CN114713653A - Machining method and forming die assembly for long rod part with threaded teeth for vehicle - Google Patents
Machining method and forming die assembly for long rod part with threaded teeth for vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114713653A CN114713653A CN202210298229.2A CN202210298229A CN114713653A CN 114713653 A CN114713653 A CN 114713653A CN 202210298229 A CN202210298229 A CN 202210298229A CN 114713653 A CN114713653 A CN 114713653A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/32—Lubrication of metal being extruded or of dies, or the like, e.g. physical state of lubricant, location where lubricant is applied
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of machining, and discloses a machining method of a vehicle threaded tooth long rod part, which can prevent the inside of the formed threaded tooth long rod part from generating tiny holes and the surface from generating tiny cracks by enabling the material to flow uniformly when the material is subjected to plastic deformation in the process of pressing and forming the threaded tooth long rod part, thereby simultaneously improving the utilization rate of the material and the mechanical property of a product, firstly, carrying out thermal refining on a long rod blank to form a thermal refining blank, wherein the grain size grade of the thermal refining blank is 5-6 grade; then, carrying out lubrication treatment on the surface of the conditioning blank to form a pretreated blank, wherein the viscosity value of a lubricating medium is 100-150 cSt; and finally, rotating the preprocessed blank at a preset rotating speed, and applying a preset forming pressure to the preprocessed blank at a preset pressing speed so as to press the preprocessed blank into the screw tooth long rod for the vehicle. The invention also discloses a forming die component for the threaded tooth long rod part for the vehicle, which is matched with the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a machining method and a forming die assembly for a vehicle threaded tooth long rod part.
Background
The screw pull rod type parts are key connecting and driving parts in the mechanical manufacturing industry and are widely applied to the industrial fields of automobiles, machine tools, aerospace and the like at present. Due to the huge demand and higher requirements on performance, the method brings a serious challenge to the current manufacturing industry in China. The transmission parts comprise a screw thread long rod part for a vehicle, wherein a plurality of stepped shafts, screw threads which are uniformly distributed in the axial direction and the like are arranged on the outer surface of the shaft rod; as a part of the mechanical transmission, mechanical torque and alternating load can be transmitted. The following are currently common forming applications for such parts:
the first application is to carry out numerical control machining cutting and milling forming on raw materials, a formed turning tool is used for feeding once or for multiple times to realize turning and milling of threads, fibers of a tooth-shaped part are often cut off by the tool, the strength of a part at a transmission part at the end part is reduced, and the final bearing and transmission capacity of the part is influenced; moreover, the utilization rate of the application material is very low, the required working hours are more, and the production cost of enterprises is increased.
In the second machining, common screw taps are often used for tapping, so-called tapping is to use screw taps to process threads, and the application is difficult to implement, has low practicability and is not beneficial to the requirement of mass production;
the third application is special machining, namely electric spark forming, and although parts with higher precision can be machined by the application, the application is low in efficiency.
The fourth application is powder metallurgy, which can realize the industrialization of partial transmission parts, but for some complicated and large-sized anisotropic parts, the application is difficult to implement, the required time is long, the surfaces of the parts are rough, the properties of the materials are required to be ground and strengthened later, and the expected quality requirements are difficult to achieve.
In summary, although the existing mature processing methods are various, the existing mature processing methods cannot well take account of both the material utilization rate and the mechanical property of the product, and the problems are particularly prominent when a high-strength rod with a complex shape and a height-diameter ratio of more than 3 is encountered.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the machining method of the threaded long rod part for the vehicle, which can ensure that the material flows uniformly when the material is subjected to plastic deformation in the process of pressing and forming the threaded long rod part, so that the generation of tiny holes in the formed threaded long rod part and the appearance of tiny cracks on the surface of the formed threaded long rod part are avoided, and the utilization rate of the material and the mechanical property of the product are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for processing a vehicle screw thread long rod part is used for processing a long rod blank into a vehicle screw thread long rod, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: carrying out quenching and tempering on the long rod blank to form a quenched and tempered blank, wherein the grain size grade of the quenched and tempered blank is 5-6 grade;
step S2: lubricating the surface of the quenched and tempered blank to form a pretreated blank, wherein the viscosity value of a lubricating medium is 100-150 cSt;
step S3: and rotating the pre-processed blank at a preset rotating speed, and applying a preset forming pressure to the pre-processed blank at a preset pressing speed so as to press the pre-processed blank into the screw-tooth long rod for the vehicle.
Preferably, in step S1, the precision of the surface burrs of the long rod blank ranges from 0.3mm to 0.5 mm.
Preferably, in step S1, the thermal refining process sequentially includes:
procedure T1: heating the stock blank to 800-950 ℃, and preserving heat for 30-60 minutes;
procedure T2: cooling the long rod blank to 100-200 ℃ in an environment of 20-25 ℃;
procedure T3: the stock is heated to 600 to 800 ℃ and held for 30 to 90 minutes.
Preferably, in step S2, the lubrication wetting time of the pre-treated billet is 3 seconds to 8 seconds, and the thickness of the lubrication medium on the surface of the pre-treated billet is 3 μm to 8 μm.
Preferably, in step S3, the predetermined rotation speed is 0.2rad/S to 1.5rad/S, the predetermined pressing speed is 5mm/S to 15mm/S, and the predetermined forming pressure is 464KN to 523 KN.
Preferably, in step S3, the pre-processed blank is subjected to a heat dissipation process during the process of being pressed into a screw-threaded long rod for vehicle.
Preferably, the screw thread long rod part forming die assembly for vehicle for pressing the pre-processed blank into the screw thread long rod is characterized by comprising the following components: a base frame; the rotary die is rotatably arranged on the base frame and is provided with a rotary die cavity for accommodating the pretreated blank; the profiling die is arranged on the base frame and positioned right above the rotary die cavity and used for applying preset forming pressure to the preprocessed blank; the rotary die comprises a rotary die, a prestressed ring, at least one heat dissipation through hole and at least one heat dissipation through hole, wherein the prestressed ring is sleeved on the outer surface of the rotary die, when the rotary die cavity rotates, circumferential tangential tensile stress is formed on the surface of the rotary die, and the prestressed ring is used for offsetting the circumferential tangential tensile stress.
Furthermore, the material of the rotary die is Cr12Mov, and the material of the prestressed ring is Cr 12.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method for machining the long rod part with the threaded teeth for the vehicle, firstly, a long rod blank is subjected to quenching and tempering to form a quenched and tempered blank, and the grain size grade of the quenched and tempered blank is 5-6 grade; then, carrying out lubrication treatment on the surface of the conditioning blank to form a pretreated blank, wherein the viscosity value of a lubricating medium is 100-150 cSt; and finally, rotating the preprocessed blank at a preset rotating speed, and applying preset forming pressure to the preprocessed blank at a preset pressing speed so as to press the preprocessed blank into the vehicle thread tooth long rod, wherein in the rotating process, the material flows under the guide of centrifugal force generated in the rotating process while being subjected to plastic deformation, and the material has the same flowability along the tangential direction of the preprocessed blank.
2. Because the precision range of the surface burrs of the long rod blank is 0.3mm to 0.5mm, when the burr precision is less than 0.3mm, not only the lubricating medium is difficult to stably adhere to the surface of the quenched and tempered blank, but also the surface treatment cost of the long rod blank is increased, and when the burr precision is more than 0.5mm, the lubricating medium is locally accumulated on the surface of the quenched and tempered blank, and a uniform film cannot be formed on the surface of the quenched and tempered blank, so that the lubricating treatment effect is realized, therefore, the precision of the surface burrs of the long rod blank can stably adhere to and form a uniform film on the surface of the quenched and tempered blank, so that the optimal lubricating effect is realized on the surface of the quenched and tempered blank, namely, when the pretreated blank rotates, the abrasive wear of the surface of the pretreated blank and a corresponding accommodating cavity can be reduced.
3. Because the lubricating infiltration time of the pretreated blank is 3 to 8 seconds and the thickness of the lubricating medium on the surface of the pretreated blank is 3 to 8 micrometers, the infiltration time of the invention ensures that the lubricating medium has the optimal thickness, thereby further improving the lubricating effect.
4. Because the preset rotating speed is 0.2rad/s to 1.5rad/s, the preset pressing speed is 5mm/s to 15mm/s, and the preset forming pressure is 464KN to 523KN, the preset rotating speed, the preset pressing speed and the preset forming pressure are adaptive to the rotating pretreated blank attached with the lubricating medium, so that the material flows along the tangential direction of the pretreated blank before being pressed and formed during the shaping deformation of the pretreated blank, the material flowability is completely and uniformly guided by the tangential force caused by centrifugation, and the pressing speed is also used for enabling the lubricating medium film to be always attached to the surface of the pretreated blank without failure.
5. According to the invention, the heat dissipation treatment is carried out on the pre-processed blank in the process of pressing the pre-processed blank into the screw thread long rod for the vehicle, so that the heat energy generated in the forming process can be released in time, and the service life of related parts is prolonged.
6. Because the invention discloses a forming die assembly for a vehicle thread tooth long rod part, which is characterized by comprising the following components: a base frame; the rotary die is rotatably arranged on the base frame and is provided with a rotary die cavity for accommodating the pretreated blank; the profiling die is arranged on the base frame and positioned right above the rotary die cavity and used for applying preset forming pressure to the preprocessed blank; the pre-stress ring is sleeved on the outer surface of the rotary die, at least one heat dissipation through hole is formed in the circumferential surface of the pre-stress ring, when the rotary die cavity rotates, circumferential side tangential tensile stress is formed on the surface of the rotary die, and the pre-stress ring is used for offsetting the circumferential side tangential tensile stress, so that the method for machining the vehicular threaded tooth long rod part is better implemented through the vehicular threaded tooth long rod part forming die assembly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic step diagram of a machining method of a threaded long rod part for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the following embodiments are specifically described in the invention with reference to the drawings, and the description of the embodiments is for assisting understanding of the invention, but the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, a method S100 for machining a long bar member with screw teeth for vehicle in the present embodiment is used for machining a long bar blank into a long bar with screw teeth for vehicle, and includes the following steps:
step S1: quenching and tempering the long rod blank to form a quenched and tempered blank, wherein the grain size grade of the quenched and tempered blank is 5-6 grade;
specifically, stock blank's material is the steel, stock blank's the precision range of surface burr is 0.3mm to 0.5mm, stock blank size quality control when through the feeding and the surface burr precision quality control after the unloading, in this embodiment, the preferred low carbon alloy steel of stock blank's material cuts the unloading to phi 28mm to phi 35 mm's round steel through the circular saw, and the straightness accuracy tolerance per meter of stock blank after the unloading is not more than 1.5mm, blank surface after the unloading does not have obvious fish tail, wearing and tearing and corrosion.
The process of quenching and tempering sequentially comprises the following steps:
procedure T1: heating the stock blank to 800-950 ℃, and preserving the heat for 30-60 minutes; namely the quenching process: the stock is heated to 800-950 deg.C with the furnace and is kept warm for 30-60 minutes.
Procedure T2: cooling the long rod blank to 100-200 ℃ in an environment of 20-25 ℃; namely, the process T1 is continued, and the furnace is cooled to 100 ℃ to 200 ℃ with air.
Procedure T3: heating the stock blank to 600-800 deg.C, and maintaining the temperature for 30-90 min; namely a tempering process: the long rod blank is heated to 800-950 ℃ along with a furnace and is insulated for 30-60 minutes.
Step S2: lubricating the surface of the quenched and tempered blank to form a pretreated blank, wherein the viscosity value of a lubricating medium is 100-150 cSt;
specifically, the lubricating and wetting time of the pretreated blank is 3 seconds to 8 seconds, the thickness of the lubricating medium on the surface of the pretreated blank is 3 micrometers to 8 micrometers, and the main active components of the lubricating medium are boron nitride and molybdenum disulfide.
Step S3: and rotating the pre-processed blank at a preset rotating speed, and applying a preset forming pressure to the pre-processed blank at a preset pressing speed so as to press the pre-processed blank into the screw-tooth long rod for the vehicle.
Specifically, the predetermined rotation speed is 0.2rad/s to 1.5rad/s, the predetermined pressing speed is 5mm/s to 15mm/s, and the predetermined forming pressure is 464KN to 523 KN.
Specifically, in the process of pressing the pre-processed blank into the screw thread long rod for the vehicle, the pre-processed blank is subjected to heat dissipation treatment.
A forming die assembly (not shown in the attached drawing) for the vehicle threaded long rod part, which is used for pressing the preprocessed blank into the vehicle threaded long rod, comprises a base frame, a rotary die, a profiling die and a prestress ring.
The base frame is used as a platform for installing other parts of the vehicle thread tooth long rod part forming die assembly.
The rotary die is rotatably arranged on the base frame and is provided with a rotary die cavity for accommodating the pretreated blank, specifically, the rotary die cavity is cylindrical, a thread tooth-shaped structure for forming a thread tooth shape of a vehicle thread tooth long rod part is arranged in the rotary die cavity, specifically, the rotary die is made of Cr12Mov, the pretreated blank is inserted into the rotary die cavity, the rotary die is installed on the base frame through a bearing, and when the rotary die rotates relative to the base frame, the pretreated blank in the rotary die cavity rotates around the self axis relative to the base frame.
And the profiling die is arranged on the base frame and is positioned right above the rotary die cavity and used for applying a preset forming pressure to the pretreatment blank, and the profiling die moves relative to the base frame along the vertical direction so as to extrude the rotary pretreatment blank.
The prestressing force circle is established in the surface of rotatory mould, has at least one heat dissipation through-hole on the global of prestressing force circle, and when rotatory die cavity was rotatory, the surface of rotatory mould formed week side tangential tensile stress, and the prestressing force circle is used for offsetting week side tangential tensile stress, and specifically, the material of prestressing force circle is Cr12, has a plurality of heat dissipation through-holes on the global of prestressing force circle, and a plurality of heat dissipation through-holes along the circumference evenly distributed of prestressing force circle.
In this embodiment, the final press-formed vehicle threaded tooth long rod part has a height-diameter ratio greater than 5, has multiple steps, includes 3 sections of shaft rods with different axial diameters and 1 section of threaded shaft end portion provided with an axial direction, the threaded tooth end portion is in a transitional arc shape, 9 tooth shapes are circumferentially distributed, two ends of the long rod part are respectively provided with a positioning small hole, and the small holes and the end portion plane form a predetermined angle.
The surface roughness at the position of the multi-section shaft lever meets Ra6.3um, the accumulated tolerance of the circumference of the end thread tooth meets 0.090, and the tooth thickness deviation of the end thread tooth meets 0.06.
The comparison table of the related technical parameters and the cost of the vehicular threaded long-rod part formed by the conventional process forming method and the vehicular threaded long-rod part formed by the process forming method in the scheme is as follows:
the above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications or changes that can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive skill within the scope of the appended claims will still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for processing a vehicle screw thread long rod part is used for processing a long rod blank into a vehicle screw thread long rod, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: carrying out quenching and tempering on the long rod blank to form a quenched and tempered blank, wherein the grain size grade of the quenched and tempered blank is 5-6 grade;
step S2: lubricating the surface of the quenched and tempered blank to form a pretreated blank, wherein the viscosity value of a lubricating medium is 100-150 cSt;
step S3: and rotating the pre-processed blank at a preset rotating speed, and applying a preset forming pressure to the pre-processed blank at a preset pressing speed so as to press the pre-processed blank into the vehicle threaded long rod.
2. The method for machining a threaded long rod part for vehicles according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein, in step S1, the precision range of the surface burr of the long rod blank is 0.3mm to 0.5 mm.
3. The method for machining the threaded long rod part for the vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
in step S1, the thermal refining process sequentially includes:
procedure T1: heating the stock blank to 800-950 ℃, and preserving heat for 30-60 minutes;
procedure T2: cooling the stock blank to 100 ℃ to 200 ℃ in an environment of 20 ℃ to 25 ℃;
procedure T3: heating the stock blank to 600-800 ℃, and preserving heat for 30-90 minutes.
4. The method for machining the threaded long rod part for the vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
wherein in step S2, the lubrication wetting time of the pre-treated blank is 3 seconds to 8 seconds,
the thickness of the lubricating medium on the surface of the pretreated blank is 3 to 8 μm.
5. The method for machining the threaded long rod part for the vehicle as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
wherein, in step S3, the predetermined rotation speed is 0.2rad/S to 1.5rad/S,
the preset pressing speed is 5mm/s to 15mm/s, and the preset forming pressure is 464KN to 523 KN.
6. The method for machining the threaded long rod part for the vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
in step S3, in the process of pressing the pre-processed blank into the screw-threaded long rod for vehicle, the pre-processed blank is subjected to a heat dissipation treatment.
7. A screw-threaded rod part forming die assembly for pressing the pre-processed blank material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 into the screw-threaded rod for vehicles, comprising:
a base frame;
a rotary die rotatably disposed on the base frame and having a rotary die cavity for receiving the pre-processed blank according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
a profiling die, provided on the base frame and located right above the rotary die cavity, for applying the predetermined forming pressure to the preliminary processed blank according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
the prestressed ring is sleeved on the outer surface of the rotary die, the circumferential surface of the prestressed ring is provided with at least one heat dissipation through hole,
when the rotary die cavity rotates, the surface of the rotary die forms circumferential side tangential tensile stress, and the prestress ring is used for offsetting the circumferential side tangential tensile stress.
8. The method for machining the threaded long rod part for the vehicle as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
the material of the rotary die is Cr12Mov, and the material of the prestressed ring is Cr 12.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210298229.2A CN114713653A (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-03-24 | Machining method and forming die assembly for long rod part with threaded teeth for vehicle |
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| CN202210298229.2A CN114713653A (en) | 2022-03-24 | 2022-03-24 | Machining method and forming die assembly for long rod part with threaded teeth for vehicle |
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