CN109530864B - Welding seam tracking sensor for controlling TIG electric arc by magnetic field - Google Patents
Welding seam tracking sensor for controlling TIG electric arc by magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN109530864B CN109530864B CN201910004123.5A CN201910004123A CN109530864B CN 109530864 B CN109530864 B CN 109530864B CN 201910004123 A CN201910004123 A CN 201910004123A CN 109530864 B CN109530864 B CN 109530864B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/127—Means for tracking lines during arc welding or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
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Abstract
The invention discloses a weld joint tracking sensor for controlling TIG electric arc by adopting a magnetic field. The sensor mainly comprises a magnetic field excitation power supply, a magnetic induction coil generating a magnetic field and a worm and gear transmission mechanism. The magnetic induction coil is wound on the supporting sleeve, the magnetic induction coil generates a longitudinal magnetic field by the aid of the excitation power supply, magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field is symmetrical about a central axis, magnetic induction intensity of the central axis is the largest, the magnetic induction intensity is smaller as the magnetic induction coil is far away from the central axis, the magnetic field is deviated left and right through worm and gear transmission, the magnetic fields on two sides of a TIG arc are uneven, shrinkage degrees on two sides of the arc are different, the arc deflects left and right to scan the welding seam, arc information is extracted through the Hall sensor, welding seam tracking deviation is judged through the welding seam tracking real-time adjusting mechanism, welding paths and welding parameters are adjusted, and automatic tracking of.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a weld joint tracking sensor which utilizes a magnetic field to act on an electric arc of TIG welding to realize the automatic tracking of a weld joint and improve the quality of the weld joint, in particular to a weld joint tracking sensor which utilizes the magnetic field to control the deflection of the electric arc
Technical Field
With the continuous improvement of the magnetic field technology, the magnetic field technology is applied to more and more fields, and the magnetic field technology also has huge development prospect and practical value in the field of welding.
The arc is a strong and durable discharge phenomenon generated between two electrodes, and the arc column of the arc is in a gas state containing a large amount of charged particles such as electrons and positive ions, and neutral particles, and the like which are aggregated together, so that under the action of a magnetic field, the charged particles between the arc columns are subjected to Lorentz force to do relevant movement to rotate the arc. The currently common ways of applying magnetic fields are: a longitudinal magnetic field is applied, so that electric arcs can be focused, and a molten pool is stirred to refine grains of a structure, thereby improving the welding quality; the transverse magnetic field is applied, so that the swing of the electric arc can be controlled and the weld forming can be improved; and applying a sharp-angle magnetic field to change the shape of the electric arc, and correspondingly widening and compressing the electric arc according to the requirement of a welding process.
In foreign countries, scholars such as lofinaov P.A apply an external magnetic field during submerged arc automatic welding, and observe and analyze the action rule of the external magnetic field on the melting rate of the welding wire. In Japan, the metallurgical reaction of weld metal is influenced by adopting the control of an external magnetic field in the double-wire TIG welding stage. Manage et al analyzed the law of action of magnetic fields on welding arcs and weld metals.
In China, Changlong, small car and the like artificially study the influence of the aluminum alloy pulse MIG welding on the molten drop transition when a longitudinal magnetic field is applied to an electric arc, and adopt high-speed recording equipment to collect the molten drop expression form during welding and analyze the change form of the molten drop transition. In the process of welding aluminum alloy TIG welding, a constant longitudinal magnetic field is applied by Li army, Jiangshuan and the like, and the fact that when no magnetism is added, the metal structure of a welding seam is large and the texture of the welding seam is irregular is found; when a constant longitudinal magnetic field exists, the metal structure of the welding seam becomes fine, and the performance of the welding joint is improved.
To sum up, most of the domestic and foreign scholars apply the magnetic field to the welded tissue, the performance of the welded joint, the influence on the excessive molten drop, and the like, and some of the scholars also apply the magnetic field to the seam tracking sensor, but how to make the arc burn stably in the offset process is an urgent problem to be solved, and even no arc sensor which can control the arc focus by controlling the arc offset through the magnetic field is available
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a weld seam tracking sensor for TIG arc control by magnetic field, which draws the arc to sweep the weld seam by applying a stable longitudinal magnetic field and deflecting the magnetic field by a worm gear.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the device comprises a worm gear transmission device, a support sleeve, a Hall sensor, a magnetic field excitation power supply, a data analysis system and the like, wherein the magnetic field excitation power supply outputs specific direct current to a magnetic induction coil to generate a longitudinal magnetic field, the magnetic field is shifted conventionally through the worm gear, electric arcs are dragged to shift regularly, the Hall sensor receives the change of electric arc parameters during welding to obtain corresponding data, the data are input to the data analysis system to be analyzed to obtain corresponding welding parameters, the parameters are fed back to an adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism adjusts a welding path and the welding parameters according to the obtained data to realize automatic tracking of the welding line.
The upper end of the supporting sleeve is connected with two worms, the upper end surface of the supporting sleeve is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a water storage tank is arranged between the outermost layer and the inner layer of the sleeve.
The magnetic field generating device of the invention generates a longitudinal magnetic field by electrifying a magnetic induction coil wound on a support sleeve by a magnetic field excitation power supply.
The magnetic field excitation power supply is a direct current power supply, and the magnitude of output current can be adjusted according to the condition of a welding seam, so that the magnitude of a magnetic field is changed, and further the shrinkage degree of an electric arc is changed.
The transmission device of the invention drives the worm to transmit by depending on the rotation of the worm wheel, and the worm and the supporting sleeve are an integral body and also drive the magnetic induction coil on the sleeve to shift so as to shift the magnetic field.
The water cooling device in the magnetic control arc sensor adopts circulating water for cooling, a water inlet is connected with a water inlet pipe, and a water outlet is connected with a water outlet pipe. When the water inlet speed is equal to the water outlet speed, the cooling water circulation is ensured to be smooth. The magnetic induction coil is tightly wound on the outer wall of the water storage tank, and the outer wall is coated with an insulating material, so that the temperature of the excitation coil and the temperature of the magnetic coil can be controlled below a certain temperature point all the time, and the normal excitation in the welding process is ensured.
The working principle and the function of the invention are as follows:
FIG. 4 shows the position and shape of the welding seam scanned by the arc after the tungsten pole has been in arc under the action of the symmetric magnetic field when the central axes of the tungsten pole and the supporting sleeve are coincident, FIG. 5 shows that the magnetic field is shifted to the left relative to the tungsten pole under the action of the worm gear, i.e. the arc is under the action of the asymmetric magnetic field, and the magnetic field strength at the left of the tungsten pole is less than that at the right of the tungsten pole, so that the rotating radius of the electron in the arc at the left of the tungsten pole is greater than that in the arc at the right, which is expressed by the fact that the arc width at the left of the tungsten pole is greater than that of the arc at the right of the tungsten pole, and the welding seam at the left of the welding part is scanned, FIG. 6 shows that the magnetic field is shifted to the right relative to the tungsten pole under the action of the worm gear, i.e. the arc is under the action of the asymmetric magnetic field, the width of the arc on the right side of the tungsten electrode is larger than that of the arc on the left side of the tungsten electrode, and the welding seam on the right side of the weldment is scanned. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the tungsten electrode does not move, so that the electric arc can be stably combusted, the electric arc cannot be dispersed due to inertia under the constraint of the longitudinal magnetic field, the electric arc deviation effect is achieved, the information of the electric arc is effectively extracted to carry out electric arc tracking, and the longitudinal magnetic field can enable a molten pool to stir, so that the weld joint tissue is smaller, and the mechanical property is better.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, fig. 2 and fig. 3 are overall structural diagrams of a worm and a support sleeve of the present invention, fig. 4 and fig. 6 are diagrams of a weld position of a sensor and a corresponding welding workpiece when the present invention is in operation, and fig. 1 is a magnetic field excitation power supply, 2 is a worm, 3 is a water inlet, 4 is a worm wheel, 5 is a water outlet, 6 is a magnetic induction coil, 7 is an induction magnetic field, 8 is a tungsten pole, 9 is a nozzle, 10 is a support sleeve, and 11 is a lead.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus for performing automatic scan tracking by controlling the movement of an arc through a shifted magnetic field according to the present embodiment includes: magnetic field excitation power supply, magnetic induction coil, worm and gear, support sleeve, etc. The magnetic field excitation power supply outputs specific direct current to the magnetic induction coil to generate a magnetic field, the magnetic field is directionally deviated through worm and gear transmission, the electric arc is dragged to regularly perform welding seam scanning movement, the Hall sensor receives the change of welding current during the electric arc movement to obtain corresponding data, the data are input to the data analysis system to be analyzed to obtain corresponding welding seam position parameters, the parameters are input to the adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism adjusts the position of the welding gun according to the obtained data to achieve automatic tracking of the welding seam.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a worm is connected above the sleeve, the supporting sleeve is also directionally deviated through the transmission of the worm gear, a water storage tank is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall of the supporting sleeve to cool the magnetic induction coil, and a water inlet and a water outlet are formed at the top of the sleeve which is symmetrical about the center of the sleeve, so that cooling water can be conveniently exchanged.
Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 6, the embodiment is a weld position diagram of a welded workpiece corresponding to a sensor for magnetic control arc tracking, fig. 4 is a position and a form of an arc of a tungsten electrode after the arc is generated under the action of a symmetric magnetic field when central axes of the tungsten electrode and a supporting sleeve are overlapped, fig. 5 is a position and a form of a weld scanned under the action of a symmetric magnetic field, under the transmission action of a worm gear and a worm, a magnetic field is deviated to the left relative to the tungsten electrode, that is, the arc is under the action of an asymmetric magnetic field, and the magnetic field intensity on the left of the tungsten electrode is smaller than that on the right of the tungsten electrode, so that the rotating radius of electrons in the left arc of the tungsten electrode is larger than that in the right arc, as shown in the condition that the width of the arc on the left of the tungsten electrode is larger than that of the arc on the right of the tungsten electrode, and fig. 6, and the magnetic field intensity on the right side of the tungsten electrode is less than that on the left side of the tungsten electrode, so that the rotating radius of electrons in the arc on the right side of the tungsten electrode is greater than that of electrons in the arc on the left side, and the width of the arc on the right side of the tungsten electrode is greater than that of the arc on the left side of the tungsten electrode, and a welding seam on the right side of a weldment is scanned. When the electric arc scans the welding seam back under the action of the magnetic field, relevant electric arc parameters are extracted by the Hall element sensor, each welding seam position has a corresponding welding parameter corresponding to the welding seam position, the data are input into the data analysis system to be analyzed to obtain corresponding welding parameters, the parameters are fed back to the adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism adjusts the welding path and the welding parameters according to the obtained data, so that the precise automatic tracking of the welding seam is realized.
Claims (1)
1. A TIG electric arc welding seam tracking sensor capable of controlling magnetic field deviation is mainly composed of a magnetic field excitation power supply, a magnetic induction coil generating a magnetic field and a worm and gear transmission mechanism, and is characterized in that a support sleeve is sleeved outside a welding gun, an enameled copper wire is tightly wound on the support sleeve from top to bottom to form the magnetic induction coil, the enameled copper wire is wrapped by an insulating material, two worm and gears are respectively connected to two sides of the upper surface of the support sleeve, the support sleeve and the magnetic induction coil are deviated from left to right by utilizing the worm and gear transmission, a tungsten electrode of the welding gun does not move, under the action of a deviated longitudinal magnetic field, an electric arc form achieves the effects of focusing and electric arc rotating and swinging, an encoder is connected to the transmission mechanism to control the deviation distance of the support sleeve, when the worm and gear transmission is carried out, namely, the right deviation distance of the support sleeve is maximized, the distance that the electric arc scanned left reaches the maximum value, and in a similar way, when worm gear left transmission, the skew distance that the supporting sleeve left reached the maximum promptly, the distance that the electric arc scanned right reached the maximum value, and the maximum skew distance of encoder control supporting sleeve and electric arc scan the maximum distance of welding seam at this moment correspond, thereby the information of acquireing relevant welding seam realizes the welding seam tracking.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111168198B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-09-28 | 湘潭大学 | Welding seam tracking sensor for controlling double-tungsten-electrode arc swing by magnetic field |
| CN114346538B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2024-01-30 | 湘潭大学 | Welding gun pose recognition method based on multi-axis linear Hall effect sensor |
| CN114393279B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-11-14 | 湘潭大学 | Weld joint tracking and sensing system based on double MEMS magnetic field intensity sensors |
| CN114700588B (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2023-07-18 | 湘潭大学 | Weld joint identification method for electric field to control arc rotation |
| CN114393280B (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-04-25 | 湘潭大学 | Large-curvature weld joint deviation recognition method based on asymmetric longitudinal magnetic field sensing |
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2019
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