CN114717641A - Runner surface aftertreatment device in laser powder bed melting forming piece - Google Patents

Runner surface aftertreatment device in laser powder bed melting forming piece Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114717641A
CN114717641A CN202210639058.5A CN202210639058A CN114717641A CN 114717641 A CN114717641 A CN 114717641A CN 202210639058 A CN202210639058 A CN 202210639058A CN 114717641 A CN114717641 A CN 114717641A
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workpiece
polishing
flow channel
processed
powder bed
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卢秉恒
陈祯
张超
王磊
胡永刚
李惠
邹亚桐
姚森
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Xian Jiaotong University
National Institute Corp of Additive Manufacturing Xian
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Xian Jiaotong University
National Institute Corp of Additive Manufacturing Xian
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25FPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F3/00Electrolytic etching or polishing
    • C25F3/16Polishing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/80Plants, production lines or modules
    • B22F12/88Handling of additively manufactured products, e.g. by robots
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/20Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25FPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F7/00Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a post-treatment device for the surface of an inner runner of a laser powder bed fused forming piece, a workpiece to be treated is horizontally fixed by a clamp, a linear motion mechanism is arranged at one end of one side of the clamp, which is positioned at the workpiece to be treated, the other end of the clamp, which is positioned at the other end of the workpiece to be treated, is provided with a peristaltic pumping system, a bidirectional liquid conveying pipe and a wire electrode are adopted, polishing liquid conveyed by the liquid conveying pipe acts on the surface of the wire electrode, point discharge occurs at microscopic and macroscopic bulges of the workpiece, thereby achieving the treatment of the smoothness of the inner surface of the workpiece, the area of the pipe capable of being polished is greatly reduced by adopting the bidirectional structure arrangement, a polishing passage is provided for the inner runner to be processed by utilizing the polishing liquid, a polishing passage is provided for the workpiece with the cooling liquid, the polishing of the workpieces with different lengths of the inner runner to be processed can be realized, the wire electrode passes through the inner runner of the workpiece to be processed, only the inner surface of the inner flow channel of the workpiece participates in the reaction, the outer surface of the workpiece is not contacted with the polishing solution, and the structure is simple.

Description

一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置A post-processing device for the surface of the inner flow channel of a laser powder bed fusion forming part

技术领域technical field

本发明属于工件后处理技术领域,具体涉及一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of post-processing of workpieces, and in particular relates to a post-processing device for the surface of the inner flow channel of a laser powder bed fusion forming part.

背景技术Background technique

随着工业的发展,对金属制品表面的粗糙度要求越来越高。应用抛光技术不仅可以提升产品的外观,还能够改善材料表面的耐腐蚀性、耐磨性,因此选择合适的抛光方法和抛光工艺是提高产品质量的重要手段。目前国内外常用的抛光方法有:机械抛光、化学抛光、电解抛光、超声波抛光、磁研磨抛光等。但是以上几种抛光方法中的一些不但常常要依靠抛光工人的手工劳动,抛光过程中产生的金属粉末还会严重影响抛光工人的身体健康,针对有图案的表面及复杂外形的工件很难达到所希望的高品质,而且加工效率低,产品的精度和一致性差;还有些抛光方法要使用一定浓度的酸或碱,它们中有一些是对环境有污染的化学物品,同时抛光过程中产生的废液难于处理,抛光成本较高,成效有限。With the development of industry, the requirements for the surface roughness of metal products are getting higher and higher. The application of polishing technology can not only improve the appearance of the product, but also improve the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the material surface. Therefore, choosing the appropriate polishing method and polishing process is an important means to improve the quality of the product. At present, the commonly used polishing methods at home and abroad are: mechanical polishing, chemical polishing, electrolytic polishing, ultrasonic polishing, magnetic polishing and so on. However, some of the above polishing methods not only rely on the manual labor of the polishing workers, but also the metal powder produced during the polishing process will seriously affect the health of the polishing workers. The desired high quality, but the processing efficiency is low, and the precision and consistency of the product are poor; there are also some polishing methods that use a certain concentration of acid or alkali, some of which are chemicals that pollute the environment, and waste generated during the polishing process. The liquid is difficult to handle, the polishing cost is high, and the effect is limited.

等离子体技术作为一个学科交叉的前沿研究领域,在材料、能源、天文、化工、生物工程等方面具有广泛的应用,在并不算长的发展历程中已经在化学合成、新材料研制、精细化学加工、表面处理等领域开拓出一系列新技术和新工艺。传统的等离子体抛光技术在真空、低压或者常压下激发产生等离子体,利用等离子体中的活性粒子与表面材料粒子发生化学反应,生成挥发性物质,将表面材料去除,主要应用于光学元件的加工,处理对象绝大多数为半导体材料。As an interdisciplinary frontier research field, plasma technology has a wide range of applications in materials, energy, astronomy, chemical engineering, bioengineering, etc. A series of new technologies and new processes have been developed in the fields of processing and surface treatment. The traditional plasma polishing technology excites the plasma under vacuum, low pressure or normal pressure, and uses the active particles in the plasma to chemically react with the surface material particles to generate volatile substances and remove the surface material. It is mainly used in optical components. Most of the processing objects are semiconductor materials.

目前,电解质等离子加工技术对内孔抛光也有少量研究,据申请号CN107557853A名称为《小孔抛光装置及加工方法》的发明专利,利用电解质等离子抛光解决了内孔的抛光问题,但抛光的内孔直径较大,《小孔抛光装置及加工方法》中管径的抛光范围为DN20mm-DN50mm;在管口固定处结构复杂,需要绝缘卡具进行固定处理,且内部阴极导电管无绝缘处理,当处理内孔尺寸较小的细管时,易发生短路现象。例如处理孔径小于5mm时,500mm除去金属工件和导电金属管的绝缘距离,导电金属管的尺寸远小于5mm,此时根据导电金属管的尺寸(预计为1mm,否则阴极与阳极之间的距离较小,将会直接发生放电,从而击穿细管),因此不能用于直径小于5mm的内流道抛光。这两个内孔抛光设备抛光的管道均需竖直固定于设备挂架上,抛光时金属工件和电极丝均需直接浸入抛光液中,因此对抛光的内流道细管长度也有一定限制。不适用于细小孔径、长度大的内流道抛光。At present, there is also a small amount of research on inner hole polishing by electrolyte plasma processing technology. According to the invention patent with the application number CN107557853A titled "Small hole polishing device and processing method", the problem of inner hole polishing is solved by electrolyte plasma polishing, but the polished inner hole The diameter is larger, and the polishing range of the pipe diameter in "Small Hole Polishing Device and Processing Method" is DN20mm-DN50mm; the structure of the fixed part of the nozzle is complex, and it needs to be fixed by an insulating clamp, and the internal cathode conducting tube has no insulation treatment. When dealing with thin tubes with small inner hole size, short circuit phenomenon is easy to occur. For example, when the processing aperture is less than 5mm, the insulation distance between the metal workpiece and the conductive metal tube is removed by 500mm, and the size of the conductive metal tube is much less than 5mm. If it is small, the discharge will directly occur, thereby breaking down the thin tube), so it cannot be used for inner flow channel polishing with a diameter of less than 5mm. The pipes polished by these two inner hole polishing equipments need to be vertically fixed on the equipment hanger. During polishing, the metal workpiece and the electrode wire need to be directly immersed in the polishing solution, so there are certain restrictions on the length of the inner flow channel thin pipe for polishing. It is not suitable for polishing the inner flow channel with small hole diameter and large length.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于提供一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,以克服现有技术的不足。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a post-processing device for the surface of the inner flow channel of a laser powder bed fusion forming part, so as to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,包括用于固定待处理工件的卡具,通过卡具将待处理工件水平固定,在卡具的一侧位于待处理工件的一端设置有直线运动机构,直线运动机构上固定有电极丝,电极丝能够同轴设置于待处理工件内,卡具的另一侧位于待处理工件的另一端设置有蠕动泵送系统,蠕动泵送系统一端连接有恒温加热箱,蠕动泵送系统的另一端连接有输液管,输液管能够从待处理工件的另一端进入待处理工件内部,待处理工件连接电源正极,电极丝连接电源负极。A post-processing device for the surface of the inner flow channel of a laser powder bed fusion forming part, comprising a fixture for fixing the workpiece to be processed, the workpiece to be processed is fixed horizontally by the fixture, and one side of the fixture is located at one end of the workpiece to be processed. There is a linear motion mechanism, and an electrode wire is fixed on the linear motion mechanism. The electrode wire can be coaxially arranged in the workpiece to be processed. The other side of the fixture is located at the other end of the workpiece to be processed. A peristaltic pumping system is installed. One end is connected with a constant temperature heating box, and the other end of the peristaltic pumping system is connected with an infusion tube. The infusion tube can enter the workpiece to be processed from the other end of the workpiece to be processed. The workpiece to be processed is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the electrode wire is connected to the negative pole of the power supply.

优选的,卡具底部设置有工作台。Preferably, a workbench is provided at the bottom of the fixture.

优选的,直线运动机构底部固定有升降机构。Preferably, a lifting mechanism is fixed at the bottom of the linear motion mechanism.

优选的,卡具、直线运动机构和蠕动泵送系统的外圈设置有防护罩。Preferably, a protective cover is provided on the outer ring of the clamp, the linear motion mechanism and the peristaltic pumping system.

优选的,工作台的底部设有集水槽,集水槽通过输液管路连通至恒温加热箱。Preferably, the bottom of the workbench is provided with a water collecting tank, and the water collecting tank is connected to the constant temperature heating box through the infusion pipeline.

优选的,直线运动机构上固定有多个电极丝。Preferably, a plurality of electrode wires are fixed on the linear motion mechanism.

优选的,蠕动泵送系统的输出端接插有多条输液管。Preferably, the output end of the peristaltic pumping system is plugged with a plurality of infusion tubes.

优选的,工作台上设置有导向架,导向架上设置有多个通孔。Preferably, a guide frame is arranged on the worktable, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the guide frame.

优选的,升降机构采用X型升降机。Preferably, the lifting mechanism adopts an X-type lift.

优选的,卡具与工作台之间设有绝缘层。Preferably, an insulating layer is provided between the fixture and the workbench.

与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益的技术效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

本发明一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,通过卡具将待处理工件水平固定,在卡具的一侧位于待处理工件的一端设置有直线运动机构,直线运动机构上固定有电极丝,电极丝能够同轴设置于待处理工件内,卡具的另一侧位于待处理工件的另一端设置有蠕动泵送系统,蠕动泵送系统一端连接有恒温加热箱,蠕动泵送系统的另一端连接有输液管,输液管能够从待处理工件的另一端进入待处理工件内部,待处理工件连接电源正极,电极丝连接电源负极,采用双向设置的输液管和电极丝,输液管输送的抛光液作用于电极丝表面,通过汽液等离子发生技术在工件表面形成等离子态气体层,在工件的微观和宏观凸起处发生尖端放电,从而达到对工件内表面光洁度的处理,采用双向结构设置,大大减小了可抛光管道的面积,通过电极丝局部抛光,利用抛光液为待加工内流道提供冷却液同时提供抛光通路,可以实现不同长度内流道的工件抛光,将电极丝穿过工件待加工内流道内部,只有工件的内流道内表面参与反应,工件外表面与抛光液不接触,结构简单。The invention is a post-processing device for the surface of the inner flow channel of a laser powder bed melting and forming part. The workpiece to be processed is fixed horizontally by a clamp, and a linear motion mechanism is arranged on one side of the clamp at one end of the workpiece to be treated. An electrode wire is fixed, and the electrode wire can be coaxially arranged in the workpiece to be treated. The other side of the fixture is located at the other end of the workpiece to be treated, and a peristaltic pumping system is installed. One end of the peristaltic pumping system is connected with a constant temperature heating box. The other end of the feeding system is connected with an infusion tube, which can enter the workpiece from the other end of the workpiece to be processed. The workpiece to be processed is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the electrode wire is connected to the negative pole of the power supply. The polishing liquid conveyed by the tube acts on the surface of the electrode wire, and a plasma gas layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece through the vapor-liquid plasma generation technology, and tip discharge occurs at the microscopic and macroscopic protrusions of the workpiece, so as to achieve the treatment of the inner surface finish of the workpiece. The two-way structure greatly reduces the area of the pipeline that can be polished. By partially polishing the electrode wire, the polishing liquid is used to provide cooling liquid for the inner flow channel to be processed and also provide polishing channels, which can realize the polishing of workpieces with inner flow channels of different lengths. The wire passes through the inner flow channel of the workpiece to be processed, only the inner surface of the inner flow channel of the workpiece participates in the reaction, the outer surface of the workpiece does not contact the polishing liquid, and the structure is simple.

优选的,采用升降机构将电极丝进行控制,利用升降机构能够使得电极丝在直线运动的同时,能够上下运动,确保电极丝能够进入复杂的不规则零件内流道,对复杂的内通进行抛光,在不影响零件性能的前提下,对流道结构进行抛光,本发明结合电解质等离子抛光零件内表面进行抛光,大大提高了零件内表面的抛光速度以及实现不规则内表面通道的抛光。Preferably, a lifting mechanism is used to control the electrode wire, and the lifting mechanism can make the electrode wire move up and down while moving in a straight line, so as to ensure that the electrode wire can enter the inner flow channel of complex irregular parts, and polish the complex inner passage. , under the premise of not affecting the performance of the part, the flow channel structure is polished, and the invention combines the electrolyte plasma polishing to polish the inner surface of the part, which greatly improves the polishing speed of the inner surface of the part and realizes the polishing of irregular inner surface channels.

优选的,卡具与工作台之间设有绝缘层,确保在抛光过程中用电安全。Preferably, an insulating layer is provided between the fixture and the worktable to ensure safe electricity consumption during the polishing process.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例中内流道表面后处理装置主视图。FIG. 1 is a front view of an inner flow channel surface post-processing device in an embodiment of the present invention.

图2为本发明实施例中内流道表面后处理装置立体结构图。FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an inner flow channel surface post-processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

图3为本发明实施例中升降机构和直线运动机构安装立体结构图。FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional structural view of the installation of the lifting mechanism and the linear motion mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.

图4为本发明实施例中待处理工件安装放大结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure for installing a workpiece to be processed in an embodiment of the present invention.

图5为本发明实施例中未抛光的零件图。FIG. 5 is a diagram of unpolished parts in the embodiment of the present invention.

图6为本发明实施例中采用本发明装置进行抛光后的零件图。FIG. 6 is a diagram of parts after polishing using the device of the present invention in the embodiment of the present invention.

图中,1、工作台,2、升降机构,3、直线运动机构,4、卡具,5、待处理工件,6、蠕动泵送系统,7、恒温加热箱,8、输液管,9、电极丝,10、输液管路,11、集水槽,12、水泵,13、控制阀,14、绝缘层,15、防护罩,16、导向架。In the figure, 1. Workbench, 2. Lifting mechanism, 3. Linear motion mechanism, 4. Fixture, 5. Workpiece to be processed, 6. Peristaltic pumping system, 7. Constant temperature heating box, 8. Infusion tube, 9. Electrode wire, 10, infusion pipeline, 11, water collecting tank, 12, water pump, 13, control valve, 14, insulating layer, 15, protective cover, 16, guide frame.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only Embodiments are part of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例Example

如图1所示,本发明一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,包括用于固定待处理工件5的卡具4,通过卡具4将待处理工件5水平固定,在卡具4的一侧位于待处理工件5的一端设置有直线运动机构3,直线运动机构3上固定有电极丝9,电极丝9能够同轴设置于待处理工件5内,卡具4的另一侧位于待处理工件5的另一端设置有蠕动泵送系统6,蠕动泵送系统6一端连接有恒温加热箱7,恒温加热箱7用于加热抛光液,蠕动泵送系统6的另一端连接有输液管8,输液管8能够从待处理工件5的另一端进入待处理工件5内部,抛光时,待处理工件5连接电源正极,电极丝9连接电源负极,本发明采用双向设置的输液管8和电极丝9,输液管8输送的抛光液作用于电极丝9表面,通过汽液等离子发生技术在工件表面形成等离子态气体层,在工件的微观和宏观凸起处发生尖端放电,从而达到对工件内表面光洁度的处理,采用双向结构设置,大大减小了可抛光管道的面积,通过电极丝局部抛光,利用抛光液为待加工内流道提供冷却液同时提供抛光通路,可以实现不同长度内流道的工件抛光,将电极丝穿过工件待加工内流道内部,只有工件的内流道内表面参与反应,工件外表面与抛光液不接触,结构简单。As shown in FIG. 1 , a post-processing device for the inner flow channel surface of a laser powder bed fusion forming part of the present invention includes a fixture 4 for fixing the workpiece 5 to be processed, and the workpiece 5 to be processed is horizontally fixed by the fixture 4. One side of the fixture 4 is located at one end of the workpiece 5 to be processed, and a linear motion mechanism 3 is provided. The linear motion mechanism 3 is fixed with an electrode wire 9, and the electrode wire 9 can be coaxially arranged in the workpiece 5 to be processed. One side is positioned at the other end of the workpiece 5 to be processed and is provided with a peristaltic pumping system 6, one end of the peristaltic pumping system 6 is connected with a constant temperature heating box 7, the constant temperature heating box 7 is used for heating polishing liquid, and the other end of the peristaltic pumping system 6 is connected There is an infusion tube 8, and the infusion tube 8 can enter the workpiece 5 to be treated from the other end of the workpiece to be treated. During polishing, the workpiece to be treated 5 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the electrode wire 9 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply. The present invention adopts a bidirectionally arranged infusion tube. 8 and electrode wire 9, the polishing liquid delivered by the infusion tube 8 acts on the surface of the electrode wire 9, and a plasma gas layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece through the vapor-liquid plasma generation technology, and tip discharge occurs at the microscopic and macroscopic protrusions of the workpiece, thereby achieving For the treatment of the inner surface smoothness of the workpiece, the bidirectional structure is adopted, which greatly reduces the area of the pipeline that can be polished. Through local polishing of the electrode wire, the polishing liquid is used to provide the cooling liquid for the inner flow channel to be processed and the polishing passage, which can realize different lengths. The workpiece in the inner flow channel is polished, and the electrode wire is passed through the inner flow channel of the workpiece to be processed. Only the inner surface of the inner flow channel of the workpiece participates in the reaction, and the outer surface of the workpiece is not in contact with the polishing liquid, and the structure is simple.

如图1所示,卡具4固定安装于工作台1上,卡具4与工作台1之间设有绝缘层14,确保在抛光过程中用电安全。As shown in FIG. 1 , the fixture 4 is fixedly installed on the workbench 1 , and an insulating layer 14 is provided between the fixture 4 and the workbench 1 to ensure the safety of electricity use during the polishing process.

直线运动机构3底部固定有升降机构2, 升降机构2固定于工作台1上,用于调整直线运动机构3的运行高度,本发明采用升降机构2将电极丝9进行了柔性化设计,利用升降机构2能够使得电极丝9在直线运动的同时,能够上下运动,确保电极丝9能够进入复杂的不规则零件内流道,对复杂的内通进行抛光,在不影响零件性能的前提下,对流道结构进行抛光,本发明结合电解质等离子抛光零件内表面进行抛光,大大提高了零件内表面的抛光速度以及实现不规则内表面通道的抛光。A lifting mechanism 2 is fixed at the bottom of the linear motion mechanism 3, and the lifting mechanism 2 is fixed on the worktable 1 to adjust the running height of the linear motion mechanism 3. The present invention adopts the lifting mechanism 2 to carry out a flexible design of the electrode wire 9. The mechanism 2 can make the electrode wire 9 move up and down while moving in a straight line, to ensure that the electrode wire 9 can enter the inner flow channel of complex irregular parts, polish the complex inner passage, and convection without affecting the performance of the part. Polishing the inner surface of the part combined with the electrolyte plasma polishing, greatly improves the polishing speed of the inner surface of the part and realizes the polishing of irregular inner surface channels.

如图1所示,本发明采用的升降机构2为X型升降机,目的提供稳定的垂直升降驱动,也可以采用其他能够实现直线升降驱动的结构。As shown in FIG. 1 , the lift mechanism 2 used in the present invention is an X-type lift, which aims to provide stable vertical lift drive, and other structures capable of linear lift drive can also be used.

工作过程中,待处理工件5接电源正极,作为阳极,电极丝9作为阴极穿过工件内流道并对流道表面进行放电,通过汽液等离子发生技术在工件表面形成等离子态气体层,在工件的微观和宏观凸起处发生尖端放电,从而达到对工件内表面光洁度的处理。During the working process, the workpiece 5 to be treated is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, as an anode, and the electrode wire 9 is used as a cathode to pass through the inner flow channel of the workpiece and discharge the surface of the flow channel, and form a plasma gas layer on the surface of the workpiece through the vapor-liquid plasma generation technology. The tip discharge occurs at the micro and macro protrusions of the workpiece, so as to achieve the treatment of the inner surface finish of the workpiece.

本发明采用的抛光液是低浓度中性盐溶液(中性盐溶液可以直接排放),抛光过程中产生的废水只是含有等离子抛去的金属,污染特别小,加工成本低,对于机械抛光无法加工的具有复杂形状的零件,电解质等离子抛光能够获得一致性很好的加工表面。本发明电解质等离子抛光效率能够使工件同一位置平均每分钟粗糙度降低1um(原始粗糙度Ra=5um左右),抛光粗糙度满足:Ra<1um。The polishing liquid used in the present invention is a low-concentration neutral salt solution (the neutral salt solution can be directly discharged), and the waste water generated in the polishing process only contains the metal thrown away by the plasma, the pollution is particularly small, the processing cost is low, and it cannot be processed for mechanical polishing. For parts with complex shapes, electrolytic plasma polishing can obtain a machined surface with good consistency. The electrolyte plasma polishing efficiency of the invention can reduce the average roughness per minute of the same position of the workpiece by 1um (original roughness Ra=about 5um), and the polishing roughness satisfies: Ra<1um.

如图1所示,直线运动机构上固定有多个电极丝,可以同时处理多个流道,大大提高了工件流道表面处理的效率。在直线运动机构的一端固定连接电源负极的电极丝,电极丝不需要卡具进行固定,只需要固定在直线运动机构运动部件的电源负极上,结构简单,利用电极丝表面两段间隔设置的绝缘层之间的电极丝部分与工件待抛光内流道形成抛光通道环境,通过电极丝局部抛光,利用抛光液为待加工内流道提供冷却液同时提供抛光通路,可以实现不同长度内流道的工件抛光,将电极丝穿过工件待加工内流道内部,只有工件的内流道内表面参与反应,工件外表面与抛光液不接触,结构简单。As shown in Figure 1, there are multiple electrode wires fixed on the linear motion mechanism, which can process multiple flow channels at the same time, which greatly improves the efficiency of the surface treatment of the flow channel of the workpiece. The electrode wire connected to the negative electrode of the power supply is fixed at one end of the linear motion mechanism. The electrode wire does not need a clamp for fixing, but only needs to be fixed on the negative electrode of the power supply of the moving part of the linear motion mechanism. The part of the electrode wire between the layers and the inner flow channel of the workpiece to be polished form a polishing channel environment. Through local polishing of the electrode wire, the polishing liquid is used to provide the cooling liquid for the inner flow channel to be processed and the polishing channel, so that the inner flow channels of different lengths can be realized. For workpiece polishing, the electrode wire is passed through the inner flow channel of the workpiece to be processed, only the inner surface of the inner flow channel of the workpiece participates in the reaction, the outer surface of the workpiece does not contact the polishing liquid, and the structure is simple.

如图2所示,卡具4、直线运动机构3和蠕动泵送系统6的外圈设置有防护罩15,防护罩15上设置有移动透明观察窗,在抛光过程中能够进行观察。As shown in FIG. 2 , the outer ring of the fixture 4 , the linear motion mechanism 3 and the peristaltic pumping system 6 is provided with a protective cover 15 , and the protective cover 15 is provided with a movable transparent observation window, which can be observed during the polishing process.

如图3所示,工作台1的底部设有集水槽11,集水槽11通过输液管路10连通至恒温加热箱7,实现抛光液的回收利用;蠕动泵送系统6给每个内流道泵送抛光液,流道内的抛光液因阴阳极放电作用,在工件流道内表面形成等离子态气体层,并对工件内表面的微观和宏观凸起处放电,从而达到对工件表面光洁度的处理。As shown in Figure 3, the bottom of the workbench 1 is provided with a water collecting tank 11, and the water collecting tank 11 is connected to the constant temperature heating box 7 through the infusion pipeline 10 to realize the recycling of the polishing liquid; the peristaltic pumping system 6 supplies each inner flow channel The polishing liquid is pumped, and the polishing liquid in the flow channel forms a plasma gas layer on the inner surface of the workpiece flow channel due to the action of cathodic and anode discharge, and discharges the micro and macro protrusions on the inner surface of the workpiece, so as to achieve the treatment of the surface finish of the workpiece.

恒温加热箱7通过输液管路10与水泵12和集水槽11连接,输液管路10上设置有控制阀13,恒温加热箱7给盛放在其内的抛光液进行加热,并保持恒温状态。待处理工件5使用卡具4固定在工作台1上,蠕动泵送系统6的出口端连接有多根输液管8,输液管8与待处理工件5待抛光的内流道端口相连接。根据待处理工件5的尺寸大小,升降机构2调整高度,以适应工件内流道的高度。电控系统通过传输线,按照抛光控制指令控制蠕动泵送系统6和直线运动机构3运动。所述抛光用的电极丝9接电源的负极,工件5接电源正极。The constant temperature heating box 7 is connected to the water pump 12 and the water collecting tank 11 through the infusion pipeline 10. The infusion pipeline 10 is provided with a control valve 13. The constant temperature heating box 7 heats the polishing liquid contained therein and maintains a constant temperature state. The workpiece 5 to be processed is fixed on the workbench 1 using a fixture 4, and the outlet end of the peristaltic pumping system 6 is connected to a plurality of infusion pipes 8, which are connected to the inner flow channel port of the workpiece 5 to be polished. According to the size of the workpiece 5 to be processed, the height of the lifting mechanism 2 is adjusted to suit the height of the flow channel in the workpiece. The electronic control system controls the movement of the peristaltic pumping system 6 and the linear motion mechanism 3 according to the polishing control instructions through the transmission line. The polishing electrode wire 9 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the workpiece 5 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply.

如图4所示,工作台1上设置有导向架16,导向架16上设置有多个通孔,每个通孔内设置一个电极丝9,利用导向架16对多个电极丝9进行导向对准,蠕动泵送系统6采用多台单泵,输出端对应接插多条输液管8,在工作过程中,可以对每条内流道抛光液的流量进行单独控制调节。As shown in FIG. 4 , the worktable 1 is provided with a guide frame 16 , a plurality of through holes are arranged on the guide frame 16 , each through hole is provided with an electrode wire 9 , and the guide frame 16 is used to guide the plurality of electrode wires 9 Alignment, the peristaltic pumping system 6 adopts multiple single pumps, and the output ends are correspondingly connected to multiple infusion pipes 8. During the working process, the flow rate of the polishing liquid in each inner flow channel can be individually controlled and adjusted.

所述卡具4固定在工作台上1,两者之间设置绝缘层14,根据不同尺寸大小的工件,设置不同的卡具。The fixture 4 is fixed on the worktable 1, and an insulating layer 14 is arranged between the two. Different fixtures are provided according to workpieces of different sizes.

直线运动机构3安装在升降机构2上,在工作过程中方便适应不同直径工件,调整电极丝的高度。The linear motion mechanism 3 is installed on the lifting mechanism 2, which is convenient to adapt to workpieces of different diameters and adjust the height of the electrode wire during the working process.

电极丝9固定在直线运动机构3上,利于电极丝9在工作过程中直线匀速运动。The electrode wire 9 is fixed on the linear motion mechanism 3, which facilitates the linear uniform movement of the electrode wire 9 during the working process.

具体的抛光过程:Specific polishing process:

利用卡具4将待处理工件5固定在工作台1上;Use the fixture 4 to fix the workpiece 5 to be processed on the workbench 1;

升降机构2调整直线运动机构3的高度,使电极丝9适应工件内流道的高度;The lifting mechanism 2 adjusts the height of the linear motion mechanism 3 to make the electrode wire 9 adapt to the height of the flow channel in the workpiece;

将电极丝9接电源的负极,作为阴极,工件5接电源的正极,作为阳极;The electrode wire 9 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply as a cathode, and the workpiece 5 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply as an anode;

按照抛光控制指令控制蠕动泵送系统6和直线运动机构3运动;Control the movement of the peristaltic pumping system 6 and the linear motion mechanism 3 according to the polishing control instruction;

电极丝9作为阴极在工件内流道表面进行放电,通过汽液等离子发生技术在工件表面形成等离子态气体层,在工件的微观和宏观凸起处发生尖端放电,从而达到对工件内表面光洁度的处理。The electrode wire 9 is used as a cathode to discharge on the surface of the inner flow channel of the workpiece, and a plasma gas layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece through the vapor-liquid plasma generation technology, and tip discharge occurs at the microscopic and macroscopic protrusions of the workpiece, so as to achieve the inner surface finish of the workpiece. deal with.

如图6所示,利用本发明激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,实现了对尺寸直径2cm ~直径60cm,长度100cm范围内,材料为304不锈钢的零件抛光,如图5为抛光前的零件图,图6为抛光后的零件(直径5cm,长度30cm),抛光后的零件表面光滑,粗糙度明显降低。As shown in FIG. 6 , by using the laser powder bed fusion forming part inner flow channel surface post-processing device of the present invention, the polishing of the parts with a size of 2 cm in diameter to 60 cm in diameter and a length of 100 cm, and the material is 304 stainless steel, is realized, as shown in FIG. 5 . The part diagram before polishing, Figure 6 is the part after polishing (diameter 5cm, length 30cm), the surface of the part after polishing is smooth, and the roughness is obviously reduced.

Claims (10)

1.一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,其特征在于,包括用于固定待处理工件(5)的卡具(4),通过卡具(4)将待处理工件(5)水平固定,在卡具(4)的一侧位于待处理工件(5)的一端设置有直线运动机构(3),直线运动机构(3)上固定有电极丝(9),电极丝(9)能够同轴穿设于待处理工件(5)内,卡具(4)的另一侧位于待处理工件(5)的另一端设置有蠕动泵送系统(6),蠕动泵送系统(6)一端连接有恒温加热箱(7),蠕动泵送系统(6)的另一端连接有输液管(8),输液管(8)能够从待处理工件(5)的另一端进入待处理工件(5)内部,待处理工件(5)连接电源正极,电极丝(9)连接电源负极。1. A post-processing device for the inner flow channel surface of a laser powder bed fusion forming part, characterized in that it comprises a fixture (4) for fixing the workpiece (5) to be processed, and the workpiece (4) to be processed is fixed by the fixture (4). 5) Fixed horizontally, a linear motion mechanism (3) is arranged on one end of the workpiece (5) to be processed on one side of the fixture (4), and an electrode wire (9) is fixed on the linear motion mechanism (3), and the electrode wire ( 9) It can be coaxially inserted into the workpiece (5) to be processed, and the other side of the fixture (4) is located at the other end of the workpiece (5) to be processed with a peristaltic pumping system (6), and the peristaltic pumping system ( 6) One end is connected with a constant temperature heating box (7), the other end of the peristaltic pumping system (6) is connected with an infusion tube (8), and the infusion tube (8) can enter the workpiece to be processed from the other end of the workpiece to be processed (5). (5) Inside, the workpiece to be processed (5) is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the electrode wire (9) is connected to the negative pole of the power supply. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,其特征在于,卡具(4)底部设置有工作台(1)。2 . The post-processing device for the inner flow channel surface of a laser powder bed fusion forming part according to claim 1 , wherein a worktable ( 1 ) is provided at the bottom of the fixture ( 4 ). 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,其特征在于,直线运动机构(3)底部固定有升降机构(2)。3 . The post-processing device for the inner flow channel surface of a laser powder bed fusion forming part according to claim 1 , wherein a lifting mechanism ( 2 ) is fixed at the bottom of the linear motion mechanism ( 3 ). 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,其特征在于,卡具(4)、直线运动机构(3)和蠕动泵送系统(6)的外圈设置有防护罩(15)。4. A laser powder bed fusion forming part inner flow channel surface post-processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamp (4), the linear motion mechanism (3) and the peristaltic pumping system (6) The outer ring is provided with a protective cover (15). 5.根据权利要求2所述的一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,其特征在于,工作台(1)的底部设有集水槽(11),集水槽(11)通过输液管路(10)连通至恒温加热箱(7)。5 . The post-processing device for the inner flow channel surface of a laser powder bed fusion forming part according to claim 2 , wherein the bottom of the worktable ( 1 ) is provided with a water collecting groove ( 11 ), and the water collecting groove ( 11 ) passes through the water collecting groove ( 11 ). 6 . The infusion pipeline (10) is connected to the constant temperature heating box (7). 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,其特征在于,直线运动机构(3)上固定有多个电极丝(9)。6 . The post-processing device for the inner flow channel surface of a laser powder bed fusion forming part according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of electrode wires ( 9 ) are fixed on the linear motion mechanism ( 3 ). 7 . 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,其特征在于,蠕动泵送系统(6)的输出端接插有多条输液管(8)。7 . The post-processing device for the inner flow channel surface of a laser powder bed fusion forming part according to claim 6 , wherein the output end of the peristaltic pumping system ( 6 ) is plugged with a plurality of infusion tubes ( 8 ). 8 . 8.根据权利要求2所述的一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,其特征在于,工作台(1)上设置有导向架(16),导向架(16)上设置有多个通孔。8 . The post-processing device for the inner flow channel surface of a laser powder bed fusion forming part according to claim 2 , wherein a guide frame ( 16 ) is arranged on the worktable ( 1 ), and a guide frame ( 16 ) is arranged on the guide frame ( 16 ). There are multiple through holes. 9.根据权利要求3所述的一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,其特征在于,升降机构(2)采用X型升降机。9 . The post-processing device for the inner flow channel surface of a laser powder bed fusion forming part according to claim 3 , wherein the lifting mechanism ( 2 ) adopts an X-type lift. 10 . 10.根据权利要求2所述的一种激光粉末床熔融成形件内流道表面后处理装置,其特征在于,卡具(4)与工作台(1)之间设有绝缘层(14)。10 . The post-processing device for the inner flow channel surface of a laser powder bed fusion forming part according to claim 2 , wherein an insulating layer ( 14 ) is provided between the fixture ( 4 ) and the worktable ( 1 ). 11 .
CN202210639058.5A 2022-06-07 2022-06-07 Runner surface aftertreatment device in laser powder bed melting forming piece Pending CN114717641A (en)

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CN116065225A (en) * 2023-03-31 2023-05-05 太原理工大学 Electrolytic polishing device for inner wall of special-shaped micro-fine tube

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CN111687692A (en) * 2020-06-16 2020-09-22 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 Flow channel polishing device and polishing method based on electrolyte plasma processing
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116065225A (en) * 2023-03-31 2023-05-05 太原理工大学 Electrolytic polishing device for inner wall of special-shaped micro-fine tube
CN116065225B (en) * 2023-03-31 2023-06-16 太原理工大学 Electrolytic polishing device for inner wall of special-shaped micro-fine tube

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Application publication date: 20220708