CN214313533U - Dipole antenna and communication device - Google Patents
Dipole antenna and communication device Download PDFInfo
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- CN214313533U CN214313533U CN202022834105.0U CN202022834105U CN214313533U CN 214313533 U CN214313533 U CN 214313533U CN 202022834105 U CN202022834105 U CN 202022834105U CN 214313533 U CN214313533 U CN 214313533U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a dipole antenna and communication equipment, including first dielectric plate, radiation paster, ground plate, second dielectric plate and balun structure. The first dielectric plate is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite; the radiation patch is arranged on the first surface of the first dielectric slab and comprises radiation oscillators and guide oscillators which are arranged at intervals along a first direction; the grounding plate is laminated on the first surface of the first dielectric plate, extends out of a part of the first dielectric plate and is electrically connected with the radiation oscillator; the second dielectric plate is arranged at one end of the first dielectric plate and extends out of the grounding plate, and the second dielectric plate and the part of the grounding plate are distributed oppositely through the first dielectric plate at intervals. The embodiment of the utility model provides a dipole antenna can be with the electromagnetic wave gathering in the radiation direction of dipole antenna main shaft to improve antenna radiation ability and gain.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a wireless communication technology field especially relates to a dipole antenna and communication equipment.
Background
The antenna is an electronic device for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves, can realize the interconversion between a free space electromagnetic field and a guided wave system electromagnetic field in a wireless communication system, and is widely applied to the fields of radar systems, satellite navigation, medical equipment and the like.
Among them, Dipole antennas (Dipole antenna) are the antennas that are used the earliest and have the simplest structure in the field of wireless communication, and can be widely applied to wireless network cards, television reception, and signal transmission of radio satellites, so that with the development of wireless communication technology, the demand for broadband and high-gain Dipole antennas in satellite communication and point-to-point communication systems is increasing.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a dipole antenna, can simplify the structure of antenna, reduces the size of antenna.
In one aspect, a dipole antenna is provided according to an embodiment of the present application, which includes a first dielectric plate, a radiation patch, a ground plate, a second dielectric plate, and a balun structure. The first dielectric plate is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite; the radiation patch is arranged on the first surface of the first dielectric slab and comprises radiation oscillators and guide oscillators which are arranged at intervals along a first direction; the grounding plate is laminated on the first surface of the first dielectric plate, extends out of a part of the first dielectric plate and is electrically connected with the radiation oscillator; the second dielectric plate is arranged at one end of the first dielectric plate, is distributed at intervals and relatively to the part of the grounding plate extending out of the first dielectric plate, and is smaller than the first dielectric plate in size in the direction perpendicular to the first direction; the balun structure is arranged on the second surface of the first dielectric plate, and the balun structure and the orthographic projection of the radiation oscillator on the first dielectric plate are at least partially overlapped.
According to the utility model discloses an aspect, radiation oscillator includes first radiation segment and second radiation segment, and first radiation segment and second radiation segment syntropy extend and set up respectively in the both sides of the central line that first medium plate extends along the first direction.
According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the guiding vibrator comprises at least two groups of guiding patches, and the adjacent guiding patches are arranged at intervals; the guide patch comprises a first guide segment and a second guide segment, and the first guide segment and the second guide segment are respectively arranged on two sides of a center line of the first dielectric plate extending along the first direction.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the invention, in the first direction, the width of the radiating element and the guiding patch gradually decreases; in the first direction, the width of adjacent director patches gradually decreases.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, in the first direction, a distance between the radiating vibrator and the guide patch is gradually decreased; in the first direction, the spacing between adjacent director patches gradually decreases.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, in the first direction, the width of the second dielectric sheet is gradually reduced.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the first radiation section and the second radiation section are both right-angled structures.
According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the first dielectric plate has a relative dielectric constant of 2.2 and a tangent loss of 0.02.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the radiation frequency of the dipole is 54.4GHZ-72.3 GHZ.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the utility model provides a communication equipment is still provided, including foretell dipole antenna.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of dipole antenna and communication equipment, including first dielectric-slab, second dielectric-slab, ground plate, radiation paster and balun structure, the radiation paster includes the radiation oscillator that the interval set up and leads to the oscillator, and the radiation oscillator carries out the feed by balun, and the electromagnetic wave couples to leading to oscillator and second dielectric-slab in proper order from the radiation oscillator, and then with the electromagnetic wave gathering in the radiation direction of dipole antenna main shaft to improve antenna radiation ability and gain.
Drawings
Features, advantages and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a dipole antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 illustrates a rear view of a dipole antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph illustrating a standing wave ratio of a dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph illustrating the gain curve of a dipole antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 shows a three-dimensional pattern of a dipole antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 shows a planar radiation pattern of a dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein:
10-a first dielectric slab;
20-a radiating element; 21-a first radiation fragment; 22-a second radiation fragment;
30-a director; 31-first guide segment; 32-a second guide segment;
a 40-balun structure;
50-a ground plate;
60-a second dielectric slab;
a 100-dipole antenna; 200-a communication device; x-a first direction.
In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating examples thereof. In the drawings and the following description, at least some well-known structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present application; also, the dimensions of some of the structures may be exaggerated for clarity. Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
The directional terms used in the following description are intended to refer to directions illustrated in the drawings, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application to the particular arrangements tested. In the description of the present application, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood as appropriate by one of ordinary skill in the art.
It is known that the transmission loss of signals in the frequency band around 60GHz is much larger than that in the frequency band of 5 GHz. However, in the face of such high transmission loss, wireless communication transmission at 60GHz needs to be compensated by a high-gain microwave antenna. With the requirement of high data transmission rate, the requirement for the bandwidth antenna with the central frequency point of 60GHz is higher. In addition, wireless communication systems operating at 60GHz are mostly applied to small electronic products, so that the design of a 60GHz miniaturized antenna is very important. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for a small, wide-band, high-gain dipole antenna in satellite communication and point-to-point communication systems. Here, an antenna operating at 60GHz refers to an antenna designed to have a center frequency of 60 GHz.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a front view of a dipole antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 shows a rear view of a dipole antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, a dipole antenna 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first dielectric plate 10, a radiation patch, a ground plate 50, a second dielectric plate 60, and a balun structure 40.
The first dielectric sheet 10 has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; the radiation patch is arranged on the first surface of the first dielectric slab 10, and comprises radiation oscillators 20 and a guide oscillator 30 which are arranged at intervals along a first direction X; the grounding plate is laminated on the first surface X of the first dielectric plate 10, extends out of a part of the first dielectric plate 10, and is electrically connected with the radiation oscillator 20; the second dielectric plate 60 is arranged at one end of the first dielectric plate, and a part of the second dielectric plate 60 extending out of the ground plate 50 is distributed oppositely through the first dielectric plate 50 at intervals, and the size of the second dielectric plate 60 is smaller than that of the first dielectric plate 10 in the direction perpendicular to the first direction X; and the balun structure 40 is arranged on the second surface of the first dielectric slab 10, and the balun structure 40 and the orthographic projection of the radiation oscillator 20 on the first dielectric slab 10 are at least partially overlapped.
The surfaces of the first dielectric plate 10 and the second dielectric plate 60 are covered with metal layers for conducting current, and the material of the first dielectric plate 10 and the second dielectric plate 60 is limited here, so that the antenna meets the conditions of bandwidth strength and transmission strength. In some embodiments, the first dielectric plate 10 and the second dielectric plate 60 may be printed circuit boards. The connection manner of the first dielectric plate 10 and the second dielectric plate 60 is not limited herein, and in some embodiments, the first dielectric plate 10 and the second dielectric plate 60 are of an integral structure, which facilitates molding.
According to the utility model provides a dipole antenna, on the first surface of first dielectric-slab 10, lay radiation oscillator 20 and lead to oscillator 30 in proper order along the first direction, lead to oscillator 30 and can improve the radiation gain of antenna, lay balun structure 40 on the second surface of first dielectric-slab 10, second dielectric-slab 60 sets up in first dielectric-slab 10 one end, radiation oscillator 20 is fed by balun, the electromagnetic wave is coupled to leading to oscillator 30 and second dielectric-slab 60 from radiation oscillator 20 in proper order, and then with the electromagnetic wave gathering in antenna main shaft radiation direction, in order to improve antenna radiation ability and gain.
In some optional embodiments, the radiating element 20 includes a first radiating segment 21 and a second radiating segment 22, where the first radiating segment 21 and the second radiating segment 22 extend in the same direction and are respectively disposed on two sides of a center line of the first dielectric plate 10 extending along the first direction X, so as to change distribution of current on the first surface of the first dielectric plate 10, concentrate the current in a radiation direction of a main axis of the dipole antenna, increase radiation intensity of electromagnetic waves of the main axis of the dipole antenna, and further increase bandwidth and gain of the antenna.
It should be noted that a central line of the first dielectric plate 10 extending along the first direction X coincides with the antenna main axis, so that the current is concentrated in the antenna main axis radiation direction, and the radiation intensity of the electromagnetic wave of the antenna main axis is increased.
It is understood that, in the dipole antenna 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the radiating element 20 includes the first radiating segment 21 and the second radiating segment 22, and the shape of the radiating element 20 including the first radiating segment 21 and the second radiating segment 22 can be selected according to actual requirements and antenna sizes, which is not specifically limited in this application.
Alternatively, the first radiation segment 21 and the second radiation segment 22 may have a right-angled structure, and the connection between the first radiation segment 21 and the second radiation segment 22 and the ground plane can reduce the size of the first radiation segment 21 and the second radiation segment 22, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna.
It is understood that, in the dipole antenna 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the guiding element 30 includes a plurality of groups of guiding patches, and the number of the guiding patches may be selected according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in this application.
Optionally, the director element may include two sets of director patches to further reduce the size of the antenna while satisfying the strength of the antenna bandwidth.
Under the condition of meeting the requirements of antenna bandwidth strength and miniaturization, each group of the guiding patches can comprise a first guiding segment 31 and a second guiding segment 32, wherein the first guiding segment 31 and the second guiding segment 32 are respectively arranged on two sides of a central line of the first dielectric plate 10 extending along the first direction X, and the first guiding segment 31 and the second guiding segment 32 are added in the direction of the central line of the first dielectric plate 10 extending along the first direction X, so that the radiation oscillator 20 points to the direction of the guiding oscillator 30 along the central axis of the antenna, and stronger radiation capability is obtained, and further the bandwidth and gain of the antenna are increased.
In some alternative embodiments, the width of the radiating element 20 and the director patch decreases gradually in the first direction X; in the first direction X, the widths of the adjacent guide patches are gradually reduced to form a gradual change structure, thereby improving the bandwidth of the antenna.
In some alternative embodiments, the spacing of the radiating element 20 from the director patch decreases gradually in the first direction X; in the first direction X, the spacing between adjacent guide patches is gradually reduced to form a gradual change structure, thereby further improving the antenna bandwidth.
It can be understood that the utility model provides a dipole antenna, second dielectric plate 60 set up in first dielectric plate 10 one end, and this application does not do specific limitation to the shape of second dielectric plate 60, as long as can satisfy antenna bandwidth intensity.
In some alternative embodiments, the width of the second dielectric plate 60 is gradually decreased in the first direction, and the gain bandwidth of the dipole antenna is improved by the gradually-changed second dielectric plate 60. Alternatively, the second dielectric sheet 60 may have a trapezoidal structure or a "zigzag" structure.
It is understood that the embodiments of the present invention do not limit the size, dielectric constant, dielectric loss tangent, and other parameters of the first dielectric plate 10 and the second dielectric plate 60, and all the parameters are selected according to practical applications.
Alternatively, the first dielectric plate 10 and the second dielectric plate 60 have a thickness of 0.127mm, a dielectric constant of 3, and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.01.
In some embodiments, the dipole antenna 100 may be fed by using a coaxial feeding method, so as to reduce radiation loss and achieve impedance matching.
Alternatively, the dipole antenna 100 is fed using a 50 Ω coaxial line.
It is understood that the radiation frequency of the dipole antenna 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention can reach 54.4GHZ-72.3 GHZ.
Fig. 4 shows a Standing Wave Ratio graph provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and it can be seen that the Ratio of Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of the antenna in the frequency range of 54.4-72.3GHz is far less than 2. As can be seen from the gain curve diagram provided in the embodiment of the present invention in fig. 5, the gain of the antenna in the whole operating frequency range (54.4-72.3GHz) is greater than 6.36dB, and the gain at the 60GHz frequency point is 6.64 dB. By the utility model discloses embodiment figure 6 is that a three-dimensional directional diagram that provides can see out the utility model provides an in the negative direction of X axle, this dipole antenna's radiation characteristic is better, and the gain is higher for the antenna that provides. Therefore, the X-axis negative direction is set as the direction in which the pattern radiates most strongly. By the embodiment of the utility model figure 7 is that the utility model provides a plane radiation pattern can be seen out, this dipole antenna directional diagram's symmetry is better, and directional radiation ability is stronger. The gain at 60GHz is 6.64dB, the cross-polarization ratio is less than-20 dB, and the front-to-back ratio is greater than 10 dB.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 8, the communication device 200 includes the dipole antenna 100 according to any of the embodiments. The embodiment of the utility model provides a dipole antenna 100, when being applied to communication equipment 200 and as communication equipment 200's component part, dipole antenna 100's base plate can be with the printed circuit board integrated into one piece of printed circuit board's form and communication equipment 200's self for communication equipment 200 has good transmission performance.
It is noted that in the drawings, the sizes of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity of illustration. Also, it will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on" another element or layer, it can be directly on the other element or layer or intervening layers may also be present. In addition, it will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "under" another element or layer, it can be directly under the other element or intervening layers or elements may also be present. In addition, it will also be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being "between" two layers or elements, it can be the only layer between the two layers or elements, or more than one intermediate layer or element may also be present. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" means two or more unless expressly limited otherwise.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A dipole antenna, comprising:
the dielectric plate comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate and a third dielectric plate, wherein the first dielectric plate is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite;
the radiation patch is arranged on the first surface of the first dielectric plate and comprises radiation oscillators and guiding oscillators which are arranged at intervals along a first direction;
a ground plate laminated on the first surface of the first dielectric plate, extending out of a part of the first dielectric plate, and electrically connected to the radiation oscillator;
the second dielectric plate is arranged at one end of the first dielectric plate, is distributed at intervals and opposite to the part of the ground plate extending out of the first dielectric plate, and is smaller than the first dielectric plate in size in the direction perpendicular to the first direction;
the balun structure is arranged on the second surface of the first dielectric slab, and the balun structure and the orthographic projection of the radiation oscillator on the first dielectric slab are at least partially overlapped.
2. The dipole antenna of claim 1, wherein the radiating element comprises a first radiating segment and a second radiating segment, and the first radiating segment and the second radiating segment extend in the same direction and are respectively disposed on two sides of a center line of the first dielectric plate extending along the first direction.
3. A dipole antenna according to claim 2, wherein said director elements include at least two sets of director patches, and adjacent ones of said director patches are spaced apart;
the guide patch comprises a first guide segment and a second guide segment, and the first guide segment and the second guide segment are respectively arranged on two sides of a center line of the first dielectric slab extending along the first direction.
4. A dipole antenna according to claim 3 wherein said radiating elements and said director patches are tapered in width in said first direction;
in the first direction, the widths of the adjacent guide patches are gradually reduced.
5. A dipole antenna as recited in claim 3, wherein the radiating element is progressively spaced from the director patch in the first direction;
in the first direction, the pitch of the adjacent guide patches is gradually reduced.
6. A dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein said second dielectric plate tapers in width in said first direction.
7. A dipole antenna as recited in claim 2, wherein said first radiating segment and said second radiating segment are each of a right angle configuration.
8. A dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein said first dielectric plate has a relative dielectric constant of 2.2 and a tangent loss of 0.02.
9. A dipole antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein said dipole radiates at a frequency of 54.4GHZ-72.3 GHZ.
10. A communication device comprising a dipole antenna according to any of claims 1-9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022834105.0U CN214313533U (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | Dipole antenna and communication device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022834105.0U CN214313533U (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | Dipole antenna and communication device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN214313533U true CN214313533U (en) | 2021-09-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202022834105.0U Active CN214313533U (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | Dipole antenna and communication device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114221671A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-22 | 西南交通大学 | Tunnel communication system and arrangement method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-12-01 CN CN202022834105.0U patent/CN214313533U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114221671A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-22 | 西南交通大学 | Tunnel communication system and arrangement method thereof |
| CN114221671B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2023-02-28 | 西南交通大学 | Tunnel communication system and arrangement method thereof |
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