CN114709586B - A method for realizing a microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity - Google Patents
A method for realizing a microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及微波技术领域，特别涉及一种能连续平移微波腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔及实现方法。The invention relates to the field of microwave technology, in particular to a microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity and a realization method.
背景技术Background technique
微波处理如微波消菌杀毒、微波杀虫、微波加热、微波干燥等具有高效、快速、节能以及整体处理等众多优点，已被广泛应用于工业、农业、医疗和食品加工等领域。Microwave treatment, such as microwave sterilization, microwave insecticide, microwave heating, microwave drying, etc., has many advantages such as high efficiency, rapidity, energy saving and overall treatment, and has been widely used in industry, agriculture, medical treatment and food processing and other fields.
为了防范微波泄露带来的电磁污染和电磁干扰，微波处理通常在金属腔内进行。由于微波腔内电磁场谐振模式的电磁功率空间分布不均，这经常导致有些物料已经过处理(如过热)，有些物料还欠处理(如未被加热起来),从而大大限制了微波处理在更多领域的推广和应用。如何有效地改善微波处理均匀性已成为微波能应用推广的重要课题。In order to prevent electromagnetic pollution and electromagnetic interference caused by microwave leakage, microwave processing is usually carried out in a metal cavity. Due to the uneven spatial distribution of the electromagnetic power of the electromagnetic field resonance mode in the microwave cavity, this often leads to some materials having been processed (such as overheating), and some materials have not yet been processed (such as not being heated up), which greatly limits microwave processing. Field promotion and application. How to effectively improve the uniformity of microwave treatment has become an important issue in the application and promotion of microwave energy.
从微波腔体的角度改善微波处理均匀性主要有两种方法。一种是在微波腔内设置旋转载物托盘。该方法是现今提高微波处理均匀性最简单而有效的方法之一，但该方案往往因为旋转轴固定而导致转盘中心位置过处理或欠处理。虽然组合式旋转托盘可以丰富被处理物料的空间运动轨迹，改善转盘中心过处理或欠处理问题，但其结构过于复杂。而且，这种旋转载物托盘特别是组合式旋转托盘，非常不便于腔内清洁。另一种是平板式微波腔。该腔的移动部件(即电磁搅拌器)被陶瓷板隔离，腔内无移动部件，从而解决了旋转托盘导致的腔内清洁不便等问题。在这种平板腔中，被加热物料静置腔内，其加热均匀性主要依赖于电磁搅拌器对腔内模式的搅动能力以及各模式电磁场空间分布的互补性。但现今市面上大部分平板式微波腔的均匀性不如旋转托盘式微波腔，平板式微波腔的均匀性尚有很大的提升空间。There are two main methods to improve the uniformity of microwave processing from the perspective of microwave cavity. One is to set a rotating loading tray in the microwave cavity. This method is one of the most simple and effective methods to improve the uniformity of microwave treatment today, but this solution often leads to over-processing or under-processing at the center of the turntable due to the fixed rotation axis. Although the combined rotary tray can enrich the spatial trajectory of the processed materials and improve the problem of over-processing or under-processing in the center of the turntable, its structure is too complicated. Moreover, this kind of rotary loading tray, especially the combined rotary tray, is very inconvenient to clean inside the cavity. The other is a flat-plate microwave cavity. The moving parts of the chamber (namely the electromagnetic stirrer) are isolated by the ceramic plate, and there are no moving parts in the chamber, thus solving the problems of inconvenient cleaning in the chamber caused by the rotating tray. In this kind of flat plate cavity, the heated material is placed in the cavity, and its heating uniformity mainly depends on the stirring ability of the electromagnetic stirrer for the modes in the cavity and the complementarity of the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic field of each mode. However, the uniformity of most flat-plate microwave cavities on the market today is not as good as that of rotary tray-type microwave cavities, and there is still a lot of room for improvement in the uniformity of flat-plate microwave cavities.
此外，从微波源的角度也可以改善微波处理均匀性。同一腔体中不同频率电磁波模式的空间功率分布不同，合理地利用宽带微波源或多个不同工作频率的微波源来激励微波腔，也可以有效地改善微波处理均匀性。但采用宽带微波源(本身就非常昂贵)或多个不同频率的微波源，无疑大大增加了微波处理设备的成本。In addition, microwave treatment uniformity can also be improved from the perspective of the microwave source. The spatial power distribution of different frequency electromagnetic wave modes in the same cavity is different. Reasonable use of broadband microwave sources or multiple microwave sources with different operating frequencies to excite the microwave cavity can also effectively improve the uniformity of microwave processing. However, the use of broadband microwave sources (which are very expensive in themselves) or multiple microwave sources of different frequencies will undoubtedly greatly increase the cost of microwave processing equipment.
传统微波谐振腔内电磁场的不均匀性主要源于腔内各模式驻波场的波节点和波腹点是固定不动的。因此，一种能连续平移腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，对于改善微波处理均匀性，提升家用微波炉品质，进而拓展微波处理(如微波消菌、微波杀虫等)在其他对均匀性敏感领域的应用具有重要价值。The inhomogeneity of the electromagnetic field in the traditional microwave resonant cavity is mainly due to the fact that the nodes and antinodes of the standing wave field of each mode in the cavity are fixed. Therefore, a microwave resonant cavity that can continuously translate the electromagnetic field in the cavity can improve the uniformity of microwave treatment, improve the quality of household microwave ovens, and further expand the application of microwave treatment (such as microwave sterilization, microwave insecticide, etc.) in other areas sensitive to uniformity. Apps have significant value.
人工电磁材料，也称电磁超材料，是一种针对特定工作波长人工设计的微结构电磁材料，可以实现许多天然材料在该波段不具有的电磁特性如负折射、光子禁带等。电磁超材料因其独特的电磁特性，已被广泛地应用于天线设计、光场操控等领域。Artificial electromagnetic materials, also known as electromagnetic metamaterials, are microstructured electromagnetic materials artificially designed for specific working wavelengths, which can realize many electromagnetic properties that natural materials do not have in this wavelength band, such as negative refraction and photonic band gap. Due to their unique electromagnetic properties, electromagnetic metamaterials have been widely used in antenna design, light field manipulation and other fields.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有微波处理均匀性不佳的技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种能连续平移腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，进而有效改善微波处理均匀性、提升家用微波炉品质、拓展微波处理(如微波消菌、微波杀虫等)在其他对均匀性敏感领域的应用。Aiming at the technical problem of poor uniformity of existing microwave processing, the object of the present invention is to provide a microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the cavity, thereby effectively improving the uniformity of microwave processing, improving the quality of household microwave ovens, and expanding microwave processing (such as Microwave sterilization, microwave insecticide, etc.) in other areas sensitive to uniformity.
为了实现上述技术目的，本发明的技术方案是，In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is,
一种能连续平移微波腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，包括金属腔体和可调全反射体，所述的金属腔体上设有微波馈入口，所述的可调全反射体设置于金属腔体内并作为金属腔体的内壁，且能够通过整体移动或者改变自身形状来使金属腔体内的电磁场波节点和波腹点的空间位置发生变化，从而使微波腔内电磁场实现平移。A microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity, comprising a metal cavity and an adjustable total reflector, the metal cavity is provided with a microwave feeding port, and the adjustable total reflector is arranged in the metal cavity The body acts as the inner wall of the metal cavity, and can change the spatial position of the electromagnetic field wave nodes and antinodes in the metal cavity by moving as a whole or changing its own shape, so that the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity can be translated.
所述的一种能连续平移微波腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，所述的微波馈入口设置于金属腔体上的任意一个腔壁上。In the microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity, the microwave feeding port is arranged on any cavity wall of the metal cavity.
所述的一种能连续平移微波腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，所述的可调全反射体包括两个设置在金属腔体相对的两个内壁上的基板，所述的基板上设置有多块垂直于金属基板表面的竖片以形成光栅结构，且竖片能够改变在基板上朝向金属腔体内一侧的长度。The microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity, the adjustable total reflector includes two substrates arranged on the two inner walls opposite to the metal cavity, and the substrates are provided with multiple A vertical piece perpendicular to the surface of the metal substrate is formed to form a grating structure, and the length of the vertical piece on the substrate toward the inner side of the metal cavity can be changed.
所述的一种能连续平移微波腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，所述的可调全反射体是设置在与微波谐振腔内电磁场分布最不均匀的方向垂直的两个内壁上。In the microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously shifting the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity, the adjustable total reflector is arranged on two inner walls perpendicular to the direction in which the electromagnetic field distribution in the microwave resonant cavity is most uneven.
所述的一种能连续平移微波腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，所述的可调全反射体由金属制成，所述的金属腔体在垂直于竖片长度变化方向的两个内壁上，分别设有用于遮盖金属腔体内表面的陶瓷片。The microwave resonant cavity that can continuously translate the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity, the adjustable total reflector is made of metal, and the metal cavity is on the two inner walls perpendicular to the direction of the length change of the vertical plate, Ceramic sheets for covering the inner surface of the metal cavity are respectively provided.
所述的一种能连续平移微波腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，所述的可调全反射体由具有光子禁带的全介质电磁超材料，或表面包覆有陶瓷层的金属制成。In the microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity, the adjustable total reflector is made of an all-dielectric electromagnetic metamaterial with a photonic band gap, or a metal coated with a ceramic layer on the surface.
所述的一种能连续平移微波腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，所述的金属腔体为矩形腔，所述的可调全反射体的两个基板设置于矩形腔内任意两个相对内壁上。The microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity, the metal cavity is a rectangular cavity, and the two substrates of the adjustable total reflector are arranged on any two opposite inner walls of the rectangular cavity .
所述的一种能连续平移微波腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，所述的金属腔体为圆柱形腔，所述的可调全反射体的两个基板设置于圆柱形腔内两个圆形底面上。The microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity, the metal cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and the two substrates of the adjustable total reflector are arranged on two circular plates in the cylindrical cavity. bottom surface.
所述的一种能连续平移微波腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，所述的可调全反射体包括设置在金属腔体内所有内壁上的基板，所述的基板上设置有多块垂直于金属基板表面的竖片以形成光栅结构，且竖片能够改变在基板上朝向金属腔体内一侧的长度。The microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity, the adjustable total reflector includes substrates arranged on all inner walls of the metal cavity, and the substrate is provided with multiple pieces perpendicular to the metal substrate The vertical slices on the surface are used to form a grating structure, and the vertical slices can change the length of the side facing the inner side of the metal cavity on the substrate.
一种能连续平移微波腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔实现方法，采用前述的微波谐振腔，包括以下步骤：A method for realizing a microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity, using the aforementioned microwave resonant cavity, comprising the following steps:
记录相对设置的两个金属基板上金属片朝向金属腔体内的总长度，从而确定谐振腔的工作状态；Record the total length of the metal sheets on the two opposite metal substrates towards the metal cavity, so as to determine the working state of the resonant cavity;
同时改变相对设置的两个金属基板上金属片朝向金属腔体内的长度，且保持总长度不变，从而在维持谐振腔的工作状态不变的同时，改变金属腔体内的电磁场波节点和波腹点的空间位置，以实现微波腔内电磁场的平移。At the same time, change the length of the metal sheets on the two metal substrates facing the metal cavity, and keep the total length unchanged, so that the electromagnetic field wave nodes and antinodes in the metal cavity can be changed while the working state of the resonant cavity remains unchanged. The spatial position of the point to realize the translation of the electromagnetic field in the microwave cavity.
本发明的技术效果在于，通过连续改变可调全反射体反射电磁波的空间位置实现腔内电磁场的平移，从而达到提高腔内电磁场均匀性的目的。The technical effect of the present invention is that the translation of the electromagnetic field in the cavity is realized by continuously changing the spatial position of the electromagnetic wave reflected by the adjustable total reflector, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the uniformity of the electromagnetic field in the cavity.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例中可连续移动腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔1的三维结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a microwave resonant cavity 1 capable of continuously moving the electromagnetic field in the cavity in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例中可调全反射体3的三维结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an adjustable total reflector 3 in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例中可连续移动腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔1在工作状态1(d1＝35mm,d2＝65mm)的腔内场强度分布；Fig. 3 is the intracavity field intensity distribution of the microwave resonator 1 in the working state 1 (d1=35mm, d2=65mm) of the microwave resonant cavity 1 that can continuously move the electromagnetic field in the cavity in the embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例中可连续移动腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔1在工作状态2(d1＝45mm,d2＝55mm)的腔内场强度分布；Fig. 4 is the intracavity field intensity distribution of the microwave resonator 1 in the working state 2 (d1=45mm, d2=55mm) that can continuously move the electromagnetic field in the cavity in the embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例中可连续移动腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔1在工作状态3(d1＝55mm,d2＝45mm)的腔内场强度分布；Fig. 5 is the intracavity field intensity distribution of the microwave resonator 1 in the working state 3 (d1=55mm, d2=45mm) that can continuously move the electromagnetic field in the cavity in the embodiment of the present invention;
图6是本发明实施例中可连续移动腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔1在工作状态4(d1＝65mm,d2＝35mm)的腔内场强度分布；Fig. 6 is the intracavity field intensity distribution of the microwave resonator 1 in the working state 4 (d1=65mm, d2=35mm) that can continuously move the electromagnetic field in the cavity in the embodiment of the present invention;
图7是本发明实施例中连续协同改变可调全反射体3的厚度时，微波谐振腔内平面4上的平均场强度分布。Fig. 7 shows the average field intensity distribution on the plane 4 inside the microwave cavity when the thickness of the adjustable total reflector 3 is changed continuously and cooperatively in the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅为本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在不需要作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明所提出的能连续平移腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔，包括微波谐振腔1即金属腔体、微波馈入口2以及可调全反射体3。其中微波馈入口2可设置在金属腔体的任意一个腔壁上，可调全反射体3则成对、平行地放置于金属腔体内代替金属腔的某一对腔壁。可调全反射体3可通过同时整体平移，或内部结构的变化，或外场驱动来改变腔内电磁场波节点和波腹点的空间位置，从而在保证谐振腔模式不变的前提下使得腔内电磁场发生平移，改善微波谐振腔内电磁场在该方向的均匀性。且可调全反射体3在金属腔体内改变腔内电磁场波节点和波腹点的空间位置时，能有效防止全反射体3和金属腔1之间的电磁波泄露及二者之间的放电打火。The microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the cavity proposed by the present invention includes a microwave resonant cavity 1 ie a metal cavity, a microwave feeding port 2 and an adjustable total reflector 3 . The microwave feeding port 2 can be arranged on any cavity wall of the metal cavity, and the adjustable total reflector 3 is placed in pairs and parallel in the metal cavity instead of a certain pair of cavity walls of the metal cavity. The adjustable total reflector 3 can change the spatial position of the wave nodes and antinodes of the electromagnetic field in the cavity through the simultaneous overall translation, or the change of the internal structure, or the drive of the external field, so that the resonant cavity mode can be kept unchanged. The electromagnetic field is translated to improve the uniformity of the electromagnetic field in the microwave resonant cavity in this direction. And when the adjustable total reflector 3 changes the spatial position of the electromagnetic field wave node and antinode in the metal cavity, it can effectively prevent the electromagnetic wave leakage between the total reflector 3 and the metal cavity 1 and the discharge between the two. fire.
具体来说，本发明的可调全反射体包括两个设置在金属腔体相对的两个内壁上的基板，所述的基板上设置有多块垂直于金属基板表面的竖片以形成光栅结构，且竖片能够改变在基板上朝向金属腔体内一侧的长度。可调全反射体由金属制成，金属腔体在垂直于竖片长度变化方向的两个内壁上，分别设有用于遮盖金属腔体内表面的陶瓷片。可调全反射体由具有光子禁带的全介质电磁超材料，或表面包覆有陶瓷层的金属制成。Specifically, the adjustable total reflector of the present invention includes two substrates arranged on the two opposite inner walls of the metal cavity, and the substrates are provided with a plurality of vertical plates perpendicular to the surface of the metal substrate to form a grating structure , and the length of the vertical piece on the substrate facing the inner side of the metal cavity can be changed. The adjustable total reflector is made of metal, and the metal cavity is provided with ceramic sheets for covering the inner surface of the metal cavity on the two inner walls perpendicular to the length change direction of the vertical piece. The tunable total reflector is made of an all-dielectric electromagnetic metamaterial with a photonic band gap, or a metal coated with a ceramic layer on the surface.
其中金属腔体为矩形腔，则可调全反射体的两个基板设置于矩形腔内任意两个相对内壁上。或者金属腔体为圆柱形腔，则可调全反射体的两个基板设置于圆柱形腔内两个圆形底面上。Wherein the metal cavity is a rectangular cavity, the two substrates of the adjustable total reflector are arranged on any two opposite inner walls of the rectangular cavity. Or the metal cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and the two base plates of the adjustable total reflector are arranged on two circular bottom surfaces in the cylindrical cavity.
当然，本发明提供的可调全反射体也可以是包括设置在金属腔体内所有内壁上的基板，其中基板上设置有多块垂直于金属基板表面的竖片以形成光栅结构，且竖片能够改变在基板上朝向金属腔体内一侧的长度。即所有金属腔体的内壁均是设有光栅结构的可调全反射体。Of course, the adjustable total reflector provided by the present invention may also include a substrate arranged on all inner walls of the metal cavity, where a plurality of vertical pieces perpendicular to the surface of the metal substrate are arranged on the substrate to form a grating structure, and the vertical pieces can Change the length on the substrate towards the inner side of the metal cavity. That is, the inner walls of all metal cavities are adjustable total reflectors provided with grating structures.
以移动矩形微波腔内电磁场、改善腔内电磁场均匀性为例。如图1所示，一种能连续平移腔内电磁场的微波谐振腔由金属腔1、矩形波导管2和可调全反射体3构成，矩形微波腔工作频率为2.45GHz。金属腔1的长、宽和高分别为l＝470mm、p＝320mm和q＝180mm。矩形波导馈入口的横向尺寸为wa＝86.4mm和wb＝20mm，可调全反射体3分别置于矩形波导馈入口及其对面腔壁，为保证微波从矩形波导2顺利馈入金属腔1，紧贴在矩形馈入口的可调全反射体按照矩形波导馈入口的横向尺寸挖空。可调全反射体3采用双曲超材料结构，厚度a＝1mm、高度为d的金属片周期排列成光栅结构，相邻两金属片中心间距为b＝10mm，为便于可调反射体3的安装，金属片阵列可固定在金属基板上，如图2所示。金属片采用类似拉杆天线的可伸缩结构，可以改变金属片高度d。为防止金属片阵列厚度d改变时与金属腔1上下底面(l×d＝470mm×320mm)太近而引起放电打火，金属腔1的上下底面各铺设一块厚度为1mm的三氧化二铝陶瓷片5。当两可调反射体3的厚度和为d1+d2＝100mm时，微波谐振腔工作于TE106模。平面4上的场强用来衡量连续移动腔内电磁场对均匀性的改善效果，也可作为实际微波处理腔的载物面。平面4平行与上下底面，置于金属腔中心，大小为340mm×320mm，与装配有可调全反射体3的一对金属腔壁距离65mm。在保证两可调反射体3的厚度和d1+d2＝100mm不变的情况下，连续改变d1(d2随之而变，d2＝100mm－d1)，即可实现谐振腔工作状态不变(工作于TE106模)，但腔内电磁场随着可调反射体3的厚度变化而移动。当d1＝35mm(d2＝65mm)、d1＝45mm(d2＝55mm)、d1＝55mm(d2＝45mm)和d1＝65mm(d2＝35mm)时，腔内场强度分布分别如图3、图4、图5和图6所示。很明显，随着两可调反射体3的厚度变化，腔内场强随之发生平移。在保证d1+d2＝100mm不变的前提下，通过d1、d2连续协同改变来平移腔内场强，腔内平面4上场强的时间平均分布如图7所示。可见，通过两可调反射体3厚度的连续变化，腔内场强均匀性得到大大提高。Take moving the electromagnetic field in the rectangular microwave cavity and improving the uniformity of the electromagnetic field in the cavity as an example. As shown in Figure 1, a microwave resonant cavity capable of continuously translating the electromagnetic field in the cavity is composed of a metal cavity 1, a rectangular waveguide 2 and an adjustable total reflector 3. The operating frequency of the rectangular microwave cavity is 2.45 GHz. The length, width and height of the metal cavity 1 are l=470mm, p=320mm and q=180mm respectively. The transverse dimensions of the rectangular waveguide feed-in entrance are w a =86.4mm and w b =20mm, and the adjustable total reflector 3 is respectively placed on the rectangular waveguide feed-in entrance and the opposite cavity wall, in order to ensure that the microwave is smoothly fed into the metal cavity from the rectangular waveguide 2 1. The adjustable total reflector close to the rectangular feed-in port is hollowed out according to the lateral dimension of the rectangular waveguide feed-in port. The adjustable total reflector 3 adopts a hyperbolic metamaterial structure, metal sheets with a thickness a=1mm and a height d are periodically arranged in a grating structure, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent metal sheets is b=10mm, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the adjustable reflector 3 For installation, the metal sheet array can be fixed on the metal substrate, as shown in Figure 2. The metal sheet adopts a retractable structure similar to a rod antenna, which can change the height d of the metal sheet. In order to prevent the metal sheet array thickness d from being too close to the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the metal cavity 1 (l×d=470mm×320mm) to cause discharge and ignition, a piece of aluminum oxide ceramics with a thickness of 1mm is laid on the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the metal cavity 1
当然，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员应该可以根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。Of course, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art should be able to make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and deformations should all belong to the attached scope of the present invention. The scope of the claims.
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