CN114720919A - Microwave magnetic field measuring method and microwave magnetic field measuring system - Google Patents
Microwave magnetic field measuring method and microwave magnetic field measuring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microwave magnetic field measuring method and a microwave magnetic field measuring system, wherein the microwave magnetic field measuring method comprises the following steps: applying a microwave magnetic field signal to be detected, continuous laser and a first reference microwave with preset power to a magnetic field probe in a preset magnetic field, so that the magnetic field probe emits a first fluorescent signal; acquiring time domain information of the first fluorescent signal, and acquiring frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal according to the time domain information of the first fluorescent signal; analyzing the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal, and adjusting the frequency of the first reference microwave according to the analysis result until the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal comprises a microwave magnetic field signal to be detected; and obtaining the magnetic field information to be detected according to the target frequency domain information by taking the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal comprising the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected as the target frequency domain information, wherein the microwave photon energy of the first reference microwave is equal to the energy level splitting size of the magnetic field probe under the preset magnetic field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of magnetic field measurement, in particular to a microwave magnetic field measurement method and a microwave magnetic field measurement system.
Background
The weak magnetic field detection technology has important significance in the fields of physics, materials and the like. The behavior of the magnetic field measurement depends on the physical properties of the sensor used. In the field of high-frequency weak magnetic field measurement, the quantum sensor can realize accurate and reliable measurement due to the excellent property of the quantum sensor. Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) -based sensors have found widespread application in the field of weak magnetic field detection. However, such a sensor is limited in that it requires a low temperature for use, and is difficult to be miniaturized and put to practical use. Thanks to the development of stable, inexpensive, miniaturized laser technology, atom-based sensors can compete with SQUID-based sensors. Among them, sensors based on nitrogen-vacancy color centers in diamond have been widely studied and applied in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and the like. However, such sensors are limited in their principle and method of measuring high-frequency weak magnetic fields, and in their measuring frequency range and intensity range. The measurement of high-frequency weak magnetic fields is of great significance in electron paramagnetic resonance (ESR) and high-field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Therefore, a high-frequency weak magnetic field detection method needs to be developed to improve the sensitivity of the sensor and expand the application scenes of the sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method and a system for measuring a microwave magnetic field, which are used to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems.
In order to achieve the above object, as one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a microwave magnetic field measuring method including:
applying a microwave magnetic field signal to be detected, continuous laser and a first reference microwave with preset power to a magnetic field probe in a preset magnetic field, so that the magnetic field probe emits a first fluorescent signal;
acquiring time domain information of the first fluorescent signal, and acquiring frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal according to the time domain information of the first fluorescent signal;
analyzing the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal, and adjusting the frequency of the first reference microwave according to the analysis result until the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal comprises the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected;
taking the frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal including the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected as target frequency domain information, and obtaining the microwave magnetic field information to be detected according to the target frequency domain information;
and the microwave photon energy of the first reference microwave is equal to the energy level splitting size of the magnetic field probe under the preset magnetic field.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, analyzing the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal, and adjusting the frequency of the first reference microwave according to the analysis result until the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal includes the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected, includes:
and analyzing the frequency domain information, and changing the frequency of the first reference microwave under the condition that the frequency domain information does not include the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected until the frequency domain information includes the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal according to the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal includes:
and performing Fourier transform on the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal to obtain frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the information of the microwave magnetic field to be measured according to the target frequency domain information includes:
obtaining frequency information of the microwave magnetic field to be detected according to the frequency of the signal peak in the target frequency domain information and the frequency of the first reference microwave;
and obtaining the intensity of the microwave magnetic field to be detected according to the intensity of the signal peak in the target frequency domain information and the intensity of the first reference microwave.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the method for determining the preset power comprises the following steps:
applying a standard magnetic field signal to the magnetic field probe in the preset magnetic field, and enabling the continuous laser and a second reference microwave to enable the magnetic field probe to emit a second fluorescent signal;
acquiring time domain information of the second fluorescent signal, and acquiring frequency domain information of the second fluorescent signal according to the time domain information of the second fluorescent signal;
obtaining the signal intensity of the standard magnetic field according to the frequency domain information of the second fluorescent signal, changing the power of the second reference microwave, and obtaining a change curve of the signal intensity of the standard magnetic field signal along with the power of the second reference microwave;
and selecting the power of the second reference microwave corresponding to the maximum signal intensity of the standard magnetic field signal as the preset power in the change curve.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the magnetic field probe comprises a diamond NV colour centre, gallium arsenide quantum dots, indium arsenide quantum dots;
and under the condition that the magnetic field probe is a diamond NV color center, the direction of the preset magnetic field is along the axial direction of the diamond NV color center.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the wavelength of the continuous laser is 532nm when the magnetic field probe is a diamond NV colour centre.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a microwave magnetic field measuring system, configured to implement the above-mentioned microwave magnetic field measuring method, including:
the magnetic field probe is suitable for sending out a first fluorescent signal under the action of a microwave magnetic field signal to be detected, a preset magnetic field, continuous laser and a first reference microwave with preset power;
the fluorescence signal processing unit is suitable for acquiring time domain information of the first fluorescence signal and obtaining frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal according to the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal; and analyzing the frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal to obtain the information of the microwave magnetic field to be detected.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the microwave magnetic field measurement system further comprises:
a laser adapted to generate the continuous laser light;
a microwave circuit adapted to generate a first reference microwave having a preset power;
a microwave radiation device, adapted to radiate the first reference microwave with a preset power onto the magnetic field probe;
static magnetic field generating means adapted to provide the predetermined magnetic field.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fluorescence signal processing unit includes:
a fluorescence concentrating means adapted to concentrate said first fluorescence signal;
the fluorescence reading device is suitable for converting the first fluorescence signal into an electric signal, and the electric signal is time domain information of the first fluorescence signal;
and the fluorescence analysis device is suitable for analyzing the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a microwave magnetic field signal to be measured, continuous laser and first reference microwave with preset power are applied to a magnetic field probe placed in a preset magnetic field, so that the magnetic field probe emits a first fluorescent signal, and the fluorescent signal is processed, so that high-sensitivity measurement can be realized on the microwave magnetic field to be measured with the frequency of 10 megahertz (MHz) to hundred gigahertz (GHz) and the intensity of less than 1 microtesla.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the magnitude of the decrease in fluorescence signal intensity as a function of microwave intensity G provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a pulse sequence of a continuous laser and a reference microwave provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph schematically showing the relationship between the intensity of a fluorescent signal and the intensity G of a reference microwave according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart schematically illustrating a method of measuring a microwave magnetic field provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a microwave magnetic field measurement system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a graph of preset power draws provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating time domain information of a first fluorescent signal provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating frequency domain information of a fluorescence signal obtained by Fourier transforming time domain information of a first fluorescence signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals
1 a magnetic field probe;
2 a fluorescent signal processing unit;
21 a fluorescence collection device;
22 a fluorescent light readout device;
23 a fluorescence analysis device;
3, a laser;
4, microwave magnetic field signals to be detected;
5, a microwave circuit;
6 microwave radiation device;
7 static magnetic field generating means.
Detailed Description
The sensor based on the superconducting quantum interferometer (SQUID) utilizes the Josephson effect and the magnetic flux quantization phenomenon of a Josephson tunnel junction at low temperature, and can convert the magnetic flux change caused by an external weak magnetic field into a signal of the maximum superconducting current for measurement. The method for measuring the magnetic field by using the superconducting quantum interferometer can be used for measuring weak magnetic signals and has wide application in materials and biomedicine. The technology utilizes the superconducting effect of the Josephson junction, and needs to use low-temperature conditions in realization, thereby bringing great difficulty to miniaturization and practicability. In addition, SQUID-based sensors are instruments that measure the relative values of magnetic fields, requiring calibration during use.
The other method for measuring the magnetic field improves the measurement sensitivity by applying a dynamic decoupling sequence generated by microwaves to the NV color center, and the method adopts the ensemble NV color center in the diamond to measure, so that the subpicot measurement sensitivity is achieved. However, this method is limited by the amount of microwave power that can be applied, and the length of the kinetic decoupling sequence cannot be infinitely short, making this measurement method ineffective when measuring high frequency (> 1 GHz) magnetic fields.
In the process of implementing the present invention, it is found that when continuous laser is applied to the magnetic field probe in the preset magnetic field, the fluorescence generated by the magnetic field probe can be detected by the fluorescence collecting device, and on this basis, when continuous reference microwaves matched with the energy level of the magnetic field probe are applied to the magnetic field probe (i.e. the photon energy of the microwaves is equal to the energy level splitting size of the magnetic field probe in the preset magnetic field), the intensity of the fluorescence signal generated by the magnetic field probe is reduced, and the reduction amplitude is positively correlated with the power of the microwaves, i.e. the square of the microwave intensity, as shown in fig. 1. Wherein a pulse sequence of the applied continuous laser and reference microwave is shown in fig. 2.
Therefore, when a microwave magnetic field signal to be measured with intensity G and frequency ω exists in the space and can be sensed by the magnetic field probe, and another microwave with intensity G and frequency ω + Δ is applied, a fluorescence signal with oscillation frequency Δ and signal intensity proportional to G can be obtained, and the relationship between the intensity of the fluorescence signal and the microwave intensity G of the other microwave is shown in fig. 3. The microwave power selected in the practical measurement of the microwave power measuring method is the microwave power corresponding to the G value at the position with the maximum fluorescence signal intensity (namely the position with the maximum microwave magnetic field signal intensity), and the frequency and intensity information of the microwave magnetic field signal to be measured can be obtained by performing spectrum analysis on the fluorescence signal.
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
Fig. 4 schematically shows a flowchart of a method for measuring a microwave magnetic field according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic field measuring method includes steps S1-S4.
S1: applying a microwave magnetic field signal to be detected, continuous laser and a first reference microwave with preset power to a magnetic field probe in a preset magnetic field, so that the magnetic field probe emits a first fluorescent signal;
s2: acquiring time domain information of the first fluorescent signal, and acquiring frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal according to the time domain information of the first fluorescent signal;
s3: analyzing the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal, and adjusting the frequency of the first reference microwave according to the analysis result until the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal comprises a microwave magnetic field signal to be detected;
s4: and obtaining the microwave magnetic field information to be detected according to the target frequency domain information by taking the frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal comprising the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected as the target frequency domain information.
And the microwave photon energy of the first reference microwave is equal to the energy level splitting size of the magnetic field probe under a preset magnetic field.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a microwave magnetic field signal to be measured, continuous laser and first reference microwave with preset power are applied to a magnetic field probe in a preset magnetic field, so that the magnetic field probe emits a first fluorescent signal, and the fluorescent signal is processed, so that a high-frequency weak microwave magnetic field with the frequency of 10 megahertz (MHz) to hundred gigahertz (GHz) and the intensity of less than 1 microtesla can be detected, and the measurement of the high-sensitivity high-frequency weak magnetic field is realized.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for determining a preset power includes:
applying a standard magnetic field signal to the magnetic field probe in a preset magnetic field, and continuously laser and second reference microwaves to enable the magnetic field probe to emit a second fluorescent signal;
acquiring time domain information of the second fluorescent signal, and acquiring frequency domain information of the second fluorescent signal according to the time domain information of the second fluorescent signal;
obtaining the signal intensity of the standard magnetic field according to the frequency domain information of the second fluorescent signal, and changing the power of the second reference microwave to obtain a change curve of the signal intensity of the standard magnetic field signal along with the power of the second reference microwave;
and in the change curve, selecting the power of the second reference microwave corresponding to the maximum signal intensity of the standard magnetic field signal as preset power.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, analyzing the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal, and adjusting the frequency of the first reference microwave according to the analysis result until the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal includes the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected, includes:
and analyzing the frequency domain information, and changing the frequency of the first reference microwave under the condition that the frequency domain information does not include the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected until the frequency domain information includes the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected. If the frequency domain information does not contain the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected, the frequency domain information can present a pattern with only noise background.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal according to the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal comprises:
and performing Fourier transform on the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal to obtain frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the obtaining of the microwave magnetic field information to be measured according to the target frequency domain information comprises the following steps:
obtaining frequency information of a microwave magnetic field to be measured according to the frequency of the signal peak in the target frequency domain information and the frequency of the first reference microwave;
and obtaining the intensity of the microwave magnetic field to be detected according to the intensity of the signal peak in the target frequency domain information and the intensity of the first reference microwave.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the magnetic field probe comprises diamond NV colour centers, gallium arsenide quantum dots, indium arsenide quantum dots.
In the case that the magnetic field probe is a diamond NV color center, the direction of the preset magnetic field is along the axial direction of the NV color center, and the wavelength of the laser is 532 nm. The NV colour centre (nitrogen-vacancy colour centre) in diamond is a defect of excellent optical properties, with the following characteristics: under the excitation of laser with the wavelength of 532nm, the NV color center can be polarized to a specific quantum state; NV colour centers in different quantum states can fluoresce with different intensities.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the molecular defect (nitrogen-vacancy color center) is used as a probe, the limitation that the traditional SQUID method needs a low-temperature environment is avoided, the measurement of a high-frequency weak magnetic field can be realized under the condition of room temperature and atmosphere, the possibility is provided for the miniaturization and the practicability of a high-frequency weak magnetic field detection device, and the method can be applied to the fields of electron paramagnetic resonance, high-field nuclear magnetic resonance and the like.
Fig. 5 schematically shows a schematic diagram of a microwave magnetic field measurement system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the microwave magnetic field measuring apparatus includes: a magnetic field probe 1 and a fluorescence signal processing unit 2.
The magnetic field probe 1 is suitable for emitting a first fluorescent signal under the action of a microwave magnetic field signal 4 to be detected, continuous laser and first reference microwave with preset power. The fluorescence signal processing unit 2 is adapted to obtain time domain information of the first fluorescence signal, and obtain frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal according to the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal; and analyzing the frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal to obtain the information of the microwave magnetic field to be detected.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the microwave magnetic field measuring apparatus further includes: a laser 3, a microwave circuit 5, a microwave radiation device 6 and a static magnetic field generating device 7.
The laser 3 is adapted to generate continuous laser light. The microwave circuit 5 is adapted to generate a first reference microwave having a predetermined power. The microwave radiation device 6 is adapted to radiate a first reference microwave having a predetermined power onto the magnetic field probe 1. The static magnetic field generating means 7 is adapted to provide a predetermined magnetic field.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fluorescence signal processing unit 2 includes: a fluorescence collection device 21, a fluorescence readout device 22 and a fluorescence analysis device 23.
The fluorescence collecting means 21 is adapted to collect the first fluorescence signal. The fluorescence read-out means 22 is adapted to convert the first fluorescence signal into an electrical signal, which is the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal. The fluorescence analyzing means 23 is adapted to analyze the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal.
According to a specific embodiment provided by the invention, a diamond NV color center is used as a magnetic field probe 1 to measure a microwave magnetic field to be measured, and the steps are as follows:
step 1: and preparing a diamond NV color center probe.
Step 2: and (5) assembling the microwave magnetic field measurement system. The diamond NV color center probe, the fluorescence aggregation module 21 and the fluorescence reading module 22 are connected together, so that fluorescence generated by the diamond NV color center probe can be efficiently collected and converted into an electric signal; connecting the microwave radiation device 6 with the microwave circuit 5, and adjusting the position of the microwave radiation device 6, so that the microwave (i.e. the second reference microwave) generated by the microwave radiation device 6 can be accurately applied to the diamond NV color center probe; the static magnetic field generating device 7 is adjusted so that a predetermined magnetic field (static magnetic field) generated by it is in an appropriate magnitude and direction. The magnitude of the predetermined magnetic field can be measured by a gauss meter. The direction of the preset magnetic field is vertical to the surface of the diamond, and the size of the preset magnetic field is 12.5 Gauss; the position of the laser 3 was adjusted so that the laser was incident perpendicular to the surface of the diamond NV centre probe and the laser power was set to 0.6W.
And 3, step 3: and selecting the optimal reference microwave power (namely the preset power) and calibrating the intensity. And simultaneously applying laser, second reference microwaves and a standard magnetic field with known intensity and frequency, wherein when the second reference microwaves and the standard magnetic field have frequency difference, a second fluorescent signal generated by the diamond NV color center probe is modulated, and frequency domain information corresponding to the second fluorescent signal can be obtained through Fourier transform, wherein the position on the frequency domain information corresponding to the frequency difference is the corresponding signal intensity of the standard magnetic field. As shown in fig. 6, the above steps are repeated by changing the second reference microwave intensity, so as to obtain the intensity of the second fluorescent signal under different second reference microwave intensities (the microwave power is proportional to the square of the microwave intensity), the power corresponding to the second reference microwave intensity when the second fluorescent signal intensity is the maximum is selected as the preset power (the arrow position in fig. 6), and the ratio of the maximum of the second fluorescent signal intensity to the standard magnetic field intensity is the signal intensity corresponding to the unit magnetic field intensity.
And 4, step 4: and measuring a microwave magnetic field signal 4 to be measured. The microwave magnetic field signal 4 to be measured is applied to the diamond NV color center probe through the microwave radiation device 6, laser and first reference microwave with preset power are continuously applied to the probe, and a first fluorescence signal obtained through measurement is continuously recorded (as shown in figure 7).
And 5: the time domain information (as shown in fig. 8) of the first fluorescence signal obtained in step 4 is fourier-transformed to obtain the frequency domain information.
And 6: and analyzing the frequency domain information, and judging whether the microwave magnetic field signal 4 to be detected is measured or not. If the microwave magnetic field signal 4 to be detected does not exist, changing the microwave frequency of the first reference microwave until the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal comprises the microwave magnetic field signal 4 to be detected; and if the signal exists, reading the frequency position and the intensity of the microwave magnetic field signal 4 to be detected on the frequency domain. The measured signal in this example is shown by the arrow position in fig. 8.
And 7: and obtaining the information of the actual microwave magnetic field signal 4 to be measured. The frequency of the microwave magnetic field signal 4 to be detected is the sum of the frequency of the signal in the frequency domain and the reference microwave frequency, and the intensity of the microwave magnetic field signal 4 to be detected is the ratio of the intensity of the signal in the frequency domain to the signal intensity corresponding to the unit magnetic field intensity.
The invention realizes high-sensitivity measurement of high-frequency weak magnetic field by using a method of applying reference microwave. Complex pulse operation is not needed, and the frequency range and the intensity range of high-frequency weak magnetic field detection by utilizing molecular defects in the crystal are expanded; the ensemble NV color center is used as the probe, so that the number of the probes is greatly increased, and the measuring speed of high-frequency weak magnetic field detection is increased.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of measuring a microwave magnetic field, comprising:
applying a microwave magnetic field signal to be detected, continuous laser and a first reference microwave with preset power to a magnetic field probe in a preset magnetic field, so that the magnetic field probe emits a first fluorescent signal;
acquiring time domain information of the first fluorescent signal, and acquiring frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal according to the time domain information of the first fluorescent signal;
analyzing the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal, and adjusting the frequency of the first reference microwave according to the analysis result until the frequency domain information of the first fluorescent signal comprises the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected;
taking the frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal including the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected as target frequency domain information, and obtaining the microwave magnetic field information to be detected according to the target frequency domain information;
and the microwave photon energy of the first reference microwave is equal to the energy level splitting size of the magnetic field probe under the preset magnetic field.
2. The measurement method according to claim 1, wherein analyzing the frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal, and adjusting the frequency of the first reference microwave according to the analysis result until the frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal includes the microwave magnetic field signal to be measured, comprises:
and analyzing the frequency domain information, and changing the frequency of the first reference microwave under the condition that the frequency domain information does not comprise the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected until the frequency domain information comprises the microwave magnetic field signal to be detected.
3. The measurement method of claim 1, wherein obtaining frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal from the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal comprises:
and performing Fourier transform on the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal to obtain frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal.
4. The measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the information of the microwave magnetic field to be measured according to the target frequency domain information includes:
obtaining frequency information of the microwave magnetic field to be detected according to the frequency of the signal peak in the target frequency domain information and the frequency of the first reference microwave;
and obtaining the intensity of the microwave magnetic field to be detected according to the intensity of the signal peak in the target frequency domain information and the intensity of the first reference microwave.
5. The measurement method of claim 1, wherein the determination method of the preset power comprises:
applying a standard magnetic field signal to the magnetic field probe in the preset magnetic field, and enabling the continuous laser and a second reference microwave to enable the magnetic field probe to emit a second fluorescent signal;
acquiring time domain information of the second fluorescent signal, and acquiring frequency domain information of the second fluorescent signal according to the time domain information of the second fluorescent signal;
obtaining the signal intensity of the standard magnetic field signal according to the frequency domain information of the second fluorescent signal, and changing the power of the second reference microwave to obtain a variation curve of the signal intensity of the standard magnetic field signal along with the power of the second reference microwave;
and selecting the power of the second reference microwave corresponding to the maximum signal intensity of the standard magnetic field signal as the preset power in the change curve.
6. The measurement method of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field probe comprises diamond NV colour centers, gallium arsenide quantum dots, indium arsenide quantum dots;
and under the condition that the magnetic field probe is a diamond NV color center, the direction of the preset magnetic field is along the axial direction of the diamond NV color center.
7. The measurement method of claim 6, wherein the wavelength of the continuous laser is 532nm when the magnetic field probe is a diamond NV color center.
8. A microwave magnetic field measuring system for implementing the microwave magnetic field measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
the magnetic field probe is suitable for sending out a first fluorescent signal under the action of a microwave magnetic field signal to be detected, a preset magnetic field, continuous laser and a first reference microwave with preset power;
the fluorescence signal processing unit is suitable for acquiring time domain information of the first fluorescence signal and obtaining frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal according to the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal; and analyzing the frequency domain information of the first fluorescence signal to obtain the information of the microwave magnetic field to be detected.
9. The microwave magnetic field measurement system of claim 8, further comprising:
a laser adapted to generate the continuous laser light;
a microwave circuit adapted to generate a first reference microwave having a preset power;
a microwave radiation device, adapted to radiate the first reference microwave with a preset power onto the magnetic field probe;
static magnetic field generating means adapted to provide said predetermined magnetic field.
10. The microwave magnetic field measurement system according to claim 8, wherein the fluorescence signal processing unit includes:
a fluorescence concentrating means adapted to concentrate said first fluorescence signal;
the fluorescence reading device is suitable for converting the first fluorescence signal into an electric signal, and the electric signal is time domain information of the first fluorescence signal;
and the fluorescence analysis device is suitable for analyzing the time domain information of the first fluorescence signal.
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