CN114696099B - Broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna suitable for dual-mode operation of microwave millimeter wave frequency band - Google Patents
Broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna suitable for dual-mode operation of microwave millimeter wave frequency band Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 101700004678 SLIT3 Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna suitable for millimeter wave frequency bands, which is a square patch loaded with a first slot and a second slot which are crisscrossed, and is excited by substrate integrated coaxial line feed slot coupling. The antenna has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing, wide bandwidth, low cross polarization in a designed frequency band, stable radiation pattern and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna of a 5G millimeter wave frequency band, which is excited by slot coupling at the tail end of a substrate integrated coaxial line (Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line, SICL), and belongs to the technical field of antennas.
Background
Antennas are an important component of wireless communication systems, and millimeter wave antennas have been attracting attention with the rapid development of modern wireless communication technologies, especially millimeter wave technologies in fifth generation communications.
The dual-polarized antenna can meet the requirement of the communication system on the expansion frequency band, can improve the capacity of the communication system, can reduce the installation number of the antenna, and is widely applied.
The traditional microstrip antenna has the advantages of low profile, low cost, small volume, light weight, easy planarization and the like, but also has the defect of narrow bandwidth. There are a number of techniques available to improve the bandwidth of microstrip antennas. The bandwidth of the microstrip antenna can be remarkably improved by using the feeding modes such as an L-shaped probe, a T-shaped feeder line and the like, but the disadvantages of increased complexity of the feeding mode, increased antenna section and the like are brought. The stacked microstrip antenna, E-type antenna and U-shaped slot loaded microstrip antenna have wider working bandwidths, but have the defects of high cross polarization, unstable radiation pattern, high structural complexity compared with the traditional microstrip antenna, and the like. Meanwhile, a plurality of bandwidth improvement modes are in millimeter wave frequency bands, and are difficult to widely use in engineering due to complex structures, processing precision limitation and the like.
With the rapid development of modern wireless communication, there is a great demand for microstrip antennas with bandwidth, low profile and simple structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems and the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna which can meet the requirements of a wireless communication system, can be applied to a 5G millimeter wave frequency band, is easy to design and process and is easy to integrate in a plane.
Changing the TM by loading appropriate slits in a second direction on the square patch 02 Mode electric field distribution such that TM, which was originally unable to direct radiation 02 The mode realizes directional radiation, and the mode is connected with a main mode TM 01 Mode combining to achieve a broadband first-direction polarized radiation characteristic; similarly, by loading the appropriate first direction slit on the square patch, the TM is changed 20 Mode electric field distribution such that TM, which was originally unable to direct radiation 20 The mode realizes directional radiation, and the mode is connected with a main mode TM 10 Mode combination is achieved, so that the second-direction polarized radiation characteristic of the broadband is achieved, meanwhile, the radiation characteristic of the first-direction polarization cannot be affected by a gap in the first direction, unnecessary working modes in the first-direction polarization in the broadband are restrained, and the stability of a radiation pattern in the broadband is guaranteed. The dual-polarized antenna has the advantages of easy planar integration, simple structure, wide bandwidth and the like.
The technical scheme is as follows: a broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna suitable for 5G millimeter wave frequency band sequentially comprises an antenna body, a first layer of feed network and a second layer of feed network from top to bottom; the antenna body comprises a metal patch, a first dielectric layer, a first adhesive layer and a first metal layer which are sequentially laminated together from top to bottom; the first layer feed network comprises a first metal layer, a second medium layer, a second adhesion layer, a second metal layer, a third medium layer and a third metal layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; the second layer feed network comprises a third metal layer, a third adhesive layer, a fourth metal layer, a fourth medium layer, a fifth metal layer and metal blind holes which pass through the two layers of feed networks from top to bottom and are sequentially stacked together.
The square patch antenna unit is a metal patch arranged on the first dielectric layer, a first slit and a second slit which are crisscrossed are formed in the metal patch, the first slit is along a first direction, the second slit is along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the first metal layer is provided with a third gap and a fourth gap which are crisscrossed, the third gap is along a first direction, and the fourth gap is along a second direction; the second metal layer is a metal wire along a second direction; the third metal layer is provided with a fifth gap, and the fifth gap is along the second direction; the fourth metal layer is a metal wire along the first direction; the central axes of the first gap in the length direction are vertically corresponding to the central axes of the third gap in the length direction, and the central axes of the second gap in the length direction and the central axes of the fourth gap in the length direction are vertically corresponding to the central axes of the fifth gap in the length direction.
The plurality of metallized blind holes and the metal layer form SICL; the antenna is fed by two layers of SICL feed networks, and slot coupling excitation is realized through a slot structure at the tail end of the SICL feed networks; the side face of the first-layer SICL feed network is provided with a first port, and the side face of the second-layer SICL feed network is provided with a second port; electromagnetic waves input by the first port are transmitted in the first layer SICL, and the metal patch is excited through third slot coupling, so that polarized radiation in the second direction is generated; electromagnetic waves input by the second port are transmitted in the second layer SICL, are coupled to the fourth slot through the fifth slot, and excite the metal patch through the fourth slot coupling to generate polarized radiation in the first direction.
The width of the antenna, the width of the first slot and the width of the second slot affect the resonant frequencies of the two resonant modes of the antenna. The effect of widening the bandwidth of the antenna is achieved by adjusting the size parameters of the antenna, namely, reasonably arranging the width of the square patch, the width of the first gap and the width of the second gap.
The first slot is parallel to the patch current when polarized in the first direction, so the presence of the first slot does not affect the patterns of the two resonant modes of the first direction polarization, and similarly the presence of the second slot does not affect the patterns of the two resonant modes of the first direction polarization.
The third gap and the fourth gap which are crossed are bow tie type gaps, so that the coupling feeding capacity is enhanced, and the bandwidth of the antenna is improved.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the traditional dual-polarized antenna, the broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna suitable for the 5G millimeter wave frequency band has the following advantages: the antenna has the advantages of retaining the advantages of low profile, simple structure and the like of the traditional microstrip antenna, realizing the working bandwidth of a broadband, and being very easy to realize in a millimeter wave frequency band.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of an antenna of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of the antenna of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a side view of the antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a reflection coefficient of an antenna of the present invention with only a first port excitation;
FIG. 5 is a reflection coefficient of an antenna of the present invention with only a second port excitation;
FIG. 6 is a graph of isolation curves between a first port and a second port of the antenna of the present invention;
fig. 7 the antenna of the invention is at different w 2 Only the reflection coefficient excited by the second port is taken as a value;
figure 8 the antenna of the invention is at different w 2 Only the reflection coefficient excited by the first port is taken as a value;
fig. 9 the antenna of the invention is at different w 3 Only the reflection coefficient excited by the second port is taken as a value;
fig. 10 the antenna of the invention is at different w 3 Only the reflection coefficient excited by the first port is taken as a value;
FIG. 11 is a graph of gain for a first port excitation only of an antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph of gain curve for an antenna of the present invention with only second port excitation;
fig. 13-1 is an antenna radiation pattern for an antenna of the present invention with only a first port excitation at 28 GHz;
fig. 13-2 is an antenna radiation pattern for the antenna of the present invention with only the first port excited at 38 GHz;
fig. 13-3 is an antenna radiation pattern for an antenna of the present invention with only the second port excited at 28 GHz;
fig. 13-4 are antenna radiation patterns for the inventive antenna with only the second port excited at 38 GHz.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments, it being understood that these embodiments are meant to be illustrative of the invention only and not limiting the scope of the invention, and that modifications of the invention, which are equivalent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, will fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims appended hereto.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the wideband dual-polarized microstrip antenna suitable for 5G millimeter wave band is mainly composed of an antenna body, a first layer SICL feeding network composed of a metallized hole 6 and metal layers 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, a second layer SICL feeding network composed of a metallized hole 6 and metal layers 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, a third slot 3, a fourth slot 4, a fifth slot 5 of coupling feeding, and a square patch antenna unit 9-1 (low-profile wideband antenna unit) loading the first slot 1 and the second slot 2. In the invention, the medium is selected from Tacouc TLY with a dielectric constant of 2.2; the dielectric adhesive layer is made of Rogers 4450 and has a dielectric constant of 3.4.
As shown in fig. 2, the antenna includes an antenna body, a first layer feed network, and a second layer feed network; the antenna body comprises a metal patch 9-1, a first dielectric layer 7-1, a first adhesive layer 8-1 and a first metal layer 9-2 which are sequentially laminated together from top to bottom; the first layer feed network comprises a first metal layer 9-2, a second dielectric layer 7-2, a second adhesion layer 8-2, a second metal layer 9-3, a third dielectric layer 7-3 and a third metal layer 9-4 which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; the second layer feed network comprises a third metal layer 9-4, a third adhesive layer 8-3, a fourth metal layer 9-5, a fourth dielectric layer 7-4, a fifth metal layer 9-6 and metal blind holes 6 which pass through the two layers of feed networks from top to bottom and are sequentially stacked together.
As shown in FIG. 1, the thickness of the first dielectric layer 7-1 is 0.76mm, and the thicknesses of the second dielectric layer 7-2, the third dielectric layer 7-3 and the fourth dielectric layer are all 0.254mm; the thickness of the first adhesive layer 8-1, the second adhesive layer 8-2 and the third adhesive layer 8-3 was 0.1mm.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the plane of the metal patch 9-1 is regarded as an xoy plane, the directions of the x axis and the y axis are shown in fig. 3, a first gap 1 along the x direction is formed in the center of the rectangular patch, and the patch is divided into 2 equal parts by the first gap 1; a second gap 2 along the y direction is arranged at the center of the rectangular patch, and the second gap 2 divides 2 equal patches into 4 equal parts; the first metal layer 9-2 is further provided with a third slit 3 along the x-direction and a fourth slit 4 along the y-direction, and the third metal layer 9-4 is provided with a fifth slit 5 along the y-direction. The antenna couples the excitation metal patch 9-1 through the third slot 3 to produce polarization in the y-direction and couples the excitation metal patch 9-1 through the fifth slot 5 and the fourth slot 4 to produce polarization in the x-direction.
As shown in fig. 1, the square patch antenna unit is a metal patch 9-1 arranged on a first dielectric layer, and a first slot 1 and a second slot 2 which are crisscrossed are formed on the metal patch, wherein the first slot is along a first direction, the second slot is along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the first metal layer 9-2 is provided with a third slit 3 and a fourth slit 4 which are crisscrossed, the third slit is along a first direction, and the fourth slit is along a second direction; the second metal layer 9-3 is a metal wire along a second direction; the third metal layer 9-4 is provided with a fifth gap 5, and the fifth gap 5 is along the second direction; the fourth metal layer 9-5 is a metal line along the first direction; the central axes of the first gap 1 and the third gap 3 correspond to each other vertically, and the central axes of the second gap 2 and the fourth gap 4 correspond to the central axes of the fifth gap 5 vertically.
The antenna size was optimized using electromagnetic simulation software, and the antenna size parameters were obtained as shown in table 1. The meaning of the representation of the parameters is already indicated in fig. 3. l (L) 1 And w 1 Respectively the length of the antennaDegree and width; l (L) 2 The length of the square patch is equal to the width w of the square patch 2 ；w 3 Is the width of the first gap 1 and the second gap 2; w (w) 4 Is the outer width of the third gap 3, l 3 Is the length of the third slit 3; the outer width of the fourth slit 4 is w 8 ，l 4 Is the length of the third slit 4; w (w) 7 Is the inner width of the third gap 3 and the fourth gap 4; w (w) 5 Is the width, w, of the second metal layer 9-3 6 Is the width of the fourth metal layer 9-5; the width and length of the fifth gap 5 are the same as those of the fourth gap 4; d is the diameter of the metallized blind hole 6 and P is the spacing between two metallized blind holes.
FIG. 4 shows simulation results of reflection coefficient when the antenna of the embodiment has only the first port for excitation, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna of the embodiment of the invention when the antenna of the embodiment has only the first port for excitation is 23.8GHz-40.3GHz and the relative bandwidth is 51.48% based on the reflection coefficient of less than or equal to-10 dB.
FIG. 5 shows simulation results of reflection coefficient of the antenna of the present embodiment when excited only by the second port, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna of the present embodiment when excited only by the second port is 23.9GHz-40.2GHz, with the reflection coefficient being less than or equal to-10 dB, and the relative bandwidth being 50.08%.
Fig. 6 shows simulation results of the isolation between the first port and the second port of the antenna of this example, and as can be seen from fig. 6, the minimum isolation between the first port and the second port in the band of the antenna of this example of the invention is 32dB.
Figure 7 shows a square patch width w 2 The effect on the resonant frequencies of the two resonant modes when radiating in the first direction of the example antenna.
Figure 8 shows a square patch width w 2 The effect on the resonant frequencies of the two resonant modes when radiating polarized in the second direction of the antenna of this example.
FIG. 9 shows the width w of the second slit 3 The effect on the resonant frequencies of the two resonant modes when radiating in the first direction of the example antenna.
FIG. 10 shows the width w of the first slit 3 Second party to the antenna of this exampleThe influence of the resonance frequencies of the two resonance modes when radiating to polarization.
Fig. 11 shows a graph of the gain of the antenna of the present embodiment when the antenna has only the first port excited, and as can be seen from fig. 7, the maximum gain of the antenna of the present embodiment when the antenna has only the first port excited is 8.91dBi.
Fig. 12 shows a graph of the gain of the antenna of the present embodiment when excited by only the second port, and as can be seen from fig. 8, the maximum gain of the antenna of the present embodiment when excited by only the first port is 9.08dBi.
Fig. 13-1 shows the antenna radiation pattern at 28GHz for an inventive antenna with only the first port excitation, and as can be seen from fig. 13-1, the inventive embodiment of the antenna has an E-plane and H-plane cross polarization of less than-20 dB for the first port excitation only at 28 GHz.
Fig. 13-2 shows the antenna radiation pattern at 38GHz for an inventive antenna with only the first port excitation, and as can be seen from fig. 13-2, the inventive embodiment of the antenna has an E-plane and H-plane cross polarization of less than-20 dB for 38GHz for the first port excitation only.
Fig. 13-3 shows the antenna radiation pattern at 28GHz for an inventive antenna with only the second port excited, and as can be seen from fig. 13-3, the inventive embodiment of the antenna has an E-plane and H-plane cross polarization of less than-20 dB for the first port excited only at 28 GHz.
Figures 13-4 show the antenna radiation pattern at 38GHz for an inventive antenna with only the second port excited, and as can be seen from figures 13-4, the inventive embodiment of the antenna has an E-plane and H-plane cross polarization of less than-20 dB for the first port excited only at 38 GHz.
TABLE 1
| Parameters (parameters) | Numerical value (mm) | Parameters (parameters) | Numerical value (mm) |
| l 1 | 6.00 | l 2 | 3.65 |
| l 3 | 4.10 | l 4 | 3.40 |
| w 1 | 6.00 | w 2 | 3.65 |
| w 3 | 0.25 | w 4 | 0.50 |
| w 5 | 0.65 | w 6 | 0.20 |
| w 7 | 0.20 | P | 0.60 |
| D | 0.30 | - |
Claims (3)
1. A broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna suitable for dual-mode operation of microwave millimeter wave frequency band is characterized in that: the antenna comprises an antenna body, two layers of feed networks and metal blind holes penetrating through the two layers of feed networks from top to bottom; the antenna comprises a first layer of SICL feed network, a second layer of SICL feed network, a first metal blind hole and a second metal blind hole, wherein the antenna body comprises a metal patch loaded with a first gap and a second gap, and the metal patch is excited by the first layer of feed network and the second layer of feed network feed gap in a coupling way to generate dual-polarized radiation;
the first gap and the second gap are respectively along a first direction and a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are vertical;
the antenna body comprises the metal patch, a first dielectric layer, a first adhesive layer and a first metal layer which are sequentially laminated together from top to bottom; the first layer feed network comprises a first metal layer, a second dielectric layer, a second adhesion layer, a second metal layer, a third dielectric layer and a third metal layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; the second layer feed network comprises a third metal layer, a third adhesion layer, a fourth metal layer, a fourth medium layer and a fifth metal layer which are sequentially laminated together from top to bottom;
the first metal layer is provided with a third gap and a fourth gap which are crisscrossed, the third gap is along a first direction, and the fourth gap is along a second direction; the second metal layer is a metal wire along a second direction; the third metal layer is provided with a fifth gap, and the fifth gap is along the second direction; the fourth metal layer is a metal wire along the first direction;
the central axes of the first gap in the length direction are vertically corresponding to the central axes of the third gap in the length direction, and the central axes of the second gap in the length direction and the central axes of the fourth gap in the length direction are vertically corresponding to the central axes of the fifth gap in the length direction.
2. The dual-polarized broadband microstrip antenna suitable for dual mode operation in the microwave millimeter wave band as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side face of the first-layer SICL feed network is provided with a first port, and the side face of the second-layer SICL feed network is provided with a second port; electromagnetic waves input by the first port are transmitted in the first SICL feed network, and the metal patch is excited through third slot coupling, so that polarized radiation in the second direction is generated; electromagnetic waves input by the second port are transmitted in the second-layer SICL feed network, are coupled to the fourth slot through the fifth slot, and excite the metal patch through the fourth slot coupling, so that polarized radiation in the first direction is generated.
3. The dual-polarized broadband microstrip antenna suitable for dual mode operation in the microwave millimeter wave band as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the third and fourth slits are bow tie slits.
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| CN202210485077.7A CN114696099B (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2022-05-06 | Broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna suitable for dual-mode operation of microwave millimeter wave frequency band |
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| CN202210485077.7A CN114696099B (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2022-05-06 | Broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna suitable for dual-mode operation of microwave millimeter wave frequency band |
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| CN114696099B true CN114696099B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1022803A2 (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2000-07-26 | Finglas Technologies Limited | Dual polarisation antennas |
| CN101950859A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-01-19 | 东南大学 | High isolation dual-polarized microstrip antenna fed by slot |
| CN108717992A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-10-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | The Dual-polarized electricity magnetic-dipole antenna of millimeter wave differential feed |
| CN112117533A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-22 | 北京邮电大学 | Dual-frequency dual-linear polarization phased array antenna and antenna unit |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105720364B (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2019-03-05 | 华南理工大学 | It is a kind of with highly selective and low-cross polarization dual polarization filter antenna |
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- 2022-05-06 CN CN202210485077.7A patent/CN114696099B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1022803A2 (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2000-07-26 | Finglas Technologies Limited | Dual polarisation antennas |
| CN101950859A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-01-19 | 东南大学 | High isolation dual-polarized microstrip antenna fed by slot |
| CN108717992A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-10-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | The Dual-polarized electricity magnetic-dipole antenna of millimeter wave differential feed |
| CN112117533A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-22 | 北京邮电大学 | Dual-frequency dual-linear polarization phased array antenna and antenna unit |
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