CN114716979A - Preparation method of battery case heat-preservation phase-change material and laying structure thereof - Google Patents
Preparation method of battery case heat-preservation phase-change material and laying structure thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114716979A CN114716979A CN202210390971.6A CN202210390971A CN114716979A CN 114716979 A CN114716979 A CN 114716979A CN 202210390971 A CN202210390971 A CN 202210390971A CN 114716979 A CN114716979 A CN 114716979A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a battery case thermal insulation phase change material and a laying structure thereof. The method comprises the following steps: step one, tetradecane and dodecanol are adopted as a phase-change material matrix, and expanded graphite is adopted as a carrier; step two, adjusting the formula ratio of the phase-change material matrix to the expanded graphite according to the requirements of different areas on the heat-insulating property of the battery; fixing the phase-change material matrix and the expanded graphite by adopting a vacuum impregnation method to form a composite phase-change material; and step four, carrying out micropore packaging on the expanded graphite in the composite phase-change material to form an expanded graphite micropore packaging layer, and carrying out secondary packaging on the exterior of the composite phase-change material by using an organic silicon pouring sealant to form an organic silicon pouring sealant layer. The invention utilizes the expanded graphite micropore packaging and the organic silicon sealant for secondary packaging, and can greatly improve the sealing property of the phase-change material in the solid-liquid conversion process on the premise of not changing the heat conductivity and the thermal cycle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of phase-change material energy storage, in particular to a preparation method and a laying structure of a battery case heat-preservation phase-change material.
Background
With the rapid development of the transportation industry, the problems of energy safety and environmental pollution are concerned. Aiming at the problems of energy and pollution caused by vehicles, high-efficiency and cleaner new energy electric vehicles are actively popularized in all countries in the world, and under the condition that renewable energy power supply is realized in a large area in most of the current countries, the electric vehicles become the most reliable energy-saving and emission-reducing way and have wide application prospects.
The lithium ion battery widely applied to the power system of the electric vehicle has obvious temperature influence on the performance and the safety. A lithium ion battery is a secondary battery, and is widely used as a power source for daily use electronic products due to its excellent performance. The applicable temperature is-20 ℃ to 40 ℃. The actual discharge performance of the lithium battery at low temperature is far lower than that at normal temperature, and the actual discharge performance of the lithium battery is reduced along with the temperature reduction.
In the cold environment in the north, the loss of the battery is serious, the battery capacity is reduced, the endurance capacity of the electric automobile is reduced, when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the endurance capacity reduction rate is as high as 42.4%, the charging pile or the battery thermal management system is generally utilized to heat and preserve the temperature of the battery at the present stage, and the energy consumption and the battery burden are greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a battery case heat-preservation phase-change material and an laying structure thereof, so that the heat conduction and the anti-leakage form stability of the composite phase-change material can be obviously enhanced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a battery case heat-insulating phase-change material comprises the following steps:
step one, tetradecane and dodecanol are adopted as a phase-change material matrix, and expanded graphite is adopted as a carrier;
secondly, adjusting the formula ratio of the phase-change material matrix to the expanded graphite according to the requirements of different areas on the heat preservation performance of the battery shell;
fixing the phase-change material matrix and the expanded graphite by adopting a vacuum impregnation method to prepare a phase-change material body with a stable shape;
and step four, carrying out micropore packaging on the expanded graphite in the phase-change material body to form an expanded graphite micropore packaging layer, and carrying out secondary packaging on the exterior of the phase-change material body by using an organic silicon pouring sealant to form an organic silicon pouring sealant layer.
Preferably, the expanded graphite is specifically porous solid particle expanded graphite.
Preferably, the phase change material body laying position and the phase change material body filling structure are included.
Preferably, the phase change material body filling structure is a truss, and the interior of the truss is a hollow structure, namely the phase change material body laying position, and is used for filling the phase change material body.
Preferably, the width of the position for installing the battery module in the truss in the horizontal direction is greater than the width of the position for laying the phase change material body in the horizontal direction.
Preferably, the phase-change material body is filled between the battery modules according to the maximum filling rate, and the size of the truss between the single-row battery module and the double-row battery module is determined according to the size of a battery case and the size of the battery module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the composite phase-change material with the heat preservation performance for the new energy battery shell and the specific laying structure of the composite phase-change material are provided by the invention, wherein the preparation of the composite phase-change material adopts a vacuum impregnation method to improve the shape stability, and the prepared composite phase-change material can realize 100% compensation of a battery heat management system at the temperature of-5 ℃, and does not need other energy consumption for independent heat preservation.
2. The invention utilizes the expanded graphite micropore packaging and the organic silicon sealant for secondary packaging, and the double packaging can greatly improve the sealing property of the composite phase change material in the solid-liquid conversion process on the premise of not changing the heat conductivity and the thermal cycle.
3. According to the invention, the optimal laying position of the composite phase-change material is designed according to the size of the battery case and the size of the battery module, and the aluminum alloy truss is arranged in the battery case to fill the composite phase-change material, so that the utilization efficiency of the composite phase-change material is improved, and the safety of the battery can be improved.
4. The invention maintains the normal working temperature of the battery by using the energy storage characteristic of the composite phase change material at low temperature, avoids the problem of battery capacity reduction and prolongs the service life of the battery.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a phase change material laying structure inside a battery case according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of double packaging of the heat-insulating phase-change material in the battery case according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the preparation of the thermal insulation composite phase change material in the battery case.
In the figure: the composite phase-change material comprises a composite phase-change material 1, an expanded graphite micropore packaging layer 11, an organic silicon potting adhesive layer 12, a truss 2 and a battery module 3.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a composite phase change material with heat preservation performance for a new energy battery case and a specific laying structure of the phase change material, so as to solve the problems in the prior art, provide the composite phase change material with heat preservation at low temperature, reduce energy consumption, realize active heat preservation, and design an optimal laying structure to improve the stability and safety of the battery.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a preparation method of a battery case heat-insulating phase-change material comprises the following steps:
step one, tetradecane and dodecanol are adopted as a phase-change material matrix, and expanded graphite is adopted as a carrier;
secondly, adjusting the formula ratio of the phase-change material matrix to the expanded graphite according to the requirements of different areas on the heat preservation performance of the battery shell;
fixing the phase-change material matrix and the expanded graphite by adopting a vacuum impregnation method to prepare a phase-change material body 1 with a stable shape;
step four, carrying out micropore packaging on the expanded graphite in the phase-change material body 1 to form an expanded graphite micropore packaging layer 11, and carrying out secondary packaging on the exterior of the phase-change material body 1 by using organic silicon pouring sealant to form an organic silicon pouring sealant layer 12.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the expanded graphite is porous solid particle expanded graphite.
The method comprises a phase change material body laying position and a phase change material body filling structure.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the phase change material body filling structure is a truss 2, and the interior of the truss 2 is a hollow structure, that is, the laying position of the phase change material body, for filling the phase change material body 1.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the width of the position for installing the battery module in the truss 2 in the horizontal direction is larger than the width of the position for laying the phase change material body in the horizontal direction.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the phase change material body 1 is filled between the battery modules 3 at a maximum filling rate, and the size of the truss 2 between the battery modules 3 in a single row and the battery modules 3 in a double row is determined according to the size of the battery case and the size of the battery modules 3.
In the embodiment, the mass ratio of tetradecane to dodecanol is adjusted according to the requirements of different areas on the heat preservation performance of the battery shell, the control of the critical phase change point of the composite phase change material 1 at low temperature is realized, and the mass ratio of a phase change material matrix to expanded graphite is selected to be 93: 7.
firstly, preparing a composite phase-change material 1 with heat preservation performance, adopting tetradecane-dodecanol as a phase-change material matrix, and adopting high-thermal-conductivity porous material expanded graphite as a carrier.
The phase-change material enters the pore channel of the particles by adopting a vacuum impregnation method, and the phase-change material matrix is firmly combined with the expanded graphite under the action of capillary force, hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals force, so that the problems of poor thermal conductivity and poor stability of the phase-change material matrix are solved.
After the composite phase-change material 1 is prepared, double packaging needs to be carried out on the composite phase-change material to form an expanded graphite micropore packaging layer 11, the exterior of the composite phase-change material 1 is packaged for the second time by utilizing organic silicon pouring sealant to form an organic silicon pouring sealant layer 12, and the micropores of the expanded graphite in the composite phase-change material 1 can limit the flowing of the composite phase-change material 1 after the composite phase-change material 1 is converted from a solid state to a liquid state, so that the liquid leakage is prevented, the sealing problem during thermal cycle or storage is solved, and the micropore packaging effect is achieved. The organic silicon sealant with elasticity is coated on the surface of the composite phase-change material 1 for macroscopic secondary packaging, the thickness of the sealant layer is controlled to be about 5mm, the sealant can seal the outward micropore channel in the expanded graphite, and the stability and the sealing property of the composite phase-change material 1 are further improved. In addition, the sealant does not affect the thermal conductivity of the composite phase change material 1.
After the composite phase change material 1 is prepared, the phase change material laying position and the phase change material filling structure are designed according to the sizes of the battery shell and the battery module 3.
A battery case with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height of 2000mm multiplied by 1400mm multiplied by 80mm and a lithium ion battery module with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height of 400mm multiplied by 150mm multiplied by 40mm are taken as examples to explain the concrete structure and the design method.
10 groups of lithium ion battery modules 3 are expected to be placed in the battery shell and divided into two rows, one row is 5 groups. Firstly, the laying position of the phase change material is determined, and the composite phase change material 1 is filled between the battery modules 3. The filling volume of the composite phase change material 1 between the battery modules 3 in the same row is the same.
According to the method, the filling size of the composite phase change material 1 between the battery modules 3 in the same row is 400mm multiplied by 90mm multiplied by 50mm in length multiplied by width multiplied by height, and the filling size of the battery modules 3 in different rows is 1400mm multiplied by 90mm multiplied by 50mm in length multiplied by width multiplied by height.
The aluminum alloy truss 2 is connected to the bottom of the battery case by welding technology, the interior of the truss 2 is of a hollow structure, and the composite phase-change material 1 is filled in the truss and then sealed. Truss 2 and the 3 distance 5mm of both sides battery module between the different row are in order to avoid installation error, and the heat conduction efficiency of compound phase change material 1 is improved to the truss 2 and the 3 direct contact of battery module of same row.
The composite phase change material 1 and the filling volume prepared by the method can be applied to a severe cold environment at minus 5 ℃, and the energy charged outside is compensated by 100% of heat released by the composite phase change material 1 in the battery shell, so that the aims of saving energy and prolonging the service life of the battery are fulfilled.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the battery case heat-insulation phase-change material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, tetradecane and dodecanol are adopted as a phase-change material matrix, and expanded graphite is adopted as a carrier;
step two, adjusting the formula ratio of the phase-change material matrix to the expanded graphite according to the requirements of different areas on the thermal insulation performance of the battery shell;
fixing the phase-change material matrix and the expanded graphite by adopting a vacuum impregnation method to prepare a phase-change material body (1) with a stable shape;
and step four, carrying out micropore packaging on the expanded graphite inside the phase-change material body (1) to form an expanded graphite micropore packaging layer (11), and carrying out secondary packaging on the exterior of the phase-change material body (1) by using an organic silicon pouring sealant to form an organic silicon pouring sealant layer (12).
2. The method for preparing the battery case thermal insulation phase-change material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the expanded graphite is porous solid particle expanded graphite.
3. The laying structure of the thermal insulation phase change material of the battery shell according to the claims 1-2, which comprises a phase change material body laying position and a phase change material body filling structure.
4. The laying structure of the battery case thermal insulation phase change material according to claim 3, wherein the phase change material body filling structure is a truss (2), and the interior of the truss (2) is a hollow structure, namely a phase change material body laying position, for filling the phase change material body (1).
5. The laying structure of the battery case thermal insulation phase change material according to claim 3, wherein the width of the position for installing the battery module in the truss (2) in the horizontal direction is larger than the width of the laying position of the phase change material body in the horizontal direction.
6. The laying structure of the battery case thermal insulation phase-change material according to claim 4, wherein the phase-change material body (1) is filled between the battery modules (3) according to the maximum filling rate, and the size of the truss (2) between the battery modules (3) in a single row and the battery modules (3) in a double row is determined according to the size of the battery case and the size of the battery modules (3).
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| CN202210390971.6A CN114716979A (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2022-04-14 | Preparation method of battery case heat-preservation phase-change material and laying structure thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116855096A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-10-10 | 大连理工大学 | Eutectic phase-change composite insulation board and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220708 |