CN114714928A - Charging system of electric automobile and control method thereof - Google Patents
Charging system of electric automobile and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114714928A CN114714928A CN202210394243.2A CN202210394243A CN114714928A CN 114714928 A CN114714928 A CN 114714928A CN 202210394243 A CN202210394243 A CN 202210394243A CN 114714928 A CN114714928 A CN 114714928A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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Abstract
The invention provides a charging system of an electric automobile and a control method thereof, wherein the charging system comprises: the charging modules are used for providing direct current electric energy; the charging terminals are used for being connected with the electric automobile, and the number of the charging modules is larger than or equal to that of the charging terminals; a power distribution unit connected between the charging modules and the charging terminals, the power distribution unit being configured to connect any one or more of the charging modules to one of the charging terminals according to a required power of the electric vehicle, the power distribution unit including: a matrix distribution network formed by a plurality of switch units, the switch units comprising solid state switches. The power distribution unit of the invention adopts the solid-state switch to distribute a proper number of charging modules for the charging terminal, and has the advantages of high safety, long service life, high reliability, high response speed, low driving power, small volume and light weight, thereby not only reducing the cost, but also improving the charging efficiency and the utilization rate of the charging modules.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electricity, in particular to a charging system of an electric automobile and a control method of the charging system of the electric automobile.
Background
With the rapid development of the electric automobile industry, electric automobiles with various models exist in the market at present, and the required charging power is different. In a charging system with multiple charging terminals, a fixed power distribution mode is adopted at first, the maximum power value which can be provided by each charging terminal is a fixed value, a distribution mode combining fixed power and dynamic power is developed subsequently, and the power utilization rate of a charging module is improved to a limited extent. In order to maximize the utilization rate of the charging modules, the charging system with multiple charging terminals needs to dynamically allocate all the charging modules for each charging terminal according to information such as the power requirement of a vehicle being charged.
At present, the common power distribution mode is to use a mechanical switch as a basic device to form a distribution circuit, and two ends of the mechanical switch are directly connected to a charging module and a charging terminal respectively. However, mechanical switches such as contactors, relays, circuit breakers, etc. have the following problems:
1. the service life of the mechanical switch is short, the live current switching service life of the mechanical switch is usually only hundreds of times, and the service life of the mechanical switch is greatly reduced along with the increase of the switching current, although the mechanical switch can be switched in a zero-voltage and zero-current state by controlling the output of the charging module, the live switching is inevitably needed in some emergency situations.
2. The safety performance is poor, the service life of the mechanical switch can be greatly reduced in the live-line switching process, electric arcs can be generated in the switching process, the fire risk exists, the mechanical switch only provides a mechanical contact to provide a path for current, the current flow direction is not limited, therefore, reverse current can pass through the mechanical switch under special conditions, and the charging system can be damaged
3. The cost is high and the number of mechanical switches required is large for high power charging systems, and therefore the power required to drive these switches can be hundreds of watts, which is not economical from both a power and material standpoint.
4. The response speed is slow, the action time of the mechanical switch usually needs tens of milliseconds, and the quick breaking capacity is poor.
5. The size is large, and in order to meet the high-voltage and high-current requirements of a multi-charging-terminal charging system, the mechanical switch monomer which needs to be adopted is large in size and large in quantity, and occupies more volume and weight of the charging power cabinet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a charging system for an electric vehicle is provided.
The embodiment of the second aspect of the invention provides a control method for a charging system of an electric automobile.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a charging system for an electric vehicle, including: a plurality of charging modules for providing direct current electrical energy; the charging terminals are used for being connected with the electric automobile, and the number of the charging modules is larger than or equal to that of the charging terminals; a power distribution unit connected between the charging module and the charging terminals, the power distribution unit being configured to connect any one or more of the charging modules to one of the charging terminals according to a required power of an electric vehicle, the power distribution unit including: a matrix distribution network of a plurality of switching cells, the switching cells comprising solid state switches.
The charging system of the electric vehicle of the invention also has the following additional technical characteristics:
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the matrix allocation network specifically includes: a first switch group including a plurality of switch units respectively connected between each of the charging modules and each of the charging terminals.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the matrix allocation network further comprises: the second switch group comprises a plurality of switch units, one end of each switch unit in the second switch group is respectively connected with the charging modules in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the other end of each switch unit in the second switch group is connected with the switch units in the first switch group, and each switch unit in the first switch group is connected between the other end of each switch unit in the second switch group and each charging terminal in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the switching unit in the first switching group or the second switching group includes: the two ends of the positive path are respectively a positive input end and a positive output end of the switch unit, and a solid-state switch which is unidirectionally conductive from the positive input end to the positive output end is arranged between the two ends of the positive path, or a bidirectionally conductive solid-state switch which cannot be reversely conducted when no switching-on signal exists, or a bidirectionally conductive composite switch which is composed of a plurality of solid-state switches and cannot be reversely conducted when no switching-on signal exists; the negative circuit, the both ends on negative circuit are respectively the negative input end and the negative output end of switch unit, set up one solid state switch by the one-way electrically conductive of negative output end to negative input end between the both ends on negative circuit, perhaps, the two-way electrically conductive solid state switch that can't reverse switch on when no opening signal, or the two-way electrically conductive composite switch that can't reverse switch on when no opening signal is constituteed by a plurality of solid state switches.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the solid state switches in at least one of the positive and negative paths are controllable solid state switches.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) is disposed between two ends of the positive path, and an IGBT is disposed between two ends of the negative path.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, an IGBT is disposed between two ends of the positive path, and a diode is disposed between two ends of the negative path.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a composite switch formed by two Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect transistors (MOSFETs) with connected sources is disposed between two ends of the positive path, and a diode is disposed between two ends of the negative path.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the second switch group further comprises: a snubber circuit disposed across the solid state switches in the positive path and the negative path in the second switch bank.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling a charging system of an electric vehicle according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided, including: after receiving charging request information sent by the charging terminal, acquiring the charging terminal corresponding to the charging request information; determining a charging module providing direct current electric energy; controlling a switch unit connected between a charging terminal corresponding to the charging request information and the charging module providing the direct current electric energy in the first switch group to be closed; and controlling the switch units connected with the charging module for providing the direct current electric energy in the second switch group to be closed.
The control method of the charging system of the electric vehicle further has the following additional technical characteristics:
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the control method of the charging system of the electric vehicle further includes the following steps: after charging completion information sent by the charging terminal is received, the charging terminal corresponding to the charging completion information is obtained; acquiring a charging module for providing direct current electric energy for the charging terminal; controlling a switch unit connected with the charging module for providing the direct current electric energy in the second switch group to be disconnected; and controlling a switch unit connected between the charging terminal corresponding to the charging information and the charging module providing the direct current electric energy in the first switch group to be disconnected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the power distribution unit of the invention adopts the solid-state switch to distribute a proper number of charging modules for the charging terminal, and has the advantages of high safety, long service life, high reliability, high response speed, low driving power, small volume and light weight, thereby not only reducing the cost, but also improving the charging efficiency and the utilization rate of the charging modules.
2. According to the invention, the absorption circuit is only arranged on the solid-state switch in the first switch unit group directly connected with the charging module, so that the problem of the turn-off voltage peak of each solid-state switch in the power distribution unit can be solved by using the number of the absorption circuits as small as possible, and the voltage stress and the current stress of the device are reduced.
3. The switch unit in the power distribution unit adopts a one-way conductive design, so that the problem that the safety of the charging vehicles is threatened due to the fact that two charging vehicles generate circulation currents between the vehicles because of inconsistent battery voltages can be solved, the reverse current from the electric vehicle to the charging module through the charging terminal can be prevented, and the charging module is prevented from being damaged by the reverse current.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a switching unit according to a first example of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a switching unit according to a second example of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a switching unit according to a third example of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a control method of a charging system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of a charging system of an electric vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a charging system of an electric vehicle according to one specific example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the charging system includes: the charging system includes a plurality of charging modules, a plurality of charging terminals, and a power distribution unit connected between the charging modules and the charging terminals.
The charging module is used for providing direct current electric energy; the charging terminals are used for connecting the electric automobile, and the number of the charging modules is larger than or equal to that of the charging terminals; the power distribution unit is used for connecting any one or more of the charging modules to one of the charging terminals according to the required power of the electric automobile, and comprises: a matrix distribution network formed by a plurality of switch units, the switch units comprising solid state switches. The numbers in FIG. 1 only represent the numbers of the charging modules or the charging terminals, and the numbers are continuous, m and n are natural numbers, and m is larger than or equal to n.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the power distribution unit performs power distribution by using a switching unit formed by solid-state switches, including but not limited to Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs), IGBTs, IGCTs (Integrated Gate-Commutated thyristors), MOSFETs, SiC-MOSFETs (silicon carbide-metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors), SiC-MOSFETs of composite structures, GaN (gallium nitride), and the like. The power distribution unit can connect any one or more of the m charging modules to one of the n charging terminals, the power distribution unit realizes flexible power distribution among the charging terminals by taking the maximum power of the charging modules as the minimum step, and the flexible power distribution refers to dynamically allocating a proper number of power modules to the electric vehicle connected with the charging terminals according to information such as power requirements of the vehicle under charging and the like. From this, the power distribution unit adopts solid state switch to distribute the module of charging of suitable quantity for charging terminal, and not only the security is high, longe-lived, the reliability is high, response speed is fast, and driving power is low, small, light in weight to not only can reduce cost, can also improve the charge efficiency and the utilization ratio of the module of charging.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the matrix allocation network specifically includes: a first switch group Q including a plurality of switch units Q11-Qmn respectively connected between each charging module and each charging terminal.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the matrix allocation network may further include: and the second switch group S comprises a plurality of switch units S1-Sm, one end of each switch unit in the second switch group is respectively connected with the charging modules in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the other end of each switch unit in the second switch group is connected with the plurality of switch units in the first switch group Q, and each switch unit in the first switch group is connected between the other end of each switch unit in the second switch group and each charging terminal in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the second switch group S includes m switch units, the first switch group Q includes m × n switch units, and one or more switch units in the second switch group S and one switch unit in the first switch group Q are controlled to be closed, so that any one or more of the charging modules can be connected to one of the charging terminals.
Still further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the switching unit in the second switching group S or the first switching group Q includes: the switch comprises a positive path and a negative path, wherein two ends of the positive path are respectively a positive input end + Vin and a positive output end + Out of a switch unit, a solid-state switch which is unidirectionally conductive from the positive input end + Vin to the positive output end + Out is arranged between two ends of the positive path, or a bidirectionally conductive solid-state switch which cannot be reversely conducted when no opening signal exists, or a bidirectionally conductive composite switch which consists of a plurality of solid-state switches and cannot be reversely conducted when no opening signal exists; the two ends of the negative path are respectively a negative input end-Vin and a negative output end-Out of the switch unit, a solid-state switch which is unidirectionally conductive from the negative output end-Out to the negative input end-Vin is arranged between the two ends of the negative path, or a bidirectionally conductive solid-state switch which cannot be reversely conducted when no opening signal exists, or a bidirectionally conductive composite switch which is composed of a plurality of solid-state switches and cannot be reversely conducted when no opening signal exists.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the solid-state switch in at least one of the positive path and the negative path is a controllable solid-state switch.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, if a solid-state switch of bidirectional conduction that cannot be conducted reversely without an on signal is disposed between two ends of the positive path, and a solid-state switch of bidirectional conduction that cannot be conducted reversely without an on signal is disposed between two ends of the negative path, an IGBT may be disposed between two ends of the positive path, and an IGBT is disposed between two ends of the negative path, the positive input end of the positive path is connected to the collector of the IGBT, the positive output end + Out of the positive path is connected to the emitter of the IGBT, the negative input end-Vin of the negative path is connected to the emitter of the IGBT, and the negative output end-Out of the negative path is connected to the collector of the IGBT.
It can be understood that when the battery voltages of two charging vehicles respectively connected to two charging terminals are different, the charging terminal bus voltage corresponding to the vehicle with high battery voltage is applied to the charging terminal bus corresponding to the vehicle with low battery voltage through another set of anti-parallel diodes of the non-conducting switch, which may cause the vehicle with high battery voltage to discharge to the vehicle with low battery voltage and the charging module connected thereto, thereby seriously affecting the charging safety of the charging vehicles and the charging facilities. And, if the vehicle takes place the electric current backward flow in the charging process, also can seriously influence the charging safety.
To this end, the present invention employs the use of a unidirectional conductive solid state switch in the switching cell. Specifically, as an example, as shown in fig. 3, if the switching unit uses a unidirectional conductive solid-state switch, the circuit configuration thereof may be: a solid-state switch which is conducted in a bidirectional mode and cannot be conducted reversely when no opening signal exists is arranged between two ends of a positive path, a solid-state switch which is conducted from a negative output end-Out to a negative input end-Vin in a unidirectional mode is arranged between two ends of a negative path, an IGBT can be arranged between two ends of the positive path, a diode is arranged between two ends of the negative path, a positive input end + Vin of the positive path is connected with a collector of the IGBT, a positive output end + Out of the positive path is connected with an emitter of the IGBT, a negative input end-Vin of the negative path is connected with a cathode of the diode, and a negative output end-Out of the negative path is connected with an anode of the diode.
As another example, as shown in fig. 4, if the switching unit uses a unidirectional conductive solid-state switch, the circuit structure may be: the composite switch is characterized in that a bidirectional conductive composite switch which is composed of a plurality of solid-state switches and cannot be conducted reversely when no opening signal exists is arranged between two ends of a positive path, a solid-state switch which is conducted from a negative output end-Out to a negative input end-Vin in a one-way mode is arranged between two ends of a negative path, specifically, a composite switch which is composed of two MOSFETs with connected sources can be arranged between two ends of the positive path, a diode is arranged between two ends of the negative path, the positive input end + Vin of the positive path is connected with one drain electrode of the composite switch, the positive output end + Out of the positive path is connected with the other drain electrode of the composite switch, the negative input end-Vin of the negative path is connected with the cathode of the diode, and the negative output end-Out of the negative path is connected with the anode of the diode.
It will be appreciated that the solid state switches in the positive and negative paths of fig. 3-4 may be interchanged and the purpose of the manner of connection of the devices is not changed.
Therefore, the switch unit in the second switch group S in the power distribution unit uses a one-way conductive solid-state switch to limit the direction of current, so that the reverse current from the electric automobile to the charging module through the charging terminal can be prevented, and the reverse current is prevented from damaging the charging module; the switch unit in the first switch group Q in the power distribution unit limits the direction of current by using a one-way conductive solid-state switch, so that the two charging vehicles can be prevented from generating circulation current between the vehicles due to the fact that the voltages of the batteries are inconsistent, and the safety of the charging vehicles is prevented from being threatened.
In the switching-off process of the switching unit, the two ends of the switching device bear high voltage due to voltage spikes induced on the line inductor, and such voltage spikes have no influence on the mechanical switch, but are very easy to break down and damage the solid-state switch, thereby threatening the safe operation of the whole charging system, so that the suppression of the voltage spikes is very necessary. To this end, in one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the second switch group S further includes: and a snubber circuit 100, the snubber circuit 100 being disposed across the solid state switches in the positive path and the negative path in the second switch group S.
Specifically, the absorption circuit 100 may be implemented by using a capacitor, a resistor, a diode, or the like, alone or in combination, for example, the capacitor may be used alone, or the resistor and the capacitor may be connected in series, or the resistor and the capacitor may be connected in parallel, or the capacitor, the resistor, the diode may be used to constitute RCD absorption, or the like. The absorption circuit 100 can absorb the oscillation and voltage and current spikes in the on and off processes of the solid-state switch, and reduce the voltage stress and current stress of the device. In a multi-terminal charging scenario, the absorption circuit 100 is only required to be arranged in the switch units S1-Sm in the second switch group S, and all the switch units in the first switch group Q do not need to be arranged in the absorption circuit, that is, the number of the absorption circuits 100 is equal to the number of the charging modules, so that the problem of off-voltage spikes of each solid-state switch in the power distribution unit can be solved with as few absorption circuits as possible, and the voltage stress and the current stress of the device are reduced.
In summary, according to the charging system of the electric vehicle in the embodiment of the invention, the power distribution unit adopts the solid-state switch to distribute a proper number of charging modules to the charging terminal, so that the charging system has the advantages of high safety, long service life, high reliability, high response speed, low driving power, small volume and light weight, and can reduce the cost and improve the charging efficiency and utilization rate of the charging modules; only the solid-state switches in the first switch unit group directly connected with the charging module are provided with the absorption circuits, so that the problem of the turn-off voltage peak of each solid-state switch in the power distribution unit can be solved by the number of the absorption circuits as small as possible, and the voltage stress and the current stress of the device are reduced; the switch unit in the power distribution unit adopts a one-way conductive design, so that the problem that the safety of a charging vehicle is threatened due to the fact that two charging vehicles generate circulation currents between the vehicles because of inconsistent battery voltages can be solved, the reverse current from the electric vehicle to the charging module through the charging terminal can be prevented, and the charging module is prevented from being damaged by the reverse current.
The invention further provides a control method of the charging system based on the electric automobile. As shown in fig. 5, the control method of the charging system of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
and step A, after receiving the charging request information sent by the charging terminal, acquiring the charging terminal corresponding to the charging request information.
The charging request information comprises information such as charging terminal information and charging power request corresponding to the charging request information.
And B, determining a charging module which needs to provide direct current electric energy.
Specifically, the charging module providing the direct-current electric energy can be determined according to information such as the charging power provided by the charging module and the requested charging power corresponding to the requested charging information.
And step C, controlling the switch unit connected between the charging terminal corresponding to the charging request information and the charging module needing to provide the direct current electric energy in the first switch group to be closed.
And D, controlling a switch unit connected with the charging module for providing the direct current electric energy in the second switch group to be closed.
It can be understood that, for any situation that the charging module needs to be switched from the non-charging state to the charging state, for example, the maximum power that can be provided by the charging module currently providing the dc power cannot meet the charging power requirement of the charging terminal, and when it is necessary to control other idle charging modules to provide the dc power, the control is performed in the manner of the above-described steps C-D, that is, the switch unit connected between the corresponding charging terminal and the charging module that needs to provide the dc power in the first switch group is first controlled to be closed, and then the switch unit connected with the charging module that needs to provide the dc power in the second switch group is controlled to be closed.
As shown in fig. 6, the control method of the charging system of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include the steps of:
and E, after receiving the charging completion information sent by the charging terminal, acquiring the charging terminal corresponding to the charging completion information.
And F, acquiring a charging module for providing the direct current energy for the charging terminal.
And G, controlling the switch unit connected with the charging module for providing the direct current electric energy in the second switch group to be disconnected.
And H, controlling the switch unit connected between the charging terminal corresponding to the charging information and the charging module providing the direct current electric energy in the first switch group to be disconnected.
It can be understood that, for any situation that the charging module needs to be switched from the charging state to the non-charging state, for example, the maximum power that can be provided by the charging module currently providing the dc power cannot be greater than the charging power requirement of the charging terminal, when the charging module needs to be controlled to be disconnected, the control is performed in the manner of the above-mentioned steps G-H, that is, the switch unit connected to the charging module that needs to be disconnected in the second switch group is controlled to be disconnected, and then the switch unit connected between the corresponding charging terminal and the charging module that needs to be disconnected in the first switch group is controlled to be disconnected.
For example, as shown in fig. 7, if the charging system of the electric vehicle includes 2 charging modules and 2 charging terminals, and an IGBT is disposed between two ends of a positive path and an IGBT is disposed between two ends of a negative path of a switch unit, when the electric vehicle is connected to the charging terminal 2, after receiving the charging request information sent by the charging terminal 2, the charging module 2 is called to be connected to the charging terminal 2, and the specific process is as follows:
and acquiring the charging terminal corresponding to the charging request information, determining that the charging terminal corresponding to the charging request information is the charging terminal 2, and determining that the charging module providing the direct current energy is the charging module 2. The Q22 in the first switch group is controlled to be closed, the S2 is not opened at the moment, no current passes through the switch unit Q22, and therefore the IGBT in the first switch group has no turn-on loss. Then, S2 in the second switch group is closed, and the charging module 2 starts charging the connected electric vehicle through the charging terminal 2.
As shown in fig. 7, after receiving the information of completing charging sent by the charging terminal 2, the charging system of the electric vehicle disconnects the charging module 2 from the charging terminal 2, and the specific process is as follows:
and acquiring the charging terminal corresponding to the charging information, determining that the charging terminal corresponding to the charging information is the charging terminal 2, and determining that the charging module providing the direct current energy for the charging terminal 2 is the charging module 2. And controlling the S2 in the second switch group S to be switched off, wherein a high voltage spike is induced on the line parasitic inductance due to the rapid reduction of the current of the two IGBTs in the S2, the voltage spike and the voltage at the two ends of the S2 are simultaneously applied between the collector and the emitter of the IGBT, if the voltage spike exceeds the withstand voltage value of the IGBT, the IGBT is broken down to damage a switch unit, but the voltage spike is suppressed due to the existence of the absorption circuit, so that the risk of the IGBT breaking down is reduced. At this time, the switching unit Q21 in the first switching group Q is still turned on and is not affected by the voltage spike. Then the switching unit Q22 in the first switching group is controlled to be turned off, at this time, S2 is already turned off, and there is no voltage across the switching unit Q22, so there is no risk of breakdown due to voltage spike, and therefore the corresponding absorption circuit can be omitted. Meanwhile, since there is no current when the switch is turned off, the IGBT in the switching unit Q22 has no turn-off loss.
As can be known from the above operation logic, in the process of disconnecting the charging module 2 from the charging terminal 2, only the switch unit S2 in the second switch group will bear the voltage spike and need the snubber circuit, and the switch unit Q22 in the first switch group does not bear the voltage spike, so that the first switch group does not need to be provided with the snubber circuit, and thus the problem of the off-voltage spike of each solid-state switch in the power distribution unit can be solved with as few snubber circuits as possible, and the voltage stress and the current stress of the device can be reduced.
In summary, according to the control method of the charging system of the electric vehicle in the embodiment of the invention, by limiting the action logic of the switch unit, not only the turn-on loss and the turn-off loss are low, but also the switch unit in the first switch group can be enabled not to bear the voltage spike when being turned off, so that the first switch group does not need to be provided with an absorption circuit, the problem of the turn-off voltage spike of each solid-state switch in the power distribution unit can be solved with the number of absorption circuits as small as possible, and the voltage stress and the current stress of the device can be reduced.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried out in the method of implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A charging system for an electric vehicle, comprising:
a plurality of charging modules for providing direct current electrical energy;
the charging terminals are used for being connected with the electric automobile, and the number of the charging modules is larger than or equal to that of the charging terminals;
a power distribution unit connected between the charging module and the charging terminals, the power distribution unit being configured to connect any one or more of the charging modules to one of the charging terminals according to a required power of an electric vehicle, the power distribution unit including: a matrix distribution network of a plurality of switching cells, the switching cells comprising solid state switches.
2. The charging system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the matrix distribution network comprises in particular:
a first switch group including a plurality of switch units respectively connected between each of the charging modules and each of the charging terminals.
3. The charging system for electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein the matrix distribution network further comprises:
the second switch group comprises a plurality of switch units, one end of each switch unit in the second switch group is respectively connected with the charging modules in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the other end of each switch unit in the second switch group is connected with the plurality of switch units in the first switch group, and each switch unit in the first switch group is connected between the other end of each switch unit in the second switch group and each charging terminal in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
4. The charging system for an electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the switch unit in the first switch group or the second switch group comprises:
the two ends of the positive path are respectively a positive input end and a positive output end of the switch unit, and a solid-state switch which is unidirectionally conductive from the positive input end to the positive output end is arranged between the two ends of the positive path, or a bidirectionally conductive solid-state switch which cannot be reversely conducted when no switching-on signal exists, or a bidirectionally conductive composite switch which is composed of a plurality of solid-state switches and cannot be reversely conducted when no switching-on signal exists;
the negative circuit, the both ends on negative circuit are respectively the negative input end and the negative output end of switch unit, set up one solid state switch by negative output end to negative input end one-way electrically conductive between the both ends on negative circuit, perhaps, can't reverse the two-way electrically conductive solid state switch who switches on when there is not the signal of opening, or the two-way electrically conductive composite switch who can't reverse the switch on when there is not the signal of opening that a plurality of solid state switches constitute.
5. The charging system of claim 3, wherein the solid state switch in at least one of the positive path and the negative path is a controllable solid state switch.
6. The charging system of claim 5, wherein an IGBT is disposed between two ends of the positive path, and a diode is disposed between two ends of the negative path.
7. The charging system of claim 5, wherein a compound switch of two source-connected MOSFETs is disposed between two ends of the positive path, and a diode is disposed between two ends of the negative path.
8. The charging system for an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the second switch group further comprises: a snubber circuit disposed across the solid state switches in the positive path and the negative path in the second switch bank.
9. A control method of a charging system of an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:
after receiving charging request information sent by the charging terminal, acquiring the charging terminal corresponding to the charging request information;
determining a charging module which needs to provide direct current electric energy;
controlling a switch unit connected between a charging terminal corresponding to the charging request information and the charging module providing the direct current electric energy in the first switch group to be closed;
and controlling the switch units connected with the charging module for providing the direct current electric energy in the second switch group to be closed.
10. The method for controlling the charging system for the electric vehicle according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:
after charging completion information sent by the charging terminal is received, the charging terminal corresponding to the charging completion information is obtained;
acquiring a charging module for providing direct current electric energy for the charging terminal;
controlling a switch unit connected with the charging module for providing the direct current electric energy in the second switch group to be disconnected;
and controlling a switch unit connected between the charging terminal corresponding to the charging information and the charging module providing the direct current electric energy in the first switch group to be disconnected.
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| CN202210394243.2A CN114714928A (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2022-04-14 | Charging system of electric automobile and control method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114919451A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-08-19 | 南京环动自动化科技有限公司 | Light stores up fills integration intelligent control device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114919451A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-08-19 | 南京环动自动化科技有限公司 | Light stores up fills integration intelligent control device |
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