CN114696095A - Low-profile miniaturized antenna loaded with square ring - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-profile miniaturized antenna loaded with a square ring. The planar dipole antenna comprises a planar dipole, a square ring, a dielectric substrate I, a feed structure and a reflecting plate; planar dipole, quad ring are set up respectively on the upper and lower surface of dielectric substrate I, and the feed structure is placed perpendicularly on the reflecting plate, and planar dipole is printed to I upper surface of dielectric substrate, and lower surface printing quad ring loads square gap and rectangle gap on the planar dipole. According to the invention, a new resonance point is introduced at a low frequency position by loading the square ring, the coverage frequency band of the antenna is enlarged, the additional volume of the antenna is not increased, the low-profile design of the antenna is realized, and the impedance mismatch condition caused by profile reduction is adjusted by adjusting the feed structure. The invention adopts differential feed for feeding, has low profile height, can effectively reduce the size of the antenna, adopts a PCB plate, has low processing cost and simple manufacture, and can be well applied to a communication system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-profile miniaturized antenna loaded with a square ring, and belongs to the technical field of antennas.
Background
With the rapid development of communication technology, although the 5G era has come, the improvement of the base station is still a forward process, and still has important significance for the frequency band coverage of 2G/3G/4G, i.e. 1710-. Since the size of the front-end circuit of the communication system is gradually reduced, the size of the antenna is too large without changing the antenna performance, which is not suitable for the current communication system, and the miniaturization of the antenna becomes particularly important. In view of the manufacturing cost and the simplicity of processing, printing in the form of a PCB is the design choice.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a low-profile miniaturized antenna loaded with a square ring.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a low-profile miniaturized antenna loaded with a square ring comprises a planar dipole 1, a square ring 2, a dielectric substrate I3, a feed structure 4 and a reflecting plate 5; the planar dipole 1 and the square ring 2 are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate I3, the feed structure 4 is vertically arranged on the reflecting plate 5, the feed structure 4 and the dielectric substrate I3 are vertically arranged, and the feed structure 4 is positioned between the reflecting plate 5 and the dielectric substrate I3.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the planar dipole 1 and the square ring 2 together form a radiation main body of the antenna.
As a further scheme of the invention, a planar dipole 1 is printed on the upper surface of a dielectric substrate I3, a square ring 2 is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate I, and a square gap 6 and a rectangular gap 7 are loaded on the planar dipole 1; a cross-shaped gap 9 is loaded in the middle of the planar dipole 1, and the planar dipole 1 at the tail part of the cross-shaped gap 9 is subjected to corner cutting 8.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the feeding structure 4 includes two groups of feeding structures; the first group of feed structures comprise a metal plane I10, a dielectric substrate II 11 and a feed microstrip line group I12; the second group of feed structures comprises a metal plane II 13, a dielectric substrate III 14 and a feed microstrip line group II 15; the first group of feed structures and the second group of feed structures are arranged perpendicular to each other; the dielectric substrate II 11 and the dielectric substrate III 14 are arranged perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the planar dipole 1; a metal plane I10 and a feed microstrip line group I12 are respectively printed on two sides of the dielectric substrate II 11; and a metal plane II 13 and a feed microstrip line group II 15 are respectively printed on two sides of the dielectric substrate III 14.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the feeding microstrip line group i 12 is composed of five microstrip transmission lines, and a first microstrip line 16, a second microstrip line 17, a third microstrip line 18, a fourth microstrip line 19, and a fifth microstrip line 20 are sequentially connected together;
the feed microstrip line set II 15 is composed of five sections of microstrip transmission lines, and a sixth microstrip line 21, a seventh microstrip line 22, an eighth microstrip line 23, a ninth microstrip line 24 and a tenth microstrip line 25 are sequentially connected together.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the first microstrip line 16 and the second microstrip line 17 are on a straight line, the second microstrip line 17 is perpendicular to the third microstrip line 18, the third microstrip line 18 is perpendicular to the fourth microstrip line 19, the fourth microstrip line 19 is on a straight line with the fifth microstrip line 20, and the first microstrip line 16 and the second microstrip line 17 are parallel to the fourth microstrip line 19 and the fifth microstrip line 20; the sixth microstrip line 21 and the seventh microstrip line 22 are on the same straight line, the seventh microstrip line 22 is perpendicular to the eighth microstrip line 23, the eighth microstrip line 23 is perpendicular to the ninth microstrip line 24, the ninth microstrip line 24 is on the same straight line with the tenth microstrip line 25, the sixth microstrip line 21 and the seventh microstrip line 22 are parallel to the ninth microstrip line 24 and the tenth microstrip line 25, and the third microstrip line 18 and the eighth microstrip line 23 are loaded with rectangular gaps.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the length of the first microstrip line 16 is equal to the length and width of the fifth microstrip line 20, the width and length of the second microstrip line 17 is equal to the length of the fourth microstrip line 19, and the width of the third microstrip line 18 is equal to the width of the second microstrip line 17 and the width of the fourth microstrip line 19. The length of the sixth microstrip line 21 is equal to the length and width of the tenth microstrip line 25, the width and length of the seventh microstrip line 22 is equal to the length of the ninth microstrip line 24, and the width of the eighth microstrip line 23 is equal to the width of the seventh microstrip line 22 and the ninth microstrip line 24.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, the dielectric substrates i 3, ii 11 and iii 14 are FR4 plates having a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent angle of 0.02.
As a further aspect of the invention, the height of the feed structure 4 is 17 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention generates a resonance point through the work of a pair of dipoles, introduces the same dipoles on the basis of the resonance point to form a cross structure, and carries out corner cutting treatment on adjacent dipoles to change the coupling between the adjacent dipoles. In order to further enlarge the frequency coverage, a square ring is loaded at the bottom of the dielectric substrate, a new resonance point can be introduced at low frequency, and the broadband design of the antenna can be realized by adjusting the size of the ring, and the extra size of the antenna is not increased. The invention adopts FR4 medium substrate, which has low cost and easy processing, and realizes broadband and miniaturized design of antenna.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiation body according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first set of feed structures of the present invention 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second set of feed structures of the present invention, FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna design process according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of return loss for different antenna models of the antenna of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the vector current of the antenna of the present invention operating at the resonance point 3;
FIG. 8 is a final S parameter diagram of the antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a first set of feed structures of the present invention, FIG. 2;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram 2 of a second group of feed structures of the present invention.
The respective reference numerals in fig. 1: the antenna comprises a 1-plane dipole, a 2-square ring, a 3-dielectric substrate I, a 4-feed structure, a 5-reflector, a 6-square slot, a 7-rectangular slot, an 8-corner, a 9-cross slot, a 10-metal plane I, a 11-dielectric substrate II, a 12-feed microstrip line set I, a 13-metal plane II, a 14-dielectric substrate III, a 15-feed microstrip line set II, a 16-first microstrip line, a 17-second microstrip line, a 18-third microstrip line, a 19-fourth microstrip line, a 20-fifth microstrip line, a 21-sixth microstrip line, a 22-seventh microstrip line, a 23-eighth microstrip line, a 24-ninth microstrip line and a 25-tenth microstrip line.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-10, a low-profile miniaturized antenna loaded with square rings comprises a planar dipole 1, a square ring 2, a dielectric substrate i 3, a feeding structure 4 and a reflecting plate 5; the planar dipole 1 and the square ring 2 are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate I3, the feed structure 4 is vertically arranged on the reflecting plate 5, the feed structure 4 and the dielectric substrate I3 are vertically arranged, and the feed structure 4 is positioned between the reflecting plate 5 and the dielectric substrate I3.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the planar dipole 1 and the square ring 2 together form a radiation main body of the antenna.
As a further scheme of the invention, a planar dipole 1 is printed on the upper surface of a dielectric substrate I3, a square ring 2 is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate I, and a square gap 6 and a rectangular gap 7 are loaded on the planar dipole 1; a cross-shaped gap 9 is loaded in the middle of the planar dipole 1, and the planar dipole 1 at the tail part of the cross-shaped gap 9 is subjected to corner cutting 8.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the feeding structure 4 includes two groups of feeding structures; the first group of feed structures comprise a metal plane I10, a dielectric substrate II 11 and a feed microstrip line group I12; the second group of feed structures comprises a metal plane II 13, a dielectric substrate III 14 and a feed microstrip line group II 15; the first group of feed structures and the second group of feed structures are arranged perpendicular to each other; the dielectric substrate II 11 and the dielectric substrate III 14 are arranged perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the planar dipole 1; a metal plane I10 and a feed microstrip line set I12 are respectively printed on two sides of the dielectric substrate II 11; and a metal plane II 13 and a feed microstrip line group II 15 are respectively printed on two sides of the dielectric substrate III 14.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the feeding microstrip line group i 12 is composed of five microstrip transmission lines, and a first microstrip line 16, a second microstrip line 17, a third microstrip line 18, a fourth microstrip line 19, and a fifth microstrip line 20 are sequentially connected together;
the feeding microstrip line group II 15 is composed of five sections of microstrip transmission lines, and a sixth microstrip line 21, a seventh microstrip line 22, an eighth microstrip line 23, a ninth microstrip line 24 and a tenth microstrip line 25 are sequentially connected together.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the first microstrip line 16 and the second microstrip line 17 are on a straight line, the second microstrip line 17 is perpendicular to the third microstrip line 18, the third microstrip line 18 is perpendicular to the fourth microstrip line 19, the fourth microstrip line 19 is on a straight line with the fifth microstrip line 20, and the first microstrip line 16 and the second microstrip line 17 are parallel to the fourth microstrip line 19 and the fifth microstrip line 20; the sixth microstrip line 21 and the seventh microstrip line 22 are on a straight line, the seventh microstrip line 22 is perpendicular to the eighth microstrip line 23, the eighth microstrip line 23 is perpendicular to the ninth microstrip line 24, the ninth microstrip line 24 is on a straight line with the tenth microstrip line 25, the sixth microstrip line 21 and the seventh microstrip line 22 are parallel to the ninth microstrip line 24 and the tenth microstrip line 25, and the third microstrip line 18 and the eighth microstrip line 23 are loaded with rectangular gaps.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the length of the first microstrip line 16 is equal to the length and width of the fifth microstrip line 20, the width and length of the second microstrip line 17 is equal to the length of the fourth microstrip line 19, and the width of the third microstrip line 18 is equal to the width of the second microstrip line 17 and the width of the fourth microstrip line 19. The length of the sixth microstrip line 21 is equal to the length and width of the tenth microstrip line 25, the width and length of the seventh microstrip line 22 is equal to the length of the ninth microstrip line 24, and the width of the eighth microstrip line 23 is equal to the width of the seventh microstrip line 22 and the ninth microstrip line 24.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, the dielectric substrates i 3, ii 11 and iii 14 are FR4 plates having a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent angle of 0.02.
As a further aspect of the invention, the height of the feed structure 4 is 17 mm.
A square ring 2 is loaded on the lower surface of a dielectric substrate I3, a new resonance point is introduced at a low frequency position, the frequency range of the antenna is expanded, and the broadband design and the miniaturization design of the antenna are realized on the basis of not increasing the overall size of the antenna.
The feed structure adopts different microstrip lines to be combined together, so that the impedance of the antenna is adjusted, and the broadband design is realized.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
fig. 1 shows a three-dimensional structure diagram of an antenna, fig. 2 shows a structural schematic diagram of a radiating body of the antenna, and fig. 3 and 4 show a feeding structural schematic diagram of the antenna.
Fig. 5 shows an antenna design process, fig. 6 shows a return loss diagram corresponding to the antenna design process, as shown in fig. 5, after a cross-shaped gap 9 is loaded in the middle of a planar dipole 1, the planar dipole 1 forms two pairs of radiating dipoles; during design, when the antenna only has a pair of radiation dipoles, namely Ant.1, the antenna generates a resonance point 1, and impedance matching is not performed on the antenna for the convenience of subsequent design. In order to increase the bandwidth of the antenna, on the basis of Ant.1, a pair of same radiation dipoles is added and placed in a crossed manner to form Ant.2, a new resonance point 2 is generated at the moment, the corner cut structure between the adjacent dipoles and the middle cross-shaped gap are used for adjusting the coupling between the two pairs of dipoles, and the antenna still does not cover the working frequency band of 1.7-2.7GHz at the moment. Therefore, in order to increase the bandwidth of the antenna, a square ring 2 is loaded at the bottom of a dielectric substrate I3 to form Ant.3, a resonance point 3 is introduced at a low frequency position along with the addition of the square ring 2, the coupling between adjacent oscillators is destroyed along with the addition of the square ring 2, and the original resonance point 2 disappears, at the moment, the antenna structure is processed, Ant.4 is formed, the coupling between the adjacent oscillators is improved along with the addition of a square gap 6 and a rectangular gap 7, at the moment, the antenna has three resonance points, and the broadband design of the antenna can be realized by adjusting the left and right movement of the resonance point 2 and the resonance point 3, so that the design requirement is met. Fig. 7 shows the vector current of the antenna operating at the resonance point 3, the vector current direction of the square ring 2 has the same square shape as the vector current formed by the dipole, thus increasing the electrical length of the antenna, and as the electrical length increases, the operating frequency of the antenna is lowered, thus forming a new resonance point 3 at a low frequency. The cross section height of the antenna is only 17mm, which is smaller than the traditional cross section height which is a quarter wavelength of a central frequency point, namely 34mm, so that not only is the broadband design of the antenna realized, but also the cross section height of the antenna is reduced from the longitudinal direction, and the impedance of the antenna is deteriorated due to the reduction of the cross section height, therefore, the impedance matching of the antenna is adjusted through the feeding microstrip line group I12 and the feeding microstrip line group II 15 in the feeding structure 4, and finally the broadband and miniaturized design of the antenna is realized. Fig. 8 shows that the frequency range of the return loss of the optimized antenna is 1.63-2.74GHz, and the isolation is more than 25dB, wherein the return loss of the optimized antenna is less than-10 dB.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a low section miniaturized antenna of loading quad ring which characterized in that: the planar dipole antenna comprises a planar dipole (1), a square ring (2), a dielectric substrate I (3), a feed structure (4) and a reflecting plate (5); the planar dipole (1) and the square ring (2) are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate I (3), the feed structure (4) is vertically arranged on the reflecting plate (5), the feed structure (4) and the dielectric substrate I (3) are vertically arranged, and the feed structure (4) is located between the reflecting plate (5) and the dielectric substrate I (3).
2. The low-profile, miniaturized antenna loaded with square loops of claim 1, characterized in that: the planar dipole (1) and the square ring (2) jointly form a radiation main body of the antenna.
3. The low-profile, miniaturized antenna loaded with square loops of claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface of the dielectric substrate I (3) is printed with a planar dipole (1), the lower surface of the dielectric substrate I is printed with a square ring (2), and a square gap (6) and a rectangular gap (7) are loaded on the planar dipole (1); the cross-shaped gap (9) is loaded in the middle of the planar dipole (1), and the planar dipole (1) at the tail part of the cross-shaped gap (9) is subjected to corner cutting (8).
4. The low-profile, miniaturized antenna loaded with square loops of claim 1, characterized in that:
the feed structure (4) comprises two groups of feed structures; the first group of feed structures comprise a metal plane I (10), a dielectric substrate II (11) and a feed microstrip line group I (12); the second group of feed structures comprise a metal plane II (13), a dielectric substrate III (14) and a feed microstrip line group II (15); the first group of feed structures and the second group of feed structures are arranged perpendicular to each other; the dielectric substrate II (11) and the dielectric substrate III (14) are arranged perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the planar dipole (1); a metal plane I (10) and a feed microstrip line group I (12) are respectively printed on two sides of a dielectric substrate II (11); and a metal plane II (13) and a feed microstrip line group II (15) are respectively printed on two sides of the dielectric substrate III (14).
5. The low-profile, miniaturized antenna loaded with square loops of claim 1, characterized in that:
the feed microstrip line set I (12) consists of five sections of microstrip transmission lines, and a first microstrip line (16), a second microstrip line (17), a third microstrip line (18), a fourth microstrip line (19) and a fifth microstrip line (20) are sequentially connected together;
the feeding microstrip line set II (15) is composed of five sections of microstrip transmission lines, and a sixth microstrip line (21), a seventh microstrip line (22), an eighth microstrip line (23), a ninth microstrip line (24) and a tenth microstrip line (25) are sequentially connected together.
6. The low-profile, miniaturized antenna with loaded quad ring of claim 5, wherein: the first microstrip line (16) and the second microstrip line (17) are arranged on a straight line, the second microstrip line (17) is perpendicular to the third microstrip line (18), the third microstrip line (18) is perpendicular to the fourth microstrip line (19), the fourth microstrip line (19) and the fifth microstrip line (20) are arranged on a straight line, and the first microstrip line (16) and the second microstrip line (17) are parallel to the fourth microstrip line (19) and the fifth microstrip line (20); the sixth microstrip line (21) and the seventh microstrip line (22) are on a straight line, the seventh microstrip line (22) is perpendicular to the eighth microstrip line (23), the eighth microstrip line (23) is perpendicular to the ninth microstrip line (24), the ninth microstrip line (24) and the tenth microstrip line (25) are on a straight line, the sixth microstrip line (21) and the seventh microstrip line (22) are parallel to the ninth microstrip line (24) and the tenth microstrip line (25), and rectangular gaps are loaded on the third microstrip line (18) and the eighth microstrip line (23).
7. The low-profile, miniaturized antenna with loaded quad ring of claim 5, wherein:
the length of the first microstrip line (16) is equal to that of the fifth microstrip line (20), the width of the second microstrip line (17) is equal to that of the fourth microstrip line (19), and the width of the third microstrip line (18) is equal to that of the second microstrip line (17) and the fourth microstrip line (19). The length of the sixth microstrip line (21) is equal to that of the tenth microstrip line (25), the width of the seventh microstrip line (22) is equal to that of the ninth microstrip line (24), and the width of the eighth microstrip line (23) is equal to that of the seventh microstrip line (22) and the ninth microstrip line (24).
8. The low-profile, miniaturized antenna loaded with square loops of claim 4, characterized in that:
the dielectric constant of the medium substrate I (3), the dielectric constant of the medium substrate II (11) and the dielectric constant of the medium substrate III (14) are 4.4, and the loss tangent angle is 0.02.
9. The low-profile, miniaturized antenna loaded with square loops of claim 4, characterized in that: the height of the feed structure (4) is 17 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210310341.3A CN114696095A (en) | 2022-03-28 | 2022-03-28 | Low-profile miniaturized antenna loaded with square ring |
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| CN202210310341.3A CN114696095A (en) | 2022-03-28 | 2022-03-28 | Low-profile miniaturized antenna loaded with square ring |
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