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an acquisition time interval setting page according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement and safety research of a buried natural gas pipeline provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
In some of the embodiments of the present invention, pipe dimensions include, but are not limited to, pipe diameter, wall thickness, poisson's ratio, tensile strength, burial depth, and the like; operating conditions include, but are not limited to, internal pressure, internal temperature, ambient temperature, and the like; surrounding geological conditions, hydrological environments include, but are not limited to, soil stability, porosity, geological formations, topographical features, groundwater activity, and the like.
And 2, drawing a pipe-soil three-dimensional model based on the physical parameters determined in the step 1, introducing the pipe-soil three-dimensional model into finite element software for simulation calculation, determining the stress distribution and deformation condition of the buried pipeline according to the simulation calculation, and determining the stress distribution and deformation condition as a settlement monitoring key point based on the stress distribution and deformation condition.
In some of the embodiments of the present invention, locations with greater stress levels and deformations are selected as the settlement monitoring key points.
And 3, arranging a settlement measuring and sensing system for measuring settlement above the ground surface of the settlement monitoring key point.
The settlement measuring and sensing system is provided with a settlement monitoring device and a data acquisition instrument, in some embodiments of the invention, the settlement monitoring device is a fiber grating static level instrument, and the fiber grating liquid level sensor and the liquid storage tank form a communication system. The fiber grating liquid level sensor determines liquid level information in the liquid storage tank based on reflected light wavelength, and when the liquid level is settled and changed, the fiber grating liquid level sensor can update and acquire new liquid level information in real time. The data acquisition instrument converts the settlement analog signals of the fiber bragg grating liquid level sensor into digital signals through the A/D converter, and stability and reliability of data acquisition are improved.
And 4, connecting the data acquisition instrument with the signal transfer system to transmit the acquired data to the signal transfer system, and transmitting the acquired data to a remote terminal server through a wired or GPRS network by the signal transfer system to realize remote operation of field equipment and long-term online settlement monitoring.
The signal transfer system has a data communication function.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the data acquisition instrument in the sedimentation measurement sensing system is connected to the signal relay system through a wire, so that the acquired data is transmitted to the signal relay system through an electrical signal. In other embodiments, the data acquisition instrument may also be connected to the signal relay system via an optical fiber cable, so that the acquired data is transmitted to the signal relay system via an optical signal.
In some of the embodiments of the invention, the GPRS used is a packet-switched technology, with the advantages of "high speed", "always on" and short access time.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the remote terminal server includes a storage calculation module, a display and an alarm, the storage calculation module is used for reading and storing data, the display is used for displaying, and the alarm is used for alarming for an abnormality.
The remote terminal server reads and stores the settlement data of the site in real time, the monitored data can be displayed in a display in a trend graph mode after being processed, and when an abnormal value occurs in the settlement data or the settlement rate of the monitoring point is calculated to be too high by a system, an alarm is triggered to warn so that a person can take maintenance measures in time.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the data storage function of the remote terminal server can also autonomously set the collection time interval. On one hand, if any useful information is not missed, real-time acquisition can be set; on the other hand, the problem that the information is troublesome to process due to too short acquisition interval time and too large information can be avoided.
And 5, predicting the next-stage settlement condition based on a gray prediction model and a B-P neural network model according to the settlement monitoring big data.
The grey prediction model has strong adaptivity and high prediction precision, and can obtain a good prediction result; the implementation of the B-P algorithm generally includes three processes: the first part is to flow the measured original settlement data to an output layer through an input layer by the operation of a hidden layer; the second part is that the difference value between the actual output and the expected output of the output layer is transmitted reversely along the hidden layer, and errors are distributed to each unit along the transmission direction to correct the weight; and the third part is to substitute the measured original settlement data into the trained network again for calculation. The weight value is continuously and repeatedly corrected, and the correction is not stopped until the error of the output layer is reduced to a set range or the learning times. The B-P neural network model is one of the most commonly used neural algorithms at present, and has the advantages of all neural networks. However, both of these original models also have non-negligible drawbacks: the grey prediction model is a time series prediction model which is updated when new data is available, but is only suitable for short-term prediction; the B-P neural network model has strong fitting capability, but has slow convergence rate and low learning efficiency. The two models are combined, so that the defect of a single model can be overcome.
Further, the grey prediction model and the B-P neural network model are combined by adopting the following steps: firstly, processing settlement original data measured by a settlement measurement sensing system by using a gray prediction model to obtain a settlement residual sequence, taking the settlement residual sequence as a training sequence to be brought into a B-P neural network for training, then outputting the corrected settlement residual sequence by the B-P neural network, and inputting the corrected sequence into the gray prediction model again to obtain a settlement prediction value. The method can accurately predict the sedimentation condition of the pipeline at the next stage so as to evaluate the safety of the pipeline.
And 6, analyzing and processing the settlement data monitored by the settlement measurement sensing system by adopting Fourier expansion to obtain a pipeline harmonic settlement curve.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the expression of the Fourier series is as shown in equation (1):
wherein y is the ground settlement amount, m; u. of0Represents the overall uniform sedimentation, m; u. ofnIs the amplitude of nth order harmonic settlement, m; n represents the harmonic number; k represents the maximum harmonic number; l represents the total length of the pipeline in the settling zone, m; x is an independent variable, representing the length of the pipeline,m；
is the initial phase angle of the nth order harmonic at the time of superposition,
and 7, inputting the harmonic settlement curve serving as a loading condition into a pipe-soil three-dimensional model of finite element software, and analyzing the influence of the current settlement on the stress, deformation and structure of the pipeline by numerical simulation in combination with the stress of the pipeline so as to evaluate the safety of the pipeline.
The method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement of the buried natural gas pipeline and safety research provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for carrying out long-term real-time on-line monitoring on the determined settlement key points, predicting the settlement condition of the next stage according to the measured settlement data, analyzing the influence of the current settlement on the stress, deformation and structure of the pipeline, evaluating the safety of the pipeline, giving a maintenance suggestion in time, and being beneficial to a manager to know the current situation of the pipeline, find an abnormal state, take preventive measures in time and guarantee the long-term safe operation of the pipeline.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the method of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. All changes, equivalents and modifications which come within the spirit and scope of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement of the buried natural gas pipeline and safety research is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
drawing a pipe-soil three-dimensional model, introducing finite element software to perform simulation calculation, determining the stress distribution and the pipeline deformation condition of the buried pipeline according to the simulation calculation, and determining a settlement monitoring key point based on the stress distribution and the pipeline deformation condition;
arranging a settlement measurement sensing system for measuring settlement above the ground surface of a settlement monitoring key point;
the settlement measurement sensing system is connected with the signal transfer system to transmit the acquired data to the signal transfer system, and the signal transfer system is communicated with the remote terminal server;
and predicting the next-stage sedimentation condition based on a grey prediction model and a B-P neural network model according to the actually measured sedimentation data, wherein the grey prediction model obtains a sedimentation residual sequence based on the sedimentation data measured by the sedimentation measurement sensing system, the sedimentation residual sequence is input into the B-P neural network model for training, the corrected sedimentation residual sequence is obtained, and the corrected sedimentation residual sequence is input into the grey prediction model again to obtain a sedimentation prediction value.
2. The method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement and safety research of a buried natural gas pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that a position with a large stress level and deformation is selected as a settlement monitoring key point through finite element simulation calculation.
3. The method for on-line monitoring of ground settlement of the buried natural gas pipeline and researching safety as claimed in claim 1, wherein the settlement measurement sensing system comprises a settlement monitoring device and a data acquisition instrument, the settlement monitoring device is used for monitoring settlement and transmitting settlement data to the data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is connected with the signal transfer system.
4. The method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement and safety research of a buried natural gas pipeline according to claim 3, wherein the settlement monitoring device is a fiber grating static level which comprises a fiber grating liquid level sensor and a liquid storage tank, and the fiber grating liquid level sensor is used for collecting settlement data based on liquid level information in the liquid storage tank and transmitting the settlement data to the data collector.
5. The method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement of a buried natural gas pipeline and researching safety as claimed in claim 1, wherein the remote terminal server comprises a storage calculation module, a display and an alarm, the storage calculation module is used for reading and storing data, the display is used for displaying, and the alarm is used for alarming for abnormity.
6. The method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement and safety research of a buried natural gas pipeline according to claim 5, wherein the storage calculation module is further capable of setting a time interval for data collection.
7. The method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement and safety research of buried natural gas pipelines according to claim 1, wherein the signal transfer system is transmitted to the remote terminal server through a wired or GPRS network.
8. The method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement and safety research of a buried natural gas pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the pipe-soil three-dimensional model is drawn according to physical parameters of the pipeline.
9. The method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement of buried natural gas pipeline and researching safety as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising the steps of:
analyzing and processing the settlement data monitored by the settlement measuring and sensing system by adopting Fourier series expansion to obtain a pipeline harmonic settlement curve;
and inputting the harmonic settlement curve as a loading condition into a pipe-soil three-dimensional model of finite element software, and analyzing the influence of the current settlement on the stress, deformation and structure of the pipeline by numerical simulation in combination with the stress of the pipeline.
10. The method for on-line monitoring of foundation settlement and safety research of a buried natural gas pipeline according to claim 9, wherein the expression of the fourier series is:
in the formula, y is the ground settlement amount; u. u0Representing overall uniform settling; u. ofnIs the amplitude of the nth order harmonic settlement; n represents the harmonic number; k represents the maximum harmonic number; l represents the total length of the pipeline in the settling zone; x is an independent variable representing the length of the pipeline;
is the initial phase angle of the nth order harmonic when superimposed.
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