CN114716005A - Control method of vertical decanter based on SBR process - Google Patents

Control method of vertical decanter based on SBR process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114716005A
CN114716005A CN202210226665.9A CN202210226665A CN114716005A CN 114716005 A CN114716005 A CN 114716005A CN 202210226665 A CN202210226665 A CN 202210226665A CN 114716005 A CN114716005 A CN 114716005A
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decanter
decanting
liquid level
pipe
vertical
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CN114716005B (en
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杨武
杨帆
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Dewen Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
    • C02F3/1263—Sequencing batch reactors [SBR]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/006—Regulation methods for biological treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, and provides a control method of a vertical decanter based on an SBR process, wherein the decanter is a vertical pontoon, the pontoon comprises a decanting pipe, an automatic closing system, a telescopic pipe and a control device, the side surface of the pontoon is vertically provided with a plurality of decanting pipes, one end of the telescopic pipe is connected with the pontoon through a flange, the other end of the telescopic pipe is connected with a drainage port of a sewage pool, the control device drives the automatic closing system to work so that the decanting pipe discharges supernatant in a reaction tank, the bottom of the decanting pipe is provided with a plurality of holes, the holes are closed and opened through an electromagnetic valve in the automatic closing system, the control device comprises a main control module, an actuating mechanism, a frequency sampler, a liquid level sensor and a flow rate sensor, the plurality of liquid level sensors are arranged at the upper side and the lower side of each decanting pipe, the flow rate sensor is arranged in the holes, and can self-adaptively close the draining holes according to the liquid level in the water pool, avoiding the scum from being discharged along with the water flow to influence the water quality index.

Description

Control method of vertical decanter based on SBR process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment in villages and towns and rural areas, in particular to a control method of a vertical decanter based on an SBR process.
Background
Basic mode of operation of classical SBR. The operation consists of 5 basic processes of water inflow (fill), reaction (react), precipitation (seat), decantation (draw) and standby (idle). One cycle is taken from the start of the inflow of sewage to the end of the standby time. All processes are carried out in sequence in a reactor provided with an aeration or stirring device in one period, and equipment such as a sedimentation tank, a return sludge pump and the like which are necessary to be arranged in a continuous activated sludge method are not needed. The continuous activated sludge process is a fixed continuous operation in which different facilities are spatially arranged, whereas the classical SBR is a different operation in which various purposes are temporally performed in a single reactor. The intermittent operation mode of the device is consistent with the period of wastewater generation in many industries, and the technical characteristics of SBR can be fully utilized, so that the device is widely applied to industrial sewage treatment.
The SBR working process is as follows: adding sewage into a reactor in a short time, aerating after the reactor is filled with water, stopping aerating after organic matters in the sewage meet the discharge requirement through biodegradation, settling for a certain time and discharging supernatant. The above process can be summarized as follows: the method comprises the following steps of short-time water inlet, aeration reaction, precipitation, short-time water discharge and next working period, and can also be called as five stages of water inlet stage, substrate addition, reaction stage, substrate degradation, precipitation stage, solid-liquid separation, water discharge stage, supernatant discharge and standby stage, and activity recovery.
The floating decanter can adopt gravity type discharge or pump suction type discharge, is provided with an automatic closed system, always keeps water drainage below the liquid level according to the liquid level change in the tank to prevent surface floaters from being sucked, adopts a horizontal water inlet weir to ensure that sludge after sedimentation cannot be sucked and flows out along with outlet water, and the automatic closed system can realize no suspended matters entering in the stirring or aeration stage. Therefore, how to accurately control the operation of the automatic closing system is important for the efficiency of sewage treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method of a vertical decanter based on an SBR process, which realizes automatic monitoring and control of the decanter, avoids blockage of holes by impurities and increases the cleaning cost and the manual supervision cost of the decanter.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the control method of the vertical decanter based on the SBR process comprises the steps that the vertical decanter is a vertical pontoon, the pontoon comprises a decanting pipe, an automatic closing system, a telescopic pipe and a control device, the side surface of the pontoon is vertically provided with a plurality of decanting pipes, one end of the telescopic pipe is connected with the pontoon through a flange, the other end of the telescopic pipe is connected with a drainage port of a sewage pool, the control device drives the automatic closing system to work so that the decanting pipes discharge supernatant liquid in a reaction pool, the bottom of the decanting pipe is provided with a plurality of holes, the holes are closed and opened through electromagnetic valves in the automatic closing system, the control device comprises a main control module, an actuating mechanism, a frequency sampler, a liquid level sensor and a flow rate sensor, the plurality of liquid level sensors are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of each decanting pipe, the flow rate sensors are arranged in the holes,
the input end of the frequency sampler is respectively connected with the liquid level sensor and the flow velocity sensor, the output end of the frequency sampler is connected with the main control module, the output end of the main control module is connected with the actuating mechanism, the electromagnetic valve is driven to open and close by the actuating mechanism,
the working principle of the main control module comprises the following steps:
step S1: judging the working state of the decanter and the water amount in the reaction tank according to the acquired liquid level information, wherein the liquid level information is acquired according to the frequency sampler;
step S2: the main control module acquires the flow of the hole in a T0 time period and sends the flow to the remote terminal through the communication module;
step S3: the remote terminal compares the flow in the T0 time period with the size relation of the pre-stored standard interval, and when the flow is smaller than the standard interval, the remote terminal drives the main control module to send an instruction for closing the electromagnetic valve to the execution mechanism.
Preferably, in step S1, the liquid level sensor acquires the liquid level information, and when the sewage in the reaction tank exceeds the upper side liquid level sensor of the decanting tube, the main control module drives the actuator to close the electromagnetic valve of the decanting tube.
Preferably, in the step S1, the interval between the two times of sampling the liquid level information by the frequency sampler is shorter than T0 in the step S2.
Preferably, the total flow Q during the period T0 is calculated by the formula:
Q＝QT0-Q0＝SvT0-Sv0
vQ＝Q/S
wherein S is the cross-sectional area of the hole in square centimeter, v0Is the instantaneous flow velocity at the hole at the initial moment, vT0Is the instantaneous flow velocity at the hole at time T0, vQIs the average flow velocity, v, over a period of T00And vT0Are obtained by sampling with a frequency sampler.
Preferably, the standard interval is set according to the standard that when the liquid level in the reaction tank approaches to the liquid level sensor at the uppermost side of the decanting pipe, the total volume V of the water filled in the decanting pipe is calculated, the density is the average density rho of the supernatant, and the speed V of the holes is calculated11When the volume of water in the decanting weir is less than (n-1) V/n, the speed of the holes is calculated as V22Wherein the number of the open holes of the decanter is n, passing v11And v22And calculating to obtain the maximum flow value and the minimum flow value of the standard interval.
Preferably, when the flow rate of the hole in the unit time and the flow rate of the hole in the next unit time decrease in a non-linear manner, the main control module drives the actuating mechanism to close the electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, the unit sampling time of the frequency sampler is T1, and the unit sampling time is T1 when the decanter starts to work,
T1＝60V/(S*n*H)
when the height of the supernatant in the reaction tank is lower than the alarm height, the sampling time T1 is calculated as,
T1＝60V/(S*(n+1)*H)
wherein H is the length of the decanting pipe.
Preferably, the warning height of the supernatant in the reaction tank is detected by arranging a liquid level sensor on the side wall of the reaction tank, the vertical height of the liquid level sensor is h from the ground, and h is the height of the decanter, namely the height of the first decanting pipe from top to bottom.
Preferably, the distance between the decant pipes is not less than 10 cm.
Preferably, an electromagnetic valve is arranged between the water decanter and the extension pipe.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the flow velocity of the hole of the decanter is automatically detected to prevent foreign matters from blocking the hole in the later period;
2. the automatic monitoring is carried out according to the condition of the supernatant in the reaction tank without manual detection;
3. the drainage height of the vertical floating drum rises and falls along with the liquid level, so that the maximum and fastest drainage is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the control method of the vertical decanter based on the SBR process of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a decanter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a vertical float; 2. a liquid level sensor; 3. a hole; 4. a telescopic pipe; 5. an electromagnetic valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the control method of the vertical decanter based on the SBR process is characterized in that the decanter is a vertical pontoon, the pontoon comprises a decanting pipe, an automatic closing system, a telescopic pipe and a control device, the side surface of the pontoon is vertically provided with a plurality of decanting pipes, one end of the telescopic pipe is connected with the pontoon through a flange, the other end of the telescopic pipe is connected with a drainage port of a sewage tank, the control device drives the automatic closing system to work so that the decanting pipes discharge supernatant liquid in a reaction tank, the bottom of the decanting pipe is provided with a plurality of holes, the holes are closed and opened through electromagnetic valves in the automatic closing system, the control device comprises a main control module, an execution mechanism, a frequency sampler, a liquid level sensor and a flow rate sensor, the plurality of liquid level sensors are arranged at the upper side and the lower side of each decanting pipe, the flow rate sensor is arranged in the holes and can self-adaptively close the drainage holes according to the liquid level in the water tank, the blocking of the holes by the uppermost impurities is avoided,
the input end of the frequency sampler is respectively connected with the liquid level sensor and the flow velocity sensor, the output end of the frequency sampler is connected with the main control module, the output end of the main control module is connected with the actuating mechanism, the electromagnetic valve is driven to open and close by the actuating mechanism,
the working principle of the main control module comprises the following steps:
step S1: judging the working state of the decanter and the water amount in the reaction tank according to the acquired liquid level information, wherein the liquid level information is acquired according to the frequency sampler;
step S2: the main control module acquires the flow of the hole in a T0 time period and sends the flow to the remote terminal through the communication module;
step S3: and the remote terminal compares the flow in the T0 time period with the size relation of the standard interval, and when the flow is smaller than the standard interval, the remote terminal drives the main control module to send an instruction for closing the electromagnetic valve to the execution mechanism.
In the step S1, the liquid level sensor is disposed at the highest point outside the decanting pipe, the liquid level information outside the decanting pipe is acquired by the liquid level sensor, and when the sewage in the reaction tank exceeds the highest value of the decanting pipe, the main control module drives the execution mechanism to close the electromagnetic valve.
In the step S1, the interval between the two times of sampling the liquid level information by the frequency sampler is shorter than T0 in the step S2.
The total flow Q during the period T0 is calculated as:
Q＝Q T0-Q0＝Sv T0-Sv0
v Q＝Q/S
wherein S is the cross-sectional area of the hole in square centimeter, v0Is the instantaneous flow velocity at the hole at the initial moment, vT0Is the instantaneous flow velocity at the hole at time T0, vQIs the average flow velocity, v, over a period T00And vT0Are obtained by sampling with a frequency sampler.
Criteria for setting of criteria intervalsWhen the liquid level in the reaction tank approaches the highest point of the decanting pipe, the total volume V of the water filled in the decanting pipe is calculated, the density is the average density rho of the supernatant, and the speed V of the holes is calculated11When the volume of water in the decanting weir is (n-1) V/n, the speed of the holes is calculated as V22Wherein the number of the holes of the decanter is n, passing v11And v22And calculating to obtain the maximum flow value and the minimum flow value of the standard interval.
When the flow of the hole in the unit time and the flow of the hole in the next unit time are reduced in a nonlinear manner, the main control module drives the actuating mechanism to close the electromagnetic valve, and the flow velocity in the hole is reduced in a nonlinear manner due to the fact that the supernatant in the decanting weir continuously falls but impurities are accumulated in the falling process, and therefore the hole is closed by the electromagnetic valve in order to avoid the blockage of the hole by the impurities.
The unit sampling time of the frequency sampler is T1, the unit sampling time is second, when the decanter starts to work, the calculation formula of the sampling time T1 is as follows,
T1＝60V/(S*n*H)
when the height of the supernatant in the reaction tank is lower than the alarm height, the sampling time T1 is calculated as,
T1＝60V/(S*(n+1)*H)
wherein H is the length of the decanting pipe.
The warning height of the supernatant in the reaction tank is detected by arranging a liquid level sensor on the side wall of the reaction tank, the vertical height of the liquid level sensor is h away from the ground, and h is the height of the decanter, namely the height of the first decanting pipe from top to bottom.
It is worth to be noted that the sewage treatment in the reaction tank is a long-period dynamic process, when the decanter does not work, the holes are closed through the electromagnetic valve, after the decanter works, the flow velocity of the holes is detected in real time, under normal conditions, most impurities sink to the bottom of the reaction tank, a small part of impurities float on supernatant due to low density, and the decanter decants water through supernatant in the middle layer, and the flow velocity monitoring is adopted, the principle is that under the condition that the water quantity of the reaction tank is enough, the volume of the supernatant in the decanting pipe is certain, when the number of the holes is fixed, the flow velocity of the holes has a linear relation with the volume, density and blockage or blockage of the supernatant in the decanting pipe, once impurities are mixed, the flow velocity can also change, according to the specification and drainage requirements of the sewage treatment tank, the support can be set to fix the float, so as to avoid the excessive weight of the float, sink to the bottom.
It should be noted that, this embodiment does not exclude that a plurality of actuators are used to perform one-to-one control on a plurality of holes of the same decanter, for example, the hole at the bottom is set to have a larger diameter, so that the flow rate in unit time is larger, but the situation of blocking by impurities is avoided, and therefore, the sensitivity of the sampling module is more accurate, and the decanting effect is ensured to be the best.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "counterclockwise", "clockwise", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting.

Claims (10)

1. The control method of the vertical decanter based on the SBR process is characterized in that the decanter is a vertical pontoon, the pontoon comprises a decanting pipe, an automatic closing system, a telescopic pipe and a control device, the side surface of the pontoon is vertically provided with a plurality of decanting pipes, one end of the telescopic pipe is connected with the pontoon through a flange, the other end of the telescopic pipe is connected with a drainage port of a sewage pool, the automatic closing system is driven by the control device to work, so that the decanting pipes discharge supernatant liquid in a reaction pool, the bottom of the decanting pipe is provided with a plurality of holes, the holes are closed and opened through electromagnetic valves in the automatic closing system, the control device comprises a main control module, an actuating mechanism, a frequency sampler, a liquid level sensor and a flow rate sensor, the plurality of liquid level sensors are arranged at the upper side and the lower side of each decanting pipe, the flow rate sensor is arranged in the holes,
the input end of the frequency sampler is respectively connected with the liquid level sensor and the flow velocity sensor, the output end of the frequency sampler is connected with the main control module, the output end of the main control module is connected with the actuating mechanism, the electromagnetic valve is driven to open and close by the actuating mechanism,
the working principle of the main control module comprises the following steps:
step S1: judging the working state of the decanting pipe and the water amount in the reaction tank according to the obtained liquid level information, wherein the liquid level information is obtained according to the frequency sampler;
step S2: the main control module acquires the flow of the hole in a T0 time period and sends the flow to the remote terminal through the communication module;
step S3: the remote terminal compares the total flow in the time period of T0 with the size relationship of the pre-stored standard interval, and when the total flow is smaller than the standard interval, the remote terminal drives the main control module to send an instruction for closing the electromagnetic valve to the execution mechanism.
2. The method for controlling a vertical decanter according to claim 1 wherein in step S1, the liquid level information is obtained by the liquid level sensor, and when the sewage in the reaction tank exceeds the upper side liquid level sensor of the decanting pipe, the main control module drives the actuator to close the electromagnetic valve of the decanting pipe.
3. The vertical decanter control method based on SBR process of claim 2 wherein the interval time between the frequency sampler sampling the liquid level information twice in step S1 is shorter than T0 in step S2.
4. The control method of the vertical decanter based on SBR process as claimed in claim 3, wherein the total flow Q in the T0 time period is calculated by the following formula:
Q＝Q T0-Q0＝Sv T0-Sv0
v Q＝Q/S
wherein S is the cross-sectional area of the hole and has a unit of squareCentimeter, v0Is the instantaneous flow velocity at the hole at the initial moment, vT0Is the instantaneous flow velocity at the hole at time T0, vQIs the average flow velocity, v, over a period T00And vT0Are obtained by sampling with a frequency sampler.
5. The method for controlling a vertical decanter according to claim 4 wherein the standard interval sets the standard of the total volume V of the water filled in the decanter tube and the average density p of the supernatant fluid, and the speed V of the holes is calculated as the liquid level in the reaction tank approaches the uppermost level sensor of the decanter tube11When the volume of the water in the decanting pipe is less than (n-1) V/n, the speed of the holes is calculated as V22Wherein the number of the open holes of the decanting tube is n, passing v11And v22And calculating to obtain the maximum flow value and the minimum flow value of the standard interval.
6. The control method of the vertical decanter based on the SBR process as claimed in claim 5, wherein the main control module drives the actuator to close the solenoid valve when the flow rate of the hole in a unit time and the flow rate of the hole in the next unit time decrease in a non-linear manner.
7. The vertical decanter control method according to claim 6 wherein said frequency sampler has a unit sampling time T1 in seconds, and when the decanter starts to operate, the calculation formula of the sampling time T1 is,
T1＝60V/(S*n*H)
when the height of the supernatant in the reaction tank is lower than the alarm height, the sampling time T1 is calculated as,
T1＝60V/(S*(n+1)*H)
wherein H is the length of the decanting pipe.
8. The method for controlling a vertical decanter according to claim 6 wherein the warning height of the supernatant in the reaction tank is detected by providing a level sensor on the side wall of the reaction tank, the level sensor being provided at a vertical height h from the ground, h being the decanter height-the first decanter pipe height from top to bottom.
9. The control method of the vertical decanter based on SBR process as claimed in claim 6, wherein the distance between the decanting pipes is not less than 10 cm.
10. The control method of the vertical decanter based on the SBR process, according to claim 6, wherein an electromagnetic valve is provided between the decanter and the extension tube.
CN202210226665.9A 2022-03-09 2022-03-09 Control method of vertical decanter based on SBR process Active CN114716005B (en)

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