CN114712660A - Olfactory stimulation system - Google Patents
Olfactory stimulation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114712660A CN114712660A CN202210303308.8A CN202210303308A CN114712660A CN 114712660 A CN114712660 A CN 114712660A CN 202210303308 A CN202210303308 A CN 202210303308A CN 114712660 A CN114712660 A CN 114712660A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of biological research and application, in particular to an olfactory stimulation system. The invention provides an olfactory stimulation system, comprising: the electronic control unit is connected to the gas odor generating unit, and the gas odor generating unit is used for generating odor gas for olfactory test; wherein the gas smell generating unit includes: an air supply part for supplying a required preparation gas; the odor generating part comprises a plurality of channels and is used for generating special odor and mixing the special odor with the required preparation gas to obtain the odor gas; an output terminal portion for delivering and conditioning the scent gas. The invention adopts a multi-channel design, can simultaneously convey different smells, utilizes software to synchronously correct and accurately control, and has accurate time control, concentration control and continuous stability control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological research and application, in particular to an olfactory stimulation system.
Background
Human five sense organs are major sensory organs contacting external information, and smells through the nasal cavity play an important role in human cognition and behavior. The odor can be used for distinguishing the types of food, beverage, perfume, flower fragrance and the like, and the odor also has certain influence on memory and emotion. Various diseases can lead to olfactory abnormalities of odors, including neurodegenerative diseases and the like. The health risks to the elderly are also increasing due to abnormal cognitive deterioration of the brain, such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson Disease (PD), Lewy Body Disease (LBD), etc. In recent years, the number of patients with neurodegenerative diseases such as AD, PD, LBD, etc. has increased dramatically worldwide, and the number of AD patients in china is also the top of the world. In neurodegenerative diseases, the normal aging process is the structural and biochemical changes in the brain regions that lead to hyposmia and correlate olfactory function. In patients with hyposmia and hyposmia, the brain's response to odors is markedly reduced, and hyposmia is one of the clinical manifestations of early cognitive decline. The brain's response to odor is also multifaceted; research also shows that the odor stimulation has a great number of positive effects on the brain, the odor enriches the representation of brain position cells, and the odor can be used as a road sign to greatly improve the navigation capability, so that a long-distance cognitive space map is further formed. The special fragrance also has the functions of soothing the nerves, relieving emotion, anxiety and fatigue, helping to improve attention and the like.
The research on the reaction of brain-related areas to odor and the loss decline of the odor of the brain is carried out by utilizing research technologies such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalogram (EEG) and the like, and the method is a positive and negative factor way for objectively evaluating human brain disease states and stimulating the generation of the brain. The research on the influence of the smell on the brain olfactory region and the brain neural network is of great significance. Eye vision and ear hearing studies can repeatedly present stimuli in a highly accurate manner spatially and temporally, typically with environmental odors varying with concentration and time.
The problem of researching smell is how to repeatedly and continuously quantify the stable smell of the presenting substance, and in research and exploration, it is important to provide a continuous quantitative concentration smell stimulation and smell stimulation system. Both for humans and for animals. Early olfactory instruments were developed to measure odor cue behavioral responses of rodents and some insects. Some olfactory identification cards have been designed for study by human subjects. The invention considers the limitation of the structure of the existing odor transmission device, continuity, repeatability and simultaneous stimulation of various types of odors or stimulation under background odor, considers the self-cleaning function of the air outlet end, the humidity increase of the air, the odor heat preservation and the drying and humidity numerical display when the humidity of the air inlet system is overlarge, realizes the compatibility test with the existing fMRI, EEG and other nerve technologies, and realizes the synchronous data acquisition of the neuroelectrophysiology and neuroimaging data under the triggering of different odors. Meanwhile, a multi-channel system is designed, and simultaneous or superimposed stimulation analysis of various odors such as liquid, gas, solid and the like can be performed on the same instrument system.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and providing a method for selecting a concentration of an irritant and a stimulation time, and providing a stable concentration of the odor and a repetition rate in a short time, with precise time control, and with simultaneous delivery of different odors, or simultaneous stimulation of different odors with the next step without stopping the stimulation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes an olfactory stimulating system, as shown in fig. 1, comprising:
the electronic control unit is connected to the gas smell generating unit, and the gas smell generating unit is used for generating smell gas for olfactory test;
wherein the gas smell generating unit includes:
an air supply part for supplying a required preparation gas;
a smell generating part, wherein the smell generating part comprises a plurality of channels, the input end of each channel is respectively connected to the output end of the air providing part, each channel is respectively used for conveying required preparation gas and controlling the flow of the required preparation gas, at least one channel is used for generating special smell, and the smell generating part is mixed with the required preparation gas according to the generated special smell to obtain the smell gas;
an output terminal portion, an input end of which is respectively connected to an output end of each channel, an output end of which is connected to a tested end, and the output terminal portion is used for conveying and regulating the odor gas;
the electronic control unit is used for controlling the working state of the channel so as to control the odor generating part to regulate the odor gas.
Further, the passages include a plurality of scent passages, and each scent passage includes:
a first float flow meter having an input as an input of the odor passage, the first float flow meter being for controlling an intake flow rate of the required preparation gas;
the input end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected to the output end of the first floater flowmeter, the three-way electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the on-off of the smell channel, and meanwhile, in order to ensure the stable gas pressure of the system, the three-way electromagnetic valve transfers the required preparation gas to the exhaust end of the three-way electromagnetic valve for discharging;
the input end of the first one-way valve is connected to the output end of the three-way electromagnetic valve, and the first one-way valve is used for preventing gas from flowing back;
the sample bottle is internally pre-provided with an odorant, and the input end of the sample bottle is connected with the output end of the first one-way valve and used for introducing gas to be prepared into the odorant to be mixed to obtain the odorant gas which is then output from the output end of the sample bottle;
a second one-way valve, an input end of the second one-way valve being connected to an output end of the sample bottle, an output end of the second one-way valve being an output end of the scent channel, the second one-way valve being configured to prevent backflow of gas;
further, the sample vial specifically includes:
a first bottle body, wherein the odorant is preset inside the first bottle body;
the first bottle cap is arranged above the first bottle body and used for sealing the first bottle body, and a plurality of first small holes are respectively formed in the first bottle cap;
a first air inlet cannula, wherein one end of the first air inlet cannula is used as the input end of the sample bottle, and the other end of the first air inlet cannula extends into the first bottle body through the first small hole and is positioned in the odorant;
one end of the first air outlet cannula is used as the output end of the sample bottle, and the other end of the first air outlet cannula extends into the first bottle body through the first small hole and is positioned above the odorant;
and a magnetic stirring heater is also arranged in the sample bottle and is used for continuously stirring the odorant so as to emit the special odor.
Further, the channel further includes a main air channel, and the main air channel includes:
the input end of the second float flowmeter is used as the input end of the main gas channel, and the second float flowmeter is used for controlling the gas inflow of the required preparation gas;
a third one-way valve having an input connected to the output of the second float flow meter, the third one-way valve for preventing backflow of gas;
the gas washing bottle is internally pre-added with deionized water, and the input end of the gas washing bottle is connected to the output end of the third one-way valve and used for introducing gas to be prepared into the deionized water to adjust the humidity and then outputting the gas from the output end of the gas washing bottle;
the input end of the fourth one-way valve is connected to the output end of the gas washing bottle, the output end of the fourth one-way valve is used as the output end of the main gas channel, and the fourth one-way valve is used for preventing gas from flowing back;
the main gas channel is used for continuously conveying required preparation gas, adjusting the humidity of the required preparation gas through the gas washing bottle, and taking the adjusted required preparation gas as background gas of the odor gas.
Further, the gas washing bottle specifically includes:
the deionized water is preset in the second bottle body;
the second bottle cap is arranged above the second bottle body and used for sealing the second bottle body, and a plurality of second small holes are formed in the second bottle cap respectively;
one end of the second air inlet insertion pipe is used as the input end of the gas washing bottle, and the other end of the second air inlet insertion pipe extends into the second bottle body through the second small hole and is positioned in the deionized water;
one end of the second air outlet insertion pipe is used as the output end of the gas washing bottle, and the other end of the second air outlet insertion pipe extends into the second bottle body through the second small hole and is positioned above the deionized water;
and the gas washing bottle is also internally provided with a magnetic stirring heater for heating the deionized water and adjusting the temperature of the gas to be prepared.
Further, a cleaning channel is further included in the channel, and the cleaning channel includes:
a third float flow meter, an input end of the third float flow meter is used as an input end of the cleaning channel, and the third float flow meter is used for controlling the air inflow of the required preparation gas;
a fifth one-way valve having an input connected to the output of the third float flow meter, the fifth one-way valve for preventing backflow of gas;
the input end of each two-way switch electromagnetic valve is connected to the output end of the fifth one-way valve through a first branch pipeline, the output end of each two-way switch electromagnetic valve is connected to the output ends of the other channels except the cleaning channel through a second branch pipeline, and each two-way switch electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the on-off of the cleaning channel so as to control the working state of gas cleaning of the connected channels.
Further, the output terminal part includes:
the gas regulating terminal is used as an input end of the output terminal part and comprises a plurality of input ends, each input end is respectively connected with an output end of the corresponding channel, and the gas regulating terminal is used for regulating the on-off of each channel and the output terminal part so as to regulate and convey the odor gas;
the input end of the gas testing device is connected to the output end of the gas regulating terminal, the gas testing device is used for conveying the odor gas, simultaneously testing to obtain the arrival time and the concentration value of the odor gas, taking the arrival time and the concentration value as the test result of the odor gas and outputting a corresponding result signal to mark that the odor gas is conveyed to the tested end;
and the input end of the conveying device is connected to the output end of the gas testing device, and the output end of the conveying device is used as the output end of the output terminal part and used for conveying the odor gas to the tested end.
Further, the conveying device specifically includes:
the input end of the conveying pipeline is used as the input end of the conveying device, and the output end of the conveying pipeline is connected to a tested device;
the conveying pipeline and the tested equipment both use polytetrafluoroethylene materials.
Further, the electronic control unit includes:
the heating control device is respectively connected to each magnetic stirring heater and is used for controlling each magnetic stirring heater;
the electronic processing device is respectively connected with the heating control device and an upper computer and is used for controlling the heating control device according to an instruction sent by the upper computer so as to control each magnetic stirring heater;
the electronic processing device is also respectively connected with the three-way electromagnetic valve and each two-way switch electromagnetic valve and is used for respectively controlling the three-way electromagnetic valve and each two-way switch electromagnetic valve according to an instruction sent by the upper computer so as to control the on-off of the smell channel and the cleaning channel.
The electronic processing device is also connected with the gas testing device and used for acquiring the testing result of the gas testing device;
and the upper computer is used for analyzing the test result acquired by the electronic processing device and a feedback result collected by the tested end so as to obtain the stimulation response condition of the olfactory stimulation system.
Further, the air supply part includes:
an air compressor for compressing a raw gas;
the input end of the storage tank is connected with the output end of the air compressor, and the storage tank is used for storing the compressed original gas;
the input end of the adsorption tank is connected to the output end of the storage tank through an external pipeline gas interface, and the adsorption tank is used for adsorbing gas pollutants in the original gas;
the output end of the external pipeline gas interface is connected to the input end of the adsorption tank, and the input end of the external pipeline gas interface is connected with other gas supply equipment and is used as a standby compressed original gas supply interface;
a filter having an input connected to an output of the canister, the filter for filtering particulates in the raw gas;
the input end of the dehumidifying tank is connected to the output end of the filter, and the dehumidifying tank is used for dehumidifying the original gas;
and the input end of the pressure stabilizing device is connected to the output end of the dehumidifying tank, the output end of the pressure stabilizing device is used as the output end of the air supply part, and the pressure stabilizing device is used for adjusting and maintaining the pressure of the original gas so as to prepare and form the required prepared gas.
The invention adopts a multi-channel design, can simultaneously convey different smells, utilizes software to synchronously correct, control and accurately control, solves the time control problem, provides stable smell concentration and repeatability through temperature control, and can select stimulators, the concentration of the stimulators, the stimulation time and the stimulation mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the olfactory stimulating system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the olfactory stimulating system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the control of the stability of the gas flow in a single scent channel of a plurality of scent channels in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the control of the flow stability of gas in the case of two of a plurality of scent channels being used simultaneously in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a control diagram of the stable gas flow when one of the plurality of scent channels is used as a background scent and the other scent channel is used as a superimposed scent in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to an olfactory stimulating system, as shown in fig. 1, comprising:
the device comprises a gas odor generating unit 1 and an electronic control unit 2, wherein the electronic control unit 2 is connected to the gas odor generating unit 1, and the gas odor generating unit 1 is used for generating odor gas for olfactory tests;
wherein the gas smell generating unit 1 includes:
an air supply part 3, the air supply part 3 is used for supplying required preparation gas;
the odor generating part 4 comprises a plurality of channels, the input ends of the channels are respectively connected to the output end of the air providing part 3, the channels are respectively used for conveying required preparation gas and controlling the flow of the required preparation gas, at least one channel is used for generating special odor, and the odor is generated by mixing the generated special odor and the required preparation gas to obtain odor gas;
an output terminal part 5, the input end of the output terminal part 5 is respectively connected to the output end of each channel, the output end of the output terminal part 5 is connected to a tested end 6, and the output terminal part 5 is used for conveying and regulating the odor gas;
the electronic control unit 2 is used to control the operating state of the channels to control the odor generating section 4 to regulate the odor gas.
Specifically, in this embodiment, each channel has the ability to independently close and regulate the flow, facilitating and fixing the use of different flow rates during testing without readjustment.
In this embodiment, the rationality, continuity and repeatability of the structure of the odor delivery device are considered, and the odor can provide continuous and reliable odor stimulation in constant airflow under the action of the carried gas through the multi-channel auxiliary gas, so that the airflow reaching the tested end 6 is stable and is not easy to feel.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the passages include a plurality of scent passages 16, and each scent passage 16 includes:
a first float flow meter 25, wherein the input end of the first float flow meter 25 is used as the input end of the smell channel 16, and the first float flow meter 25 is used for controlling the gas inflow rate of the required preparation gas;
the input end of the three-way electromagnetic valve 26 is connected to the output end of the first float flowmeter 25, the three-way electromagnetic valve 26 is used for controlling the on-off of the smell channel 16, and meanwhile, in order to ensure the stable gas pressure of the system, the three-way electromagnetic valve 26 rotates the required preparation gas to the exhaust end of the three-way electromagnetic valve for discharging;
a first check valve 27, an input end of the first check valve 27 is connected to an output end of the three-way solenoid valve 26, and the first check valve 27 is used for preventing gas from flowing back;
the sample bottle 28 is internally provided with an odorant, and the input end of the sample bottle 28 is connected with the output end of the first one-way valve 27 and used for introducing gas to be prepared into the odorant to be mixed to obtain odorant and then outputting the odorant from the output end of the sample bottle 28;
a second one-way valve 29, the input end of the second one-way valve 29 is connected to the output end of the sample bottle 28, the output end of the second one-way valve 29 is used as the output end of the smell channel 16, and the second one-way valve 29 is used for preventing the gas in the self or other channels from flowing back;
each scent channel 16 is used to continuously deliver a desired preparation gas and mix the desired preparation gas with a specific scent generated in the odorant via the sample bottle 28 to form the odorant.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the sample bottle 28 specifically includes:
the first bottle body is internally preset with an odorant;
the first bottle cap is arranged above the first bottle body and used for sealing the first bottle body, and a plurality of first small holes are respectively formed in the first bottle cap;
one end of the first air inlet cannula is used as the input end of the sample bottle 28, and the other end of the first air inlet cannula extends into the first bottle body through the first small hole and is positioned in the odorant;
one end of the first air outlet cannula is used as the output end of the sample bottle 28, and the other end of the first air outlet cannula extends into the first bottle body through the first small hole and is positioned above the odorant;
a magnetic stirring heater 23 is also provided in the sample bottle 28 for continuously stirring the odorant to emit a peculiar smell.
In this embodiment, the drying and display of the gas, the odor temperature control, the magnetic stirring control of the continuous concentration of the odor source, and the like are performed in consideration of the rationality of the structure of the odor transfer device, the self-cleaning of the gas outlet end, the humidity and temperature increase of the gas, the odor heat preservation, and the like.
In this embodiment, the sample bottle 28 and the like are made of glass, quartz glass, and the like, and the pipe behind the sample bottle 28 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and is connected by a quick-connect joint, so that durability and cleaning convenience are improved.
In this embodiment, the multiple scent channels 16 are designed to be used individually.
In this embodiment, the multiple scent channels 16 are designed to be used in 2 channels simultaneously.
In this embodiment, the plurality of scent channels 16 may be designed to use one channel as a background gas and another channel as a main stimulation channel to realize some special appearing scent stimuli under the background scent.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air passage further includes a main air passage 15, and the main air passage 15 includes:
a second float flow meter 20, an input end of the second float flow meter 20 is used as an input end of the main gas channel 15, and the second float flow meter 20 is used for controlling the gas inflow rate of the required preparation gas;
a third check valve 21, an input end of the third check valve 21 being connected to an output end of the second float flowmeter 20, the third check valve 21 being for preventing backflow of gas;
the washing gas bottle 22 is internally added with deionized water, and the input end of the washing gas bottle 22 is connected to the output end of the third one-way valve 21 and used for introducing the required preparation gas into the deionized water to adjust the humidity and then outputting the gas from the output end of the washing gas bottle 22;
a fourth check valve 24, an input end of the fourth check valve 24 is connected to an output end of the gas washing bottle 22, an output end of the fourth check valve 24 is used as an output end of the main gas channel 15, and the fourth check valve 24 is used for preventing gas backflow;
the main gas passage 15 is used to continuously supply the desired preparation gas, to adjust the humidity of the desired preparation gas by the purge bottle 22, and to use the adjusted desired preparation gas as a background gas of the odor gas.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the gas washing bottle 22 specifically includes:
the second bottle body is internally preset with deionized water;
the second bottle cap is arranged above the second bottle body and used for sealing the second bottle body, and a plurality of second small holes are respectively formed in the second bottle cap;
one end of the second air inlet insertion pipe is used as the input end of the gas washing bottle 22, and the other end of the second air inlet insertion pipe extends into the second bottle body through the second small hole and is positioned in the deionized water;
one end of the second air outlet insertion pipe is used as the output end of the gas washing bottle 22, and the other end of the second air outlet insertion pipe extends into the second bottle body through the second small hole and is positioned above the deionized water;
the gas washing bottle 22 is further provided with a magnetic stirring heater 23 for heating the deionized water and adjusting the temperature of the required preparation gas.
In this embodiment, the gas washing bottle 22 and the like are made of glass, quartz glass and the like, and the pipeline behind the gas washing bottle 22 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and is connected by a quick connector, so that the durability and the cleaning convenience are improved.
In the embodiment, the bottle cap is made of engineering plastics, so that the bottle cap is convenient to open, clean and add liquid, and the air inlet cannula is immersed under the horizontal plane to generate a bubbling effect.
In this embodiment, the magnetic stirrer 23 with heating function can be heated if necessary, and the temperature and humidity of the gas to be prepared can be adjusted by the main gas channel through the change of temperature and flow rate, so that the tested end 6 can form a comfortable gas flow.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the channel further includes a cleaning channel 14, and the cleaning channel 14 includes:
a third float flow meter 17, wherein the input end of the third float flow meter 17 is used as the input end of the cleaning channel 14, and the third float flow meter 17 is used for controlling the air inflow of the required preparation gas;
a fifth one-way valve 18, the input of the fifth one-way valve 18 being connected to the output of the third float flow meter 17, the fifth one-way valve 18 being used to avoid the required preparation gas for preventing gas backflow;
the input end of each two-way switch electromagnetic valve 19 is connected to the output end of the fifth one-way valve 18 through a first branch pipeline, the output end of each two-way switch electromagnetic valve 19 is connected to the output ends of other channels except the cleaning channel 14 through a second branch pipeline, and each two-way switch electromagnetic valve 19 is used for controlling the on-off of the cleaning channel so as to control the working state of gas cleaning of the connected channels
Specifically, in this embodiment, the cleaning channel 14 controls to open or stop pushing the required preparation gas to the gas outlet port of the connected other channel for cleaning;
in this embodiment, the purge channel 14 is used to purge the scent gas of the channel with the desired preparation gas while purging the channel.
In this embodiment, the cleaning channel 14 has precise odor starting transmission and continuous propulsion functions, ensures the continuous amount of the stimulating odor needed, and can clean the pipeline and provide stable airflow after ensuring the propulsion of the residual gas to the tested end 6, so that the airflow in the nasal cavity is constant.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the output terminal part 5 includes:
the gas regulating terminal 30 comprises a plurality of input ends serving as the output terminal part 5, the gas regulating terminal 30 comprises a plurality of input ends, each input end is respectively connected with the output end of a corresponding channel, and the gas regulating terminal 30 is used for regulating the on-off of each channel and the output terminal part 5 so as to regulate and convey the odor gas;
the input end of the gas testing device 31 is connected to the output end of the gas regulating terminal 30, the gas testing device 31 is used for conveying the odor gas, the arrival time and the concentration value of the odor gas are obtained through testing, the arrival time and the concentration value are used as testing result output signals of the odor gas, and the odor gas is identified to be conveyed to the tested end 6;
and a conveying device 32, an input end of the conveying device 32 is connected to an output end of the gas testing device 31, and an output end of the conveying device 32 is used as an output end of the output terminal part 5 and used for conveying the odor gas to the tested end 6.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the conveying device 32 includes:
the input end of the conveying pipe is used as the input end of the conveying device 32, the output end of the conveying pipe is connected to a tested device, and the tested device can be a nasal catheter or a mask;
a nasal catheter or mask for better receiving the scent gas by the test end 6 and for feedback;
the delivery tube and nasal cannula may be made of a polytetrafluoroethylene material.
In this embodiment, the gas testing device 31 can monitor the gas concentration and calibrate the time synchronization condition of the smell reaching the sense of the tested terminal 6 in real time.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electronic control unit 2 includes:
a heating control device 33, wherein the heating control device 33 is respectively connected to each magnetic stirring heater 23, and is used for controlling each magnetic stirring heater 23;
the electronic processing device 34 is respectively connected with the heating control device 33 and an upper computer 35 and is used for controlling the heating control device 33 according to instructions sent by the upper computer 35 so as to control each magnetic stirring heater 23;
the electronic processing device 34 is further connected to the three-way solenoid valve 26 and each two-way switch solenoid valve 19, and is configured to control the three-way solenoid valve 26 and each two-way switch solenoid valve 19 according to an instruction issued by the upper computer 35, so as to control on/off of the odor channel 16 and the cleaning channel 14.
The electronic processing device 34 is further connected with the gas testing device 31 and used for acquiring the testing result of the gas testing device 31;
the upper computer 35 is used for analyzing the test result obtained by the electronic processing device 34 and the feedback result collected by the tested end 6, so as to obtain the stimulation response condition of the olfactory stimulation system.
Specifically, in this embodiment, a computer control system is used, and software is used to control the gas valves, regulate flow, concentration and temperature, and design the stimulation pattern as required.
In the embodiment, the problems of time control and duration are solved by utilizing software synchronous correction control and accurate electromagnetic switch valve control and the auxiliary air flow channel.
In an embodiment, the upper computer 35 may be used to analyze the test result obtained by the electronic processing device 34 and the feedback result collected by the test terminal 6 to obtain the stimulation response condition of the olfactory stimulation system.
And meanwhile, a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalogram (EEG) and other testing instruments can be triggered on line by an upper computer to carry out synchronous odor induction testing so as to obtain the stimulation response condition of the olfactory stimulation system.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air supply part 4 includes:
the air compressor 7 is used for compressing the original gas;
the input end of the storage tank 8 is connected with the output end of the air compressor 7, and the storage tank 8 is used for storing compressed original gas;
the input end of the adsorption tank 10 is connected to the output end of the storage tank 8, and the adsorption tank 10 is used for adsorbing gas pollutants in the required preparation gas;
the output end of the external pipeline air interface 9 is connected to the input end of the adsorption tank 10, and the input end of the external pipeline air interface 9 is connected with other air supply equipment and used as a spare compressed original air supply interface;
a filter 11, wherein the input end of the filter 11 is connected to the output end of the adsorption tank 10, and the filter 11 is used for filtering particles in the raw gas;
the input end of the dehumidifying tank 12 is connected to the output end of the filter 11, and the dehumidifying tank 12 is used for dehumidifying the original gas;
and a pressure stabilizer 13, an input end of the pressure stabilizer 13 being connected to an output end of the dehumidifying tank 12, an output end of the pressure stabilizer 13 being an output end of the air supplying part 4, the pressure stabilizer 13 being used for adjusting and maintaining a pressure of the raw gas, thereby preparing and forming the desired prepared gas.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the canister 10 is a stainless steel shell with a differential pressure gauge, and activated carbon is used as the adsorbent.
In this embodiment, the filter 11 is a stainless steel shell with a differential pressure gauge, and the air filter 11 is a fiber filter element.
In this embodiment, the dehumidifying tank 12 adopts a transparent shell replaceable allochroic silica gel particle moisture absorption device, so that allochroic silica gel can be seen to change color, and the allochroic silica gel can be repeatedly used after replacement and treatment.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an odorant addition scent channel 16 is used alone, as shown in fig. 3:
1) the upper computer 35 controls the electronic processing device 34 to open the main air channel 15 at time t0, and adjusts the second float flowmeter 20 to make the flow of the required preparation gas entering the system be L/min, namely the main air flow is L/min, and the required preparation gas enters the tested end 6 (which can be the nasal cavity of the tested person) through the system, and at this time, the main air flow is kept constant at L/min.
2) Meanwhile, at time t0, a first odor channel of the odor channels 16 is opened, the three-way electromagnetic valve 26 in the first odor channel is opened, the first float flowmeter 25 is adjusted to make the flow rate of the gas to be prepared entering the system be x liters/minute, no odor agent is added to the sample bottle 28, the channel is only used as a channel of compensation gas flow, namely the flow rate of the compensation gas is x liters/minute, the compensation gas is continuously conveyed to the tested end 6, the gas flow generated in the tested end 6 is made to be the compensation gas flow rate x liters/minute + the main gas flow rate L liters/minute, namely the constant gas flow rate in the tested end 6 is ensured to be x + L liters/minute.
3) At time t1, a second odor channel of the plurality of odor channels 16 is opened, the three-way solenoid valve 26 in the second odor channel is opened, the odor is added to the sample bottle 28, and the first float flow meter 25 is adjusted to allow the desired preparation gas to flow into the system at time t2 at a flow rate of x liters/minute, i.e., the odor flow rate is x liters/minute. While starting to close the passage of the compensating gas flow (first scent passage) at time t1 and completely closing the passage of the compensating gas flow at time t2, so that the constant gas flow rate generated in the test end 6 by the mixed scent gas is maintained at x + L liters/min.
4) The delivery of the scent gas to the test end 6 is continued for a time period t2 to t 3. And adjusting the stimulation time according to the upper computer 35 for testing.
5) The three-way solenoid valve 26 for the second scent path is initially closed at time t3, i.e., the second scent path is closed, and the second scent path is fully closed at time t 4. The desired preparation gas is adjusted to exit the three-way solenoid valve 26 at its outlet and at time t3 the two-way solenoid valve 19 on the purge path 14 connected to the second scent path is opened, the propellant gas continues to push the scent gas at the end of the second scent path to the test site 6, and the propellant gas flow is maintained at x liters/minute at time t4 and continues to push. The two-way switching solenoid valve 19 connected to this passage is also kept open after the propelling operation is completed to continue the cleaning of the pipe, or the two-way switching solenoid valve 19 is closed at time t5 according to the experimental design.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, 2 odorant-added odor channels 16 are used simultaneously, as shown in fig. 4:
1) the upper computer 35 controls the electronic processing device 34 to open the main air channel 15 at time t0, and adjusts the second float flowmeter 20 to make the flow rate of the required preparation gas entering the system be L liter/min, namely the main air flow rate is L liter/min, and the required preparation gas enters the tested end 6 through the system, and at this time, the main air flow rate is kept constant at L liter/min.
2) Meanwhile, at time t0, a first odor channel of the odor channels 16 is opened, the three-way electromagnetic valve 26 in the first odor channel is opened, the first float flowmeter 25 is adjusted to make the flow rate of the gas to be prepared entering the system be x liters/minute, no odor agent is added into the sample bottle 28, the channel is only used as a channel of compensation gas flow, namely the flow rate of the compensation gas is x liters/minute, and the compensation gas is continuously conveyed to the tested end 6, so that the gas flow generated in the tested end 6 is the compensation gas flow rate x liters/minute + the main gas flow rate L liters/minute, namely x + L liters/minute.
3) At time t1, a second odor channel of the plurality of odor channels 16 is opened, the three-way solenoid valve 26 of the second odor channel is opened, the odor a is added to the sample bottle 28, and the first float flow meter 25 is adjusted to make the required preparation gas flow into the system at time t2 at x liters/minute, that is, the flow of the odor a is x liters/minute. While starting to close the passage of the compensating gas flow at time t1 and completely closing the passage of the compensating gas flow at time t2, so that the constant gas flow rate of the mixed scent gas generated in the test end 6 is maintained at x + L liters/minute.
4) The delivery of the scent gas to the test end 6 is continued for a time period t2 to t 3. And adjusting the stimulation time according to the upper computer 35 for testing.
5) The desired preparation gas is adjusted to the exhaust of the three-way solenoid valve 26 by initially closing the second scent path solenoid valve 26 at time t3, i.e., closing the second scent path, and completely closing the second scent path at time t 4. At the same time, the two-way solenoid valve 19 connected to the second smell channel on the cleaning channel 14 is opened at time t3, the propellant gas continues to push the smell gas at the end of the second smell channel to the tested terminal 6, and the flow rate of the propellant gas is maintained at x liters/minute at time t4 and continues to push. After the propelling work is finished, the two-way switch electromagnetic valve 19 connected with the channel is also kept open to continuously clean the pipeline, or the two-way switch electromagnetic valve 19 is closed according to the experimental design.
6) The valve connected to the second odor passage on the purge passage 14, the on-off solenoid valve 19, is closed starting at time t5, i.e., the supply of the propellant gas is stopped, and the propellant gas is completely stopped at time t 6. Meanwhile, at time t5, the third odor channel of the multiple odor channels 16 is opened, the three-way solenoid valve 26 in the third odor channel is opened, the odor b (which may be different from the odor in the second odor channel) is added into the sample bottle 28, the first float flow meter 25 is adjusted to make the required preparation gas reach the flow rate of the gas entering the system at time t6 at x liters/minute, that is, the flow rate of the odor b is x liters/minute, and the constant gas flow rate generated by the mixed odor gas in the tested end 6 is kept at x + L liters/minute.
7) The three-way solenoid valve 26 for the third scent path is closed beginning at time t7, i.e., the third scent path is closed, and the third scent path is fully closed at time t8, and the desired preparation gas is regulated to the exhaust port of the three-way solenoid valve 26 for discharge. At the same time, the two-way solenoid valve 19 connected to the second smell channel on the cleaning channel 14 is opened at time t7, the propelling gas continues to push the smell gas at the end of the third smell channel to the tested terminal 6, and the propelling gas flow is kept at x liter/min at time t8 and continues to propel. The two-way switching solenoid valve 19 connected to this passage is also kept open after the propelling operation is completed to continue the cleaning of the pipe, or the two-way switching solenoid valve 19 is closed at time t9 according to the experimental design.
8) The above steps can be cyclically alternated to stimulate different odors.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, 1 odor channel 16 with odorant added is used as background odor, and another 1 odor channel is used as superimposed odor, as shown in fig. 5:
1) the upper computer 35 controls the electronic processing device 34 to open the main air channel 15 at time t0, and adjusts the second float flowmeter 20 to make the flow rate of the required preparation gas entering the system be L liter/min, namely the main air flow rate is L liter/min, and the required preparation gas enters the tested end 6 through the system, and at this time, the main air flow rate is kept constant at L liter/min.
2) Meanwhile, at time t0, a first odor channel of the odor channels 16 is opened, the three-way electromagnetic valve 26 in the first odor channel is opened, the first float flowmeter 25 is adjusted to make the flow rate of the gas to be prepared entering the system be x liters/minute, no odor agent is added into the sample bottle 28, the channel is only used as a channel of compensation gas flow, namely the flow rate of the compensation gas is x liters/minute, and the compensation gas is continuously conveyed to the tested end 6, so that the gas flow generated in the tested end 6 is the compensation gas flow rate x liters/minute + the main gas flow rate L liters/minute, namely x + L liters/minute.
3) At time t1, a second odor channel of the plurality of odor channels 16 is opened, the three-way solenoid valve 26 of the second odor channel is opened, the odor c (as background odor) is added to the sample bottle 28, and the first float flow meter 25 is adjusted to make the required preparation gas flow at time t2 to reach the flow rate of the gas entering the system at x liters/minute, i.e. the background gas flow rate is at x liters/minute. While starting to close the passage of the compensating gas flow at time t1 and completely closing the passage of the compensating gas flow at time t2, so that the constant gas flow rate of the mixed scent gas generated in the test end 6 is maintained at x + L liters/minute.
4) The delivery of the scent gas to the test end 6 is continued for a time t2 to t 3. And adjusting the stimulation time according to the upper computer 35 to test the smell of the second smell channel.
5) Starting to open a third odor channel in the plurality of odor channels 16 at t3, opening a three-way electromagnetic valve 26 of the third odor channel, adding an odor agent d (which may be different from the odor agent c and is used as an additive odor) into the sample bottle 28, and adjusting the first float flowmeter 25 to make the required preparation gas reach the flow rate of the gas entering the system at t4 of x liters/minute, namely the additive gas flow rate of x liters/minute. And simultaneously, the main air flow in the main air channel 15 is turned down at the time t3, the main air flow is stopped to be reduced after the flow of the main air flow at the time t4 is reduced by x liters/minute, the main air flow is kept at the time of L-x liters/minute, and the constant air flow generated by the mixed odor gas in the tested end 6 is kept at the time of x + L liters/minute.
6) The three-way solenoid valve 26 for the third scent path begins to close at time t5, i.e., close the third scent path, and fully closes at time t6, depending on the length of time that needs to be measured. At the same time, the main air flow in the main air channel 15 is adjusted to be high at time t5, so that after the main air flow is increased by x liters/minute at time t6, the increase of the main air flow is stopped, that is, the main air flow is returned to L liters/minute, and the constant air flow generated in the tested end 6 by the mixed odor gas is maintained at x + L liters/minute.
7) The background smell of the second smell channel continues from time t3 to time t6, and the second smell channel is closed at time t7 and completely closed at time t8 according to the designed time of the upper computer 35. Meanwhile, the two-way switch solenoid valve 19 connected with the second smell channel on the cleaning channel 14 is started to be opened at t7, the propelling gas continues to push the smell gas at the tail end of the second smell channel to reach the tested end 6, the flow rate of the propelling gas is kept at x liter/min at t8, and the two-way switch solenoid valve 19 connected with the channel is also kept opened after the propelling work is finished so as to continue cleaning the pipeline, or the two-way switch solenoid valve 19 is closed at t9 according to the experimental design.
In summary, the olfactory stimulating system provided by the invention adopts a multi-channel design, is compatible with the odors of liquid, solid and gas, can simultaneously deliver different odors, or simultaneously stimulate different odors without stopping stimulation and carry out the next step, can also solve the problem of measuring a concentration sensing threshold, has accurate time control, concentration control and continuous stability control, and is suitable for both human beings and animals.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An olfactory stimulation system, which is characterized by comprising a gas odor generating unit and an electronic control unit, wherein the electronic control unit is connected to the gas odor generating unit, and the gas odor generating unit is used for generating odor gas for olfactory test;
wherein the gas smell generating unit includes:
an air supply part for supplying a required preparation gas;
a smell generating part, wherein the smell generating part comprises a plurality of channels, the input end of each channel is respectively connected to the output end of the air providing part, each channel is respectively used for conveying required preparation gas and controlling the flow of the required preparation gas, at least one channel is used for generating special smell, and the smell generating part is mixed with the required preparation gas according to the generated special smell to obtain the smell gas;
an output terminal portion, an input end of which is respectively connected to an output end of each channel, an output end of which is connected to a tested end, and the output terminal portion is used for conveying and regulating the odor gas;
the electronic control unit is used for controlling the working state of the channel so as to control the odor generating part to regulate the odor gas.
2. The olfactory stimulation system of claim 1 wherein the channels include a plurality of scent channels therein, each scent channel including:
a first float flow meter having an input as an input of the odor passage, the first float flow meter being for controlling an intake flow rate of the required preparation gas;
the input end of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected to the output end of the first floater flowmeter, the three-way electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the on-off of the smell channel, and meanwhile, in order to ensure the stable gas pressure of the system, the three-way electromagnetic valve transfers the required preparation gas to the exhaust end of the three-way electromagnetic valve for discharging;
the input end of the first one-way valve is connected to the output end of the three-way electromagnetic valve, and the first one-way valve is used for preventing gas from flowing back;
the sample bottle is internally pre-provided with an odorant, and the input end of the sample bottle is connected with the output end of the first one-way valve and is used for introducing a required preparation gas into the odorant to be mixed to obtain the odorant gas which is then output from the output end of the sample bottle;
a second one-way valve, an input end of the second one-way valve being connected to an output end of the sample bottle, an output end of the second one-way valve being an output end of the scent channel, the second one-way valve being configured to prevent backflow of gas.
3. The olfactory stimulation system of claim 2 wherein the sample vial specifically comprises:
a first bottle body, wherein the odorant is preset in the first bottle body;
the first bottle cap is arranged above the first bottle body and used for sealing the first bottle body, and a plurality of first small holes are respectively formed in the first bottle cap;
a first air inlet cannula, wherein one end of the first air inlet cannula is used as the input end of the sample bottle, and the other end of the first air inlet cannula extends into the first bottle body through the first small hole and is positioned in the odorant;
one end of the first air outlet cannula is used as the output end of the sample bottle, and the other end of the first air outlet cannula extends into the first bottle body through the first small hole and is positioned above the odorant;
and a magnetic stirring heater is also arranged in the sample bottle and is used for continuously stirring the odorant so as to emit the special odor.
4. The olfactory stimulation system of claim 2 wherein,
the channel further comprises a main air channel, and the main air channel comprises:
the input end of the second float flowmeter is used as the input end of the main gas channel, and the second float flowmeter is used for controlling the gas inflow of the required preparation gas;
a third one-way valve having an input connected to the output of the second float flow meter, the third one-way valve for preventing backflow of gas;
the gas washing bottle is internally pre-added with deionized water, and the input end of the gas washing bottle is connected to the output end of the third one-way valve and used for introducing gas to be prepared into the deionized water to adjust the humidity and then outputting the gas from the output end of the gas washing bottle;
a fourth one-way valve, an input end of the fourth one-way valve is connected to an output end of the gas washing bottle, an output end of the fourth one-way valve is used as an output end of the main gas channel, and the fourth one-way valve is used for preventing gas backflow;
the main gas channel is used for continuously conveying required preparation gas, adjusting the humidity of the required preparation gas through the gas washing bottle, and taking the adjusted required preparation gas as background gas of the odor gas.
5. The olfactory stimulation system of claim 4 wherein the gas wash bottle comprises in particular:
the deionized water is preset in the second bottle body;
the second bottle cap is arranged above the second bottle body and used for sealing the second bottle body, and a plurality of second small holes are formed in the second bottle cap respectively;
one end of the second air inlet insertion pipe is used as the input end of the gas washing bottle, and the other end of the second air inlet insertion pipe extends into the second bottle body through the second small hole and is positioned in the deionized water;
one end of the second air outlet insertion pipe is used as the output end of the gas washing bottle, and the other end of the second air outlet insertion pipe extends into the second bottle body through the second small hole and is positioned above the deionized water;
and the gas washing bottle is also internally provided with a magnetic stirring heater for heating the deionized water and adjusting the temperature of the gas to be prepared.
6. The olfactory stimulation system of claim 3 or claim 5 wherein said channel further comprises a purge channel, said purge channel comprising:
a third float flow meter, an input end of the third float flow meter is used as an input end of the cleaning channel, and the third float flow meter is used for controlling the air inflow of the required preparation gas;
a fifth one-way valve having an input connected to the output of the third float flow meter, the fifth one-way valve for preventing backflow of gas;
the input end of each two-way switching electromagnetic valve is connected to the output end of the fifth one-way valve through a first branch pipeline, the output end of each two-way switching electromagnetic valve is connected to the output ends of the other channels except the cleaning channel through a second branch pipeline, and each two-way switching electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the on-off of the cleaning channel so as to control the gas cleaning working state of the connected channel.
7. The olfactory stimulation system of claim 6 wherein the output terminal portion comprises:
the gas regulating terminal is used as an input end of the output terminal part and comprises a plurality of input ends, each input end is respectively connected with an output end of the corresponding channel, and the gas regulating terminal is used for regulating the on-off of each channel and the output terminal part so as to regulate and convey the odor gas;
the input end of the gas testing device is connected to the output end of the gas regulating terminal, the gas testing device is used for conveying the odor gas, simultaneously testing to obtain the arrival time and the concentration value of the odor gas, taking the arrival time and the concentration value as the test result of the odor gas and outputting a corresponding result signal to mark that the odor gas is conveyed to the tested end;
and the input end of the conveying device is connected to the output end of the gas testing device, and the output end of the conveying device is used as the output end of the output terminal part and used for conveying the odor gas to the tested end.
8. The olfactory stimulation system of claim 7 wherein the delivery device specifically comprises:
the input end of the conveying pipeline is used as the input end of the conveying device, and the output end of the conveying pipeline is connected to a tested device;
the conveying pipeline and the tested equipment both use polytetrafluoroethylene materials.
9. The olfactory stimulation system of claim 7 wherein the electronic control unit includes:
the heating control device is respectively connected to each magnetic stirring heater and is used for controlling each magnetic stirring heater;
the electronic processing device is respectively connected with the heating control device and an upper computer and is used for controlling the heating control device according to an instruction sent by the upper computer so as to control each magnetic stirring heater;
the electronic processing device is also respectively connected with the three-way electromagnetic valve and each two-way switch electromagnetic valve and is used for respectively controlling the three-way electromagnetic valve and each two-way switch electromagnetic valve according to an instruction sent by the upper computer so as to control the on-off of the smell channel and the cleaning channel.
The electronic processing device is also connected with the gas testing device and is used for acquiring the testing result of the gas testing device;
the upper computer is used for analyzing the test result acquired by the electronic processing device and a feedback result collected by the tested end so as to obtain the stimulation response condition of the olfactory stimulation system.
10. The olfactory stimulation system of claim 1 wherein the air supply section comprises:
an air compressor for compressing a raw gas;
the input end of the storage tank is connected with the output end of the air compressor, and the storage tank is used for storing the compressed original gas; the input end of the adsorption tank is connected to the output end of the storage tank, and the adsorption tank is used for adsorbing gas pollutants in the original gas;
the output end of the external pipeline gas interface is connected to the input end of the adsorption tank, and the input end of the external pipeline gas interface is connected with at least one external gas supply device and used for providing the standby original gas;
a filter having an input connected to an output of the canister, the filter for filtering particulates in the raw gas;
the input end of the dehumidifying tank is connected to the output end of the filter, and the dehumidifying tank is used for dehumidifying the original gas;
and the input end of the pressure stabilizing device is connected to the output end of the dehumidifying tank, the output end of the pressure stabilizing device is used as the output end of the air supply part, and the pressure stabilizing device is used for adjusting and maintaining the pressure of the original gas so as to prepare and form the required prepared gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210303308.8A CN114712660A (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Olfactory stimulation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210303308.8A CN114712660A (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Olfactory stimulation system |
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| CN114712660A true CN114712660A (en) | 2022-07-08 |
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| CN202210303308.8A Pending CN114712660A (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Olfactory stimulation system |
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