CN114709607A - Antenna unit and television antenna - Google Patents
Antenna unit and television antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114709607A CN114709607A CN202210334382.6A CN202210334382A CN114709607A CN 114709607 A CN114709607 A CN 114709607A CN 202210334382 A CN202210334382 A CN 202210334382A CN 114709607 A CN114709607 A CN 114709607A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, and provides an antenna unit and a television antenna, wherein the antenna unit comprises: a dielectric substrate having opposing first and second faces; the first oscillator structure is arranged on the first surface and comprises a connecting part, a first gradual change part and a second gradual change part, and a first connecting point and a second connecting point are respectively arranged at one end of the first gradual change part and one end of the second gradual change part; the second oscillator structure is arranged on the second surface and comprises a third gradual change part and a fourth gradual change part, a third connection point is arranged at one end of the third gradual change part, and a fourth connection point is arranged at one end of the fourth gradual change part; and the connecting assembly electrically connects the first connecting point and the fourth connecting point together, and the second connecting point and the third connecting point together. The antenna unit of the application improves the gain and the bandwidth of the antenna unit in the horizontal direction.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna unit and a television antenna.
Background
An antenna is an essential part of wireless transmission, which performs signal transmission mainly by transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, and with the development of technology, various forms of antennas have been developed.
Vivaldi antennas, also known as tapered slot antennas, are an ideal antenna for broadband applications. It has simple structure, easy manufacture and high gain, and is very popular.
Although the bandwidth of the conventional Vivaldi antenna is very wide, the directional diagram of the conventional Vivaldi antenna is mainly towards the end-fire direction, the horizontal gain of the antenna is not high, and for the frequency band of the television antenna, signals of many television towers are transmitted by horizontal polarized waves, so that the conventional television antenna cannot well receive electromagnetic waves from the horizontal polarization, and the searched television channels are few.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an antenna unit and a television antenna, which are used for improving the gain and the bandwidth of the antenna in the horizontal direction.
An embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides an antenna unit, including:
a dielectric substrate having opposing first and second faces;
the first oscillator structure is arranged on the first surface and comprises a connecting part, a first gradual change part and a second gradual change part, the first gradual change part and the second gradual change part are connected to the connecting part and symmetrically arranged about a virtual plane, the virtual plane evenly divides the connecting part, one end of the first gradual change part is connected with the connecting part, the other end of the first gradual change part and one end of the second gradual change part, which is far away from the connecting part, are arranged at intervals, and a first connecting point and a second connecting point are respectively arranged at one end of the first gradual change part, which is far away from the connecting part, and one end of the second gradual change part, which is far away from the connecting part;
the first vibrator structure is arranged on the first face and comprises a first gradual change portion and a second gradual change portion which are symmetrical about the virtual plane and are arranged at intervals, a first connection point is arranged at one end of the first gradual change portion, the first connection point is opposite to the first connection point, a second connection point is arranged at one end of the second gradual change portion, and the second connection point is opposite to the first connection point; and
the first connection point and the fourth connection point are electrically connected, the second connection point and the third connection point are electrically connected, and the connection assembly is further used for being connected with a feed unit, so that the feed unit feeds the first oscillator structure and the second oscillator structure.
In some of these embodiments, the width of the first gradually changing portion gradually increases along a gradually changing direction parallel to the virtual plane, and the first gradually changing portion and the second gradually changing portion gradually decrease along a minimum distance perpendicular to the virtual plane; along the gradual change direction, the width of the third gradual change portion gradually increases, and the maximum distance between the third gradual change portion and the fourth gradual change portion along the direction perpendicular to the virtual plane gradually increases.
In some embodiments, the second oscillator structure further includes a first bending portion and a second bending portion, the first bending portion and the second bending portion are symmetrically disposed about the virtual plane, the first bending portion is connected to the third gradual change portion, and the second bending portion is connected to the fourth gradual change portion; one end of the first bending part is connected with one end of the third gradual change part far away from the third connection point, and the first bending part surrounds one end of the third gradual change part far away from the third connection point inside the first bending part.
In some embodiments, the second oscillator structure further includes a third bending portion and a fourth bending portion, the third bending portion and the fourth bending portion are symmetrically disposed about the virtual plane, the third bending portion is connected to the third gradual change portion, and the fourth bending portion is connected to the fourth gradual change portion; the third bending part is located between the first bending part and the third gradual change part, one end of the third bending part is connected with one end of the third gradual change part, which is far away from the connection point, and the other end of the third bending part is connected with one end of the first bending part, which is far away from the third gradual change part.
In some of these embodiments, the second vibrator structure further includes a first connection line connecting the third gradation portion and the fourth gradation portion.
In some embodiments, the first connecting lines are arranged in parallel and at intervals along the gradual change direction, and the widths of the first connecting lines decrease sequentially along the gradual change direction.
A maximum distance between the third gradation portion and the fourth gradation portion in a direction perpendicular to the virtual plane is 220mm to 280 mm.
In some of these embodiments, the connection assembly comprises:
the circuit board is provided with a first via hole and a second via hole;
the first microstrip line is arranged on one side face of the circuit board and comprises a first via line and a second via line which are collinear and arranged at intervals, one end of the first via line, which is far away from the second via line, is electrically connected with the first connecting point, and one end of the second via line, which is far away from the first via line, is electrically connected with the second connecting point;
one end of the first feeding balun line is electrically connected with the second via line, and the other end of the first feeding balun line is connected with a feeding point;
the second microstrip line and the first microstrip line are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the circuit board, the second microstrip line comprises a third via line and a fourth via line which are collinear and arranged at intervals, one end of the third via line, which is far away from the fourth via line, is electrically connected with the third connecting point, one end of the third via line, which is close to the fourth via line, is electrically connected with one end of the second via line, which is close to the first via line, through the second via hole, one end of the fourth via line, which is far away from the third via line, is electrically connected with the fourth connecting point, and one end of the fourth via line, which is close to the third via line, is electrically connected with one end of the first via line, which is close to the second via line, through the first via hole;
one end of the second feeding balun line is electrically connected with the fourth via line, and the other end of the second feeding balun line is connected with a grounding point.
In some of these embodiments, the first feed balun line has a line width of 1.0mm to 2.5 mm.
An embodiment of a second aspect of the present application provides a television antenna comprising an antenna unit as described in the first aspect.
The antenna unit that this application embodiment provided, beneficial effect lies in: because the first gradual change portion and the second gradual change portion in the first oscillator structure are symmetrical about the virtual plane and set up, third gradual change portion and fourth gradual change portion in the second oscillator structure are symmetrical about the virtual plane and interval, the third connecting point sets up relatively with first connecting point, the fourth connecting point sets up relatively with the second connecting point, and coupling assembling is first connecting point and fourth connecting point, second connecting point and third connecting point all electric connection together, so when first oscillator structure and second oscillator structure arouse equal amplitude reverse electric field, because the electric field vertical component range that the two arouse is equal, the opposite direction and mutual cancellation, so its electric field of horizontal direction can strengthen, thereby can improve the gain of the horizontal direction of antenna element, expand antenna element bandwidth, make it can effectively receive more signals.
Compared with the prior art, the television antenna provided by the embodiment has the beneficial effects that the beneficial effects of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the application compared with the prior art are not repeated herein.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a front view of an antenna unit in one embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a front view of a first element structure of the antenna unit shown in fig. 1;
fig. 3 is a rear view of the antenna unit shown in fig. 1;
fig. 4 is a rear view of a second element structure of the antenna unit shown in fig. 1;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a second transducer structure in another embodiment;
fig. 6 is a front view of a second transducer structure in a further embodiment;
fig. 7 is a front view of a second transducer structure in still another embodiment;
fig. 8 is a front view of a connection assembly in the antenna unit shown in fig. 1;
fig. 9 is a rear view of the connection assembly of the antenna unit shown in fig. 1;
fig. 10 is a graph of analog gain testing of the antenna element shown in fig. 1;
fig. 11 is a simulated reflection test chart of the antenna unit shown in fig. 1.
The designations in the figures mean:
100. an antenna unit; 10. a dielectric substrate; 11. a first side; 12. a second face; 20. a first oscillator structure; 21. a connecting portion; 22. a first gradually changing portion; 221. a first connection point; 23. a second gradually changing portion; 231. a second connection point; 30. a second vibrator structure; 31. a third gradually changing portion; 311. a third connection point; 32. a fourth gradually changing portion; 321. a fourth connection point; 33. a first bent portion; 34. a second bent portion; 35. a third bent portion; 36. a fourth bent portion; 37. a first connecting line; 40. a connecting assembly; 41. a circuit board; 411. a first via hole; 412. a second via hole; 42. a first microstrip line; 421. a first via line; 422. a second via line; 43. a first feed balun line; 431. a feed point; 44. a second microstrip line; 441. a third via line; 442. a fourth via line; 45. a second feed balun line; 451. a ground point; 50. a virtual plane.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In order to explain the technical solution of the present application, the following description is made with reference to the specific drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides an antenna unit 100, which is used in a television antenna, where the antenna unit 100 includes a dielectric substrate 10, a first element structure 20, a second element structure 30, and a connecting component 40.
The dielectric substrate 10 has a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 opposite to each other, and the material of the dielectric substrate 10 may be PVC, plastic, acryl, or a PCB plate.
The first vibrator structure 20 is disposed on the first face 11, the first vibrator structure 20 includes a connection portion 21, the medium substrate comprises a first gradually-changing portion 22 and a second gradually-changing portion 23, wherein the first gradually-changing portion 22 and the second gradually-changing portion 23 are connected to a connecting portion 21 and symmetrically arranged about a virtual plane 50 (the virtual plane 50 is perpendicular to the view direction in the drawing), the virtual plane 50 is perpendicular to a first surface 11 of the medium substrate 10 and perpendicular to a second surface 12 of the medium substrate 10, the virtual plane 50 evenly divides the connecting portion 21, one end of the first gradually-changing portion 22 is connected with the connecting portion 21, the other end of the first gradually-changing portion 22 and one end of the second gradually-changing portion 23, which is far away from the connecting portion 21, are arranged at intervals, one end of the second gradually-changing portion 23 is connected with the connecting portion 21, and one end of the first gradually-changing portion 22, which is far away from the connecting portion 21, and one end of the second gradually-changing portion 23, which is far away from the connecting portion 21, are respectively provided with a first connecting point 221 and a second connecting point 231.
The second transducer structure 30 is disposed on the second surface 12, the second transducer structure 30 includes a third gradually-changing portion 31 and a fourth gradually-changing portion 32 that are symmetrical about the virtual plane 50 and are disposed at intervals, one end of the third gradually-changing portion 31 is provided with a third connection point 311, the third connection point 311 is disposed opposite to the first connection point 221, one end of the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 is provided with a fourth connection point 321, and the fourth connection point 321 is disposed opposite to the second connection point 231.
The connection assembly 40 electrically connects the first connection point 221 and the fourth connection point 321, the connection assembly 40 further electrically connects the second connection point 231 and the third connection point 311, and the connection assembly 40 is further used for connecting with the feeding unit, so that the feeding unit feeds the first oscillator structure 20 and the second oscillator structure 30.
Alternatively, the connection assembly 40 may employ a microstrip feed balun, a T-type two-wire power divider, and the like, and the feed unit may include a test connector or a coaxial line, and the like.
In the antenna unit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, since the first gradually-changing portion 22 and the second gradually-changing portion 23 in the first element structure 20 are symmetrically disposed about the virtual plane 50, the third gradually-changing portion 31 and the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 in the second element structure 30 are symmetrically disposed about the virtual plane 50 and spaced apart from each other, the third connection point 311 is disposed opposite to the first connection point 221, the fourth connection point 321 is disposed opposite to the second connection point 231, and the connection assembly 40 electrically connects the first connection point 221, the fourth connection point 321, the second connection point 231, and the third connection point 311 together, when the first element structure 20 and the second element structure 30 excite equal-amplitude opposite electric fields, the vertical components of the electric fields excited by the two are equal in amplitude and opposite in direction and cancel each other out, so that the electric field in the horizontal direction is enhanced, thereby increasing the gain of the antenna unit 100 in the horizontal direction, the bandwidth of the antenna unit 100 is extended to effectively receive more signals.
Further, a portion of the third gradually-changing portion 31 is disposed opposite to a portion of the first gradually-changing portion 22, and a portion of the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 is disposed opposite to a portion of the second gradually-changing portion 23, so as to improve the bandwidth and the gain of the antenna unit 100.
In the embodiment, the dielectric substrate 10 is made of a PVC material with a thickness of 1.0mm to 1.2mm, and both performance and cost are considered.
The antenna unit 100 provided in the above embodiment may be used to receive signals in a UHF (ultra high frequency) band (470MHz-886 MHz).
With continued reference to fig. 1 to 4, in order to improve the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna unit 100 and expand the bandwidth, in the present embodiment, along a tapering direction parallel to the virtual plane 50, the tapering direction is parallel to the first surface 11 and parallel to the virtual plane 50, and the first tapering portion 22 points to the connection portion 21 (as indicated by an arrow in the figure), the width of the first tapering portion 22 gradually increases, the width of the second tapering portion 23 gradually increases, and the minimum distance between the first tapering portion 22 and the second tapering portion 23 along the direction perpendicular to the virtual plane 50 gradually decreases. The side of the first gradually-changing portion 22 away from the second gradually-changing portion 23 is substantially parallel to the virtual plane 50, and the side of the first gradually-changing portion 22 close to the second gradually-changing portion 23 may be an arc line or an oblique line.
In the gradation direction, the width of the third gradation portion 31 gradually increases, the width of the fourth gradation portion 32 gradually increases, and the maximum distance between the third gradation portion 31 and the fourth gradation portion 32 in the direction perpendicular to the virtual plane 50 gradually increases. This improves the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna element 100 and extends the bandwidth. If the side of the third gradually-changing portion 31 close to the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 is substantially parallel to the virtual plane 50, the side of the third gradually-changing portion 31 far from the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 is an arc line or an oblique line, etc.
Specifically, the height of the first gradually changing portion 22 in the gradually changing direction is 220mm to 225mm, such as 220mm, 230mm, 240mm or 250mm, the height of the second gradually changing portion 23 in the gradually changing direction is 220mm to 225mm, such as 220mm, 230mm, 240mm or 250mm, the maximum distance between the first gradually changing portion 22 and the second gradually changing portion 23 in the direction perpendicular to the virtual plane 50 is 60mm to 80mm, such as 60mm, 70mm, 75mm or 80mm, the line width of the first gradually changing portion 22 is 3mm to 10mm, such as 3mm, 5mm, 7mm or 10mm, and the line width of the second gradually changing portion 23 is 3mm to 10mm, such as 3mm, 5mm, 7mm or 10 mm. In this way, the antenna unit 100 can better receive signals in the UHF band.
Further, in the direction perpendicular to the virtual plane 50, the maximum distance D between the third gradually-changing portion 31 and the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 is 220mm to 280mm, such as 220mm, 250mm, 270mm, or 280mm, so that the effect of the antenna unit 100 for receiving signals in the UHF band can be further improved.
Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the second transducer structure 30 further includes a first bending portion 33 and a second bending portion 34, the first bending portion 33 and the second bending portion 34 are symmetrically disposed about the virtual plane 50, the first bending portion 33 is connected to the third gradual change portion 31, and the second bending portion 34 is connected to the fourth gradual change portion 32; one end of the first bending portion 33 is connected to one end of the third gradually-changing portion 31 away from the third connection point 311, and the first bending portion 33 surrounds one end of the third gradually-changing portion 31 away from the third connection point 311 inside the first bending portion 33; one end of the second bending portion 34 is connected to one end of the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 away from the fourth connection point 321, and the second bending portion 34 surrounds one end of the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 away from the fourth connection point 321 inside the second bending portion 34.
By adopting the above scheme, not only the antenna unit 100 can receive signals in a VHF (very high frequency) band (174MHz-230MHz), and the bandwidth and the gain of the antenna unit 100 are improved, but also the effective radiation areas of the first bending part 33 and the second bending part 34 can be improved, and the bandwidth and the gain of the antenna unit 100 can be further improved, because the first bending part 33 surrounds one end of the third gradually-changing part 31 away from the third connection point 311 inside the first bending part 33, and the second bending part 34 surrounds one end of the fourth gradually-changing part 32 away from the fourth connection point 321 inside the second bending part 34; in addition, the first bent portion 33 and the second bent portion 34 can provide a metal frame structure for the dielectric substrate 10, so that the overall structural performance of the antenna unit 100 is improved.
Optionally, the first bent portion 33 and the second bent portion 34 are distributed along the edge of the second surface 12, an end of the first bent portion 33 close to the third connection point 311 is spaced from the third connection point 311, and an end of the second bent portion 34 close to the fourth connection point 321 is spaced from the fourth connection point 321. In this way, the area of the dielectric substrate 10 can be used to the maximum extent, and the antenna unit 100 can be miniaturized.
Optionally, an end of the first bending portion 33 away from the third gradually-changing portion 31 extends toward the inside of the second surface 12, and an end of the second bending portion 34 away from the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 extends toward the inside of the second surface 12, so as to optimize the gain of the low frequency end 174MHz and reduce the area occupied by the first bending portion 33.
The width of the first bent portion 33 is 3mm-8mm, such as 3mm, 5mm, 7mm or 8mm, so that the antenna unit 100 can receive signals in the VHF band more effectively.
Further, the second vibrator structure 30 further includes a third bending portion 35 and a fourth bending portion 36, the third bending portion 35 and the fourth bending portion 36 are symmetrically disposed about the virtual plane 50, the third bending portion 35 is connected to the third gradually-changing portion 31, and the fourth bending portion 36 is connected to the fourth gradually-changing portion 32; the third bending portion 35 is located between the first bending portion 33 and the third gradual change portion 31, one end of the third bending portion 35 is connected to one end of the third gradual change portion 31 away from the connection point, and the other end of the third bending portion 35 is connected to one end of the first bending portion 33 away from the third gradual change portion 31; the fourth bending portion 36 is located between the second bending portion 34 and the fourth gradually-changing portion 32, one end of the fourth bending portion 36 is connected to the end of the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 away from the connection point, and the other end of the fourth bending portion 36 is connected to the end of the second bending portion 34 away from the fourth gradually-changing portion 32. Therefore, the bandwidth of the VHF frequency band can be improved, and the receiving effect is improved.
Alternatively, the third bending portion 35 may be a straight line, a curved line, or a serpentine return, among other shapes.
Furthermore, the other end of the third bending portion 35 extends along a direction parallel to the extending direction of the first bending portion 33, and the other end of the fourth bending portion 36 extends along a direction parallel to the extending direction of the second bending portion 34, so that the signal receiving effect of the antenna unit 100 is further improved.
In order to adjust the gain and bandwidth of the low frequency of the antenna unit 100, the second element structure 30 further includes a first connection line 37 connecting the third gradually-changing portion 31 and the fourth gradually-changing portion 32.
Alternatively, the first connecting lines 37 are arranged in parallel and at intervals along the gradual change direction, and the widths of the plurality of first connecting lines 37 are sequentially reduced along the gradual change direction, that is, the width of the first connecting line 37 closer to the third connecting point 311 is greater than the width of the first connecting line 37 farther from the third connecting point 311. The bandwidth and the gain of the antenna unit 100 in the VHF band can be further optimized.
Specifically, the line width of the first connection line 37 is 3mm-6mm, such as 3mm, 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, so that not only too much area occupied by the first connection line 37 and high cost caused by the first connection line 37 can be avoided, but also insufficient frequency bandwidth caused by too thin first connection line 37 can be avoided.
Referring to fig. 5, in another embodiment, an end of the third gradually-changing portion 31 away from the third connection point 311 is square, an end of the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 away from the fourth connection point 321 is also square, and the first connection line 37 is semicircular, elliptical, or "V" shaped, so that the connection strength between the third gradually-changing portion 31 and the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 can be increased, and the strength of the second vibrator structure 30 is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 6, in another embodiment, an end of the third gradually-changing portion 31 away from the third connection point 311 is set to be triangular, an end of the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 away from the fourth connection point 321 is also set to be triangular, and the first connection line 37 is set to be "K" shaped, so that through the special-shaped structural design, not only the perimeter of the second vibrator structure 30 can be increased, and the reflection performance thereof can be improved, but also the structural performance thereof can be ensured to be improved.
Referring to fig. 7, in another embodiment, the side edges of the end of the third gradually-changing portion 31 away from the third connection point 311 are both arc-shaped, and the side edges of the end of the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 away from the fourth connection point 321 are also both arc-shaped, for example, the shape of the end of the third gradually-changing portion 31 away from the third connection point 311 is directly set to be circular or elliptical. This results in better reflection performance of the antenna unit 100.
Optionally, the second vibrator structure 30 further includes a plurality of second connection lines (not shown in the figure) connecting the first folded portion 33 and the third folded portion 35, and a plurality of third connection lines (not shown in the figure) connecting the second folded portion 34 and the fourth folded portion 36. This further improves the gain and bandwidth of the antenna unit 100 in the VHF band.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, in the present embodiment, the connecting assembly 40 includes a circuit board 41, a first microstrip line 42 disposed on one side of the circuit board 41, a first feeding balun line 43, and a second microstrip line 44 and a second feeding balun line 45 disposed on the other side of the circuit board 41.
The circuit board 41 is provided with a first via 411 and a second via 412.
The first microstrip line 42 is disposed on a side surface of the circuit board 41, the first microstrip line 42 includes a first via line 421 and a second via line 422 that are collinear and disposed at an interval, an end of the first via line 421 away from the second via line 422 is electrically connected to the first connection point 221, and an end of the second via line 422 away from the first via line 421 is electrically connected to the second connection point 231.
One end of the first feeding balun line 43 is electrically connected to the second via line 422, and the other end of the first feeding balun line 43 is connected to a feeding point 431.
The second microstrip line 44 and the first microstrip line 42 are respectively disposed on two opposite surfaces of the circuit board 41, the second microstrip line 44 includes a third via line 441 and a fourth via line 442 that are disposed in a collinear manner and at an interval, an end of the third via line 441 away from the fourth via line 442 is electrically connected to the third connection point 311, an end of the third via line 441 close to the fourth via line 442 is electrically connected to an end of the second via line 422 close to the first via line 421 through the second via hole 412, an end of the fourth via line 442 away from the third via line 441 is electrically connected to the fourth connection point 321, and an end of the fourth via line 442 close to the third via line 441 is electrically connected to an end of the first via line 421 close to the second via line 422 through the first via hole 411;
one end of the second feeding balun line 45 is electrically connected to the fourth via line 442, and the other end of the second feeding balun line 45 is connected to the grounding point 451.
Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, can be more conveniently with first connecting point 221 and fourth connecting point 321, second connecting point 231 and the equal electric connection of third connecting point 311 together, and whole coupling assembling 40 compact structure, processing is convenient, and the cost is lower.
Further, the line width of the first feeding balun line 43 is 1.0mm-2.5mm, such as 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm or 2.5 mm. When the first feeding balun line 43 is too thick, the reflection index of the antenna unit 100 after the UHF band is 700MHz is not good, and when the first feeding balun line 43 is too thin, the reflection index of the antenna unit 100 before the UHF band is 500MHz is not good.
Optionally, the width of the second feeding balun line 45 is gradually decreased from the grounding point 451 to the fourth via line 442, so as to improve the reflection performance of the antenna unit 100.
Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a simulated gain test chart obtained by performing a simulation test on the antenna unit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application by using a network analyzer, where the abscissa is a signal frequency and the ordinate is a gain dB value. It can be seen that 174MHz corresponds to a gain of 3.7dB, 230MHz corresponds to a gain of 7.1dB, 470MHz corresponds to a gain of 7.2dB, and 800MHz corresponds to a gain of 9.0 dB. Generally, the VHF frequency band of a traditional antenna element simulation test is more than 1dB, the UHF frequency band gain is more than 5dB, the higher the value is, the better the gain is, and in comparison, the antenna unit 100 provided by the embodiment of the application not only meets the requirements, but also has better performance.
Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a simulated reflection test chart obtained by performing a simulation test on the antenna unit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application by using a network analyzer, where the abscissa is a signal frequency and the ordinate is a reflection dB value. It can be seen from the figure that 174MHz corresponds to-4.1 dB reflection, 230MHz corresponds to-3.8 dB reflection, 470MHz corresponds to-35.2 dB reflection, and 800MHz corresponds to-16.3 dB reflection. Generally, the VHF reflection value of a simulation test of a traditional antenna element is lower than-3 dB, the UHF reflection value is better lower than-10 dB, the smaller the value is, the better the value is, and in comparison, the antenna unit 100 provided by the embodiment of the application not only meets the requirements, but also has better performance.
Embodiments of the second aspect of the present application provide a television antenna comprising an antenna unit 100 as in the first aspect.
In the television antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application, since the first gradually-changing portion 22 and the second gradually-changing portion 23 in the first element structure 20 are symmetrically disposed about the virtual plane 50, the third gradually-changing portion 31 and the fourth gradually-changing portion 32 in the second element structure 30 are symmetrically disposed about the virtual plane 50 and spaced apart from each other, the third connection point 311 is disposed opposite to the first connection point 221, the fourth connection point 321 is disposed opposite to the second connection point 231, and the connection assembly 40 electrically connects the first connection point 221, the fourth connection point 321, the second connection point 231, and the third connection point 311 together, when the first element structure 20 and the second element structure 30 excite equal-amplitude opposite electric fields, the vertical components of the electric fields excited by the two are equal in amplitude and opposite in direction and cancel each other out, so that the electric field in the horizontal direction is enhanced, thereby increasing the gain of the antenna unit 100 in the horizontal direction, the bandwidth of the antenna unit 100 is expanded, so that the television antenna can effectively receive more signals.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna unit, comprising:
a dielectric substrate having opposing first and second faces;
the first oscillator structure is arranged on the first surface and comprises a connecting part, a first gradual change part and a second gradual change part, the first gradual change part and the second gradual change part are connected to the connecting part and symmetrically arranged about a virtual plane, the virtual plane evenly divides the connecting part, one end of the first gradual change part is connected with the connecting part, the other end of the first gradual change part and one end of the second gradual change part, which is far away from the connecting part, are arranged at intervals, and a first connecting point and a second connecting point are respectively arranged at one end of the first gradual change part, which is far away from the connecting part, and one end of the second gradual change part, which is far away from the connecting part;
the first vibrator structure is arranged on the first face and comprises a first gradual change portion and a second gradual change portion which are symmetrical about the virtual plane and are arranged at intervals, a first connection point is arranged at one end of the first gradual change portion, the first connection point is opposite to the first connection point, a second connection point is arranged at one end of the second gradual change portion, and the second connection point is opposite to the first connection point; and
the first connection point and the fourth connection point are electrically connected, the second connection point and the third connection point are electrically connected, and the connection assembly is further used for being connected with a feed unit, so that the feed unit feeds the first oscillator structure and the second oscillator structure.
2. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the first transition portion has a gradually increasing width along a transition direction parallel to the virtual plane, and the first transition portion and the second transition portion have a gradually decreasing minimum distance along a direction perpendicular to the virtual plane; and along the gradual change direction, the width of the third gradual change part is gradually increased, and the maximum distance between the third gradual change part and the fourth gradual change part along the direction vertical to the virtual plane is gradually increased.
3. The antenna unit according to claim 2, wherein the second element structure further includes a first bending portion and a second bending portion, the first bending portion and the second bending portion are symmetrically disposed about the virtual plane, the first bending portion is connected to the third gradually-changing portion, and the second bending portion is connected to the fourth gradually-changing portion; one end of the first bending part is connected with one end, far away from the third connection point, of the third gradual change part, and the first bending part surrounds one end, far away from the third connection point, of the third gradual change part inside the first bending part.
4. The antenna unit according to claim 3, wherein the second element structure further includes a third bending portion and a fourth bending portion, the third bending portion and the fourth bending portion are symmetrically disposed about the virtual plane, the third bending portion is connected to the third gradually-changing portion, and the fourth bending portion is connected to the fourth gradually-changing portion; the third bending part is located between the first bending part and the third gradual change part, one end of the third bending part is connected with one end of the third gradual change part, which is far away from the connection point, and the other end of the third bending part is connected with one end of the first bending part, which is far away from the third gradual change part.
5. The antenna unit according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the second element structure further includes a first connection line connecting the third gradation portion and the fourth gradation portion.
6. The antenna unit according to claim 5, wherein the first connecting lines are arranged in parallel and at intervals along the tapering direction, and widths of the first connecting lines decrease sequentially along the tapering direction.
7. An antenna unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the maximum distance between the third transition and the fourth transition in a direction perpendicular to the virtual plane is 220-280 mm.
8. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the connection assembly comprises:
the circuit board is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole;
the first microstrip line is arranged on one side face of the circuit board and comprises a first via line and a second via line which are collinear and arranged at intervals, one end of the first via line, which is far away from the second via line, is electrically connected with the first connecting point, and one end of the second via line, which is far away from the first via line, is electrically connected with the second connecting point;
one end of the first feeding balun line is electrically connected with the second via line, and the other end of the first feeding balun line is connected with a feeding point;
the second microstrip line and the first microstrip line are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the circuit board, the second microstrip line comprises a third via line and a fourth via line which are collinear and arranged at intervals, one end of the third via line, which is far away from the fourth via line, is electrically connected with the third connecting point, one end of the third via line, which is close to the fourth via line, is electrically connected with one end of the second via line, which is close to the first via line, through the second via hole, one end of the fourth via line, which is far away from the third via line, is electrically connected with the fourth connecting point, and one end of the fourth via line, which is close to the third via line, is electrically connected with one end of the first via line, which is close to the second via line, through the first via hole;
one end of the second feeding balun line is electrically connected with the fourth via line, and the other end of the second feeding balun line is connected with a grounding point.
9. The antenna element of claim 8, wherein said first feed balun line has a linewidth of 1.0mm-2.5 mm.
10. A television antenna comprising an antenna unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202210334382.6A CN114709607B (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2022-03-31 | Antenna unit and television antenna |
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