CN114720381A - Trace ozone concentration measuring device - Google Patents
Trace ozone concentration measuring device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于化学发光法测量环境臭氧浓度领域,具体涉及一种痕量臭氧浓度测量装置。 The invention belongs to the field of environmental ozone concentration measurement by chemiluminescence method, and particularly relates to a trace ozone concentration measurement device.
背景技术Background technique
日常所说的臭氧污染,其实就是指的光化学烟雾。光化学烟雾的实质是由汽车、工厂等污染源排入大气的氮氧化物和碳氢化合物等一次污染物,在太阳紫外线的照射下发生光化学反应,生成臭氧等二次污染物。臭氧具有强烈的刺激性,主要是刺激和损害深部呼吸道,并可损害中枢神经系统,对眼睛有轻度的刺激作用。通常臭氧浓度测量,需要进口昂贵的紫外测量仪器。化学发光法测量痕量臭氧浓度是近年的研究成果。化学发光法测量痕量臭氧的原理:在反应室内相向通入NO标气与含有O3的气体,O3与NO反应生成激发态的NO2*分子,而NO2*分子不能稳定存在,它会迅速衰减为基态的NO2,时间小于1纳秒,辐射出中心波长为1200nm的荧光,发光方向随机,其光谱范围为600—3000nm。在标气NO过量的情况下,可以近似认为O3完全耗尽反应,所测得荧光强度正比于O3的浓度,从而可以准确的测量环境中的痕量臭氧。荧光信号弱,光衰快,仅能传播100毫米,观测困难。椭球化学发光反应室的光学特点:椭球内部有两个焦点,从其中一个焦点发出的光,经椭球内腔面反射后,光线都会聚于另一个焦点上,椭球发光室很好的化学发光反应室。思路如下:1.设定椭球发光室的长轴为x轴,从椭球发光室长轴原点竖平面切开,为左右椭球发光室,方便安装内部器件,左右椭球发光室的外沿等距分布六个法兰耳,法兰耳中间设置螺纹通孔,用螺栓把左右椭球发光室合拢,成一个完整的遮光密封椭球发光室,满足腔内反射条件;2. 左半椭球发光室和右半椭球发光室采用铸铝件,由于臭氧气体是强腐蚀介质,椭球发光室内部抛光铝膜可以反射光线,也可以抵抗臭氧气体的强腐蚀。3.在左右椭球发光室之间添加石英玻璃镜片,通过左右椭球发光室的六个法兰耳、螺纹通孔、螺栓把左右椭球发光室合拢后,石英玻璃镜片把椭球发光室分隔成两半,左半椭球发光室内是密封的半椭球反应气室,右半椭球发光室是密闭的光学接收室;而椭球中间的石英玻璃镜片对化学发光完全透明,仍然满足椭球腔内光学反射规律。4.在左半椭球发光室左焦平面椭球发光室上相向设置环境样气(含臭氧)输入管道、标气输入管道,环境样气(含臭氧)输入管道与标气输入管道的NO气体交汇点即化学发光点在左半椭球发光室左焦点,构成化学发光室;在左椭球发光室长轴位置对应椭球发光室上设置排气管道,实时排出反应后的废气;5.化学发光点在椭球的左焦点,左焦点的任一发光、直接或经过椭球发光室内部某点反射、汇聚在椭球的右焦点,构成一个发光反射光程;所有椭球内发光反射光程恒等于2c,均汇聚在椭球的右焦点;6.在椭球发光室的右焦平面安装光电倍增管,光电倍增管吸光窗口在椭球的右焦点,最大接收椭球内的全部方向的荧光。7. 为了消除环境温度对化学发光的影响,椭球整体设置在恒温室内。椭球自身的热容量大,可以抵消输入气体引起的温度下降;椭球内部由MCU微处理器控制温度恒定,反应室内温度在化学发光的最佳区间。8. MCU微处理器定时启动采样气泵和样气流量、标气减压开关和标气流量,流量比为1/10,确保臭氧完全转换激发态NO2*发光。9. MCU微处理器接收光电倍增管电量信号,转换为臭氧浓度信号,显示并上传上位机。 The daily ozone pollution refers to photochemical smog. The essence of photochemical smog is that primary pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons discharged into the atmosphere by pollution sources such as automobiles and factories undergo photochemical reactions under the irradiation of solar ultraviolet rays to generate secondary pollutants such as ozone. Ozone has a strong irritant, mainly stimulates and damages the deep respiratory tract, and can damage the central nervous system, and has a mild irritating effect on the eyes. Usually, the measurement of ozone concentration requires imported expensive ultraviolet measuring instruments. The measurement of trace ozone concentration by chemiluminescence is a research achievement in recent years. The principle of chemiluminescence measurement of trace ozone: the NO standard gas and the gas containing O3 are introduced into the reaction chamber in opposite directions, and the O3 and NO react to generate excited NO2* molecules, but the NO2* molecules cannot exist stably, and it will rapidly decay to The NO2 in the ground state, the time is less than 1 nanosecond, radiates the fluorescence with the center wavelength of 1200nm, the light emission direction is random, and its spectral range is 600-3000nm. In the case of excessive NO in the standard gas, it can be approximated that O3 is completely depleted, and the measured fluorescence intensity is proportional to the concentration of O3, so that trace ozone in the environment can be accurately measured. The fluorescence signal is weak, the light decays quickly, and it can only travel 100 mm, making it difficult to observe. Optical characteristics of ellipsoid chemiluminescence reaction chamber: There are two focal points inside the ellipsoid. The light emitted from one of the focal points will be concentrated on the other focal point after being reflected by the inner cavity surface of the ellipsoid. The ellipsoid luminescence chamber is very good. chemiluminescence reaction chamber. The idea is as follows: 1. Set the long axis of the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber as the x-axis, and cut it from the vertical plane of the origin of the long axis of the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber to form the left and right ellipsoid light-emitting chambers, which is convenient for installing internal devices. Distribute six flange ears at equal distances, and set threaded through holes in the middle of the flange ears. Use bolts to close the left and right ellipsoid light-emitting chambers to form a complete shading and sealed ellipsoid light-emitting chamber, which meets the reflection conditions in the cavity; 2. The left half The ellipsoid light-emitting room and the right semi-ellipsoid light-emitting room are made of cast aluminum parts. Since ozone gas is a strong corrosive medium, the polished aluminum film inside the ellipsoid light-emitting room can reflect light and resist the strong corrosion of ozone gas. 3. Add quartz glass lenses between the left and right ellipsoid light-emitting chambers. After closing the left and right ellipsoid light-emitting chambers through the six flange ears, threaded through holes and bolts of the left and right ellipsoid light-emitting chambers, the quartz glass lens closes the ellipsoid light-emitting chambers. Divided into two halves, the left semi-ellipsoid light-emitting chamber is a sealed semi-ellipsoid reaction gas chamber, and the right semi-ellipsoid light-emitting chamber is a closed optical receiving chamber; while the quartz glass lens in the middle of the ellipsoid is completely transparent to chemiluminescence, still satisfying The law of optical reflection in ellipsoid cavity. 4. Set the environmental sample gas (including ozone) input pipeline, the standard gas input pipeline, the ambient sample gas (including ozone) input pipeline and the standard gas input pipeline NO The gas intersection point, that is, the chemiluminescence point, is at the left focus of the left semi-ellipsoid luminescence chamber, forming a chemiluminescence chamber; an exhaust pipe is set on the ellipsoid luminescence chamber corresponding to the long axis of the left ellipsoid luminescence chamber to discharge the reacted waste gas in real time; 5 The chemiluminescence point is at the left focus of the ellipsoid, any light at the left focus is reflected directly or through a point inside the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber, and converges at the right focus of the ellipsoid, forming a luminous reflection optical path; all luminescence in the ellipsoid The reflected optical path is always equal to 2c, all of which converge at the right focus of the ellipsoid; 6. Install a photomultiplier tube on the right focal plane of the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber, and the light absorption window of the photomultiplier tube is at the right focus of the ellipsoid. Fluorescence in all directions. 7. In order to eliminate the influence of ambient temperature on chemiluminescence, the whole ellipsoid is set in a constant temperature room. The heat capacity of the ellipsoid itself is large, which can offset the temperature drop caused by the input gas; the temperature inside the ellipsoid is controlled by the MCU microprocessor to be constant, and the temperature in the reaction chamber is in the optimal range of chemiluminescence. 8. The MCU microprocessor regularly starts the sampling gas pump, the sample gas flow, the standard gas pressure reducing switch and the standard gas flow, and the flow ratio is 1/10 to ensure that the ozone completely converts the excited state NO2* to emit light. 9. The MCU microprocessor receives the photomultiplier tube power signal, converts it into an ozone concentration signal, displays and uploads it to the upper computer.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是提供一种化学荧光法测量臭氧气体浓度的测量装置。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a measuring device for measuring ozone gas concentration by chemical fluorescence method.
本发明的技术方案:一种痕量臭氧浓度测量装置,其特征是,该臭氧浓度测量装置的可拆卸椭球发光室安装在可拆卸恒温室(10)内部; The technical solution of the present invention: a trace ozone concentration measuring device, characterized in that the detachable ellipsoid light-emitting chamber of the ozone concentration measuring device is installed inside the detachable constant temperature chamber (10);
如图1所示,所述可拆卸恒温室(10)的外形是长立方盒子(101),椭球发光室的长轴沿长立方盒子(101)的长边方向,长立方盒子(101)的长边大于椭球发光室的2倍长轴,长立方盒子(101)的两个短边长度相同,长立方盒子(101)的短边长度大于椭球发光室的2倍短轴;长立方盒子(101)的四角设置固定螺丝座(104),长立方盒子(101)的上盖和下盖是活动盖,上盖和下盖加密封垫用四角的螺丝固定;长立方盒子(101)内部还设置加热棒(102)和温度传感器(103),加热棒(102)和温度传感器(103)电连接MCU微处理器(11),MCU微处理器(11)控制可拆卸恒温室(10)内部恒温;优选的可拆卸恒温室(10)内部温度在适合激发态NO2*荧光产生的温度段中;优选的椭球2倍长轴小于或等于荧光传播距离100毫米;As shown in Figure 1, the detachable constant temperature chamber (10) is in the shape of a long cubic box (101), and the long axis of the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber is along the long side direction of the long cubic box (101). The long side of the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber is longer than twice the long axis, the length of the two short sides of the long cubic box (101) is the same, and the length of the short side of the long cubic box (101) is greater than twice the short axis of the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber; The four corners of the cube box (101) are provided with fixing screw seats (104), the upper and lower covers of the long cube box (101) are movable covers, and the upper and lower covers and gaskets are fixed with screws at the four corners; the long cube box (101) ) is also provided with a heating rod (102) and a temperature sensor (103) inside, and the heating rod (102) and the temperature sensor (103) are electrically connected to the MCU microprocessor (11), which controls the detachable constant temperature chamber ( 10) Internal constant temperature; preferably, the internal temperature of the detachable constant temperature chamber (10) is in the temperature range suitable for excited state NO2* fluorescence generation; the
如图2所示,所述可拆卸椭球发光室包括左椭球球壳(1)、左右椭球球壳外六个法兰耳下(4)、石英玻璃镜片(5)、右椭球球壳(7)、左右椭球球壳外六个法兰耳上(8);左椭球球壳(1)和右椭球球壳(7)采用铸铝椭球球壳,铸铝椭球球壳内部抛光;如图2所示,在左椭球球壳(1)和右椭球球壳(7)之间加入石英玻璃镜片(5),左椭球球壳(1)和右椭球球壳(7)通过外部的六个法兰耳下(4)、六个法兰耳上(7)螺纹通孔螺栓机械连接,左椭球球壳(1)和右椭球球壳(7)合拢形成可拆卸椭球发光室;进一步,如图2所示,左椭球球壳(1)与石英玻璃镜片(5)组成密闭的发光反应室;在左椭球发光室的焦平面x=-c的横断面上,从横断面上过焦点的水平线起,沿顺时针方向设置相向可密闭洞口,依次设置标气输入管道(3)、环境样气输入管道(9),环境样气输入管道(9)与标气输入管道(3)在一条过焦点的直径上;在左椭球发光室的长轴上设置可密闭洞口,在可密闭洞口安装排气管道(2);As shown in Figure 2, the detachable ellipsoid light-emitting chamber includes a left ellipsoid shell (1), six flanges under the left and right ellipsoid shells (4), a quartz glass lens (5), a right ellipsoid The spherical shell (7), the six flange ears (8) outside the left and right ellipsoid shells; the left ellipsoid shell (1) and the right ellipsoid shell (7) are cast aluminum ellipsoid shells, cast aluminum Polish the inside of the spherical shell; as shown in Figure 2, add a quartz glass lens (5) between the left ellipsoid shell (1) and the right ellipsoid shell (7), the left ellipsoid shell (1) and the right The ellipsoid shell (7) is mechanically connected by threaded through-hole bolts under the six outer flange ears (4) and the six flange ears (7), the left ellipsoid shell (1) and the right ellipsoid shell (7) Close up to form a detachable ellipsoid light-emitting chamber; further, as shown in Figure 2, the left ellipsoid shell (1) and the quartz glass lens (5) form a closed light-emitting reaction chamber; On the cross-section of the plane x=-c, starting from the horizontal line passing through the focal point on the cross-section, set up the opposite sealable openings in the clockwise direction, and set up the standard gas input pipeline (3), the environmental sample gas input pipeline (9), and the environmental sample gas input pipeline (9). The sample gas input pipe (9) and the standard gas input pipe (3) are on a diameter that passes through the focal point; a sealable hole is arranged on the long axis of the left ellipsoid light-emitting chamber, and an exhaust pipe (2) is installed at the sealable hole;
进一步,在左椭球球壳(1)焦平面x=-f相向设置的环境样气输入管道(9)、标气输入管道(3),围绕椭球球壳的焦点相向设置,两种气体臭氧和NO的交汇点在左椭球球壳的焦点,NO气体包裹臭氧气体,排气管道在左椭球球壳长轴上,两种气体交汇混合激发化学发光在左椭球球壳焦点;Further, the ambient sample gas input pipeline (9) and the standard gas input pipeline (3) arranged opposite to the focal plane x=-f of the left ellipsoid shell (1) are arranged opposite to each other around the focal point of the ellipsoid shell, and the two gases The intersection point of ozone and NO is at the focal point of the left ellipsoid shell, NO gas wraps the ozone gas, the exhaust pipe is on the long axis of the left ellipsoid shell, and the two gases meet and mix to excite chemiluminescence at the focus of the left ellipsoid shell;
石英玻璃镜片(5)与右椭球球壳(7)构成密闭的光电转换室,在右椭球球壳(7)沿椭球发光室的焦平面x=f打孔,装入光电倍增管(6),光电倍增管(6)的光学窗口在右椭球球壳焦点上;左椭球球壳(1)焦点的化学发光,直射或经过椭球球壳的内部反射,穿过左椭球球壳(1)和右椭球球壳(7)之间的石英玻璃镜片(5)光学连接右椭球球壳(7)焦点的光电倍增管(6)光学窗口;The quartz glass lens (5) and the right ellipsoid shell (7) form a closed photoelectric conversion chamber, and the right ellipsoid shell (7) is drilled along the focal plane x=f of the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber, and a photomultiplier tube is installed. (6), the optical window of the photomultiplier tube (6) is at the focus of the right ellipsoid shell; the chemiluminescence at the focus of the left ellipsoid shell (1), directly or through the internal reflection of the ellipsoid shell, passes through the left ellipsoid shell The quartz glass lens (5) between the spherical shell (1) and the right ellipsoid shell (7) is optically connected to the photomultiplier tube (6) optical window of the focus of the right ellipsoid shell (7);
进一步,排气管道(2)、标气管道(3)和环境样气输入管道(9)穿过可拆卸恒温室(10)左壁,其中环境样气输入管道(9)管道连接样气流量计(91)入口端,样气流量计(91)出口端管道连接蠕动采样泵(92)出气端,蠕动采样泵(92)进气端连接带有颗粒过滤装置的采样口(93);标气输入管道(3)管道连接标气流量计(31)入口端,标气流量计(31)出口端管道连接标气减压阀(32),标气减压阀(32)连接标气源(33);排气管道(2)管道连接单向阀(22),单向阀(22)连接废气排气口(20),单向阀(22)只允许单向通气;Further, the exhaust pipe (2), the standard gas pipe (3) and the ambient sample gas input pipe (9) pass through the left wall of the detachable constant temperature chamber (10), wherein the ambient sample gas input pipe (9) is connected to the sample gas flow The inlet end of the meter (91), the outlet end of the sample gas flowmeter (91) is connected to the outlet end of the peristaltic sampling pump (92), and the inlet end of the peristaltic sampling pump (92) is connected to the sampling port (93) with a particle filter; The gas input pipeline (3) is connected to the inlet end of the standard gas flowmeter (31), the outlet end of the standard gas flowmeter (31) is connected to the standard gas pressure reducing valve (32), and the standard gas pressure reducing valve (32) is connected to the standard gas source (33); The exhaust pipe (2) is connected to the one-way valve (22), the one-way valve (22) is connected to the exhaust gas exhaust port (20), and the one-way valve (22) only allows one-way ventilation;
如图3所示,标气减压阀(32)、蠕动采样泵(92)、加热棒(102)、温度传感器(103)和光电倍增管(6)电连接MCU微处理器(11),MCU微处理器(11)电连接显示屏(12);MCU微处理器(11)接收光电倍增管电量信号,转换为臭氧浓度信号,显示臭氧浓度并上传上位机。As shown in Figure 3, the standard gas pressure reducing valve (32), the peristaltic sampling pump (92), the heating rod (102), the temperature sensor (103) and the photomultiplier tube (6) are electrically connected to the MCU microprocessor (11), The MCU microprocessor (11) is electrically connected to the display screen (12); the MCU microprocessor (11) receives the electric quantity signal of the photomultiplier tube, converts it into an ozone concentration signal, displays the ozone concentration and uploads it to the upper computer.
本发明一种痕量臭氧浓度测量装置的工作原理简述:椭球内部的光学特点:椭球内部左右两个焦点,从其中一个焦点发出的光,经椭球内面反射后,光线都会聚于另一个焦点上。从椭球的光学特点出发,推断椭球发光室很好的化学发光反应室。该可拆卸椭球发光反应室,从长轴x=0处,用竖直平面切开,分别是左半铸铝椭球球壳,右半铸铝椭球球壳;在左、右椭球发光室截面之间加入密封垫,左、右半铸铝椭球球壳通过外沿的六个法兰耳、螺纹通孔螺栓机械连接,左、右椭球发光室合拢,形成内部气密性遮光左半椭球发光反应室;左右椭球发光室腔体内部抛光,利于荧光反射;为了消除环境温度对化学发光的影响,椭球发光室在恒温室内部,由MCU微处理器(11)控制温度恒定50度。 Brief description of the working principle of a trace ozone concentration measurement device of the present invention: Optical characteristics inside the ellipsoid: the light emitted from one of the left and right focal points inside the ellipsoid, after being reflected by the inner surface of the ellipsoid, will converge on the another focus. From the optical characteristics of the ellipsoid, it is inferred that the ellipsoid luminescence chamber is a good chemiluminescence reaction chamber. The detachable ellipsoid light-emitting reaction chamber is cut with a vertical plane from the long axis x=0, which are the left half-cast aluminum ellipsoid spherical shell and the right half-cast aluminum ellipsoid spherical shell; A gasket is added between the sections of the light-emitting chamber, the left and right semi-cast aluminum ellipsoid spherical shells are mechanically connected by six flange ears and threaded through-hole bolts on the outer edge, and the left and right ellipsoid light-emitting chambers are closed to form an internal airtightness The left half ellipsoid light-emitting reaction chamber is shaded; the interior of the left and right ellipsoid light-emitting chambers is polished to facilitate fluorescence reflection; in order to eliminate the influence of ambient temperature on chemiluminescence, the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber is inside the constant temperature chamber, and is controlled by the MCU microprocessor (11) Control the temperature to a constant 50 degrees.
MCU微处理器(11)控制采样气泵和样气流量计、标气减压开关和标气流量计,确保臭氧完全转换激发态NO发光;在适合的温度50摄氏度下,椭球球形反应室内部左焦平面,环境样气(内含臭氧)输入管道细,标气输入管道粗,两种气体交汇点在椭球的左焦点附近,NO包裹O3气体; NO与O3反应生成激发态的NO2*分子,而NO2*分子不能稳定存在,它会迅速衰减为基态的NO2,时间小于1纳秒,并辐射出中心波长为1200nm的荧光,其光谱范围为600—3000nm,发光点在焦点附近;选用石英玻璃透镜,可以通过600—3000nm的全部荧光。排气管道与环境样气(内含臭氧)输入管道、标气输入管道连线垂直,排气管道沿长轴方向指向焦点,两种气体交汇后由排气管道经过单向阀由排气口排出,气体发光带在左椭球球的焦点;通过调整环境样气(内含臭氧)输入管道和标气输入管道的管径、管与管之间的距离,以及流量,保证O3气体的全部发光反应;气体的混合过程,基本上都在左铸铝椭球焦平面,发光面都在左铸铝椭球球焦平面;椭球的左焦点的发光点,直射或经过四周椭球发光室抛光铝膜反光,聚焦在椭球的另一个焦点。所有发光经过椭球球壳内部反射,穿过之间的石英玻璃透镜达到椭球的右焦点;椭球的右焦点安装的光电倍增管接收全部发光。椭球的左焦点左焦平面的发光经过椭球的反射,穿过石英玻璃透镜,光连接光电倍增管;光电倍增管把荧光强度转换成电压信号,光强与电压成正比,电压信号就是臭氧的浓度信号。MCU微处理器(11)接收光电倍增管电量信号,转换为臭氧浓度信号,显示臭氧浓度并上传上位机。 The MCU microprocessor (11) controls the sample gas pump, the sample gas flowmeter, the standard gas pressure reducing switch and the standard gas flowmeter to ensure that the ozone completely converts the excited state NO to emit light; at a suitable temperature of 50 degrees Celsius, the interior of the ellipsoid spherical reaction chamber In the left focal plane, the input pipeline of ambient sample gas (containing ozone) is thin, and the input pipeline of standard gas is thick. The intersection point of the two gases is near the left focus of the ellipsoid, and NO wraps O3 gas; NO reacts with O3 to generate excited state NO2* Molecules, and NO2* molecules cannot exist stably, it will rapidly decay to ground state NO2, the time is less than 1 nanosecond, and radiate fluorescence with a central wavelength of 1200nm, its spectral range is 600-3000nm, and the luminous point is near the focus; Quartz glass lens, can pass all the fluorescence of 600-3000nm. The exhaust pipe is perpendicular to the input pipe of ambient sample gas (containing ozone) and the input pipe of standard gas, and the exhaust pipe points to the focus along the long axis direction. Exhaust, the gas light-emitting band is at the focus of the left ellipsoid; by adjusting the diameter of the ambient sample gas (containing ozone) input pipe and the standard gas input pipe, the distance between the pipes, and the flow rate, all the O3 gas can be guaranteed. Luminescence reaction; the mixing process of gas is basically in the focal plane of the left-cast aluminum ellipsoid, and the light-emitting surface is in the focal plane of the left-cast aluminum ellipsoid; The polished aluminum film reflects light and focuses on another focal point of the ellipsoid. All the light is reflected inside the ellipsoid shell and reaches the right focus of the ellipsoid through the quartz glass lens in between; the photomultiplier tube installed at the right focus of the ellipsoid receives all the light. The light from the left focal plane of the ellipsoid is reflected by the ellipsoid, passes through the quartz glass lens, and the light is connected to the photomultiplier tube; the photomultiplier tube converts the fluorescence intensity into a voltage signal, the light intensity is proportional to the voltage, and the voltage signal is ozone concentration signal. The MCU microprocessor (11) receives the power signal of the photomultiplier tube, converts it into an ozone concentration signal, displays the ozone concentration and uploads it to the upper computer.
本发明的有益之处是,椭球发光室安装在恒温室内部,利用椭球发光室内部全反射光学特征和恒温室温度恒温特点,保持化学发光的最优温度,控制环境样气输入管道、标气输入管道的流量计,保证O3气体与NO气体混合的中心在椭球内腔的左焦点;所有焦平面发光在铸铝椭球内腔反射,集中到椭球内腔右焦点、穿过椭球中间石英玻璃透镜集中到另一焦点的光电倍增管窗口上,提高了臭氧检出限,光利用率超过90%。设置可拆卸恒温室,方便定期检查维修椭球腔体,擦洗石英玻璃透镜。 The advantage of the present invention is that the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber is installed inside the constant temperature chamber, and the optimal temperature of chemiluminescence is maintained by utilizing the internal total reflection optical characteristics of the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber and the temperature and constant temperature characteristics of the constant temperature chamber, and the environment sample gas input pipeline, The flowmeter of the standard gas input pipeline ensures that the center of the mixture of O3 gas and NO gas is at the left focus of the ellipsoid cavity; all focal plane light is reflected in the cast aluminum ellipsoid cavity, concentrated to the right focus of the ellipsoid cavity, and passes through the ellipsoid cavity. The quartz glass lens in the middle of the ellipsoid is concentrated on the photomultiplier tube window of the other focus, which improves the detection limit of ozone, and the light utilization rate exceeds 90%. A detachable constant temperature chamber is set up to facilitate regular inspection and maintenance of the ellipsoid cavity and cleaning of the quartz glass lens.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1一种痕量臭氧浓度测量装置的整体结构示意图 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a trace ozone concentration measuring device
图2一种痕量臭氧浓度测量装置的椭球发光室剖面图Fig. 2 sectional view of an ellipsoid light-emitting chamber of a trace ozone concentration measuring device
图3一种痕量臭氧浓度测量装置的电路连接方框图。Figure 3 is a block diagram of circuit connection of a trace ozone concentration measuring device.
图中1、左椭球球壳,2、排气管道, 3、标气输入管道,4、左右椭球球壳外六个法兰耳下,5、石英玻璃镜片,6、遮光的光电倍增管, 7、右椭球球壳,8、左右椭球球壳外六个法兰耳上, 9、环境样气输入管道,10、可拆卸恒温室, 11、MCU微处理器, 12、显示屏,20、排气口,22、单向阀, 31、标气流量计 ,32、标气减压阀,91、采样流量计, 92、采样蠕动泵,93、带颗粒过滤装置的采样口,101 、长立方盒子,102、加热棒,103、温度传感器,104 、上下盖固定螺丝座(长立方盒子的上下盖没画出)。 In the
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以XHX-- O3cl一种痕量臭氧浓度发光测量装置为实施例,结合说明书附图说明图1 如下:XHX-- O3cl一种痕量臭氧的发光测量装置设计思路如下,由化学发光荧光衰减距离,定椭球球体内腔长轴,球体积,气量,管径比,流速和流量。查验化学发光手册,荧光衰减距离是100毫米;腔内反射光程2c<100毫米,故选用椭球内腔长轴c等于30毫米、短轴a=b=20毫米。石英玻璃透镜的内径选用18毫米,配密封垫。计算,球体内腔的体积是50毫升。实验发现,环境样气中的颗粒物,影响化学发光,故在采样口加入颗粒过滤装置。环境样气通过带颗粒过滤装置的采样口滤除颗粒物,通过流量计控制样气流量,进入环境样气输入管道。环境样气输入管道的直径在0.20毫米--1.2毫米,选取0.6毫米,距离焦点6毫米,流量1毫升/分钟;标气输入管道的管径在3毫米--12毫米,选取6毫米,距离焦点0.6毫米,流量10毫升/分钟。在适合的温度50摄氏度下,椭球反应室内部,环境样气输入管道细Ø=0.6毫米,出口端距离焦点6毫米;标气输入管道粗Ø=6毫米,距离出口端距离焦点0.6毫米。沿过焦点的半径对向设置,两种气体交汇点在焦点附近,NO气体包裹O3气体; NO与O3反应生成激发态的NO2*分子,而NO2*分子不能稳定存在,它会迅速衰减为基态的NO2,时间小于1纳秒,并辐射出中心波长为1200nm的荧光,其光谱范围为600—3000nm,发光点在焦点附近;排气管道与环境样气输入管道、标气输入管道连线垂直,排气管道指向焦点,两种气体交汇后由排气管道排出,气体发光带,也在左椭球的焦平面上;通过调整环境样气输入管道和标气输入管道之间的距离,以及调节流量,保证O3气体射入的NO气体的中心,O3气体全部发光反应,经过椭球内腔反射,穿过石英玻璃透镜,全部发光到达光电倍增管,转换成电压信号,其光效接近90%。电压信号强度正比于光信号强度。电压信号经过线性放大,模数转换,进入MCU最小系统。MCU最小系统输出O3气体的浓度。实验测试,O3气体的检出浓度为0.01-0.05ppb。检出限,较球形反应室提高一个数量级。Taking XHX--O3cl a kind of trace ozone concentration luminescence measurement device as an example, the description of Figure 1 in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is as follows: XHX--O3cl a kind of trace ozone luminescence measurement device The design idea is as follows, from the chemiluminescence fluorescence decay distance , determine the long axis of the inner cavity of the ellipsoid sphere, the volume of the sphere, the gas volume, the pipe diameter ratio, the velocity and the flow rate. According to the chemiluminescence manual, the fluorescence attenuation distance is 100 mm; the reflection optical path in the cavity is 2c<100 mm, so the long axis c of the ellipsoid cavity is equal to 30 mm, and the short axis a=b=20 mm. The inner diameter of the quartz glass lens is 18 mm, and it is equipped with a sealing gasket. Calculated, the volume of the inner cavity of the sphere is 50 ml. Experiments found that the particulate matter in the environmental sample gas affects chemiluminescence, so a particle filter device is added to the sampling port. The ambient sample gas is filtered through a sampling port with a particle filter device to filter out particulate matter, and the flow of the sample gas is controlled by a flow meter, and then enters the ambient sample gas input pipeline. The diameter of the ambient sample gas input pipeline is 0.20mm--1.2mm, 0.6mm is selected, the distance from the focus is 6mm, and the flow rate is 1ml/min; the diameter of the standard gas input pipeline is 3mm--12mm, and the distance is 6mm. Focus 0.6mm, flow 10ml/min. At a suitable temperature of 50 degrees Celsius, inside the ellipsoid reaction chamber, the ambient sample gas input pipe is thin Ø=0.6 mm, and the outlet end is 6 mm away from the focus; the standard gas input pipe is thick Ø=6 mm, and the outlet end is 0.6 mm away from the focus. The two gases are set opposite to each other along the radius passing through the focus. The intersection point of the two gases is near the focus, and the NO gas wraps the O3 gas; NO reacts with O3 to generate excited NO2* molecules, but the NO2* molecules cannot exist stably, and will rapidly decay to the ground state. NO2, the time is less than 1 nanosecond, and radiates fluorescence with a central wavelength of 1200 nm, its spectral range is 600-3000 nm, and the luminous point is near the focus; the exhaust pipe is perpendicular to the ambient sample gas input pipe and the standard gas input pipe. , the exhaust pipe points to the focal point, the two gases are discharged from the exhaust pipe after the intersection, and the gas luminous band is also on the focal plane of the left ellipsoid; by adjusting the distance between the ambient sample gas input pipe and the standard gas input pipe, and Adjust the flow rate to ensure that the center of the NO gas injected by the O3 gas, all the O3 gas emits light, reflects through the ellipsoid cavity, passes through the quartz glass lens, and all the light reaches the photomultiplier tube, where it is converted into a voltage signal. %. The voltage signal strength is proportional to the optical signal strength. The voltage signal goes through linear amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, and enters the MCU minimum system. MCU minimum system output O3 gas concentration. Experimental test, the detected concentration of O3 gas is 0.01-0.05ppb. The detection limit is an order of magnitude higher than that of the spherical reaction chamber.
本发明的有益之处是,椭球发光室安装在恒温室内部,利用椭球内部全反射光学特征和恒温室温度恒温特点,保持化学发光的最佳温度,控制环境样气输入管道、标气输入管道的流量计,保证O3气体与NO气体混合的中心在椭球内腔的左焦点;所有焦平面发光在铸铝椭球内腔反射,集中到椭球内腔右焦点、穿过椭球中间石英玻璃透镜集中到另一焦点的光电倍增管窗口上,提高了臭氧检出限,光利用率超过90%。设置可拆卸恒温室,方便定期检查维修椭球腔体,擦洗石英玻璃透镜。 The advantages of the present invention are that the ellipsoid light-emitting chamber is installed inside the constant temperature chamber, and the optimal temperature of chemiluminescence is maintained by utilizing the optical characteristics of total reflection inside the ellipsoid and the temperature and constant temperature characteristics of the constant temperature chamber, and the environmental sample gas input pipeline, the standard gas are controlled. The flowmeter of the input pipeline ensures that the center of the mixture of O3 gas and NO gas is at the left focus of the ellipsoid cavity; all focal plane light is reflected in the cast aluminum ellipsoid cavity, concentrated to the right focus of the ellipsoid cavity, and passes through the ellipsoid. The middle quartz glass lens is concentrated on the photomultiplier tube window of the other focus, which improves the detection limit of ozone, and the light utilization rate exceeds 90%. A detachable constant temperature chamber is set up to facilitate regular inspection and maintenance of the ellipsoid cavity and cleaning of the quartz glass lens.
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CN213181256U (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-05-11 | 山西鑫华翔科技发展有限公司 | Detachable ellipsoidal reaction chamber for chemiluminescence |
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US5393980A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1995-02-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Quality monitor and monitoring technique employing optically stimulated electron emmission |
CN213181256U (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-05-11 | 山西鑫华翔科技发展有限公司 | Detachable ellipsoidal reaction chamber for chemiluminescence |
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