CN114720289A - Deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device and test method - Google Patents

Deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device and test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114720289A
CN114720289A CN202210332502.9A CN202210332502A CN114720289A CN 114720289 A CN114720289 A CN 114720289A CN 202210332502 A CN202210332502 A CN 202210332502A CN 114720289 A CN114720289 A CN 114720289A
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rubber bag
loading device
model
tunnel lining
tunnel
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吕茂淋
朱珍德
张聪
朱端
朱姝
戴伦
王麓翔
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12—Pressure testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003—Steady
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019—Compressive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means

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Abstract

The invention relates to a loading device and a testing method for a simulation test section of a deep-buried tunnel, wherein the loading device comprises a model box and a hydraulic loading device, the model box is integrally of a square structure, a through cylindrical cavity is formed in the center of the model box, and the center of the cylindrical cavity is superposed with the center of a model box body; the tunnel lining model is arranged in the cylindrical cavity, and a hydraulic loading device is arranged between the wall of the cylindrical cavity and the tunnel lining model; the hydraulic loading device is communicated with hydraulic equipment positioned outside the model box, and the hydraulic equipment and the hydraulic loading device are simultaneously communicated with the control system; the invention can realize that the applied surrounding rock pressure is loaded on the model lining in a complete contact mode, and truly reflects the stress deformation condition under the interaction of the surrounding rock and the lining.

Description

Deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device and test method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a load loading device and a load loading method for a simulation test section of a deep-buried tunnel, and belongs to the technical field of simulation experiment equipment for tunnel lining indoor models.
Background
The deep-buried tunnel is an engineering object which is mainly concerned by the geotechnical field, and as the geological condition in the deep-buried tunnel is complex, the tunnel lining is also complex under the pressure action of surrounding rocks. The research on the stress and deformation of the lining under the complex confining pressure usually adopts an indoor model test, and along with the continuous deepening of the research of the indoor model test, the problems related to a plurality of deeply buried tunnels are solved through the test.
At present, equipment mainly adopted in an indoor model test is a model test loading device, most of loading modes of lining are directly acted on the local part of the lining by adopting loads (such as jacks), and the complete contact between surrounding rocks and the lining is neglected, so that the obtained test data has limited goodness of fit with the real situation, and the research on the model test loading device which can enable the surrounding rocks to be in complete contact with the lining is very urgent. In order to better develop the tunnel technology, the accuracy of the reaction of the test data in the indoor model test to the real situation needs to be continuously improved, so that the reference value of the indoor model test is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a load loading device and a load loading method for a simulation test section of a deep-buried tunnel, which can realize that applied surrounding rock pressure is loaded on a model lining in a complete contact mode and truly reflect the stress deformation condition under the interaction of surrounding rock and the lining.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a load loading device for a simulation test section of a deep-buried tunnel comprises a model box and a hydraulic loading device, wherein the model box is of a square structure as a whole, a through cylindrical cavity is formed in the center of the model box, and the center of the cylindrical cavity is superposed with the center of a model box body;
the tunnel lining model is arranged in the cylindrical cavity, and a hydraulic loading device is arranged between the wall of the cylindrical cavity and the tunnel lining model;
the hydraulic loading device is communicated with hydraulic equipment positioned outside the model box, and the hydraulic equipment and the hydraulic loading device are simultaneously communicated with the control system;
the hydraulic loading device applies pressure to the tunnel lining model through filling liquid;
as a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the hydraulic loading device includes a rubber bladder and an internal frame, the rubber bladder is in a circular cylindrical shape, and the inside of the rubber bladder is a closed hollow space for filling liquid;
an internal frame is arranged in the rubber bag, and the rubber bag supported and molded by the internal frame is matched with an inner cavity of a cylindrical cavity at the central position of the model box;
the communicating pipes are symmetrically embedded in the bag wall of the rubber bag, and the two communicating pipes simultaneously extend out of the model box and are communicated with hydraulic equipment through liquid conveying pipes;
as a further preferred aspect of the present invention, a plurality of waterproof pressure sensors are installed on the inner cavity wall of the rubber bladder, a wire communicating tube is pre-embedded on the bladder wall of the rubber bladder, and the plurality of waterproof pressure sensors are connected with an external control system through wires penetrating the wire communicating tube;
installing a stress meter and a strain gauge on the inner surface of the tunnel lining model, wherein the stress meter and the strain gauge are connected with an external control system through a lead wire;
the lead communicating pipe is adjacent to the communicating pipe positioned above;
as a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the inner frame is disposed in a cylindrical structure, and includes a plurality of annular members and a plurality of transverse members, the plurality of annular members are coaxially and sequentially stacked, and a space is provided between adjacent annular members in an axial direction;
welding a plurality of transverse members along the axial direction of the inner frame, and fixing and molding a plurality of annular members, wherein the intervals of the adjacent transverse members in the radial direction of the inner frame are the same;
as a further preference of the present invention, when the inner frame is laid within the rubber bladder, the cross member is bonded to the bladder wall of the rubber bladder;
as a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the annular member is provided with a joint structure, the annular member is a hollow annular structure, the annular member is not closed, and the annular member is connected in the annular structure not closed by the joint structure;
as a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the mold box is of a metal structure, the top and the side wall of the metal structure are respectively provided with a small hole, wherein the top is provided with two small holes, the side wall is provided with a small hole, the two small holes at the top are respectively matched with a communicating pipe and a conducting wire communicating pipe which are adjacently arranged on the rubber bag, the small hole at the side wall is matched with another communicating pipe arranged on the rubber bag, namely, the two small holes at the top are respectively penetrated through the communicating pipe and the conducting wire communicating pipe, and the small hole at the side wall is penetrated through the other communicating pipe;
as a further preference of the invention, the position where the communicating pipe or the wire communicating pipe is arranged on the rubber bag in a penetrating way is connected with the small hole of the matching model box through a waterproof joint pipe;
the outer layer of the wire is wrapped with a waterproof material, and the wire wrapped with the waterproof material and the position where the rubber bag is penetrated are wrapped with a rubber rod and then embedded into the communicating pipe;
a test method based on the deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: calculating the rigidity of the rubber bag required by the test according to a similar theory, preparing the rubber bag with matched rigidity, stretching the annular member to the size required by the test to form an internal frame, embedding the internal frame into the rubber bag for supporting, installing a tunnel lining model in a circular column of the rubber bag, aligning the circumferential side edge of the tunnel lining model with the circumferential side edge of the rubber bag, and ensuring that the bag surface of the rubber bag is tightly attached to the molded surface of the tunnel lining model;
step S2: starting a control system and hydraulic equipment, conveying liquid into the rubber bag through the liquid conveying pipe to the two communicating pipes, and continuously expanding the rubber bag under the liquid pressure to generate pressure on the surface of the tunnel lining model so as to apply load;
step S3: the waterproof pressure sensors monitor the load applied to the surface of the tunnel lining model by the rubber bags in real time and transmit monitoring information to the control system;
step S4: during the test, a plurality of groups of loads are set, and the control system controls the hydraulic equipment to adjust the hydraulic pressure, so that the set plurality of groups of loads are matched;
step S5: after each group of required loads are applied to the tunnel lining model, a stress meter and a strain gauge on the inner surface of the tunnel lining model record the stress and deformation conditions of the tunnel lining model in real time, and the stress and deformation conditions are analyzed after being transmitted to a control system;
as a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the stiffness of the rubber bladder is selected according to the stiffness of the tunnel lining prototype and the surrounding rock combined with the stiffness of the model tunnel lining, and based on the similar theoretical calculation formula as
Figure BDA0003573556560000031
In the formula (1), EcpModulus of elasticity for the prototype tunnel lining, EwpElastic modulus of the surrounding rock of the prototype tunnel, EcmModulus of elasticity for tunnel lining forms, ErmIs the elastic modulus of the rubber bladder, AcpIs the cross-sectional area of the prototype tunnel lining, AwpIs the cross-sectional area of the surrounding rock of the prototype tunnel, AcmIs the cross-sectional area of the tunnel lining pattern, ArmIs the cross-sectional area of the rubber bladder.
Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the load loading device for the simulation test section of the deep-buried tunnel provided by the invention fully considers the interaction between surrounding rocks and a lining in an actual tunnel, and the situation that the confining pressure of the surrounding rocks acts on the lining in an actual working condition is simulated through the rubber bag and the tunnel lining model, so that the real condition of the stress of the lining is better met;
2. the method takes a similar theory as a calculation basis, determines the rigidity of the rubber bag in different states, and obtains the rubber bag model which accords with the rigidity of the actual working condition, thereby more accurately and really simulating the interaction condition of the surrounding rock and the lining and the stress condition of the lining;
3. the load loading device for the simulation test section of the deep-buried tunnel, provided by the invention, has the advantages of strong feasibility, simplicity and convenience in operation and better applicability, can provide more accurate and reliable test data, and effectively improves the referential property of a tunnel lining indoor model test.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the structure taken along line A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the structure at B-B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal frame structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a ring member provided by the present invention.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1, 2, 3, 4, an internal framework, 5, 6, 7, a waterproof pressure sensor, 8, a hydraulic device, 9, a control system, 10, a liquid conveying pipe, 11, a transverse member, 12, an annular member and 13, wherein the model box is used as a model box, the tunnel lining model is used as a tunnel lining model, the rubber bag is used as a rubber bag, the internal framework is used as a rubber bag, the communicating pipe is used as a communicating pipe, the wire is used as a wire, the waterproof pressure sensor is used as a wire, the hydraulic device is used as a hydraulic device, the control system is used as a control system, the liquid conveying pipe is used as a liquid conveying pipe, the transverse member is used as a transverse member, and the annular member is used as an annular member and the wire communicating pipe is used as a wire.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and that "first", "second", etc., do not represent an important degree of the component parts, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions used in the present example are only for illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
As set forth in the background art, in the existing indoor simulation test, the interaction between the surrounding rock and the lining is often ignored, and particularly, the load applied to the lining part by the surrounding rock causes the difference between the data obtained by the test and the actual situation, so that the application aims to provide a load loading device for the simulation test section of the deeply buried tunnel, which can truly reflect the actual situation, thereby improving the reference value of the indoor model test.
The integral structure provided by the application is shown in figure 1, and comprises a model box 1 and a hydraulic loading device, wherein the model box is integrally of a square structure, a through cylindrical cavity is formed in the center of the model box, and the center of the cylindrical cavity is superposed with the center of a model box body; the cylindrical cavity can be matched with the shape of an actual tunnel, the tunnel lining model 2 is arranged in the cylindrical cavity, a hydraulic loading device is arranged between the wall of the cylindrical cavity and the tunnel lining model, the hydraulic loading device is used for simulating surrounding rocks, and the actual working condition can be relatively approached. The hydraulic loading device applies loads to the tunnel lining model, and because loads with different sizes need to be applied, the hydraulic loading device is communicated with hydraulic equipment 8 positioned outside the model box, the application of different pressures can be realized only by regulating and controlling the hydraulic equipment, the control of the hydraulic equipment is realized by sending commands through a control system 9, and the control system is a computer system as shown in figure 1.
One outstanding innovation point in this application lies in hydraulic loading device exert pressure through filling liquid to tunnel lining model, choose liquid for use here and do not adopt gas because liquid is difficult to be compressed, and density basically maintains unchangeably, and is more stable at the in-process that exerts pressure to tunnel lining model, and gas is compressed very easily, and density changes, leads to the process of exerting pressure unstably.
The specific hydraulic loading device is shown in fig. 2 and comprises a rubber bag 3 and an internal frame 4, wherein the rubber bag is in a circular cylindrical shape, and a closed hollow space is formed inside the rubber bag and is used for filling liquid; before filling liquid into the rubber bag, the framework of the rubber bag needs to be maintained, so that an internal frame is arranged in the rubber bag, and the rubber bag supported and formed by the internal frame is matched with the inner cavity of the cylindrical cavity at the central position of the model box; in the preferred embodiment provided by the present application, the structure of the internal frame is as shown in fig. 4, and is a cylindrical structure, and includes a plurality of annular members 12 and a plurality of transverse members 11, the plurality of annular members are coaxially and sequentially stacked, and a space is formed between adjacent annular members in the axial direction; and welding a plurality of transverse members along the axial direction of the inner frame, and fixing and molding a plurality of annular members, wherein the distance between every two adjacent transverse members in the radial direction of the inner frame is the same. When the internal frame is arranged in the rubber bag, the cross member is glued with the bag wall of the rubber bag.
Here, since different inner frames need to be matched for different rubber bags, in order to reduce the production cost, the ring member needs to be provided to be retractable, as shown in fig. 5, the ring member is provided with a joint structure, the ring member is a ring structure with a hollow inner part, the ring is not closed, and the ring structure is connected through the joint structure in the ring structure without the closed end. Of course, fig. 5 is only one preferred example provided by the present application, and the ends of the ring members may be directly connected by a connection pipe having both ends provided with threads.
The communicating pipes 5 are symmetrically embedded in the wall of the rubber bag, the two communicating pipes extend out of the model box simultaneously and are communicated with hydraulic equipment through the liquid conveying pipe 10, the hydraulic equipment is started, and liquid can be input and output into and out of the rubber bag through the liquid conveying pipe. Certainly, in order to better realize the input and output of the liquid, a pressure difference needs to be formed in the rubber bag to facilitate the output of the liquid, so that the view angle of fig. 2 can find that the two communicating pipes are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the rubber bag and are symmetrically arranged.
As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of waterproof pressure sensors 7 are installed on the inner cavity wall of the rubber bag, a wire 6 communicating pipe is embedded in the bag wall of the rubber bag, and the plurality of waterproof pressure sensors are connected with an external control system through wires penetrating through a wire communicating pipe 13; installing a stress meter and a strain gauge on the inner surface of the tunnel lining model, wherein the stress meter and the strain gauge are also connected with an external control system through a lead; the lead communicating pipe is adjacent to the communicating pipe positioned above. The waterproof pressure sensor, the stress meter and the strain gauge are arranged to monitor the stress condition of the rubber bag and the tunnel lining model in real time conveniently.
In a preferred embodiment, the mold box is a metal structure with outermost dimensions of 1000mm x 1000mm, a pore radius of 200mm, a cylindrical cavity radius of 350mm and a length of 800 mm. The top and the side wall of the metal structure are respectively provided with a small hole, wherein the top is provided with two small holes, the side wall is provided with a small hole, the two small holes at the top are respectively matched with a communicating pipe and a conducting wire communicating pipe which are adjacently arranged on the rubber bag, the small hole at the side wall is matched with another communicating pipe arranged on the rubber bag, namely, the two small holes at the top are respectively penetrated through the communicating pipe and the conducting wire communicating pipe, and the small hole at the side wall is penetrated through another communicating pipe. The outer diameter of the communicating pipe is 20mm, and the thickness of the communicating pipe is 3 mm. The outermost shape of rubber bag in this application is the same with the profile of the cylindrical cavity of mold box, therefore rubber bag thickness adopts 10mm, and outermost cross-section radius is 350mm, and rubber bag inlayer surface and lining cutting surface in close contact with, and inlayer cross-section radius is 200 mm.
In order to ensure the tightness of each part and prevent water seepage at seams, the positions where the communicating pipes or the lead communicating pipes penetrate through the rubber bag are connected with the small holes of the matching model box through waterproof joint pipes; the outer layer of the wire is wrapped with a waterproof material, and the wire wrapped with the waterproof material and the position where the rubber bag is penetrated are wrapped with the rubber rod and then are embedded into the communicating pipe.
Finally, the application also provides a test method based on the deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: calculating the rigidity of the rubber bag required by the test according to a similar theory, preparing the rubber bag with matched rigidity, stretching the annular member to the size required by the test to form an internal frame, embedding the internal frame into the rubber bag for supporting, installing a tunnel lining model in a circular column of the rubber bag, aligning the circumferential side edge of the tunnel lining model with the circumferential side edge of the rubber bag, and ensuring that the bag surface of the rubber bag is tightly attached to the molded surface of the tunnel lining model;
when the tunnel lining model is installed in the rubber bag, the telescopic part of the annular member is fully stretched from the initial size to the inner diameter of the rubber bag which is larger than the outer diameter of the tunnel lining model, so that the tunnel lining model is more conveniently installed in the rubber bag, and after the tunnel lining model is installed, the telescopic part of the annular member is contracted to the initial position, so that the surface of the rubber bag is tightly attached to the outer surface of the tunnel lining model;
step S2: starting a control system and hydraulic equipment, conveying liquid into the rubber bag through the liquid conveying pipe to the two communicating pipes, and continuously expanding the rubber bag under the liquid pressure to generate pressure on the surface of the tunnel lining model so as to apply load;
step S3: the waterproof pressure sensors monitor the load applied to the surface of the tunnel lining model by the rubber bags in real time and transmit monitoring information to the control system;
step S4: during testing, a plurality of groups of loads are set, and the control system controls the hydraulic equipment to adjust the hydraulic pressure, so that the set loads are matched;
step S5: and after each group of required load is applied to the tunnel lining model, the stress meter and the strain gauge on the inner surface of the tunnel lining model record the stress and deformation conditions of the tunnel lining model in real time, and the stress and deformation conditions are analyzed after being transmitted to the control system.
In step S1, the rigidity of the rubber bag is selected according to the rigidity of the tunnel lining prototype and the surrounding rock combined with the rigidity of the model tunnel lining, and the calculation formula based on the similarity theory is as follows
Figure BDA0003573556560000061
In the formula (1), EcpModulus of elasticity for the prototype tunnel lining, EwpElastic modulus of the surrounding rock of the prototype tunnel, EcmModulus of elasticity for tunnel lining forms, ErmIs the elastic modulus of the rubber bladder, AcpIs the cross-sectional area of the prototype tunnel lining, AwpIs the cross-sectional area of the surrounding rock of the prototype tunnel, AcmIs the cross-sectional area of the tunnel lining pattern, ArmIs the cross-sectional area of the rubber bladder; wherein, before the calculation of the similarity theory, the tensile rigidity E of the prototype tunnel lining needs to be calculated respectivelycpAcpAnd tensile stiffness E of the surrounding rockwpAwpAnd tensile stiffness E of the tunnel lining modelcmAcm。
In conclusion, the test device provided by the application can realize that applied surrounding rock pressure is loaded in the tunnel model lining in a complete contact mode, has strong feasibility, and has the characteristics of simple structure, economy, high efficiency and the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The meaning of "and/or" as used herein is intended to include both the individual components or both.
The term "connected" as used herein may mean either a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components via other components.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a tunnel analogue test section load loading device buries deeply which characterized in that: the hydraulic loading device comprises a model box (1) and a hydraulic loading device, wherein the whole model box (1) is of a square structure, a through cylindrical cavity is formed in the center of the model box (1), and the center of the cylindrical cavity is superposed with the center of the model box (1);
the tunnel lining model (2) is arranged in the cylindrical cavity, and a hydraulic loading device is arranged between the wall of the cylindrical cavity and the tunnel lining model (2);
the hydraulic loading device is communicated with a hydraulic device (8) positioned outside the model box (1), and the hydraulic device (8) and the hydraulic loading device are simultaneously communicated with a control system (9);
wherein the hydraulic loading device applies pressure to the tunnel lining model (2) by filling liquid.
2. The deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic loading device comprises a rubber bag (3) and an internal frame (4), wherein the rubber bag (3) is in a circular cylindrical shape, and a closed hollow space is formed in the rubber bag and used for filling liquid;
an internal frame (4) is arranged in the rubber bag (3), and the rubber bag (3) which is supported and molded by the internal frame (4) is matched with the cylindrical cavity inner cavity at the central position of the model box (1);
the communicating pipes (5) are symmetrically embedded in the wall of the rubber bag (3), and the two communicating pipes (5) extend out of the model box (1) at the same time and are communicated with the hydraulic equipment (8) through the liquid conveying pipe (10).
3. The deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: a plurality of waterproof pressure sensors (7) are installed on the inner cavity wall of the rubber bag (3), a wire communicating pipe (13) is embedded in the bag wall of the rubber bag (3), and the waterproof pressure sensors (7) are connected with an external control system (9) through wires (6) penetrating through the wire communicating pipe (13);
installing a stress meter and a strain gauge on the inner surface of the tunnel lining model (2), wherein the stress meter and the strain gauge are also connected with an external control system (9) through a lead (6);
the lead communicating pipe (13) is adjacent to the communicating pipe (5) positioned above.
4. The deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inner frame (4) is arranged in a cylindrical structure and comprises a plurality of annular components (12) and a plurality of transverse components (11), the annular components (12) are coaxially and sequentially stacked, and a space is reserved between every two adjacent annular components (12) in the axial direction;
a plurality of transverse members (11) are welded along the axial direction of the inner frame (4), a plurality of annular members (12) are fixedly molded, and the distance between every two adjacent transverse members (11) in the radial direction of the inner frame (4) is the same.
5. The deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: when the internal frame (4) is arranged in the rubber bag (3), the cross member (11) is glued with the bag wall of the rubber bag (3).
6. The deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the annular member (12) is provided with a joint structure, the annular member (12) is of a circular ring structure with a hollow inner part, the circular ring of the annular member (12) is not closed, and the annular member and the circular ring structure are connected through the joint structure.
7. The deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device of claim 3, characterized in that: model case (1) is metallic structure, offers the aperture respectively at metallic structure's top and lateral wall, and wherein two apertures are offered at the top, and a aperture is offered to the lateral wall, and two apertures at top match respectively lie in communicating pipe (5), wire communicating pipe (13) of adjacent setting on rubber bag (3), and another communicating pipe (5) that set up on the aperture matching rubber bag (3) of lateral wall, and communicating pipe (5) and wire communicating pipe (13) are worn to establish respectively to two apertures at top promptly, and another communicating pipe (5) are worn to establish to the aperture of lateral wall.
8. The deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device of claim 7, characterized in that: the position of the rubber bag (3) where the communicating pipe (5) or the wire communicating pipe (13) is arranged in a penetrating way is connected with the small hole of the matching model box (1) through a waterproof joint pipe;
the outer layer of the wire (6) is wrapped with waterproof material, and the wire (6) wrapped with the waterproof material and the position where the rubber bag (3) is penetrated are wrapped with the rubber rod and then are embedded into the communicating pipe (5).
9. A test method based on the deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device of claim 3 or 6 is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: calculating the rigidity of the rubber bag (3) required by the test according to a similar theory, preparing the rubber bag (3) with matched rigidity, stretching an annular member (12) to the size required by the test to form an internal frame (4), embedding the internal frame (4) into the rubber bag (3) for supporting, installing a tunnel lining model (2) in a circular column of the rubber bag (3), aligning the circumferential side edge of the tunnel lining model (2) with the circumferential side edge of the rubber bag (3), and ensuring that the bag surface of the rubber bag (3) is tightly attached to the surface of the tunnel lining model (2);
step S2: starting a control system (9) and a hydraulic device (8), conveying liquid into the rubber bag (3) through a liquid conveying pipe (10) to the two communicating pipes (5), and continuously expanding the rubber bag (3) under the liquid pressure to generate pressure on the surface of the tunnel lining model (2) so as to apply load;
step S3: the waterproof pressure sensors (7) monitor the load applied to the surface of the tunnel lining model (2) by the rubber bags (3) in real time and transmit monitoring information to the control system (9);
step S4: during the test, a plurality of groups of loads are set, and the control system (9) controls the hydraulic equipment (8) to adjust the hydraulic pressure, so that the sizes of the plurality of groups of loads are matched;
step S5: and when each group of required load is applied to the tunnel lining model (2), the stress meter and the strain gauge on the inner surface of the tunnel lining model (2) record the stress and deformation conditions of the tunnel lining model (2) in real time, and the stress and deformation conditions are analyzed after being transmitted to the control system (9).
10. The test method of the deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device according to claim 9, characterized in that: in step S1, the rigidity of the rubber bag (3) is selected according to the rigidity of the tunnel lining prototype and the surrounding rock combined with the rigidity of the model tunnel lining, and the similar theoretical calculation formula is based on
Figure FDA0003573556550000031
In the formula (1), EcpModulus of elasticity for the prototype tunnel lining, EwpElastic modulus of the surrounding rock of the prototype tunnel, EcmAs modulus of elasticity of the tunnel lining form (2), ErmIs the elastic modulus, A, of the rubber bladder (3)cpIs the cross-sectional area of the prototype tunnel lining, AwpIs the cross-sectional area of the surrounding rock of the prototype tunnel, AcmIs the cross-sectional area of the tunnel lining pattern (2), ArmIs the cross-sectional area of the rubber bag (3).
CN202210332502.9A 2022-03-30 2022-03-30 Deep-buried tunnel simulation test section load loading device and test method Pending CN114720289A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116046552A (en) * 2023-01-19 2023-05-02 东北大学 Three-dimensional loading structure of ultra-large deep engineering disaster physical simulation facility

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116046552A (en) * 2023-01-19 2023-05-02 东北大学 Three-dimensional loading structure of ultra-large deep engineering disaster physical simulation facility
CN116046552B (en) * 2023-01-19 2024-04-09 东北大学 Three-dimensional loading structure of ultra-large deep engineering disaster physical simulation facility

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