CN114700588A - Welding seam identification method for controlling arc rotation through electric field - Google Patents
Welding seam identification method for controlling arc rotation through electric field Download PDFInfo
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- CN114700588A CN114700588A CN202210205605.9A CN202210205605A CN114700588A CN 114700588 A CN114700588 A CN 114700588A CN 202210205605 A CN202210205605 A CN 202210205605A CN 114700588 A CN114700588 A CN 114700588A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/127—Means for tracking lines during arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/1272—Geometry oriented, e.g. beam optical trading
- B23K9/1276—Using non-contact, electric or magnetic means, e.g. inductive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a welding seam tracking sensor for controlling arc rotation by adopting an electric field, which mainly comprises a welding power supply, a welding seam tracking real-time adjusting mechanism, a Hall sensor, an electric field excitation power supply, 4 electric field polar plates for generating a rotating electric field, a supporting sleeve, a rotating mechanism and the like. After the arc of the welding gun is started, the electric field excitation power supply transmits the same voltage to 2 pairs of electric field polar plates, so that the polarities of the 4 electric field polar plates are kept consistent, and a symmetrical electric field is generated along the centers of the polar plates; when the rotating mechanism drives the roller to move along the outer wall of the supporting sleeve and touches the spring device on the outer wall, the distribution condition of the electric field can be changed, so that the electric arc scans a welding seam under the action of the electric field, the electric arc information is extracted through the Hall sensor, then the welding seam tracking real-time adjusting mechanism processes and judges the tracking deviation of the welding seam, and then the welding path is adjusted and the welding parameters are adjusted, thereby realizing the automatic tracking of the welding seam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a welding seam tracking sensor which utilizes a variable electric field to act on an electric arc of TIG welding to realize the purpose of tracking a welding seam, in particular to a welding seam tracking sensor which utilizes the electric field to control the deflection of the electric arc.
Technical Field
TIG welding is a welding method widely used in industrial production, and mainly controls a TIG arc to realize automatic tracking of a weld in the field of automatic welding control in view of the recent improvement of welding automation degree. The welding seam tracking is to extract information of welding arc in real time during welding so as to judge the relative position of a welding gun and a welding seam, further adjust a welding path and welding parameters, and realize the welding seam tracking while ensuring the reliability of welding quality.
The electromagnetic welding technology is a new welding technology which is gradually improved in recent years, along with the continuous and deep research, the research range is gradually enlarged, the electromagnetic welding technology is rapidly developed, relevant theories are gradually formed, and meanwhile, part of the existing technology is applied to production practice. Since the arc column of the arc in TIG welding is a gas state containing a large amount of charged particles such as electrons and positive ions and neutral particles, etc. which are aggregated together, the charged particles between the arc columns are moved by the force of an electric field to change the shape and position of the arc.
Chinese patent 201911167050.8 discloses a welding work device with dust removal function, which comprises a work table top, an electrostatic dust collector and a smoke-blocking exhaust hood, wherein an electrostatic dust removal component is arranged on the work table top, the smoke-blocking exhaust hood is hermetically arranged on the electrostatic dust removal component, the electrostatic dust removal components are arranged in two groups and are symmetrically arranged, the space between the two electrostatic dust removal components is connected with an exhaust port, and the two sides of the space are sealed by baffles; the electrostatic dust removal component comprises a shutter, an electric purifier and a support plate with holes; the electric purifier includes discharge electrode and dust collecting electrode, the discharge electrode has good conductivity and discharge effect, it discharges to the dust collecting electrode under certain voltage function; the shutter is the smoke and waste gas inlet surface of the device; the two groups of electrostatic dust collection components are provided with independent control devices; the gas purified by the electrostatic dust collection component enters the exhaust port, and the exhaust port discharges the flue gas by virtue of electric field wind generated by the electrostatic dust collection component.
Chinese patent 201710281545.8 discloses an electric-magnetic field double-control arc welding seam tracking sensor, in which an electric field excitation power supply supplies voltage with a certain alternating frequency and phase difference to 3 pairs of electric field pole plates, so that the polarities of the 3 pairs of electric field pole plates are alternately changed, and the magnetic field excitation power supply enables a magnetic induction coil to generate a constant longitudinal magnetic field. The electric field control arc rotation swing is facilitated under the condition of a magnetic field focusing arc form, so that a welding seam is scanned, arc information is extracted through a Hall sensor, a welding seam tracking deviation is judged through the welding seam tracking real-time adjusting mechanism, then a welding path is adjusted, welding parameters are adjusted, and therefore automatic tracking of the welding seam is achieved, but a corresponding electric field is generated due to generation of a magnetic field, and control of an electrode plate on the arc is interfered.
In summary, there are few examples of the application of electric fields to the field of welding automation, and no sensor for accurately controlling arc deflection by electric fields.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a weld joint tracking sensor for controlling TIG arc oscillation by using an electric field, which draws arc oscillation to scan a weld joint by applying a stable electric field and changing the size and direction of the electric field around a tungsten electrode.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the sensor mainly comprises a welding power supply, a weld joint tracking real-time adjusting mechanism, a Hall sensor, an electric field excitation power supply, 4 electric field polar plates for generating an electric field, a supporting sleeve, a rotating mechanism and other mechanisms, wherein the electric field excitation power supply outputs voltages with the same magnitude and the same polarity to the 4 electrode plates; when the rotating mechanism makes circular motion to drive the roller to move, the roller rotates along the outer wall of the supporting sleeve to roll the spring device on the outer wall of the supporting sleeve to change the position of the polar plate, at the moment, the balance of a symmetrical electric field around the electric arc is broken, the resultant force of the electric field pulls the electric arc to deviate, the electric arc generates deviation in different directions under the resultant force action of the electric fields in different directions in each period, a welding seam is scanned, a Hall sensor receives the change of electric arc parameters during welding to obtain corresponding data, the data are input into a data analysis system to be analyzed to obtain corresponding welding parameters, the parameters are fed back to the adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism adjusts a welding path and the welding parameters according to the obtained data to realize automatic tracking of the welding seam.
When the motor rotates, the motor drives the connecting rod and the roller to rotate together, the roller rolls along the outer wall of the supporting sleeve in a circumferential mode, when the roller rolls to the spring contact, the spring contact can drive the electrode plate to move inwards, when the roller moves away from the contact, the spring can drive the electrode plate to restore the original position, and at the moment, the optical code disc records the position of the roller.
The wall of the supporting sleeve is provided with four through holes which are periodically arranged, each through hole is provided with a spring device, a connecting rod provided with an electrode plate and one end of each spring device are arranged on the inner side of the supporting sleeve, and a contact of each spring device is arranged on the outer wall of the supporting sleeve.
The electric field generator of the present invention is characterized in that an electric field excitation power supply is used for inputting electric fields with the same size and the same polarity to 4 electrode plates arranged on a connecting rod to generate a transverse electric field.
The electric field excitation power supply is a direct current power supply, and the output voltage can be adjusted according to the welding condition so as to change the size of the electric field and further change the swing angle of the electric arc.
The working principle and the function of the invention are as follows:
in fig. 3, when the tungsten electrode is perpendicular to the workpiece for arc striking, voltages with the same magnitude and the same polarity are simultaneously input to each electrode plate, and because the distances between each electrode plate and the tungsten electrode are the same and are symmetrically distributed, the resultant force of the electric fields at the center of the tungsten electrode is 0, and the arc does not deviate.
Fig. 4 shows that when the distance between the electrode plates starts to change, the electric field at the tungsten electrode changes, and the arc deflects to one side under the action of the electric field force, and fig. 5 shows that the distance between the other electrode plates changes, so that the direction of the electric field changes, and the direction of the arc deflection changes under the action of the electric field force.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the tungsten electrode does not move, the electric arc can not be dispersed because of inertia, and the effect of electric arc excursion is reached, thereby the information of the electric arc is effectively extracted for electric arc tracking, meanwhile, because the electric arc generates rotary excursion, the electric arc blowing force can act on the surface of a molten pool, so that the metal liquid can be uniformly spread on the surface of a workpiece, and the probability of undercut and flash occurrence is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the spring device and the rotating device of the present invention
FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 are views of the weld seam position of a sensor and corresponding welded workpiece in operation according to the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the resultant force distribution of the electric field according to the present invention
In the figure, 1-motor, 2-water outlet, 3-roller, 4-spring, 5-electrode plate, 6-tungsten electrode, 7-supporting sleeve, 8-ejector rod, contact, 9-connecting rod, 10-slide rail and 11-electric field line
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings and examples
Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus for performing automatic scan tracking by controlling the movement of the arc by changing the magnitude and direction of the electric field distribution according to the present embodiment includes: an electric field excitation power supply, an electric field polar plate, a spring device, a supporting sleeve, a rotating mechanism and the like. The electric field excitation power supply outputs voltages with the same size and the same polarity to an electric field pole plate to generate an electric field, the distance between the pole plates is changed through the rotating mechanism, so that the size and the direction of the electric field are changed periodically, the traction electric arc carries out welding seam scanning movement regularly, the Hall sensor receives the change of welding voltage when the electric arc moves to obtain corresponding data, the data are input to the data analysis system to be analyzed to obtain corresponding welding seam position parameters, the parameters are input to the adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism adjusts the position of the welding gun according to the obtained data, and automatic tracking of the welding seam is achieved.
Referring to fig. 2, four through holes are symmetrically distributed on the wall of the supporting sleeve, a spring device is installed at each through hole, a contact of the spring device is placed on the outer wall of the sleeve, the spring is placed in a clamping groove in the sleeve, a connecting rod provided with a polar plate is placed between the spring and an ejector rod, when the contact is extruded, the ejector rod drives the connecting rod to move inwards, the polar plate moves inwards, and the spring is extruded and contracted; when the contact is not pressed by pressure, the spring restores the original length to push the ejector rod and the connecting rod to move outwards, and the electrode plate also restores to the original position.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the embodiment is a weld position diagram of a welded workpiece corresponding to a sensor for electric field arc tracking, when the electrode plate position in fig. 3 is not moved, the position and shape of the arc at the weld after the tungsten electrode is arc-started, and fig. 4 is an electric field with a size of not 0 generated by breaking the balance of the electric field at the tungsten electrode after the electrode plate position is moved. Under the action of the electric field, the electric arc can be acted by the electric field force, the electric arc is drawn to be deviated in the direction pointed by the electric field, and the welding seam on the right side of the weldment is scanned. Meanwhile, the voltage of the electric field pole plate is changed, the offset angle and distance of the electric arc can be changed, the direction of the generated combined electric field can also be changed by changing the distance of other pole plates in the graph of fig. 5, the electric arc can be offset leftwards under the traction of the electric field force, the welding seam on the left side of the welding part is scanned, and the deflection direction of the electric arc is controlled by controlling the distance of the pole plates relative to the tungsten electrode.
When the electric arc scans the welding seam back under the action of the electric field, relevant electric arc parameters are extracted by the Hall element sensor, each welding seam position has a corresponding welding parameter corresponding to the welding seam position, the data are input into the data analysis system to be analyzed to obtain corresponding welding parameters, the parameters are fed back to the adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism adjusts the welding path and the welding parameters according to the obtained data, so that the precise automatic tracking of the welding seam is realized.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a rotatory welding seam tracking sensor of electric field control electric arc, this sensor mainly comprises mechanisms such as 4 electric field polar plates, support sleeve, rotary mechanism of welding power supply, welding seam tracking real-time adjustment mechanism, hall sensor, electric field excitation power supply, production rotatory electric field, its characterized in that: the tungsten electrode of the welding gun does not move, 4 pole plates are symmetrically distributed around the tungsten electrode, every two adjacent 2 base plates are distributed at an included angle of 90 degrees, voltages with the same magnitude and the same polarity are simultaneously input to the 4 pole plates, so that electric fields around the tungsten electrode are symmetrically distributed, when the rotating mechanism makes circular motion to drive the roller to move, the roller rotates along the outer wall of the supporting sleeve to roll a spring device on the outer wall of the supporting sleeve to change the positions of the pole plates, at the moment, the balance of the symmetrical electric fields around the electric arc is broken, the resultant force of the electric fields draws the electric arc to deviate, in each period, the electric arc generates deviation in different directions under the resultant force action of the electric fields in different directions, the welding seam is scanned, the spatial position of the welding seam is obtained, and automatic welding seam tracking is realized.
2. The seam tracking sensor for electric field controlled arc rotation of claim 1, wherein: the tungsten electrode is positioned at the right center of the support sleeve, 4 spring devices are symmetrically distributed on the support sleeve, the contact of each spring device is positioned on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the connecting rod for connecting the polar plate is arranged in each spring device; the rotary mechanism consists of a motor, a connecting rod and a roller, when the motor rotates, the motor drives the connecting rod and the roller to rotate together, the roller rolls along the outer wall of the supporting sleeve in a circumferential mode, when the roller rolls to a spring contact, the spring contact can drive the electrode plate to move inwards, when the roller is moved away from the contact, the spring can drive the electrode plate to restore the original position, and at the moment, the optical code disc records the position of the roller.
3. An electric field controlled arc rotating seam tracking sensor according to claims 1 and 2, wherein: when the distance between the electrode plates and the tungsten electrode is the same, the voltage on the electrode plates is the same, and the polarity is the same, the resultant force of the electric field of each electrode plate at the symmetric center of the tungsten electrode is 0, and the electric arc does not deviate; when one of the electrode plates is close to the tungsten electrode, the resultant force of an electric field at the center of the tungsten electrode is not 0, the electric arc deflects towards the direction of the electric field, the electric arc periodically deflects by periodically changing the distance of the electrode plates, so that a welding seam is scanned, electric arc information is extracted through a Hall sensor, then the welding seam tracking deviation is judged by processing through a welding seam tracking real-time adjusting mechanism, and then a welding path is adjusted and welding parameters are adjusted, so that the automatic tracking of the welding seam is realized.
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| CN202210205605.9A CN114700588B (en) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | Weld joint identification method for electric field to control arc rotation |
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| CN202210205605.9A CN114700588B (en) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | Weld joint identification method for electric field to control arc rotation |
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| CN114700588B CN114700588B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH08132240A (en) * | 1994-11-02 | 1996-05-28 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Consumble electrode type welding torch |
| JPH11239878A (en) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-09-07 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Tig welding equipment |
| CN107008999A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-04 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of electricity, the weld seam tracking sensor of magnetic field dual control electric arc |
| CN208614052U (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2019-03-19 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of two dimensional ultrasonic vibration auxiliary fusion welding device |
| CN109530864A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-03-29 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of weld seam tracking sensor with magnetic field control TIG electric arc |
| CN109719369A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-07 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of welding seam tracking method of multipole capacitance sensing magnetic control real-time deviation correcting |
| CN209424721U (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-09-24 | 闫国庆 | A kind of rotary arc sensor |
| CN113857623A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Magnetic control swinging arc magnetic circuit device for ferromagnetic steel GTAW narrow gap welding and application |
| CN113996883A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-02-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Double-pendulum wire welding device based on magnetic control arc GTAW narrow gap welding and utilization method |
-
2022
- 2022-03-04 CN CN202210205605.9A patent/CN114700588B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08132240A (en) * | 1994-11-02 | 1996-05-28 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Consumble electrode type welding torch |
| JPH11239878A (en) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-09-07 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Tig welding equipment |
| CN107008999A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-04 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of electricity, the weld seam tracking sensor of magnetic field dual control electric arc |
| CN208614052U (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2019-03-19 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of two dimensional ultrasonic vibration auxiliary fusion welding device |
| CN109530864A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-03-29 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of weld seam tracking sensor with magnetic field control TIG electric arc |
| CN209424721U (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-09-24 | 闫国庆 | A kind of rotary arc sensor |
| CN109719369A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-07 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of welding seam tracking method of multipole capacitance sensing magnetic control real-time deviation correcting |
| CN113857623A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Magnetic control swinging arc magnetic circuit device for ferromagnetic steel GTAW narrow gap welding and application |
| CN113996883A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2022-02-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Double-pendulum wire welding device based on magnetic control arc GTAW narrow gap welding and utilization method |
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