CN114709462A - Battery module - Google Patents

Battery module Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114709462A
CN114709462A CN202210374913.4A CN202210374913A CN114709462A CN 114709462 A CN114709462 A CN 114709462A CN 202210374913 A CN202210374913 A CN 202210374913A CN 114709462 A CN114709462 A CN 114709462A
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Prior art keywords
battery module
heat
heat insulation
temperature
equal
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Inventor
马姜浩
杨秋立
占杨娇
张鹏
安婷
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Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210374913.4A priority Critical patent/CN114709462A/en
Publication of CN114709462A publication Critical patent/CN114709462A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery module, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The battery module comprises a plurality of stacked battery cores, two end plates and two heat insulation assemblies, wherein the two end plates are positioned at two ends of the plurality of battery cores in the stacking direction; two the heat preservation subassembly is laminated in a plurality of electric core is located two of tip respectively electric core and adjacent between the end plate, just heat conductivity coefficient of heat preservation subassembly
Figure DDA0003589925580000011
The unit is W/(m.k), the heat insulation component is provided with a heat insulation surface attached to the battery core, the area of the heat insulation surface is A, and the unit is mm2Along the connecting line direction of the two end plates, the heat preservation is carried outThe thickness of the assembly is L in mm, and
Figure DDA0003589925580000012
the battery module is controlled
Figure DDA0003589925580000013
The relation between A and L three can greatly slow down the heat transfer between electric core and the end plate to can reduce the difference in temperature of the inside and outside electric core of battery module, guarantee the uniformity of battery module, guarantee its charge-discharge performance and life.

Description

Battery module
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery module.
Background
The battery module in the prior art is used for preventing a short circuit caused by direct contact between a battery cell and an end plate by placing an insulating thin sheet between the end plate and the battery cell at the outermost side. However, since the end plate is usually made of an aluminum alloy material (237W/(m × K)) with a high thermal conductivity, the heat of the outermost cell of the module is dissipated outwards through a heat transfer path formed by the cell-insulating sheet-end plate, which results in a large temperature difference between the outermost cell and the inner cell of the module, and thus affects the uniformity of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery module with small temperature difference between an inner electric core and an outer electric core and high consistency.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery module, including:
the battery comprises a plurality of battery cells arranged in a stacked manner, two end plates positioned at two ends of the stacking direction of the battery cells and two heat insulation assemblies;
the two heat insulation assemblies are respectively attached between the two battery cores of the end part of the plurality of battery cores and the adjacent end plates, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation assemblies
Figure BDA0003589925560000011
The unit is W/(m.k), the heat preservation component is provided with a heat preservation surface attached to the battery core, the area of the heat preservation surface is A, and the unit is mm2Along the connecting line direction of the two end plates, the thickness of the heat insulation component is LIs located in mm, and
Figure BDA0003589925560000012
*A/L≤0.22。
in an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
Figure BDA0003589925560000013
the value range is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), when the value range of L is 0.2-3 mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 1.3mm2。
In an alternative embodiment, when
Figure BDA0003589925560000014
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 0.2m, the value range of A is more than or equal to 1.3mm2；
When in use
Figure BDA0003589925560000021
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 0.5mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 3.1mm2；
When in use
Figure BDA0003589925560000022
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 1.0mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 6.3mm2；
When in use
Figure BDA0003589925560000023
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 1.5mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 9.4mm2；
When in use
Figure BDA0003589925560000024
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 2.0mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 12.6mm2；
When in use
Figure BDA0003589925560000025
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 3.0mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 18.9mm2。
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
Figure BDA0003589925560000026
has a value range of
Figure BDA0003589925560000027
In an alternative embodiment, the insulating assembly further satisfies the following condition:
when the two heat preservation assemblies are respectively attached between two electric cores of the plurality of electric cores and the corresponding end plates, the initial temperature of the battery module is set to be 25 ℃, the battery module is placed in a low-temperature environment of minus 20 ℃ and stands still for 12 hours, the temperature of the electric core with the highest temperature in the plurality of electric cores in the battery module is tmax, and the temperature of the electric core with the lowest temperature in the plurality of electric cores in the battery module is tmin;
wherein tmin is more than or equal to-5 ℃ and less than tmax and less than or equal to 25 ℃, the temperature difference delta t of the same time shaft is tmax-tmin and less than or equal to 10 ℃, and the temperature drop rate of the battery module at any time is less than or equal to 2.5 ℃/h or less than or equal to 0.05 ℃/min.
In optional implementation, the battery module still includes the busbar of connecting between the utmost point post with every electric core, and the subassembly that keeps warm still satisfies the following condition:
when the two heat preservation assemblies are respectively attached between two electric cores of the plurality of electric cores and the corresponding end plates, setting the initial temperature of the battery module to be 25 ℃, and placing the battery module in a low-temperature environment of 20 ℃ below zero for standing for 12 hours, wherein the highest temperature of the busbar is tmax and the lowest temperature of the busbar is tmin;
wherein tmin is more than or equal to-10 ℃ and less than tmax, the temperature difference delta t of the same time shaft is tmax-tmin and less than or equal to 10 ℃, and the temperature drop rate of the battery module at any time meets the requirement that the temperature drop rate is less than or equal to 3 ℃/h or less than or equal to 0.08 ℃/min.
In an optional embodiment, each heat insulation assembly comprises a heat insulation plate, and the heat insulation plate faces the end face of the corresponding electric core to form a heat insulation surface;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
each heat insulation component comprises a plurality of heat insulation plates, the plurality of heat insulation plates face a plurality of end faces of the corresponding battery core in a coplanar manner, and the end faces jointly form a heat insulation face;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
every insulation component all includes a plurality of heated boards, and a plurality of heated boards are along the range upon range of setting of the direction of piling up of a plurality of electric cores, and the terminal surface of a plurality of heated boards neighbouring electric core forms the heat preservation face.
In an alternative embodiment, the insulation board comprises an insulation core body and a protective layer wrapped outside the insulation core body.
In an optional embodiment, the protective layer is a sealing film, the surface of the sealing film is provided with a hot melt adhesive, and the sealing film is used for being adhered to the heat preservation core body when the hot melt adhesive is molten;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the protective layer is a coating film which is sprayed on the surface of the heat-preservation core body.
In an optional embodiment, the material of the heat-insulating core body is aerogel; and when the protective layer is a sealing film, the material of the sealing film is PET or PVC, and when the protective layer is a coating film, the material of the coating film is PE or PP.
In an optional embodiment, the circumferential edge of the protective layer exceeds the circumferential edge of the thermal insulation core, one side of the protective layer is attached to the corresponding battery cell, and the other side of the protective layer is attached to the corresponding end plate.
In an optional embodiment, a bending part is further arranged in the circumferential direction of each heat preservation assembly, and when the heat preservation assembly is located between the corresponding battery cell and the corresponding end plate, the bending part is bent and attached to the circumferential surface of the battery cell or the circumferential surface of the end plate.
In an optional embodiment, the battery module further includes two side plates, the two side plates are opposite and arranged between the two end plates at intervals, and the two side plates are respectively located at two sides of the plurality of battery cells in the length direction; and a heat insulation assembly is arranged between each side plate and the corresponding side of the plurality of battery cores in the length direction.
The embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a battery module, which comprises a plurality of stacked battery cells, two end plates and two heat insulation assemblies, wherein the two end plates are positioned at two ends of the stacked direction of the battery cells; two the heat preservation subassembly is laminated in a plurality of electric core is located two of tip respectively electric core and adjacent between the end plate, just heat conductivity coefficient of heat preservation subassembly
Figure BDA0003589925560000041
The unit is W/(m.k), the heat insulation component is provided with a heat insulation surface attached to the battery core, the area of the heat insulation surface is A, and the unit is mm2Along the connecting line direction of the two end plates, the thickness of the heat insulation component is L and the unit is mm, and
Figure BDA0003589925560000042
this battery module is through the area of control heat preservation face, the thickness of heat preservation subassembly and the relation between the coefficient of heat conductivity three, can greatly slow down the heat transfer between electric core and the end plate to can reduce the difference in temperature of the inside and outside electric core of battery module, guarantee the uniformity of battery module, thereby guarantee its charge-discharge performance and life.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a simulated temperature cloud of a battery module provided in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating temperature test data of a battery module according to the prior art;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is an exploded view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a first schematic structural diagram of a heat preservation assembly of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a second schematic structural diagram of a heat preservation assembly of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a first flow chart illustrating the encapsulation of the thermal insulation assembly of the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a second flow chart illustrating the encapsulation of the thermal insulation assembly of the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a simulated temperature cloud of the battery module according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an overall simulated temperature cloud of cells of a battery pack formed by battery modules according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a global simulated temperature cloud of the battery pack made up of battery modules according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a simulated temperature diagram of a collection surface of a bar NTC of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a first temperature data diagram of a battery cell under a low-temperature static test of the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a second temperature data graph of a battery cell under a low-temperature static test of the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a third diagram of temperature data of a battery cell in a low-temperature static test of the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 100-a battery module; 101-a housing; 103-end plate; 105-side plates; 107-electric core; 109-a heat preservation component; 111-an insulating core; 113-a sealing film; 115-a bending section; 117-film layer; 119-coating the film.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a simulated temperature cloud of a battery module provided in the prior art; fig. 2 is a graph of temperature test data of a battery module provided in the prior art (where the test condition is an initial temperature of 25 ℃, the battery module is placed in a low-temperature environment of-20 ℃ and is left to stand for 12 hours, and the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery module is observed, and the abscissa thereof is time and the ordinate thereof is temperature). Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a battery module provided in the prior art is configured to prevent a short circuit caused by direct contact between a cell and an end plate by placing an insulating sheet between the end plate and an outermost cell. However, since the end plate is usually made of an aluminum alloy material (237W/(m × K)) with a very high thermal conductivity, heat of the outermost cell of the battery module is dissipated outward through a heat transfer path from the cell to the insulating sheet to the end plate, which results in a large temperature difference between the outermost cell and the internal cell in the low-temperature standing experiment of the battery module, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the temperature difference of the battery module after the low-temperature standing experiment is about 5 ℃, and the temperature difference is large, which seriously affects the consistency of the battery.
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a battery module, which can reduce the temperature difference between a middle cell and a cell at an end portion of the battery module by reasonably designing a heat insulation assembly between the cell at the end portion and an end plate in a plurality of cells of the battery module, so as to improve the consistency of the battery module, thereby ensuring the performance of the battery module. The battery module will be described in detail below.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module 100 provided in this embodiment; fig. 4 is an exploded view of the battery module 100 according to the present embodiment. Referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4, the battery module 100 provided in the present embodiment includes a plurality of battery cells 107, two end plates 103, and two heat insulation assemblies 109.
The plurality of battery cells 107 are stacked in the direction ab in fig. 2, and the poles of the plurality of battery cells 107 are connected by a bus bar. The two end plates 103 are located at two ends of the stacking direction of the multiple battery cells 107, the length direction of the battery cells 107 is the same as the extending direction of the end plates 103, which is also the cd direction in fig. 2, the height direction of the battery cells 107 is the same as the height direction of the end plates 103, which is also the ef direction in fig. 2, which is also the vertical direction.
Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the battery module 100 further includes two side plates 105, a top cover (not shown), and a bottom cover (not shown). Two curb plates 105 are relative and the interval sets up between two end plates 103, and two end plates 103 and two curb plates 105 enclose into cuboid structure jointly, and a plurality of electric cores 107 set up side by side in cuboid structure, and the direction of arranging of electric core 107 is the same with the extending direction of curb plate 105. The top cover and the bottom cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the rectangular parallelepiped structure to ensure the strength of the casing 101, so as to ensure the safety of the battery cell 107. Of course, in this embodiment, the side plate 105, the top cover, and the bottom cover may not be provided, and at this time, along the stacking direction of the battery cells 107, the plurality of battery cells 107 may be tightened by a tie or a bandage.
Meanwhile, referring to fig. 2 again, in the present embodiment, two heat insulation assemblies 109 are respectively attached between two electric cores 107 of the plurality of electric cores 107 located at the end portion and the adjacent end plate 103, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation assemblies 109
Figure BDA0003589925560000071
The unit is W/(m.k), the heat insulation component 109 is provided with a heat insulation surface attached to the electric core 107, the area of the heat insulation surface is A, and the unit is mm2The thickness of the insulation assembly 109 is L in mm along the line connecting the two end plates 103, and
Figure BDA0003589925560000072
this battery module 100 can greatly slow down the heat transfer between electric core 107 and the end plate 103 through the area of control heat preservation face, the thickness of heat preservation subassembly 109 and the relation between the coefficient of heat conductivity three to can reduce the difference in temperature of the inside and outside electric core 107 of battery module 100, guarantee battery module 100's uniformity, thereby guarantee its charge-discharge performance and life.
Fig. 5 is a first schematic structural diagram of the heat-insulating assembly 109 of the battery module 100 according to the present embodiment; fig. 6 is a second schematic structural diagram of the heat insulation assembly 109 of the battery module 100 according to the present embodiment; fig. 7 is a first flow chart illustrating the encapsulation of the thermal insulation assembly 109 of the battery module 100 according to the embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 4 to 7, in the present embodiment, each of the heat insulation assemblies 109 includes a heat insulation plate, and the heat insulation plate faces the end surface of the corresponding electrical core to form a heat insulation surface. Of course, also can set up every heat preservation subassembly 109 to including a plurality of heated boards, a plurality of terminal surfaces coplane setting of the electric core that a plurality of heated boards orientation correspond to make a plurality of terminal surfaces form the heat preservation face jointly, set up like this, can only set up the heated board in electric core 107 local position, can also reduce the influence to other heated boards when a heated board damages, can practice thrift the heated board cost. Simultaneously, can also set up every insulation subassembly 109 into including a plurality of heated boards along the range upon range of setting of the direction of piling up of a plurality of electric cores, the range upon range of setting of a plurality of heated boards can further improve the heat preservation effect, and the terminal surface of a plurality of heated boards neighbouring electric core forms the heat preservation face this moment.
In detail, no matter how many insulation boards are, in the present embodiment, each insulation board includes an insulation core 111 and a protective layer wrapped outside the insulation core. The protective layer can protect heat preservation core 111 effectively, reduces the damage of heat preservation core 111 to guarantee the heat preservation effect.
In more detail, in the present embodiment, the protective layer may be provided as a sealing film 113, the surface of the sealing film 113 has a hot melt adhesive, and when performing the encapsulating operation, two film layers 117 of the sealing film 113 may be respectively placed on two sides of the thermal insulation core 111, and then pressure is applied in a direction indicated by an arrow shown in fig. 7 in an environment with high temperature and high pressure, so that the hot melt adhesive of the film layers 117 can be melted and adhesively wrapped outside the thermal insulation core 111, thereby forming the thermal insulation assembly 109.
When the protective layer is selected as the sealing film 113, the thermal insulation core 111 can be selected as aerogel; the material of the sealing film 113 may be selected from PET or PVC. The aerogel has thermal-insulated, heat preservation and excellent insulating properties's characteristics, can reduce the heat dissipation of the electric core 107 of tip, can not only reduce the difference in temperature of middle part electric core 107 and marginal electric core 107, can also slow down the cooling rate of electric core 107 at low temperature, effectively improves the performance of electric core 107 at low temperature to guarantee battery module 100's uniformity. The sealing film 113 is made of PET or PVC, so that good sealing performance can be provided, damage and overflow of the heat-insulating core 111 can be reduced, and reduction of insulating performance caused by water absorption in a long-term use process can be prevented. Simultaneously, because aerogel material, PET or PVC material all have certain elasticity, therefore can also give whole heat preservation subassembly 109 elastic property to can also absorb the tolerance of end plate 103 and electric core 107 thickness, and provide a stable extrusion force in groups for the module, guarantee battery module 100's dimensional qualification rate, prevent that electric core 107 from deviating from battery module 100.
In more detail, fig. 8 is a second flowchart illustrating the encapsulation of the thermal insulation assembly 109 of the battery module 100 according to the present embodiment. Referring to fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the protective layer may also be a coating film 119, and at this time, the thermal insulation core 111 may be encapsulated by coating, that is, PE or PP material may be sprayed on the peripheral surface of the thermal insulation core 111 to form the coating film 119 wrapping the surface of the thermal insulation core 111. The PE or PP material is selected for spraying, so that the whole heat insulation assembly 109 can be ensured to have certain elastic performance while the sealing performance and the heat insulation performance are ensured, and the service performance, the safety performance and the qualification rate of the battery module 100 can be ensured.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, no matter the sealing film 113 or the coating film 119 is adopted, the circumferential edge of the protection layer may be set to exceed the circumferential edge of the thermal insulation core 111, and one side of the protection layer is attached to the corresponding battery cell 107, and the other side is attached to the corresponding end plate 103. Through setting up like this, sealing performance and thermal insulation performance can be guaranteed on the one hand to guarantee whole thermal insulation assembly 109's insulating properties, on the other hand can also guarantee that whole thermal insulation assembly 109 has certain elasticity performance, can absorb the tolerance between electric core 107 and the end plate 103, guarantee battery module 100's qualification rate.
As an optional scheme, please refer to fig. 6 again, in this embodiment, a bent portion 115 may be further disposed in the circumferential direction of each thermal insulation assembly 109 (for example, at the top of the thermal insulation plate of the thermal insulation assembly 109, the end close to the terminal of the cell 107 is an end of the thermal insulation plate), the bent portion 115 may be made of the same material as the sealing film 113, and the bent portion 115 is perpendicular to or forms another included angle with the thermal insulation assembly 109, so that when the thermal insulation assembly 109 is located between the corresponding cell 107 and the corresponding end plate 103, the bent portion 115 can be bent and attached to the circumferential surface of the cell 107 or the circumferential surface of the end plate 103, in this embodiment, the bent and attached to the circumferential surface of the cell 107.
By such a configuration, on one hand, the bent portion 115 of the thermal insulation assembly 109 can be directly attached to the battery cell 107, and the battery cell 107 can be prevented from being short-circuited due to direct contact between the battery cell 107 and an external component; on the other hand, the bending part 115 of the heat insulation assembly 109 exceeds the heat insulation core body 111, so that the usage amount of the heat insulation assembly 109 can be reduced, the part cost is reduced, the electric core 107 can be protected in an insulation manner, the use safety of the module is improved, and the sealing performance and the heat insulation performance are further ensured.
In addition, it should be noted that, regardless of the structure and material of the thermal insulation assembly 109, in the present embodiment, the thermal insulation assembly 109 may be mounted by gluing the thermal insulation assembly 109 itself or gluing the end plate 103 and the large surface of the battery cell 107. The heat preservation assembly 109 is installed in a gum mode, and is convenient, flexible and efficient. Moreover, in this embodiment, a heat preservation assembly 109 may be further disposed between each side plate 105 and the corresponding side of the plurality of battery cells 107 in the length direction according to requirements, so as to sufficiently improve the heat preservation performance of the circumferential position of the battery module 100, reduce the temperature difference of each position of the battery module 100, and this embodiment is not repeated.
In order to further ensure the temperature uniformity of the battery module 100, in the present embodiment,
Figure BDA0003589925560000101
the value range can be set to be 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value range of L is correspondingly set to be 0.2-3 mm, the value range of A can be set to be more than or equal to 1.3mm2. And when
Figure BDA0003589925560000102
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 0.2mm, the value range of A is larger than or equal toAt 1.3mm2(ii) a When in use
Figure BDA0003589925560000103
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 0.5m, the value range of A is more than or equal to 3.1mm2(ii) a When in use
Figure BDA0003589925560000104
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 1.0mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 6.3mm2(ii) a When in use
Figure BDA0003589925560000105
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 1.5mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 9.4mm2(ii) a When in use
Figure BDA0003589925560000106
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 2.0mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 12.6mm2(ii) a When in use
Figure BDA0003589925560000107
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 3.0mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 18.9mm2. And the specific values of the three can be referred to the following table.
Figure BDA0003589925560000108
Figure BDA0003589925560000111
Fig. 9 is a simulated temperature cloud of the battery module 100 provided in this embodiment; fig. 10 is a temperature cloud diagram of the whole simulation of the electric core 107 of the battery pack formed by the battery module 100 provided in this embodiment; fig. 11 is a global simulated temperature cloud diagram of the battery pack formed by the battery modules 100 according to the present embodiment; fig. 12 is a simulated temperature diagram of the collection surface of the negative NTC plate of the battery module 100 according to the present embodiment(ii) a Fig. 13 is a first temperature data diagram of the battery cell 107 under the low-temperature static test of the battery module 100 provided in this embodiment; fig. 14 is a second temperature data diagram of the battery cell 107 under the low-temperature static test of the battery module 100 provided in this embodiment. Referring to fig. 9 to 14, in the present embodiment, when
Figure BDA0003589925560000112
And when the L and the A meet the requirements of the tables, when the heat insulation assembly 109 meeting the design is placed between the cell 107 and the end plate 103 at the end part of the battery module 100, and the battery is subjected to a low-temperature standing simulation experiment, wherein the simulation theoretical result is that after standing for 12 hours, the lowest temperature of the NTC collection surface is-6.3 ℃, the highest temperature is-2.65 ℃, the maximum temperature difference of the NTC collection surface is 1.9 ℃, and 26100s reaches 0 ℃. The actual experiment results are shown in fig. 13 and fig. 14, after standing for 12h, the lowest temperature of the NTC collection surface is-8.8 ℃, the highest temperature is-5.5 ℃, the maximum temperature difference of the NTC collection surface is 3.3 ℃, and 23100s reaches 0 ℃. Compared with the prior art in which the temperature difference exceeds 4 ℃ and is close to 5 ℃, the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in the battery module 100 can be effectively reduced, and the consistency of the battery module 100 can be fully ensured.
As an alternative, in the present embodiment,
Figure BDA0003589925560000121
has a value range of
Figure BDA0003589925560000122
Since 0.026W/(m k) is the thermal conductivity of air, the heat transfer efficiency will be improved when the heat transfer efficiency is increased
Figure BDA0003589925560000123
The value range control when the coefficient of heat conductivity of air is below, compare in prior art and more can provide heat preservation performance to can slow down the heat transfer of electric core 107 and end plate 103 effectively, reduce the difference in temperature of the inside electric core 107 of battery module 100, slow down the cooling rate of electric core 107 at low temperature simultaneously, effectively improve a heat preservation subassembly 109 of performance of electric core 107 at low temperature.
Further alternatively, in the present embodiment, the temperature of the battery cell 107 is the structure that can most directly reflect the temperature of each position in the battery module 100, so that the temperature difference of each position in the battery module 100 can be reflected by the temperature of the battery cell 107. Meanwhile, each cell 107 is provided with a bus bar in a connected manner, so that the temperature difference of each position of the bus bar can reflect the temperature difference of each position of the battery module 100.
In the first manner, the selection of the heat-insulating assemblies 109 is further required to be satisfied, when the two heat-insulating assemblies 109 are respectively attached between two electric cores 107 located at the end portions of the plurality of electric cores 107 and the corresponding end plates 103, the initial temperature of the battery module 100 is set to 25 ℃, and the battery module is placed in a low-temperature environment of-20 ℃ and is stationary for 12 hours, in this process, the temperature of the electric core 107 with the highest temperature in the plurality of electric cores 107 in the battery module 100 is tmax, and the temperature of the electric core 107 with the lowest temperature in the plurality of electric cores 107 in the battery module 100 is tmin; wherein tmin is more than or equal to-5 ℃ and less than tmax and less than or equal to 25 ℃, the temperature difference delta t of the same time axis is tmax-tmin and less than or equal to 10 ℃, and the temperature drop rate of the battery module 100 at any time meets the requirement that the temperature drop rate is less than or equal to 2.5 ℃/h or less than or equal to 0.05 ℃/min. In the second manner, the selection of the heat preservation assemblies 109 is further required to meet the requirement that, when two heat preservation assemblies 109 are respectively attached between two end-located electric cores 107 of the plurality of electric cores 107 and the corresponding end plates 103, the initial temperature of the battery module 100 is set to 25 ℃, and the battery module is placed in a low-temperature environment of-20 ℃ and is kept still for 12 hours, the maximum temperature of the bus bar in the process is tmax, and the minimum temperature of the bus bar is tmin; wherein tmin is more than or equal to-10 ℃ and less than tmax, the temperature difference delta t of the same time axis is tmax-tmin and less than or equal to 10 ℃, and the temperature drop rate of the battery module 100 at any time meets the requirement that the temperature drop rate is less than or equal to 3 ℃/h or less than or equal to 0.08 ℃/min.
Fig. 15 is a third temperature data chart of the battery cell 107 under the low-temperature static test of the battery module 100 provided in this embodiment. Referring to fig. 15, when the thermal insulation assembly 109 meets the above design requirements, a low-temperature standing simulation test is performed on the battery module 100 under the test condition that the initial temperature is 25 ℃, the battery module is placed in a low-temperature environment of-20 ℃ and is kept still for 12 hours, and the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery module 100 is observed, wherein the abscissa is time and the ordinate is temperature. As can be seen from the test results shown in fig. 15, the lowest temperature of the battery module 100 provided in this embodiment was-8.8 ℃ at the lowest temperature, the highest temperature was-5.5 ℃ at the highest temperature, and the temperature difference at the end of the test was 3.3 ℃.
That is, as can be seen from the comparison between the results shown in fig. 9 to 15 and the results shown in fig. 1 and 2, the design of the heat-insulating assembly 109 of the present embodiment can effectively reduce the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature in the battery module 100, compared to the prior art in which the temperature difference exceeds 4 ℃ and is close to 5 ℃, thereby fully ensuring the consistency of the battery module 100.
The following describes in detail the installation process, operation principle and advantageous effects of the battery module 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention:
when the battery module 100 is installed, the end plates 103, the side plates 105 and the bottom cover are assembled into a rectangular structure, then the four heat preservation assemblies 109 are respectively attached to the inner sides of the two end plates 103 and the two side plates 105, then the plurality of battery cells 107 are placed in the rectangular structure, the poles of the battery cells 107 are connected through the bus bars, and finally the top cover is matched with the rectangular structure. After the battery module 100 is installed, the battery module 100 can be connected with other battery modules 100 to form a battery pack, and is connected with electric equipment in a battery pack mode to supply power to the electric equipment, and certainly, the battery module 100 can also be directly connected with the electric equipment to supply power to the electric equipment.
In the above process, the battery module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present invention can greatly slow down the heat transfer between the electric core 107 and the end plate 103 by controlling the relationship among the area of the heat insulating surface of the heat insulating assembly 109, the thickness of the heat insulating assembly 109, and the thermal conductivity coefficient, so as to reduce the temperature difference between the electric core 107 inside and outside the battery module 100, ensure the consistency of the battery module 100, and ensure the charge and discharge performance and the service life of the battery module 100.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a battery module 100 with a small temperature difference between the inner and outer electric cores 107 and high consistency.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (13)

1. A battery module, comprising:
the battery comprises a plurality of stacked battery cells, two end plates and two heat insulation assemblies, wherein the two end plates are positioned at two ends of the stacked direction of the plurality of battery cells;
two the heat preservation subassembly is laminated in a plurality of electric core is located two of tip respectively electric core and adjacent between the end plate, just heat conductivity coefficient of heat preservation subassembly
Figure FDA0003589925550000011
The unit is W/(m.k), the heat insulation component is provided with a heat insulation surface attached to the battery core, the area of the heat insulation surface is A, and the unit is mm2Along the connecting line direction of the two end plates, the thickness of the heat insulation component is L and the unit is mm, and
Figure FDA0003589925550000012
2. the battery module according to claim 1, wherein:
Figure FDA0003589925550000013
the value range is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), when the value range of L is 0.2-3 mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 1.3mm2。
3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein:
when in use
Figure FDA0003589925550000014
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 0.2mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 1.3mm2；
When in use
Figure FDA0003589925550000015
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 0.5mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 3.1mm2；
When in use
Figure FDA0003589925550000016
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 1.0mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 6.3mm2；
When in use
Figure FDA0003589925550000017
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 1.5mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 9.4mm2；
When in use
Figure FDA0003589925550000018
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 2.0mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 12.6mm2；
When in use
Figure FDA0003589925550000019
The value is 0.02-0.035W/(m.k), and when the value of L is 3.0mm, the value range of A is more than or equal to 18.9mm2。
4. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein:
Figure FDA0003589925550000021
has a value range of
Figure FDA0003589925550000022
5. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the heat-retaining member further satisfies the following condition:
when the two heat preservation assemblies are respectively attached between two electric cores of the plurality of electric cores and the corresponding end plates, the initial temperature of the battery module is set to be 25 ℃, and the battery module is placed in a low-temperature environment of-20 ℃ and is kept still for 12 hours, the temperature of the electric core with the highest temperature in the plurality of electric cores in the battery module is tmax, and the temperature of the electric core with the lowest temperature in the plurality of electric cores in the battery module is tmin;
wherein tmin is more than or equal to 5 ℃ and less than tmax and less than or equal to 25 ℃, the temperature difference delta t of the same time shaft is between tmax and tmin and less than or equal to 7 ℃, and the temperature reduction rate of the battery module at any time is less than or equal to 2.5 ℃/h or less than or equal to 0.05 ℃/min.
6. The battery module of claim 1, further comprising a busbar connected between the poles of each of the cells, wherein the thermal insulation assembly further satisfies the following conditions:
when the two heat preservation assemblies are respectively attached between two end-located electric cores of the plurality of electric cores and the corresponding end plates, setting the initial temperature of the battery module to be 25 ℃, and placing the battery module in a low-temperature environment of-20 ℃ for standing for 12 hours, wherein the highest temperature of the busbar in the process is tmax, and the lowest temperature of the busbar is tmin;
wherein tmin is more than or equal to-10 ℃ and less than tmax, the temperature difference delta t of the same time shaft is tmax-tmin and less than or equal to 10 ℃, and the temperature drop rate of the battery module at any time is less than or equal to 3 ℃/h or less than or equal to 0.08 ℃/min.
7. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:
each heat insulation component comprises a heat insulation plate, and the heat insulation plate faces the end face of the corresponding electric core to form a heat insulation surface;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
each heat insulation assembly comprises a plurality of heat insulation plates, the plurality of heat insulation plates are arranged in a coplanar manner towards a plurality of end surfaces of the corresponding battery cell, and the plurality of end surfaces jointly form the heat insulation surface;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
each heat insulation assembly comprises a plurality of heat insulation plates, the heat insulation plates are arranged in a stacking mode along the stacking direction of the electric cores, and the heat insulation plates are adjacent to the end faces of one of the electric cores to form the heat insulation faces.
8. The battery module according to claim 7, wherein:
the heat-insulating plate comprises a heat-insulating core body and a protective layer wrapped outside the heat-insulating core body.
9. The battery module according to claim 8, wherein:
the protective layer is a sealing film, a hot melt adhesive is arranged on the surface of the sealing film, and the sealing film is used for being adhered to the heat-preservation core body when the hot melt adhesive is molten;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the protective layer is a coating film, and the coating film is sprayed on the surface of the heat-insulating core body.
10. The battery module according to claim 9, wherein:
the heat-insulating core body is made of aerogel; and when the protective layer is the seal membrane, the material of seal membrane is PET or PVC, when the protective layer is the coating film, the material of coating film is PE or PP.
11. The battery module according to claim 8, wherein:
the circumference edge of protective layer surpasss the circumference edge of heat preservation core, just protective layer one side with correspond the laminating of electricity core, the opposite side with correspond the end plate laminating.
12. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:
every the circumference of heat preservation subassembly still is provided with the kink, works as the heat preservation subassembly is located corresponding electric core with correspond when between the end plate, the kink is buckled and is laminated to the circumferential surface of electric core or the circumferential surface of end plate.
13. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:
the battery module further comprises two side plates, the two side plates are opposite and arranged between the two end plates at intervals, and the two side plates are respectively positioned on two sides of the plurality of battery cores in the length direction; and one heat insulation assembly is arranged between each side plate and the corresponding side of the plurality of battery cells in the length direction.
CN202210374913.4A 2022-04-11 2022-04-11 Battery module Pending CN114709462A (en)

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