CN114721196B - Display panel, driving method thereof and display device - Google Patents
Display panel, driving method thereof and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114721196B CN114721196B CN202210519151.2A CN202210519151A CN114721196B CN 114721196 B CN114721196 B CN 114721196B CN 202210519151 A CN202210519151 A CN 202210519151A CN 114721196 B CN114721196 B CN 114721196B
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/157—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a display panel, a driving method thereof and a display device. The display panel includes a substrate base; a plurality of pixel units disposed on the substrate, the pixel units including a first electrode, a thin film transistor, and a second electrode connected to the thin film transistor; the reflecting layer is arranged on one side, far away from the substrate, of the pixel unit and is used for reflecting external light; an electrochromic layer disposed on a side of the reflective layer remote from the substrate; and the third electrodes are arranged on one side of the electrochromic layer away from the substrate base plate, and the electrochromic layer is arranged between the third electrodes and the second electrodes.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel, a driving method thereof, and a display device.
Background
Currently, with the development of display manufacturing technology, display technology has been rapidly developed, such as LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) display and OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display.
The total reflection display screen has the advantages of saving cost, saving electricity, protecting eyes and the like because an external light source is not needed, thereby being widely applied to the fields of electronic tags (ESL), small-sized game machines, intelligent watches and the like. However, since the display is realized by using the ambient light, when the display screen displays the picture, some ambient light leaks out from the non-display area, so that the contrast ratio of the current total reflection display screen is low, and the display effect is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a display panel, a driving method thereof and a display device, which are beneficial to improving the contrast ratio of the display panel and further improving the display effect. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the first aspect of the present application provides a display panel, including a substrate base plate; a plurality of pixel units disposed on the substrate, the pixel units including a first electrode, a thin film transistor, and a second electrode connected to the thin film transistor; the reflecting layer is arranged on one side, far away from the substrate, of the pixel unit and is used for reflecting external light; an electrochromic layer disposed on a side of the reflective layer remote from the substrate; and the third electrodes are arranged on one side of the electrochromic layer away from the substrate base plate, and the electrochromic layer is arranged between the third electrodes and the second electrodes.
According to the application, the electrochromic layer and the third electrodes are arranged, so that the state of the electrochromic layer can be controlled in a zoned manner. The voltages of the third electrode and the second electrode may control the state of the electrochromic layer. And applying a forward voltage to one of the third electrode and the second electrode, wherein the electrochromic layer between the third electrode and the second electrode at the position is in an opaque state, so that external ambient light cannot penetrate through the electrochromic layer in the opaque state, and the brightness of a dark state display area on the display panel is reduced. And negative voltage or no voltage is applied to the other third electrode and the second electrode, so that the electrochromic layer between the third electrode and the second electrode at the position is in a light transmission state, and external ambient light can pass through the electrochromic layer in the light transmission state, thereby improving the brightness of a bright state display area on the display panel. Therefore, the embodiment of the application can realize that the display panel displays the bright state display area and the dark state display area in different areas, thereby being beneficial to improving the contrast ratio and the display effect of the display panel.
The display panel according to the embodiment of the application is also provided with the following technical characteristics of accessories:
in some embodiments of the application, the display panel further includes a convex lens layer located on a side of the third electrode away from the substrate, and a surface of the side of the convex lens layer facing away from the substrate has a convex portion.
In some embodiments of the present application, a side surface of the reflective layer facing away from the substrate base plate has a concave portion disposed opposite to the convex portion in a thickness direction of the display panel.
In some embodiments of the application, the cross section of the convex portion is circular arc or parabolic away from the edge line shape of the substrate base plate.
In some embodiments of the present application, the display panel further includes a color film substrate disposed opposite to the substrate, where the color film substrate includes a second substrate, a light-filtering layer disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the substrate, a light-shielding layer, and a fourth electrode disposed on a side of the light-filtering layer away from the second substrate, and the light-filtering layer and the pixel unit are disposed opposite to each other in a thickness direction of the display panel.
In some embodiments of the present application, the convex portion, the concave portion, and the filter layer are disposed opposite to each other in a thickness direction of the display panel.
In some embodiments of the application, the orthographic projection of each third electrode on the substrate base plate covers four pixel units of two adjacent rows, and the two adjacent third electrodes are separated by the orthographic projection of the shading layer on the substrate base plate.
In some embodiments of the application, the electrochromic layer material includes at least one of polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, metal phthalocyanine, viologen.
In some embodiments of the application, the material of the lenticular layer comprises urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, or polyester acrylate.
In some embodiments of the application, the material of the reflective layer comprises gold, silver, aluminum, molybdenum, or copper.
In some embodiments of the present application, the thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, a gate insulating layer, an active layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode electrically connected to the second electrode, and the pixel unit further includes a protective layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.
A second aspect of the present application proposes a driving method of a display panel for driving the display panel of the first aspect, the driving method comprising:
when a dark state display area and a bright state display area are generated on the display panel, the electrochromic layer in the dark state display area is controlled to be opaque, and the electrochromic layer in the bright state display area is controlled to be transparent.
In some embodiments of the present application, a control signal for controlling the electrochromic layer is input during adjacent two frame display times.
A third aspect of the application proposes a display device comprising a display panel according to the first aspect.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product or method of practicing the application to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other embodiments may be obtained according to these drawings to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel unit of a display panel according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating light propagation of a display panel according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of time-sharing control according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a display panel according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 7 is a schematic top view of a third electrode and a pixel unit according to an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art based on the present application are included in the scope of protection of the present application.
At present, the total reflection type display device has great market potential in the fields of intelligent retail, electronic tags, electronic books and the like due to the advantages of low power consumption, low cost, realization of multiple colors and the like. The total reflection type display device does not need to arrange a backlight light source, and color display is realized by adopting film layers such as a polaroid, an optical wave plate, a liquid crystal layer, a reflecting layer and the like to reflect by utilizing external environment light. The structure has the advantages that the backlight source can be removed, thereby being beneficial to saving energy and reducing power consumption. However, since the display is implemented by using ambient light, some ambient light leaks out in the non-display area, so that the contrast ratio of the current total reflection display device is low.
Based on the above problems, the application provides a display panel, a driving method thereof and a display device, thereby effectively improving the contrast ratio of the display device.
The first aspect of the present application proposes a display panel 10. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the display panel 10 includes a substrate base 100, a plurality of pixel units 110, a reflective layer 120, an electrochromic layer 130, and a plurality of third electrodes 140. The plurality of pixel units 110 are disposed on the substrate 100, as shown in fig. 2, and are partial schematic views of one pixel unit 110 of the display panel. The pixel unit 110 includes a first electrode 111, a thin film transistor 112, and a second electrode 113 connected to the thin film transistor 112. The reflective layer 120 is disposed on a side of the pixel unit 110 away from the substrate 100, and the reflective layer 120 is used for reflecting external light. The electrochromic layer 130 is disposed on a side of the reflective layer 120 remote from the substrate 100. The third electrode 140 is disposed on a side of the electrochromic layer 130 remote from the substrate 100, and the electrochromic layer 130 is disposed between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113.
The substrate 100 is generally made of glass as a base of the display panel 10. The pixel unit 110 is a minimum unit for display. The Thin film transistor 112 (TFT) is an insulated gate field effect transistor, which is a key device in a display, and is formed by stacking Thin films layer by layer. Each pixel unit 110 is driven by a thin film transistor 112 integrated on the pixel unit 110, so that screen information can be displayed at high speed. In the present application, the substrate 100 further has a storage electrode, i.e., a first electrode 111, and the first electrode 111 can be used to form a storage capacitor with the second electrode 113, so that the charging voltage of the display panel 10 can be maintained until the next frame update.
The electrochromic layer 130 is a layer structure formed of an electrochromic material, and electrochromic refers to a phenomenon in which optical properties of the material, such as reflectivity, transmittance, absorptivity, etc., change in color stably and reversibly under the action of an applied electric field, and is represented as a reversible change in color and transparency in appearance. The electrochromic layer 130 can realize two states of light transmission and light non-transmission under the action of an externally applied electric field. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the electrochromic layer 130 is disposed between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113, and the voltage formed between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113 may control the electrochromic layer 130 to be in different states. That is, the second electrode 113 may be used to form a control voltage with the third electrode 140, and the electrochromic layer 130 may be controlled to be in an opaque state when a forward voltage is applied between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113; when a negative voltage or no voltage is applied between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113, the electrochromic layer 130 may be in a light-transmitting state.
The electrochromic layer 130 and the third electrodes 140 are arranged, so that the state of the electrochromic layer 130 can be controlled in a zoned mode, and the contrast of the display panel 10 can be improved. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the third electrode 140 is plural and is located on the electrochromic layer 130, and the electrochromic layer 130 is located between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113. The voltages of the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113 may control the state of the electrochromic layer 130. For example, as shown in fig. 3, referring to fig. 1 and 2, when a forward voltage is applied to one of the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113, the electrochromic layer 130 between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113 at this position is in an opaque state, so that the external ambient light a cannot pass through the electrochromic layer 130 in the opaque state and is not reflected by the reflective layer 120 below, thereby being beneficial to reducing the brightness of the dark display area on the display panel 10. The dark state display area refers to an area of the display screen where no ambient light is required. Further, when negative voltage or no voltage is applied to the other third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113, the electrochromic layer 130 between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113 at this position is in a light-transmitting state, so that the external ambient light B can be reflected by the reflective layer 120 under the electrochromic layer 130 in the light-transmitting state, and the brightness of the bright display area on the display panel 10 can be improved. The bright display area refers to an area in the display screen where ambient light is required. Therefore, the embodiment of the application can realize that the display panel 10 displays the bright display area and the dark display area in different areas, so that the display area which should not transmit light has lower brightness and the display area which needs to transmit light has higher brightness, thereby being beneficial to improving the contrast ratio and the display effect of the display panel 10.
In some embodiments, in order to reduce the influence of the third electrode 140 over the electrochromic layer 130 on the liquid crystal deflection signal, a time-sharing control manner may be adopted. As shown in fig. 4, a timing diagram of time-sharing control is shown, where M is a liquid crystal deflection signal timing, and N is an electrochromic layer control signal timing. Since the electrochromic layer 130 can maintain a new state for a certain time after being excited by the voltage, the control voltage of the third electrode 140 can be input to control the state of the electrochromic layer 130 within the blank signal time P between two frames of pictures. In this way, the electrochromic layer 130 can be kept unchanged in the same state without affecting the liquid crystal deflection signal, which is advantageous for improving the display effect.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the display panel 10 further includes a convex lens layer 150 located on a side of the third electrode 140 away from the substrate 100, and a surface of the convex lens layer 150 on a side facing away from the substrate 100 has a convex portion 151. The present application further provides a convex lens layer 150 above the third electrode 140, and the convex lens has a converging effect on the light C. In this way, the external light C is advantageously subjected to the converging action of the convex lens layer 150, so that the utilization rate of the external ambient light is advantageously improved, the brightness of the display panel 10 is further improved, and the power consumption of the display panel 10 is reduced. In addition, the light is collected, so that the brightness of the bright display area on the display panel 10 is larger, and the contrast ratio of the display panel 10 is further improved, and the display effect is improved.
Further, the cross section of the convex portion 151 away from the edge line shape of the substrate 100 is a circular arc or a parabolic line. The parameters and confirmation of the convex part 151 with the shape are favorable for conveniently realizing the curvature radius and focal length of the convex part 151 by controlling the technological parameters, thereby achieving the required optical effect and realizing the excellent display effect.
As shown in fig. 6, in some embodiments of the present application, a side surface of the reflective layer 120 facing away from the substrate 100 has a concave portion 121, and the concave portion 121 and the convex portion 151 are disposed opposite to each other in a thickness direction of the display panel 10. The cross section of the concave portion 121 of the present application may be circular or parabolic near the edge line of the substrate 100. By providing the concave portion 121, the external ambient light D is favorably collected by concave reflection, and the light utilization efficiency is favorably improved. Further, the concave portion 121 and the convex portion 151 are disposed opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the display panel 10, that is, there is overlap of the concave portion 121 and the convex portion 151 in the orthographic projection of the substrate 100, and even complete overlap is possible. In this way, the light rays are collected twice at the same time, which is beneficial to further improving the utilization rate of the light rays, thereby improving the brightness of the display panel 10 and reducing the power consumption. In addition, the light is collected, so that the brightness of the bright display area on the display panel 10 is larger, and the contrast ratio of the display panel 10 is further improved, and the display effect is improved.
As shown in fig. 6, in some embodiments of the present application, the display panel 10 further includes a color film substrate 200 disposed opposite to the substrate 100, the color film substrate 200 includes a second substrate 210, a light-shielding layer 220 disposed on a side of the second substrate 210 near the substrate 100, and a light-shielding layer 230, and a fourth electrode 240 disposed on a side of the light-shielding layer 220 facing away from the second substrate 210, where the light-shielding layer 220 is disposed opposite to the pixel unit 110 in a thickness direction of the display panel 10. The color film substrate 200 is a key component for realizing the colorization of the liquid crystal panel, and the principle is that a shading layer 230, a filter layer 220 and the like are coated on a second substrate 210 through pigment dispersion and other processes, white light is filtered into three basic pigment lattices of red, green and blue, and color display is realized. The second substrate 210 may be a glass substrate. The filter layer 220 is a color filter film composed of three basic colors of red, green and blue, and is regularly distributed on the second substrate 210, and three colors of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) are generated by utilizing the principle of filtering, and the three colors are mixed according to different types to generate various colors. The light shielding layer 230, that is, the black matrix, is disposed between the plurality of filter layers 230, and is used for dividing adjacent color displays, shielding gaps of the colors, and preventing light leakage or color mixing. The filter layer 220 and the pixel unit 110 are disposed opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the display panel 10, that is, the projections of the two elements on the substrate 100 overlap, so that light can be conveniently transmitted from the pixel unit 110 to the filter layer 230, and the light can not be blocked by the light blocking layer 230, which is beneficial to improving the light transmittance. A liquid crystal layer 400 is generally further included between the substrate 100 and the color film substrate 200, and will not be described herein.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the color film substrate 200 further includes a fourth electrode 240, and the second electrode 113 is further overlapped with the reflective layer 120 through the via 1131. Thus, an inter-plate capacitance is formed between the fourth electrode 240 and the reflective layer 120 overlapped with the second electrode 113, thereby controlling the liquid crystal deflection. That is, the display panel 10 according to the embodiment of the application may be a TN type display panel, which has the advantages of fast response speed and low cost.
In other embodiments, the display panel 10 may also be an ADS (Advanced Super Dimension Switch, advanced super field switching technology) panel. The fourth electrode 240 may not be disposed on the color film substrate 200, and the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 113 on the substrate 100 are located on different layers, and one of them is a slit electrode, and the other is a plate electrode, where the slit electrode is closer to the liquid crystal layer than the plate electrode. The display panel 10 with the structure forms a multidimensional electric field through the electric field generated by the edges of the slit electrodes and the electric field generated between the slit electrodes and the plate electrodes in the same plane, so that all alignment liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal box between the slit electrodes and right above the electrodes can rotate, thereby being beneficial to improving the working efficiency of the liquid crystal and increasing the light transmission efficiency.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, the convex portion 151, the concave portion 121, and the filter layer 220 are disposed opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the display panel 10, that is, there is overlap between the convex portion 151, the concave portion 121, and the orthographic projection of the filter layer 220 on the substrate 100. This arrangement is advantageous in that external light secondarily collected through the convex portion 151 and the concave portion 121 is more easily reflected to the filter layer 220, thereby improving light utilization efficiency and display brightness.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, the front projection 140 'of each third electrode 140 on the substrate 100 covers four pixel units 110 of two adjacent rows, and the two adjacent third electrodes 140 are separated by the light shielding layer 230 on the front projection 230' of the substrate 100. Each of the third electrodes 140 may cover a different number of the pixel cells 110 in the orthographic projection 140' of the substrate 100, thereby dividing the pixel cells 110 on the substrate 100 into regions. In the embodiment of the present application, the orthographic projection 140' of each third electrode 140 covers four pixel units 110 of two adjacent rows, that is, the four pixel units 110 are divided into a group, and whether the light-transmitting area is controlled by one third electrode 140 above the light-transmitting area. Moreover, the pixel units 110 of two adjacent groups may be in the light-transmitting region or the light-non-transmitting region. For example, four pixel units 110 are defined as a first group, and when a forward voltage is applied between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113 on the first group, the electrochromic layer 130 in the middle is in an opaque state, so that the area where the first group is located is an opaque area. Defining another four pixel units 110 adjacent to the four pixel units 110 as a second group, when a forward voltage is applied between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113 on the second group, the area where the second group is located is also an opaque area, and the first group and the second group are in the same state; when a negative voltage or no voltage is applied between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113 on the second group, the area where the second group is located is a light-transmitting area, and the first group and the second group are in different states. Thus, the display panel 10 can be controlled to display the bright display area and the dark display area by each group of four pixel units 110, and the contrast ratio of the display panel 10 can be improved. It is readily understood that the orthographic projection 140' of each third electrode 140 may also cover 2 pixel units 110, 8 pixel units 110 or more pixel units 110, with the main difference that the area of the smallest area where light transmission or light non-transmission is achieved is changed. Of course, the fewer pixel cells 110 covered by the orthographic projection 140' of each third electrode 140, the finer the zonal control thereof. However, the difficulty of the realization technology is increased, which is unfavorable for the yield. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, preferably, each third electrode 140 covers four pixel units 110 of two adjacent rows, and a finer zoning control strategy is realized while ensuring the production yield.
In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the electrochromic layer 130 includes at least one of polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, metal phthalocyanine, viologen. The electrochromic layer 130 may be made of various materials, and one skilled in the relevant arts may choose at least one of the above-mentioned materials in consideration of cost and implementation difficulty. Of course, the material of the electrochromic layer 130 is not limited to the above ones, as long as electrochromic characteristics can be satisfied.
In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the lenticular layer 150 includes urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, or polyester acrylate. The material of the convex lens layer 150 may also be various, and a skilled person may choose at least one of the above-mentioned materials in consideration of cost and implementation difficulty. Of course, the material of the convex lens layer 150 is not limited to the above-mentioned ones.
In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the reflective layer 120 includes gold, silver, aluminum, molybdenum, or copper. The reflective layer 120 may be made of various materials, and the reflective layer 120 made of the materials has a high reflectivity, and a skilled person can choose at least one of the above materials in consideration of cost and implementation difficulty. Of course, the material of the reflective layer 120 is not limited to the above.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the thin film transistor 112 includes a gate electrode 1121, a gate insulating layer 1122, an active layer 1123, a source electrode 1124, and a drain electrode 1125, the drain electrode 1125 is electrically connected to the second electrode 113, and the pixel unit 110 further includes a protective layer 114 disposed between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 113. The thin film transistor 112 is a driving part of the pixel unit 110, a gate insulating layer 1122 is included between the active layer 1123 and the gate Electrode 1121, a Drain Electrode 1125 and a Source Electrode 1124 are disposed on a side of the active layer 1123 away from the gate insulating layer 160, and the Drain Electrode 1125 and the Source Electrode 1124 are disposed on the same layer. The active layer 1123 is made of a semiconductor material, and may be amorphous silicon, polysilicon, an organic semiconductor material, or the like, for example, without limitation. The source electrode 1124 and the drain electrode 1125 may include any of various metallic materials, such as silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al). In some embodiments, the gate electrode 1121 is located on a side of the active layer 1123 facing away from the substrate 100, i.e., a top gate structure; in other embodiments, the gate electrode 1121 is located on the side of the active layer 1123 close to the substrate 100, i.e., the bottom gate structure, which is not limited by the present application. In some embodiments, the thin film transistor 112 may further include an interlayer insulating layer or the like. It should be noted that the structure of the thin film transistor 112 is not limited thereto, and may be determined according to practical requirements. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the pixel unit 110 further includes a planarization layer 115 covering the second electrode 113, which is advantageous for planarization of the display panel 10.
A second aspect of the present application proposes a driving method of a display panel 10 for driving the display panel 10 according to the first aspect, the driving method comprising:
when a dark state display area and a bright state display area are generated on the display panel 10, the electrochromic layer 130 in the dark state display area is controlled to be opaque, and the electrochromic layer 130 in the bright state display area is controlled to be transparent.
The driving method of the present embodiment illustrates how to implement the state of the split-area control electrochromic layer 130 to enhance the contrast ratio of the display panel 10. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, when a dark state display region and a bright state display region are generated on the display panel 10, a forward voltage is applied between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113 in the dark state display region, and the electrochromic layer 130 therebetween is in an opaque state. At this time, the ambient light a cannot be reflected by the reflective layer 120, so that no light leaks out from the dark display area; a negative voltage or no voltage is applied between the third electrode 140 and the second electrode 113 in the bright state display region, and the electrochromic layer 130 therebetween is in a light-transmitting state. At this time, the ambient light B may be reflected by the reflective layer 120 and transmitted through the display panel 10, so that the bright display area displays normal colors, thereby being beneficial to improving the contrast ratio of the whole area of the display panel 10.
In some embodiments of the present application, a control signal for controlling the electrochromic layer 130 is input during adjacent two frame display times. In order to reduce the influence of the third electrode 140 above the electrochromic layer 130 on the liquid crystal deflection signal, the driving method of the present embodiment is time-sharing control. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, since the electrochromic layer 130 can maintain a new state for a certain time after being excited by a voltage, a control voltage of the third electrode 140 is input to control the state of the electrochromic layer 130 during a blank signal time in an adjacent two-frame display time. In this way, the electrochromic layer 130 can be kept unchanged in the same state without affecting the liquid crystal deflection signal, which is advantageous for improving the display effect.
A third aspect of the application proposes a display device comprising a display panel 10 according to the first aspect. The display device uses the display panel 10 according to the first aspect, which is beneficial to improving the contrast ratio of the display device, and further beneficial to improving the display effect.
It is noted that in the drawings, the size of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity of illustration. Moreover, it will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on" another element or layer, it can be directly on the other element or intervening layers may be present. In addition, it will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "under" another element or layer, it can be directly under the other element or intervening layers or elements may be present. In addition, it will be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being "between" two layers or elements, it can be the only layer between the two layers or elements, or more than one intervening layer or element may also be present. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a related manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as relevant to see a section of the description of method embodiments.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (13)
1. A display panel, comprising:
a substrate base;
a plurality of pixel units disposed on the substrate, the pixel units including a first electrode, a thin film transistor, and a second electrode connected to the thin film transistor;
the reflecting layer is arranged on one side, far away from the substrate, of the pixel unit and is used for reflecting external light;
an electrochromic layer disposed on a side of the reflective layer remote from the substrate;
a plurality of third electrodes disposed on a side of the electrochromic layer away from the substrate, the electrochromic layer disposed between the third electrodes and the second electrodes;
the second electrode is used for forming control voltage with the third electrode so as to control the electrochromic layer to be in different states;
inputting a control voltage of the third electrode to control the state of the electrochromic layer in a blank signal time between two frames of pictures;
the display panel further comprises a color film substrate which is arranged opposite to the substrate, and the color film substrate comprises a fourth electrode;
a liquid crystal layer is further arranged between the substrate base plate and the color film base plate;
and the second electrode is overlapped with the reflecting layer, and an inter-plate capacitance is formed between the fourth electrode and the reflecting layer overlapped with the second electrode, so that the deflection of liquid crystal is controlled.
2. The display panel of claim 1, further comprising a lenticular layer on a side of the third electrode remote from the substrate, the lenticular layer having a convex portion on a side surface of the lenticular layer remote from the substrate.
3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein a side surface of the reflective layer facing away from the substrate base plate has a concave portion, the concave portion being disposed opposite to the convex portion in a thickness direction of the display panel.
4. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein a shape of a cross section of the convex portion away from an edge line of the substrate base plate is a circular arc or a parabolic line.
5. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the color film substrate comprises a second substrate, a light filtering layer and a light shielding layer, wherein the light filtering layer and the light shielding layer are arranged on one side of the second substrate close to the substrate; the fourth electrode is arranged on one side, away from the second substrate, of the filter layer, and the filter layer and the pixel unit are oppositely arranged in the thickness direction of the display panel.
6. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein the convex portion, the concave portion, and the filter layer are disposed opposite to each other in a thickness direction of the display panel.
7. The display panel of claim 5, wherein the orthographic projection of each third electrode on the substrate covers four of the pixel units of two adjacent rows, the two adjacent third electrodes being separated by the orthographic projection of the light shielding layer on the substrate.
8. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the electrochromic layer material comprises at least one of polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, metal phthalocyanine, viologen.
9. The display panel of claim 2, wherein the material of the lenticular layer comprises urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, or polyester acrylate.
10. A display panel according to claim 3, wherein the material of the reflective layer comprises gold, silver, aluminum, molybdenum or copper.
11. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, a gate insulating layer, an active layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, the drain electrode is electrically connected to the second electrode, and the pixel unit further includes a protective layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.
12. A driving method of a display panel for driving the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising:
when a dark state display area and a bright state display area are generated on the display panel, controlling the electrochromic layer in the dark state display area to be opaque and controlling the electrochromic layer in the bright state display area to be transparent;
and inputting a control signal for controlling the electrochromic layer in two adjacent frame display time.
13. A display device comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
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