CN114716003B - Preparation method of sludge micropowder, sludge micropowder and device - Google Patents
Preparation method of sludge micropowder, sludge micropowder and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114716003B CN114716003B CN202210319791.9A CN202210319791A CN114716003B CN 114716003 B CN114716003 B CN 114716003B CN 202210319791 A CN202210319791 A CN 202210319791A CN 114716003 B CN114716003 B CN 114716003B
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 63
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URRHWTYOQNLUKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[P] Chemical compound [AlH3].[P] URRHWTYOQNLUKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWNCNSOPVUCKJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[P] Chemical compound [Mg].[P] LWNCNSOPVUCKJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of biological wastewater treatment, in particular to a preparation method of sludge micropowder, sludge micropowder and a device. The preparation method of the sludge micro powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing sludge and sand, and freezing to obtain a first mixture; vacuum freeze-drying the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; stirring and crushing the second mixture to obtain a third mixture. The preparation method of the sludge micro powder has the advantages of simplicity, low cost and short preparation time, and the prepared sludge micro powder has higher activity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological wastewater treatment, in particular to a preparation method of sludge micropowder, sludge micropowder and a device.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the surface water eutrophication control requirements, the outlet water quality of the sewage treatment plant is required to reach the first grade A standard GB 18918-2002. Removal of nutrient contaminants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter has become a primary goal of sewage treatment. Biological denitrification and dephosphorization technology is widely applied due to the advantages of low operation cost, high treatment effect and the like. In recent years, granular sludge has been widely paid attention to because of its excellent sedimentation performance, high biomass, high removal capacity for pollutants, and small floor space and low operating cost achieved by a sequencing batch activated sludge process. According to the traditional 'crystal nucleus' theory, the sludge micropowder acts as a crystal nucleus in the sludge granulation process, and the sludge micropowder is added during starting to promote the quick adsorption of flocculated sludge and the adhesion of the flocculated sludge on the surface of the micropowder, so that the sludge concentration is continuously increased, and the sludge loss is reduced. In the preparation of sludge micropowder in a laboratory, excess sludge from a concentration tank is often used, the sludge micropowder is naturally dried, and then is put into a drying oven at 100 ℃ to be dried for a plurality of hours, and is taken out and crushed by a crusher to obtain the micron-sized sludge micropowder, but the biological activity in the sludge micropowder is reduced due to long-term high temperature, and calcium or magnesium phosphorus conjugate and aluminum phosphorus conjugate (insoluble phosphate) are generated. Therefore, the method is not suitable for producing sewage treatment additive-sludge micropowder.
The method and the device for preparing the sludge micro powder are found, so that the granular sludge can be rapidly granulated, the sludge loss is reduced, and meanwhile, the biological activity of the sludge micro powder is improved, and the method and the device have important significance for the application and development of a sludge granulating technology.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
According to one aspect of the invention, a method for preparing sludge micropowder is provided, comprising the following steps:
uniformly mixing sludge and sand, and freezing to obtain a first mixture; vacuum freeze-drying the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; stirring and crushing the second mixture to obtain a third mixture.
The preparation method of the sludge micro powder has the advantages of simplicity, low cost and short preparation time, and can keep the sludge micro powder to have higher activity.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also relates to a sludge micropowder, which is mainly prepared by the preparation method of the sludge micropowder.
The sludge micropowder has higher biological activity and can serve as a crystal nucleus in the sludge granulation process.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also relates to a device for implementing the preparation method of the sludge micro powder, which comprises a stirring and mixing area, a freezing and solidifying area and a drying and crushing area which are sequentially arranged;
the discharge port at the bottom of the stirring and mixing zone is connected with the feed port at the top of the freezing and solidifying zone; the discharge hole at the bottom of the freezing and solidifying zone is connected with the feed hole at the top of the drying and crushing zone;
a first stirring device is arranged in the stirring and mixing area;
a first gas storage chamber, a mould layer and a second gas storage chamber are respectively arranged in the freezing and solidifying area from top to bottom;
and a second stirring device is arranged in the drying and crushing area.
The preparation device of the sludge micro powder has reasonable structural arrangement and can prepare the sludge micro powder with excellent quality.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the preparation method of the sludge micro powder, sand stirring and crushing are combined with vacuum freeze drying, so that the specific heat capacity of sludge can be reduced, freezing and solidification are accelerated to form solid, and the sludge micro powder is prepared by stirring and vacuum freeze drying, so that the preparation of the sludge micro powder is faster, efficient and energy-saving, the loss of sludge activity caused by high temperature is avoided, and the preparation method has higher practical significance and economic value in the field of wastewater treatment.
(2) The sludge micropowder provided by the invention has higher biological activity and can serve as a crystal nucleus in the sludge granulation process.
(3) The preparation device of the sludge micro powder provided by the invention has reasonable structural arrangement and can prepare the sludge micro powder with excellent quality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a regional distribution diagram of a device for preparing sludge micropowder according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a stirring and mixing zone of the apparatus for preparing sludge micropowder according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a freeze-solidification zone of the apparatus for producing sludge micropowder according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a drying and pulverizing zone of the apparatus for producing sludge fine powder according to the present invention.
The device comprises a 1-stirring mixing area, a 2-freezing and solidifying area, a 3-drying and smashing area, a 4-first driving device, a 5-second driving device, a 6-cooling pipe, a 7-heat preservation layer, an 8-first feeding hole, a 9-second feeding hole, a 10-first stirring device, an 11-first valve baffle, a 12-first valve, a 13-first pressurizing device connecting hole, a 14-water inlet, a 15-first air outlet, a 16-mould layer, a 17-first pressure sensing device, a 18-second pressurizing device connecting hole, a 19-second air outlet, a 20-baffle, a 21-vacuum device connecting hole, a 22-air inlet, a 23-material outlet, a 24-second stirring device, a 25-temperature sensing device, a 26-second pressure sensing device, a 27-first gas storage room, a 28-second gas storage room, a 29-first stirring shaft, a 30-first stirring paddle, a 31-second stirring shaft and a 32-second stirring paddle.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples described below are some, but not all, examples of the present invention, and are intended to be illustrative of the present invention only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
According to one aspect of the invention, a method for preparing sludge micropowder is provided, comprising the following steps:
uniformly mixing sludge and sand, and freezing to obtain a first mixture; vacuum freeze-drying the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; stirring and crushing the second mixture to obtain a third mixture.
The preparation method of the sludge micro powder is simple, low in preparation cost and short in time, and can keep the sludge micro powder to have higher activity.
The sand used in the invention is rich in nature, can be obtained by screening the raw sand, and has the advantages of simple preparation, low cost, recycling, lower specific heat capacity and higher heat conduction efficiency. The method for adding fine sand into the sludge can reduce the specific heat capacity of the mixture and reduce the freezing time of the mixture; the surface roughness is increased, the specific surface area is further increased, and the time required by vacuum drying is reduced; the fine sand is introduced in the stirring process, so that the mechanical collision between the sludge and the fine sand is enhanced, the obtained sludge micro powder is more uniform, and the stirring time is reduced, so that the energy consumption and time in the sludge micro powder preparation process are indirectly reduced by adding the fine sand, and the preparation cost is reduced.
According to the preparation method of the sludge micro powder, drying at 100 ℃ or higher for several hours is not needed, and bacterial and microorganism death caused by high temperature is reduced by adopting vacuum freeze drying, so that the activity of the sludge micro powder is improved.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the sludge to the sand is (1.2-1.5): 2 (e.g., 1.2:2, 1.5:2, or 1.3:2).
Preferably, the sand has a diameter of 0.05 to 4mm (e.g. 0.05mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm or 4 mm).
Preferably, the water content of the sludge is 40% -75% (e.g., 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% or 75%).
Preferably, the freezing time is 2.5 to 3.5 hours (e.g., 2.5 hours, 2.75 hours, 3.0 hours, 3.25 hours, or 3.5 hours).
Preferably, the vacuum degree of the vacuum freeze drying is less than or equal to-0.05 Mpa.
Preferably, the temperature of the vacuum freeze drying is-45 to 0 ℃ (e.g., -45 ℃, -40 ℃, -30 ℃, -20 ℃, -10 ℃, -5 ℃ or 0 ℃).
Preferably, the vacuum freeze drying time is 24 to 32 hours (e.g., 24 hours, 28 hours, 30 hours, or 32 hours).
Preferably, the stirring speed is 3000-5000 r/min (for example 3000r/min, 3500r/min, 4000r/min, 4500r/min or 5000 r/min).
Preferably, the stirring and pulverizing time is 20 to 30 minutes (e.g., 20 minutes, 22 minutes, 26 minutes, 28 minutes, or 30 minutes).
Preferably, the particle size of the sludge fine powder is 20 to 250 μm (for example, 20 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm or 250 μm).
Preferably, the preparation method of the sludge micro powder further comprises screening the third mixture.
The sludge micropowder and the sand are separated by sieving, and the separated sand can be recycled.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also relates to a sludge micropowder, which is mainly prepared by the preparation method of the sludge micropowder.
The sludge micropowder has higher biological activity and can serve as a crystal nucleus in the sludge granulation process.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also relates to a device for implementing the preparation method of the sludge micro powder, which comprises a stirring and mixing area, a freezing and solidifying area and a drying and crushing area which are sequentially arranged;
the discharge port at the bottom of the stirring and mixing zone is connected with the feed port at the top of the freezing and solidifying zone; the discharge hole at the bottom of the freezing and solidifying zone is connected with the feed hole at the top of the drying and crushing zone;
a first stirring device is arranged in the stirring and mixing area;
a first gas storage chamber, a mould layer and a second gas storage chamber are respectively arranged in the freezing and solidifying area from top to bottom;
and a second stirring device is arranged in the drying and crushing area.
The preparation device of the sludge micro powder has reasonable structural arrangement and can prepare the sludge micro powder with excellent quality.
Preferably, the outer walls of the freezing and solidifying area and the drying and crushing area are provided with heat insulation layers.
Preferably, the outer wall of the heat insulation layer is provided with a cooling pipe in a surrounding manner.
Preferably, a first feed inlet and a second feed inlet are formed in the top of the stirring and mixing zone.
Preferably, the first feeding port is a sludge feeding port.
Preferably, the second feeding port is a fine sand feeding port.
Preferably, the first stirring device comprises a first stirring shaft and a first stirring paddle, wherein the first stirring shaft is vertically arranged and is connected with a first driving device positioned outside the top of the stirring and mixing zone.
Preferably, a first valve is arranged at a discharge hole at the bottom of the stirring and mixing zone.
Preferably, a discharge hole at the bottom of the stirring and mixing zone is provided with a first valve baffle matched with the first valve.
Preferably, the first valve flap comprises a semi-circular shape.
Preferably, the freezing and solidifying zone is internally provided with a first gas storage chamber, a mould layer and a second gas storage chamber from top to bottom.
Preferably, a baffle is arranged between the freezing and solidifying zone and the drying and crushing zone.
The baffles are divided into a non-porous baffle (type I) and a porous baffle (type II), the shape of the baffle is consistent with that of the bottom surface of the die layer, and the two baffles 20 are provided with sealing rings and are switched through rotating shafts.
Preferably, a first supercharging device connecting port, a water inlet and a first exhaust port are arranged on the side wall of the first gas storage chamber.
Preferably, a first pressure sensing device is provided on top of the mould layer.
Preferably, a second supercharging device connection port and a second exhaust port are arranged on the side wall of the second gas storage chamber.
Preferably, a vacuum device connection port and an air inlet are arranged on the side wall at the top of the drying and crushing area.
Preferably, the vacuum device connection port is provided with a dust screen.
Preferably, a temperature sensing device and a second pressure sensing device are arranged on the side wall at the top of the drying and crushing zone.
Preferably, the second stirring device comprises a second stirring shaft and a second stirring paddle, the second stirring shaft is vertically arranged, and the second stirring shaft is connected with a second driving device positioned outside the bottom of the drying and crushing zone.
Preferably, a material outlet is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the drying and crushing zone.
As shown in figure 1, the preparation device of the sludge micro powder mainly comprises a stirring and mixing area, a freezing and solidifying area and a drying and crushing area, wherein the stirring and mixing area is arranged at the upper part of the device, the freezing and solidifying area is arranged at the middle part of the device, and the drying and crushing area is arranged at the lower part of the device. The external devices include a motor, a booster pump, a sieving machine, a refrigerator and a vacuum pump.
As shown in fig. 2, the stirring and mixing area of the device provided by the invention consists of a first feeding port, a second feeding port, a first stirring device, a semicircular baffle and a first valve, wherein the first feeding port and the second feeding port are positioned at the upper part of the device, the first stirring device is positioned in the device, and the semicircular baffle is positioned above the first valve and is attached to the bottom of the stirring and mixing area.
As shown in FIG. 3, the freeze-solidification zone of the apparatus provided by the present invention may divide three areas of the first gas storage chamber, the second gas storage chamber and the mold layer. The first gas storage chamber and the second gas storage chamber are respectively provided with an exhaust port and a booster pump connecting port. The pressure sensor is located above the mold layer. The baffle is positioned at the lowest part of the freezing and solidifying zone.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the drying and crushing area of the device, the upper part of the area of the vacuum pump connection port, the dust screen, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor is provided with a material outlet which is positioned at the lower part of the drying and crushing area.
According to the preparation device of the sludge micro powder, the electric control console of the instrument is used for controlling the sludge micro powder, the sludge micro powder and the fine sand enter the stirring and mixing area from the first feeding port and the second feeding port, the first driving device is started for stirring and mixing, the mixing is complete, and the first driving device is closed. The baffle is set to be I type, the blast booster pump of the second gas storage chamber and the first exhaust port of the first gas storage chamber are started, the first valve is opened, the power of the booster pump is regulated to ensure that sludge does not enter the die layer, and sludge splashing does not occur. After the sludge completely enters the first gas storage chamber, the first valve, the blast booster pump of the second gas storage chamber and the first exhaust valve of the first gas storage chamber are closed. And adjusting a second air outlet of the second air storage chamber and a blast booster pump of the first air storage chamber to enable sludge to completely enter the mould layer, closing a connecting port of the second air outlet of the second air storage chamber and a first booster device of the first air storage chamber, and starting a cooling device until the sludge is completely solidified. The baffle is set to be II type, and a blast booster pump of the first gas storage chamber is started to press the sludge into the drying and crushing area. The first exhaust port of the first gas storage chamber is opened to equalize the pressure. Setting the baffle plate as I type, starting the vacuum pump and the cooling device, vacuum drying, closing the vacuum pump when the pressure is lower than-0.05 Mpa, starting the vacuum pump when the pressure is increased to 0Mpa, and repeating the steps until the vacuum drying is completed. The vacuum pump was turned off and the agitator pulverizer was started. And (5) stirring and crushing, and discharging. And (3) screening by a screening machine, recycling fine sand, and obtaining the sludge micropowder as a finished product.
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
The preparation method of the sludge micro powder provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening 3.5kg of commercial yellow sand by a vibrating screen to obtain 1-2mm fine sand;
(2) Taking 1.5kg of excess sludge discharged from a concentration tank of a sewage plant and 2kg of fine sand screened in the step (1), and adding the excess sludge and the fine sand into a stirrer from a feed inlet;
(3) Starting a stirrer motor, stirring for 1h, and turning off the motor;
(4) The baffle plate 20 was set to be type I, and the blower booster pump of the second gas storage chamber 28 was started, and the flow rate was set to be 2.7m 3 And/h, simultaneously opening the exhaust valve of the first gas storage chamber 27, opening the first valve 12, closing the first valve 12, the blower booster pump of the second gas storage chamber 28 and the first valve 15min laterAn exhaust valve of a gas storage chamber 27;
(5) The blower booster pump of the first gas storage chamber 27 was turned on, and the flow rate was set to 0.75m 3 Opening the exhaust valve of the second gas storage chamber 28, closing the exhaust valve of the second gas storage chamber 28 and the blower booster pump connection port of the first gas storage chamber 27 when the pressure sensor indication of the mold layer 16 is not 0, starting the cooling device, and closing the cooling device of the cooling solidification area after 3 hours;
(6) Setting the baffle 20 as type II, starting the blower booster pump of the first gas storage chamber 27, and setting the flow rate to 10m 3 Pressing the sludge into a drying and crushing area 3; when the pressure sensor indication of the mold layer 16 is 0, opening the exhaust valve equilibrium pressure of the first gas storage chamber 27;
(7) Setting a baffle 20 as a type I, starting a vacuum pump and a cooling device, vacuum drying, closing the vacuum pump when the pressure is lower than-0.05 Mpa, starting the vacuum pump when the pressure is increased to 0Mpa, repeating the steps until the pressure is always lower than-0.05 Mpa, closing the vacuum pump after 15min, opening an air inlet, and closing the cooling device;
(8) Starting a stirring pulverizer, stirring and pulverizing for 30min, discharging, and sieving the sludge micropowder by a sieving machine to obtain the finished product.
Example 2
The preparation method of the sludge micro powder provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening 3.5kg of commercial yellow sand by a vibrating screen to obtain 2-4mm fine sand;
(2) Taking 1.5kg of excess sludge discharged from a concentration tank of a sewage plant and 2kg of fine sand screened in the step (1), and adding the excess sludge and the fine sand into a stirrer from a feed inlet;
(3) Starting a stirrer motor, stirring for 1 hour, and turning off the motor;
(4) The baffle plate 20 was set to be type I, and the blower booster pump of the second gas storage chamber 28 was started, and the flow rate was set to be 2.7m 3 And/h, simultaneously opening the exhaust valve of the first gas storage chamber 27, opening the first valve 12, and closing the first valve 12, the blast booster pump of the second gas storage chamber 28 and the exhaust valve of the first gas storage chamber 27 after 12 min;
(5) Open the firstA blower booster pump of a gas storage chamber 27, the flow rate was set to 0.75m 3 Opening the exhaust valve of the second gas storage chamber 28, closing the exhaust valve of the second gas storage chamber 28 and the blower booster pump connection port of the first gas storage chamber 27 when the pressure sensor indication of the mold layer 16 is not 0, starting the cooling device, and closing the cooling device of the cooling solidification area after 3 hours;
(6) Setting the baffle 20 to be type II, starting the blower booster pump of the first gas storage chamber 27, and setting the flow rate to be 8m 3 And/h, pressing the sludge into a drying and crushing zone 3. When the indication number of the pressure sensor of the die lamination is 0, opening the exhaust valve balance pressure of the first gas storage chamber 27;
(7) Setting a baffle 20 as a type I, starting a vacuum pump and a cooling device, vacuum drying, closing the vacuum pump when the pressure is lower than-0.05 Mpa, starting the vacuum pump when the pressure is increased to 0Mpa, repeating the steps until the pressure is always lower than-0.05 Mpa, closing the vacuum pump after 15min, opening an air inlet, and closing the cooling device;
(8) Starting a stirring pulverizer, stirring and pulverizing for 20min, discharging, and sieving the sludge micropowder by a sieving machine to obtain the finished product.
Example 3
The preparation method of the sludge micro powder provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening 3.5kg of commercial yellow sand by a vibrating screen to obtain 1-2mm fine sand;
(2) Squeezing and dehydrating 5kg of excess sludge discharged from a sewage plant;
(3) Taking 1.2kg of extrusion dehydration sludge and 2kg of fine sand after sieving, and adding the sludge into a stirrer from a feed inlet;
(4) Starting a stirrer motor, stirring for 1 hour, and turning off the motor;
(5) The baffle plate 20 was set to be type I, and the blower booster pump of the second gas storage chamber 28 was started, and the flow rate was set to be 2.7m 3 And/h, simultaneously opening the exhaust valve of the first gas storage chamber 27, opening the first valve 12, and closing the first valve 12, the blast booster pump of the second gas storage chamber 28 and the exhaust valve of the first gas storage chamber 27 after 12 min;
(6) Opening a first gas storeThe blower booster pump of the chamber 27 was set to a flow rate of 0.75m 3 Opening the exhaust valve of the second gas storage chamber 28, closing the exhaust valve of the second gas storage chamber 28 and the blower booster pump connection port of the first gas storage chamber 27 when the pressure sensor indication of the mold layer 16 is not 0, starting the cooling device, and closing the cooling device of the cooling solidification area after 3 hours;
(7) Setting the baffle 20 to be type II, starting the blower booster pump of the first gas storage chamber 27, and setting the flow rate to be 8m 3 Pressing sludge into the drying and crushing area 3, and opening the exhaust valve balance pressure of the first gas storage chamber 27 when the indication number of the mold pressure sensor is 0;
(8) Setting a baffle 20 as a type I, starting a vacuum pump and a cooling device, vacuum drying, closing the vacuum pump when the pressure is lower than-0.05 Mpa, starting the vacuum pump when the pressure is increased to 0Mpa, repeating the steps until the pressure is always lower than-0.05 Mpa, closing the vacuum pump after 15min, opening an air inlet, and closing the cooling device;
(9) The stirring pulverizer is started. Stirring and crushing for 30min, discharging, and sieving the sludge micropowder by a sieving machine to obtain a finished product.
Example 4
The preparation method of the sludge micro powder provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening 3.5kg of commercial yellow sand by a vibrating screen to obtain 0.05mm fine sand;
(2) (5) the same as in example 3;
(6) The blower booster pump of the first gas storage chamber 27 was turned on, and the flow rate was set to 0.75m 3 Opening the exhaust valve of the second gas storage chamber 28, closing the exhaust valve of the second gas storage chamber 28 and the blower booster pump connection port of the first gas storage chamber 27 when the pressure sensor indication of the mold layer 16 is not 0, starting the cooling device, and closing the cooling device of the cooling solidification area after 2.8 hours;
(7) Same as in example 3;
(8) Setting a baffle 20 as a type I, starting a vacuum pump and a cooling device, vacuum drying, closing the vacuum pump when the pressure is lower than-0.05 Mpa, starting the vacuum pump when the pressure is increased to 0Mpa, repeating the steps until the pressure is always lower than-0.05 Mpa, closing the vacuum pump after 14min, opening an air inlet, and closing the cooling device;
(9) Same as in example 3.
Example 5
The preparation method of the sludge micro powder provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) (4) the same as in example 1;
(5) The blower booster pump of the first gas storage chamber 27 was turned on, and the flow rate was set to 0.75m 3 Opening the exhaust valve of the second gas storage chamber 28, closing the exhaust valve of the second gas storage chamber 28 and the blower booster pump connection port of the first gas storage chamber 27 when the pressure sensor indication of the mold layer 16 is not 0, starting the cooling device, and closing the cooling device of the cooling solidification area after 3.2 hours;
(6) As in example 1;
(7) Setting a baffle 20 as a type I, starting a vacuum pump and a cooling device, vacuum drying, closing the vacuum pump when the pressure is lower than-0.05 Mpa, starting the vacuum pump when the pressure is increased to 0Mpa, repeating the steps until the pressure is always lower than-0.05 Mpa for 16min, closing the vacuum pump, opening an air inlet, and closing the cooling device;
(8) As in example 1.
Example 6
The device for implementing the preparation method of the sludge micro powder provided by the embodiment comprises a stirring and mixing area 1, a freezing and solidifying area 2 and a drying and crushing area 3 which are sequentially arranged as shown in figures 1 to 4; the discharge port at the bottom of the stirring and mixing zone 1 is connected with the feed port at the top of the freezing and solidifying zone 2; the discharge port at the bottom of the freezing and solidifying zone 2 is connected with the feed port at the top of the drying and crushing zone 3; a first stirring device 10 is arranged in the stirring and mixing zone 1; a first gas storage chamber 27, a mould layer 16 and a second gas storage chamber 28 are arranged in the freezing and solidifying zone 2 from top to bottom; a baffle 20 is arranged between the freezing and solidifying zone 2 and the drying and crushing zone 3; a second stirring device 24 is arranged in the drying and crushing zone 3; the outer walls of the freezing and solidifying area 2 and the drying and crushing area 3 are provided with heat preservation layers 7; the outer wall of the heat preservation layer 7 is provided with a cooling pipe 6 in a surrounding mode; the top of the stirring and mixing zone 1 is provided with a first feeding port 8 and a second feeding port 9; the first stirring device 10 comprises a first stirring shaft 29 and a first stirring paddle 30, the first stirring shaft 29 is vertically arranged, and the first stirring shaft 29 is connected with a first driving device 4 positioned outside the top of the stirring and mixing zone 1; a first valve 12 is arranged at a discharge hole at the bottom of the stirring and mixing zone 1; a discharge hole at the bottom of the stirring and mixing zone 1 is provided with a first valve baffle 11 matched with the first valve 12; a first supercharging device connection port 13, a water inlet 14 and a first exhaust port 15 are arranged on the side wall of the first gas storage chamber 27; a first pressure sensing device 17 is arranged on top of the mould layer 16; a second supercharging device connection port 18 and a second exhaust port 19 are provided on the side wall of the second gas storage chamber 28; the side wall of the top of the drying and crushing zone 3 is provided with a vacuum device connecting port 21 and an air inlet 22; a temperature sensing device 25 and a second pressure sensing device 26 are arranged on the side wall of the top of the drying and crushing zone 3; the second stirring device 24 comprises a second stirring shaft 31 and a second stirring paddle 32, the second stirring shaft 31 is vertically arranged, and the second stirring shaft 31 is connected with a second driving device 5 positioned outside the bottom of the drying and crushing zone 3; the side wall of the bottom of the drying and crushing zone 3 is provided with a material outlet 23.
Comparative example 1
The method for producing the sludge fine powder according to this example differs from example 1 only in that fine sand is not added.
Without adding fine sand, the time required for freezing the mold layer 16 is increased by 0.5h, and the vacuum drying time is increased by 4-8h. The specific heat capacity of sand is about 0.92×10 3 J/(kg ℃ C.), the thermal conductivity is about 0.27w/m; specific heat capacity of water is about 4.2×10 3 J/(kg ℃ C.), the thermal conductivity is about 0.55w/m. Compared with the adding of fine sand, the water content in the mixture is increased by 20% -60%, the mass of the mixture is reduced by 25% -40%, the specific heat capacity is increased by 70% -120%, the power of the same refrigerator is 1 piece, and the cooling time is increased by 15% -35% under the same volume. Due to the addition of fine sand, in the vacuum drying process, the surface is firstly dried in vacuum, and the fine sand falls off from the slender cylindrical mixture due to gravity, so that the interior of the mixture can be dried quickly. Without adding fine sandWhen the sludge is used, the drying efficiency can only be improved by increasing the power of the vacuum pump.
Comparative example 2
The method for producing sludge fine powder according to this example is different from example 1 only in that the fine sand has a particle size of 6 to 8mm.
The mature granular sludge has a particle size of 200-700 μm and increasing the particle size of fine sand requires increasing the diameter of the cylinder inside the mould layer 16. The diameter of the slender cylindrical mixture is increased, the freezing time and the power consumption are improved, and the method is different from direct sludge freeze drying.
While the invention has been illustrated and described with reference to specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical aspects of the invention and not restrictive thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the technical features thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions; it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such alternatives and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. The preparation device of the sludge micro powder is characterized by comprising a stirring and mixing area, a freezing and solidifying area and a drying and crushing area which are sequentially arranged;
the discharge port at the bottom of the stirring and mixing zone is connected with the feed port at the top of the freezing and solidifying zone; the discharge hole at the bottom of the freezing and solidifying zone is connected with the feed hole at the top of the drying and crushing zone;
a first stirring device is arranged in the stirring and mixing area;
a first gas storage chamber, a mould layer and a second gas storage chamber are arranged in the freezing and solidifying area from top to bottom;
a second stirring device is arranged in the drying and crushing area;
the preparation device of the sludge micro powder is controlled by an instrument electric control console, sludge and fine sand enter a stirring and mixing area from a first feed inlet and a second feed inlet, a first driving device is started for stirring and mixing, the mixing is complete, and the first driving device is closed; setting a baffle plate as I type, starting a blast booster pump of a second gas storage chamber and a first exhaust port of a first gas storage chamber, opening a first valve, and adjusting the power of the booster pump to prevent sludge from entering a mould layer and prevent sludge from splashing; after the sludge completely enters the first gas storage chamber, closing the first valve, the blast booster pump of the second gas storage chamber and the first exhaust valve of the first gas storage chamber; regulating a second air outlet of the second air storage chamber and a blast booster pump of the first air storage chamber to enable sludge to completely enter the mold layer, closing a connecting port of the second air outlet of the second air storage chamber and a first booster device of the first air storage chamber, and starting a cooling device until the sludge is completely solidified; setting a baffle plate as II type, starting a blast booster pump of a first gas storage chamber to press sludge into a drying and crushing area; opening a first exhaust port of the first gas storage chamber to balance pressure; setting a baffle plate as I type, starting a vacuum pump and a cooling device, vacuum drying, closing the vacuum pump when the pressure is lower than-0.05 Mpa, starting the vacuum pump when the pressure is increased to 0Mpa, and repeating the steps until the vacuum pump is completely dried; turning off the vacuum pump to start the stirring pulverizer; stirring and crushing are completed, and discharging is carried out; sieving with sieving machine, recycling fine sand, and making the sludge micropowder into final product;
the method for preparing the sludge micro powder by adopting the preparation device of the sludge micro powder comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing the sludge and the fine sand, and freezing to obtain a first mixture; vacuum freeze-drying the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; stirring and crushing the second mixture to obtain a third mixture;
the mass ratio of the sludge to the fine sand is (1.2-1.5): 2;
the diameter of the fine sand is 0.05-4 mm;
the water content of the sludge is 40% -75%;
the vacuum degree of the vacuum freeze drying is more than or equal to 0.05Mpa;
the temperature of vacuum freeze drying is-45-0 ℃;
the vacuum freeze drying time is 24-32 h;
the freezing time is 2.5-3.5 hours;
the stirring rotating speed is 3000-5000 r/min;
the stirring and crushing time is 20-30 min;
the grain size of the sludge micro powder is 20-250 mu m.
2. The apparatus for producing sludge fine powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for producing sludge fine powder further comprises sieving the third mixture.
3. The apparatus for preparing the sludge micropowder according to claim 1, wherein the outer walls of the freeze coagulation zone and the dry pulverizing zone are provided with heat-insulating layers;
the outer wall of heat preservation encircles and sets up the cooling tube.
4. The apparatus for preparing sludge micropowder according to claim 1, wherein a first feed inlet and a second feed inlet are provided at the top of the stirring and mixing zone.
5. The apparatus for preparing sludge micropowder according to claim 1, wherein the first stirring device comprises a first stirring shaft and a first stirring paddle, the first stirring shaft is arranged vertically, and the first stirring shaft is connected with a first driving device positioned outside the top of the stirring and mixing zone.
6. The apparatus for preparing sludge micropowder according to claim 1, wherein the outlet at the bottom of the stirring and mixing zone is provided with a first valve.
7. The device for preparing sludge micro powder according to claim 1, wherein a discharge hole at the bottom of the stirring and mixing area is provided with a first valve baffle matched with the first valve.
8. The apparatus for producing sludge fine powder according to claim 1, wherein a first supercharging device connection port, a water inlet port, and a first air outlet port are provided on a side wall of the first gas storage chamber.
9. The apparatus for preparing sludge micropowder according to claim 1, wherein a first pressure sensor is provided on top of the mould layer.
10. The apparatus for producing sludge fine powder according to claim 1, wherein a second pressurizing device connection port and a second exhaust port are provided on a side wall of the second gas storage chamber.
11. The apparatus for preparing sludge micropowder according to claim 1, wherein a vacuum device connection port and an air inlet are provided on the side wall of the top of the drying and pulverizing zone.
12. The apparatus for preparing sludge micropowder according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the top of the drying and pulverizing zone is provided with a temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor.
13. The apparatus for preparing sludge micro powder according to claim 1, wherein the second stirring device comprises a second stirring shaft and a second stirring paddle, the second stirring shaft is vertically arranged, and the second stirring shaft is connected with a second driving device positioned outside the bottom of the drying and pulverizing area.
14. The apparatus for preparing sludge micropowder according to claim 1, wherein a material outlet is provided on the side wall of the bottom of the drying and pulverizing zone.
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