CN114713334A - Intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and intelligent coal slime crushing method - Google Patents
Intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and intelligent coal slime crushing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114713334A CN114713334A CN202110753240.9A CN202110753240A CN114713334A CN 114713334 A CN114713334 A CN 114713334A CN 202110753240 A CN202110753240 A CN 202110753240A CN 114713334 A CN114713334 A CN 114713334A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
- B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
- B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
- B02C13/095—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate with an adjustable anvil or impact plate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
- B02C13/2804—Shape or construction of beater elements the beater elements being rigidly connected to the rotor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
- B02C13/284—Built-in screens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/30—Driving mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
- B07B1/50—Cleaning
- B07B1/55—Cleaning with fluid jets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and an intelligent coal slime crushing method, belongs to the technical field of coal slime crushing treatment, and solves the problems that coal slime is difficult to crush, the crusher is seriously abraded, material is easily blocked, and overhauling is inconvenient in the prior art. The coal slime crushing device comprises a first crushing assembly, a relaxation sieve and a second crushing assembly, wherein the first crushing assembly is used for forcibly crushing coal slime, the relaxation sieve is used for screening the forcibly crushed coal slime, and oversize materials are secondarily crushed by the second crushing assembly. The two-time crushing of the invention is dynamically coordinated, the crushing efficiency is improved, the material blockage is avoided, and the invention is easy to overhaul and maintain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal slime crushing treatment, in particular to an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and an intelligent coal slime crushing method.
Background
The basic characteristics of energy resources in China are rich coal, poor oil and less gas, and coal is used as a main energy support in China and still occupies a main position in the development of a period of time in the future. Along with the gradual reduction of coal resources in China, the coal mining mechanization level is continuously improved, the dense medium coal separation technology is gradually improved, and the coal slime content in a separation system is also continuously increased. The coal slime presents the characteristics of large water content, large viscosity, high ash content, easy caking and the like after being separated and recovered, is not beneficial to loading and transportation and subsequent mixing, and provides higher requirements for a coal slime crusher.
The common crusher is difficult to crush and blend coal slime with large moisture and viscosity, the phenomena of sticky teeth, material blockage and the like are easy to occur, and the coal slime treatment efficiency of a coal preparation plant is greatly influenced. Therefore, the current crushers on the market have the problems of serious abrasion, untimely feedback of equipment operation, inconvenient maintenance and the like. Therefore, according to the problems that the output of the coal slime is increased day by day and the common crusher is difficult to meet the crushing requirement of the coal slime, the novel crusher is researched and developed in a targeted manner, so that the novel crusher has great significance and considerable prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the embodiment of the invention aims to provide an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and an intelligent coal slime crushing method, so as to solve the problems that coal slime is difficult to crush, the crusher is seriously worn, material is easily blocked, and overhauling is inconvenient in the prior art.
On one hand, the invention provides an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher which comprises a first crushing assembly, a relaxation sieve and a second crushing assembly, wherein the first crushing assembly is used for forcibly crushing coal slime, the relaxation sieve is used for screening the forcibly crushed coal slime, and oversize materials are secondarily crushed by the second crushing assembly.
Further, the first crushing assembly comprises a first rotor and first hammers, and the first hammers are uniformly arranged on the circumferential edge of the first rotor; the first rotor is provided with a plurality of rotors.
Further, the first crushing assembly comprises a first crushing plate and a second crushing plate which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first rotor.
Further, the upper ends of the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate are connected with the inner wall of the intelligent reversible coal slime crusher, and the lower ends of the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate are free ends.
Further, the free ends of the first and second crushing plates are connected with a first hydraulic mechanism and a second hydraulic mechanism, respectively.
Further, the first and second hydraulic mechanisms are used to adjust the spacing of the first and second crushing plates from the first rotor, respectively.
Further, the second crushing assembly comprises a second rotor and a second hammer head, and the second hammer head is uniformly arranged on the circumferential edge of the second rotor; the second rotor is provided in plurality.
Further, the second crushing assembly further comprises an impact plate, and the impact plate and the second crushing plate are arranged on the same side.
Further, the relaxation sieve is arranged obliquely and is positioned between the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly.
On the other hand, the invention provides an intelligent coal slime crushing method for coal slime, which adopts the intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and comprises the following steps:
step 1: the first rotor rotates clockwise to crush the coal slime for the first time;
step 2: the relaxation sieve screens the primarily crushed coal slime, undersize products are directly discharged, and oversize products are conveyed to the second crushing assembly;
and 3, step 3: the second crushing assembly is used for secondarily crushing oversize materials;
when the load of the second rotor exceeds a set threshold value, controlling the first hydraulic mechanism to enable the first crushing plate to be close to the first rotor, and reducing the gap between the first hammer head and the first crushing plate;
and when the load of the second rotor falls back to the normal interval, the first hydraulic mechanism is restored to the initial position, so that the intelligent regulation of the two-section crushing load is realized.
And 4, step 4: when the abrasion of the first hammer head reaches a set threshold value, the first rotor reverses to crush coal slime for one time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) the coal slime crusher is provided with the screening transition region and the secondary crushing region, the screening transition region screens the coal slime crushed in the forced crushing region, small-particle coal slime is directly discharged, and large-particle coal slime is discharged after secondary crushing, so that the forced crushed coal slime is prevented from entering the secondary crushing region to be crushed, the workload of the secondary crushing region is further reduced, and the coal slime crushing efficiency is improved.
(2) According to the coal slime crusher, the secondary crushing area dynamically adjusts the crushing granularity of the forced crushing area according to the working load of the secondary crushing area, the granularity which strictly meets the requirement can be obtained, the energy of the crushing area can be fully utilized to effectively crush coal slime with high moisture content, meanwhile, the secondary crushing area and the forced crushing area can be adjusted dynamically to enable the two areas to work cooperatively, high-strength work of one crushing area is avoided, and the two crushing areas reach dynamic balance according to the crushing granularity of the coal slime and the crushing working load.
(3) The invention is provided with the back blowing device for cleaning the sieve pores of the relaxation sieve, and the back blowing device works according to set time or works when the load of a secondary crushing area is large, thereby avoiding the blockage of the relaxation sieve.
(4) According to the coal slime crusher, the first rotor can rotate in two directions, and when one side of the hammer head is seriously worn, the first rotor can be changed in surface crushing, so that the maximum utilization of equipment is realized, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to an embodiment.
Reference numerals:
1-a feeding port; 2-a discharge hole; 3-a first crushing assembly; 31-a first rotor; 32-a first ram; 33-a first breaker plate; 34-a second breaker plate; 35-a first hydraulic machine; 36-a second hydraulic mechanism; 4-relaxation sieve; 5-a second crushing assembly; 51-a first rotor; 52-second ram; 53-counterattack plate; 6-a back blowing device;
100-forced crushing area; 200-screening the transition zone; 300-secondary crushing zone.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit its scope.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the term "connected" is to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, fixed, detachable, or integrally connected, and may be mechanically or electrically connected, and may be directly or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative to the position of components of the device, such as the relative position of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.
Example 1
One embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, discloses an intelligent reversible coal slime crusher, which comprises a forced crushing area 100, a screening transition area 200 and a secondary crushing area 300, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the screening transition area 200 screens coal slime particles crushed by the forced crushing area 100, undersize materials are directly discharged from a discharge port, oversize materials are fed into the secondary crushing area 300 for secondary crushing, and the secondary crushing area 300 can regulate and control the crushing granularity of the forced crushing area 100 according to the crushing load of the secondary crushing area.
In practice, the coal slime crusher provided by this embodiment includes a forced crushing area 100, a screening transition area 200 and a secondary crushing area 300, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the coal slime enters the forced crushing area 100 to be crushed, the crushed coal slime enters the screening transition area 200 to be screened, the small-particle coal slime (undersize material) can directly pass through a screen due to small particles and meet the requirement of the crushed particle size, and is discharged directly through a discharge port, the large-particle coal slime (oversize material) needs to be secondarily crushed due to large particles and enters the secondary crushing area 300, the coal slime crushed by the secondary crushing area 300 meets the requirement of the crushed particle size, and is discharged through the discharge port, the crushed coal slime is screened by the screening transition area 200, the large-particle coal slime is secondarily crushed, and the small-particle coal slime is discharged directly, the work load of secondary crushing district 300 has been reduced, work efficiency has been improved, simultaneously, make the material after the breakage strictly accord with the granularity requirement through the secondary crushing, can play effectively broken to the higher coal slime of moisture content, and the fragmentation is strong.
The crushing granularity of the forced crushing area 100 is adjusted by the secondary crushing area 300 according to the crushing load of the secondary crushing area 300, when the crushing load of the secondary crushing area 300 is larger than a set threshold, the forced crushing area 100 outputs materials with small granularity to slow down the working load of the secondary crushing area 300, when the crushing load of the secondary crushing area 300 returns to the set threshold, the forced crushing area 100 outputs materials with larger granularity, the secondary crushing area 300 assists the forced crushing area 100 to crush, the working strength of the forced crushing area 100 is reduced, the forced crushing area 100 and the secondary crushing area 300 are dynamically regulated, the materials meeting the granularity requirement can be obtained, the energy of the crushing area can be fully utilized, and the coal slime with higher moisture content can be effectively crushed.
Compared with the prior art, the coal slime crusher provided by the embodiment is provided with the screening transition area and the secondary crushing area, the screening transition area screens the coal slime crushed in the forced crushing area, the small-particle coal slime is directly discharged, and the large-particle coal slime is discharged after secondary crushing, so that the forced crushed coal slime is prevented from entering the secondary crushing area to be crushed, the working load of the secondary crushing area is further reduced, the coal slime crushing efficiency is improved, the secondary crushing area dynamically adjusts the crushing granularity of the forced crushing area according to the working load of the secondary crushing area, the granularity strictly meeting the requirement can be obtained, the energy of the crushing area can be fully utilized to effectively crush the coal slime with higher moisture content, meanwhile, the dynamic adjustment of the secondary crushing area and the forced crushing area can enable the two areas to work cooperatively, and the high-strength work of one crushing area is avoided, the two crushing areas reach dynamic balance according to the crushing granularity of the coal slime and the crushing workload.
The coal slime breaker is equipped with pan feeding mouth 1 and discharge gate 2, and the top of coal slime breaker is located to pan feeding mouth 1, and discharge gate 2 is equipped with the bottom of coal slime breaker, and the coal slime enters into the coal slime breaker by pan feeding mouth 1 in, through the crushing of forced crushing district 100, the screening of screening transition district 200, through discharge gate 2 discharge or discharge through discharge gate 2 discharge after the crushing of secondary crushing district 300.
In this embodiment, the coal slime breaker top-down sets gradually pan feeding mouth 1, forces broken district 100, screening transition zone 200, secondary crushing district 300 and discharge gate 2, and the coal slime gets into the order from the upper end of coal slime breaker and passes through its inside region and discharge from the bottom, and this structure make full use of the dead weight of coal slime, and the coal slime smoothly passes through each region in proper order, need not to set up other transport structure and can realize the transport of coal slime, and complete machine compact structure, setting are simple.
The coal slime crusher also comprises a first crushing assembly 3, wherein the first crushing assembly 3 is arranged in the forced crushing area 100 and used for forcibly crushing large coal slime which just enters the coal slime crusher.
In this embodiment, the first crushing assembly 3 is used to forcibly crush the large coal slime entering the coal slime crusher to form smaller coal slime particles, wherein the large coal slime particles are directly discharged from the coal slime crusher and enter the secondary crushing area 300 to be crushed, and the large coal slime particles are not in accordance with the granularity requirement.
First broken subassembly 3 includes first rotor 31 and first tup 32, and first rotor 31 is located on the first pivot of level setting, and the both ends of first pivot are located in the coal slime breaker through the bearing respectively, and the one end of first pivot is passed and is connected with the first power pack of outside setting behind the coal slime breaker, and first power pack provides power for the motion of first rotor 31. Preferentially, the first power unit comprises a first motor, a first belt pulley group and a first belt, the first belt pulley group comprises two belt pulleys, the two belt pulleys are arranged on an output shaft of the first motor and a first rotating shaft respectively, the two belt pulleys are connected through the first belt, and the power of the first motor is transmitted to the first rotating shaft so as to drive the first rotor 31 to rotate.
Further, the first ram 32 is disposed on the first rotor 31, and specifically, the first ram 32 is uniformly disposed on the circumferential edge of the first rotor 31.
In order to improve the crushing efficiency of forced crushing district 100, the equipartition has a plurality of first rotors 31 on the first main shaft, the outward flange of first rotor 31 all is equipped with a plurality of first tups 32, specifically, the lateral surface edge of first rotor 31 is equipped with the mounting hole, the face of cylinder of first rotor 31 is equipped with the recess with the installation department matched with of first tup 32, the recess is located to the one end of the installation department of first tup 32, wall through the recess carries on spacingly to first tup 32, the installation department of first tup 32 is laid on the mounting hole of first rotor 31 through the connecting piece.
In the embodiment, the coal slime is crushed by adopting a hammer crushing mode, and the hammer crushing mode has the characteristics of strong crushing capacity, less blocking phenomenon of a crushing hammer, high quality of crushed products and thorough crushing, and the coal slime enters from a material inlet, is repeatedly impacted, sheared and crushed between a crushing plate and a hammer head and flows into the next process; the crushing plate replaces a grate bar in a common crusher, so that the blockage of the equipment by materials is avoided, the crushing efficiency of the coal slime is improved, the crushing effect of the coal slime is greatly enhanced, and the high-efficiency operation of the equipment is realized.
It should be noted that the first rotor 31 with the first rams 32 mounted thereon in this embodiment has two mounting manners on the first rotating shaft, the first mounting manner is that the first rams 32 on adjacent first rotors 31 are aligned, and the second mounting manner is that the first rams 32 on adjacent first rotors 31 are staggered.
The first crushing assembly 3 further comprises a first crushing plate 33 and a second crushing plate 34, the first crushing plate 33 and the second crushing plate 34 are arranged on the inner wall of the coal slime crusher, specifically, the first crushing plate 33 and the second crushing plate 34 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first rotor 31, coal slime entering the coal slime crusher from the feeding port 1 is directly crushed or thrown by the first hammer head 32 to impact the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34 to be crushed under the rotation of the first rotor 31, and the crushed coal slime enters the next stage for treatment.
In this embodiment, the first crushing plate 33 and the second crushing plate 34 are matched with the first hammer head 32 and the first rotor 31 to crush the coal slurry entering the forced crushing area 100, the coal slurry is knocked by the first hammer head 32 after entering the forced crushing area 100, under the action of the first rotor 31 rotating at a high speed, part of the coal slurry is thrown up and collides with the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34 and then rebounded, and the coal slurry is further crushed by the acting force of the first hammer head 32 and the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34 when passing through the gap between the first hammer head 32 and the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34 and then enters the screening transition area 200.
The first crushing plate 33 comprises a first supporting part and a first crushing part, the first crushing part is arranged on the first supporting part, one end of the first supporting part is fixedly connected with the upper part of the coal slime crusher, and the other end of the first supporting part is a free end. The first supporting part is an elastic plate with certain rigidity, and the first crushing part is a diamond-shaped bulge uniformly distributed on the first supporting part. The coal slurry is crushed by the first crushing part through the first rotor 31 and the first hammer head 32.
In order to make full use of the mechanical energy of the forced crushing zone 100 and the secondary crushing zone 300 and to achieve the purpose of adjusting the gap between the first crushing plate 33 and the first rotor 31, the lower end, i.e. the free end, of the first crushing plate 33 is connected to a first hydraulic mechanism 35, and the first hydraulic mechanism 35 is provided with a first remote switch. The lower end of the first crushing plate 33 can be moved closer to or farther from the first rotor 31 by the first hydraulic mechanism 35, thereby changing the gap between the first crushing plate 33 and the first rotor 31.
In this embodiment, the first remote switch is controlled to control the expansion and contraction of the first hydraulic mechanism 35, so as to adjust the gap between the first crushing plate 33 and the first rotor 31, thereby controlling the crushing granularity and the work load of the forced crushing area 100.
The second crushing plate 34 includes a second supporting portion and a second crushing portion, the second crushing portion is provided on the second supporting portion, one end of the second supporting portion is fixedly connected with the upper portion of the coal slime crusher, and the other end is a free end. The second supporting part is an elastic plate with certain rigidity, and the second crushing part is diamond-shaped bulges uniformly distributed on the second supporting part. The coal slurry is impacted on the second crushing part to be crushed under the action of the first rotor 31 and the first hammer head 32.
Considering that the crushing effect is reduced after the crushing hammer is worn, the first rotor 31 can be reversed after the first hammer head 32 is ground to a certain degree, and simultaneously, in order to fully utilize the mechanical energy of the forced crushing area 100 and the secondary crushing area 300 and achieve the purpose of adjusting the gap between the second crushing plate 34 and the first rotor 31, the lower end, namely the free end, of the second crushing plate 34 is connected with the second hydraulic mechanism 36, and the second hydraulic mechanism 36 is provided with a second remote switch. The lower end of the second crushing plate 34 can be moved closer to or away from the first rotor 31 by the second hydraulic mechanism 36, thereby changing the gap between the second crushing plate 34 and the first rotor 31.
In this embodiment, the second remote switch is controlled to control the extension and retraction of the second hydraulic mechanism 36, so as to adjust the gap between the second crushing plate 34 and the first rotor 31, thereby controlling the crushing granularity and the workload of the forced crushing area 100.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, under the action of the first hydraulic mechanism 35 and the second hydraulic mechanism 36, the first crushing plate 33 and the second crushing plate 34 are arc-shaped, the first rotor 31 is located in the arc-shaped space enclosed by the two crushing plates, and the first rotor 31 is disposed near the lower end of the crushing plates, so that the coal slurry thrown up by the first rotor 21 or the first hammer head 32 is collided with the arc-shaped crushing plates and then is subjected to a reaction force towards the first rotor 31, which is helpful for multiple times of throwing and collision crushing of the coal slurry.
In this embodiment, the upper half of the crushing plate is fixed, and the lower half can be bent under the effect of hydraulic pressure mechanism for first rotor 31 can adjust the distance between first crushing plate 33 or second crushing plate 34 and first rotor 31 under the circumstances of corotation or reversion, can enough obtain the material that accords with the granularity requirement, and the energy of make full use of crushing district again can play effectively broken to the higher coal slime of moisture content.
The coal slime crusher also comprises a relaxation sieve 4, wherein the relaxation sieve 4 is fixedly arranged in the crusher and is used for screening the materials crushed in the forced crushing area 100. The undersize is discharged directly from the discharge port 2 and the oversize is fed to the secondary crushing zone 200 for secondary crushing.
In the embodiment, the relaxation screen surface is adopted to reduce the occurrence of screen blockage in the production process, the crushed materials in the forced crushing area 100 are checked and screened, and undersize materials are directly discharged out of the coal slime crusher through the discharge port 2, so that the coal slime crushed in the forced crushing area 100 is prevented from entering the secondary crushing area 200 to be crushed, the crushing workload of the secondary crushing area 200 is reduced, and the coal slime crushing efficiency is improved.
It is worth noting that, because the first rotor 31 can be reversed, the coal slime can fall from the gap between the first rotor 31 and the first crushing plate 33, or fall from the gap between the first rotor 31 and the second crushing plate 34, so that the relaxation sieve 4 is long enough, the coal slime crushed in the forced crushing area 100 can obtain enough stroke on the relaxation sieve to sieve out the coal slime meeting the granularity requirement, and the coal slime meeting the requirement due to insufficient stroke is prevented from entering the secondary crushing area 200 and further increasing the work load of the secondary crushing area 200 and reducing the coal slime crushing efficiency.
Specifically, the lower part of the gap between the first crushing plate 33 and the first rotor 31 corresponds to the head of the relaxation screen 4, the lower part of the gap between the second crushing plate 34 and the first rotor 31 corresponds to the middle part of the relaxation screen 4, the tail part of the relaxation screen 4 corresponds to the gap between the second rotor 51 and the counterattack plate 53, the relaxation screen 4 is obliquely arranged for facilitating the screening of coal slime, and the head part of the relaxation screen 4 is higher than the tail part. The structure ensures that the coal slime falling from the forced crushing area 100 has enough moving stroke on the relaxation sieve 4, and the coal slime meeting the granularity requirement can directly fall from the relaxation sieve 4.
The coal slime crusher further comprises a second crushing assembly 5, and the second crushing assembly 5 is arranged in the secondary crushing area 300 and is used for crushing oversize materials of the relaxation sieve 4.
In this embodiment, oversize materials entering the secondary crushing area 300 are crushed by the second crushing assembly 5, and the coal slime which does not meet the requirement of granularity is further crushed and discharged out of the coal slime crusher after the requirement is met.
The second crushing assembly 5 comprises a second rotor 51 and a second hammer 52, the second rotor 51 is arranged on a second rotating shaft which is horizontally arranged, two ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively arranged in the coal slime crusher through bearings, one end of the second rotating shaft penetrates through the coal slime crusher and then is connected with a second power unit which is arranged outside, and the second power unit provides power for the movement of the second rotor 51. Preferentially, the second power unit comprises a second motor, a second belt pulley group and a second belt, the second belt pulley group comprises two belt pulleys, the two belt pulleys are arranged on an output shaft of the second motor and a second rotating shaft respectively, the two belt pulleys are connected through the second belt, and the power of the second motor is transmitted to the second rotating shaft so as to drive the second rotor 51 to rotate.
Further, the second hammer 52 is disposed on the second rotor 51, and specifically, the second hammer 52 is uniformly disposed on the circumferential edge of the second rotor 51.
It should be noted that the second rotor 51 is arranged on one side below the relaxation sieve 4, and a sufficient space flows out below the relaxation sieve 4, so that the coal slime meeting the granularity requirement does not enter the second rotor 51 but directly enters the discharge hole 2 after falling from the relaxation sieve 4.
In order to improve the crushing efficiency of secondary crushing district 300, the equipartition has a plurality of second rotors 51 on the second main shaft, the outward flange of second rotor 51 all is equipped with a plurality of second tups 52, specifically, the lateral surface edge of second rotor 51 is equipped with the mounting hole, the face of cylinder of second rotor 51 is equipped with the recess with mounting part matched with of second tup 52, the recess is located to the one end of the mounting part of second tup 52, wall through the recess is spacing to second tup 52, the mounting part of second tup 52 is laid on the mounting hole of second rotor 51 through the connecting piece.
In the embodiment, the coal slime is crushed by adopting a hammer crushing mode, and the hammer crushing is characterized by strong crushing capacity, less blocking phenomenon of a crushing hammer, high quality of crushed products and thorough crushing, wherein the coal slime enters from a material inlet, is repeatedly impacted, sheared and crushed between a counterattack plate and a hammer head and flows into the next process; the counterattack board replaces the grid section in the common crusher, thereby not only avoiding the material from blocking the equipment, but also improving the efficiency of coal slime crushing, greatly enhancing the coal slime crushing effect and realizing the high-efficiency operation of the equipment.
It should be noted that the second rotor 51 with the second ram 52 mounted thereon in this embodiment has two mounting manners on the second rotating shaft, the first mounting manner is that the second rams 52 on adjacent second rotors 51 are aligned, and the second mounting manner is that the second rams 52 on adjacent second rotors 51 are staggered.
The second crushing component 5 further comprises a reaction plate 53, and the reaction plate 53 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the coal slime crusher.
It is noted that the impact plate 53 is provided on the rotation direction side of the second rotor 51, specifically, the impact plate 53 is provided on the opposite side of the first crushing plate 33 on the same side as the second crushing plate 34, the impact plate 53 is located on the obliquely upper side of the second rotor 51, in this embodiment, the impact plate 53 is located on the upper left side of the second rotor 51, and the coal slurry is crushed by the second ram 52 and the impact plate 53.
In order to fully utilize the mechanical energy of the forced crushing area 100 and the secondary crushing area 300 and achieve the purpose of adjusting the gap between the first crushing plate 33, the second crushing plate 34 and the first rotor 31, the second rotor 51 is provided with a load sensing device, the load of the second rotor 51 is monitored in real time, when the material on the screen is excessive and the load of the second rotor 51 exceeds a set threshold value, the load sensing device senses and sends a signal to the remote control switch, the first remote control switch or the second remote control switch in the embodiment controls the hydraulic mechanism, the first hydraulic mechanism 35 or the second hydraulic mechanism 36 in the embodiment makes the first crushing plate 33 or the second crushing plate 34 close to the first rotor 31, reduces the gap between the first hammer head 32 and the first crushing plate 3 or the second crushing plate 34, reduces the load of the secondary crushing area 300, when the load sensing device senses that the load falls back to a normal interval, and sending a signal to a remote control switch to restore the hydraulic mechanism to the initial position, thereby realizing intelligent regulation of the load of the two-section crushing.
It is worth noting that the first hammer head 32 is provided with a wear detector, and when the first hammer head 32 is ground to a certain degree, the control unit controls the first rotor 31 to rotate reversely, so that the maximum utilization of the equipment is realized, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged. The first rotor 31 and the second rotor 32 are also provided with a rotating speed monitor and a temperature monitor, when the rotating speed or the temperature of the first rotor 31 or the second rotor 32 is abnormal, the control unit controls the coal slime grinding mill to stop, so that the omnibearing and multi-scale real-time monitoring of the equipment is realized, the untimely discovery of the abnormal operation of the equipment is avoided, and the stable operation of the crusher is maintained.
In order to avoid the blockage of the relaxation sieve 4, the coal slime crusher also comprises a back blowing device 6, the back blowing device 6 is arranged below the side of the relaxation sieve 4 and is used for cleaning sieve pores of the relaxation sieve 4, and the back blowing device is controlled by a remote control timing switch. The working state of the back blowing device 6 is set to be started every twenty minutes by a remote control timing switch, and each time of blowing is ten seconds; and also activates the blow-back means 6 when the remote control timing switch receives a signal from the load sensing means.
In order to facilitate the maintenance of the coal slime crusher, the coal slime crusher adopts a hydraulic uncapping type casing, equipment parts need to be overhauled or replaced when the equipment breaks down in operation, the two sides of the equipment can be uncapped through a hydraulic device, and the purpose of timely overhauling is realized.
The coal slime crusher of this embodiment, tup and breaker plate can dismantle alone, have avoided the time that delays when changing large-scale part, have improved the equipment maintenance efficiency.
Example 2
The invention discloses another specific embodiment of a coal slime intelligent crushing method, which adopts the intelligent reversible coal slime crusher of the embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
step 1: the first rotor 31 rotates clockwise to force the crushing area 100 to crush the coal slime for one time;
step 2: the screening transition area 200 screens the primarily crushed coal slime, the undersize is discharged from the discharge port 2, and the oversize enters the secondary crushing area 300; the back blowing device 6 is started every twenty minutes for ten seconds;
and step 3: the secondary crushing area 300 is used for carrying out secondary crushing on oversize products; when the materials on the screen are excessive and the load of the second rotor 51 exceeds a set threshold value, the load sensing device senses and sends a signal to the first remote switch, the first hydraulic mechanism 35 is controlled to enable the first crushing plate 33 to be close to the first rotor 31, the gap between the first hammer head 32 and the first crushing plate 33 is reduced, the load of the secondary crushing area 300 is reduced, and the back blowing device 6 is started;
when the load sensing device senses that the load falls back to the normal interval, a signal is sent to the first remote switch, so that the first hydraulic mechanism 35 is restored to the initial position, and intelligent adjustment of the two-section broken load is achieved.
The power consumption required to crush a mineral with mass m from D to D is A3Comprises the following steps:
in the formula: k3For the overall scale factor, m is the mass of ore to be crushed, D is the average diameter of the narrow fraction obtained by sieve analysis before crushing, which is the arithmetic average of the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter in that fraction, D is the average diameter of the narrow fraction obtained by sieve analysis after crushing, which is the arithmetic average of the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter in that fraction, and i is the crushing ratio.
By A3And calculating the power of the motor of the second rotor 51 to obtain a working load critical value K of the second section of the two-section intelligent coal slime crusher, sending a signal to control the distance between the first crushing plate and the hammer head to be reduced when the load of the second section is higher than K, and recovering the gap between the first crushing plate and the hammer head after the load falls below the K value for a period of time.
In this embodiment, the load threshold of the second rotor 51 is calculated by using the above formula and set as the load threshold of the second rotor 51, and the load sensing device senses the load of the second rotor 51 and compares the load with the load threshold to dynamically adjust the gap between the first hammer 32 and the first crushing plate 33, so that the accuracy control of the forced crushing area 100 and the secondary crushing area 300 on crushing of coal slime particles is improved, and meanwhile, the capacity utilization efficiency is improved, so that the two reach dynamic balance.
And 4, step 4: when the abrasion of the first hammer head 32 reaches a set threshold value, the first rotor 31 reverses to crush the coal slime once, and the steps 2-3 are repeated.
And setting a maximum wear value k, and when the maximum wear value k is reached, reversing the motor to reverse the first rotor 31 to change the unworn surface of the first hammer head 32 into a working surface.
It is noted that in step 4, when step 3 is repeated, the second crushing plate 34, the second hydraulic mechanism 36 and the second remote switch are adjusted accordingly.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an intelligent reversible coal slime breaker, its characterized in that, includes first broken subassembly (3), relaxation sieve (4) and the broken subassembly of second (5), first broken subassembly (3) are forced the breakage to the coal slime, relaxation sieve (4) are screened the coal slime after forcing the breakage, and the thing of oversize by the broken subassembly of second (5) carries out the recrushing.
2. An intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that said first crushing assembly (3) comprises a first rotor (31) and a first ram (32), said first ram (32) being uniformly provided at the circumferential edge of said first rotor (31); the first rotor (31) is provided in plurality.
3. An intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that said first crushing assembly (3) comprises a first crushing plate (33) and a second crushing plate (34) symmetrically arranged on both sides of said first rotor (31).
4. The intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to claim 3, wherein said first (33) and second (34) crushing plates have upper ends connected to the inner wall of said intelligent reversible coal slime crusher and lower ends being free ends.
5. An intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that a first hydraulic mechanism (35) and a second hydraulic mechanism (36) are connected to the free ends of said first (33) and second (34) crushing plates, respectively.
6. An intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that said first hydraulic mechanism (35) and second hydraulic mechanism (36) are used to adjust the distance of said first (33) and second (34) crushing plates from said first rotor (31), respectively.
7. An intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that said second crushing assembly (5) comprises a second rotor (51) and a second ram (52), said second ram (52) being uniformly provided at the circumferential edge of said second rotor (51); the second rotor (51) is provided in plurality.
8. An intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to claim 7, characterized in that said second crushing assembly (5) further comprises an impact plate (53), said impact plate (53) being arranged on the same side as said second crushing plate (34).
9. An intelligent reversible coal slime crusher according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said relaxation screen (4) is arranged obliquely and between the first crushing assembly (3) and the second crushing assembly (5).
10. An intelligent coal slurry crushing method, characterized in that the intelligent reversible coal slurry crusher of claims 1-9 is adopted, and the steps comprise:
step 1: the first rotor (31) rotates clockwise to crush the coal slime for the first time;
step 2: the relaxation sieve (4) screens the primarily crushed coal slime, undersize materials are directly discharged, and oversize materials are conveyed to the second crushing assembly (5);
and step 3: the second crushing assembly (5) is used for carrying out secondary crushing on oversize materials;
when the load of the second rotor (51) exceeds a set threshold value, controlling the first hydraulic mechanism (35) to enable the first crushing plate (34) to be close to the first rotor (31), and reducing the gap between the first hammer head (32) and the first crushing plate (34);
when the load of the second rotor (51) falls back to the normal interval, the first hydraulic mechanism (35) is restored to the initial position, and intelligent adjustment of the load of the two-stage crushing is achieved.
And 4, step 4: when the abrasion of the first hammer head (32) reaches a set threshold value, the first rotor (31) reverses to crush the coal slime for one time.
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